Measure Of Reputation Research Articles

Misurare il contributo della comunicazione alla corporate reputation per la creazione di valore

Purpose of the paper: The research paper aims to analyze the correlation between the reputation level and its “prominence”, in terms of communication, as a “tool” to improve firm performance in a competitive context. Methodology: In order to validate the research hypotheses, an exploratory qualitative research has been put in place on a cluster of smes based in province of Salerno to ascertain if and how their reputation quotient can be influenced by communication. The reputation quotient is based on a model of multilevel reputation measurement. Findings: The research project constitutes a relevant contribution to management and governance issues, seeing as communication qualifies systemic interdependence from both an internal and external perspective and, at the same time, suggests first hand evidence of the variability of firm value creation, in terms of reputation quotient. Research limits: The study is based on an example, using a panel of smes in the hospitality sector. It would be useful to enlarge the base of the sample and the economic sectors. Practical implications: Communication acquires a strategic role for the expanding of results achieved for the purpose of creating value, provided it is based on consolidated performance. On the contrary, value is dispersed when investments in communication are aimed at concealing mediocre performance, which can even determine firm crises, in terms of “breaching the pact of transparency” stipulated by the firm with its stakeholders. Originality of the paper: Using the RQ Areas Scheme it can be verified if - in corporate governance - a “suitable” role could be attributed to communication as a vector of value creation.

Firm-Level Reputation Estimates as Computed Using Reputation Construct in Obrimah (2016)

Obrimah (2016) motivates a new measure of market reputation for venture capitalists (VCs). This document reports firm level estimates of market reputations for sample VCs in Obrimah (2016). Explanatory notes can be found on last page of the document. For more detailed explanations, see Obrimah (2016).

Comparing the measures of seven attributes of media reputation

Purpose Researchers developed multiple measures to assess media reputation, which is believed to be a driving force of corporate reputation. This study compared six measures that were used to measure seven attributes of media reputation. Design/methodology/approach This study conducted the content analysis of 2,817 news articles from both elite newspapers and local newspapers about nine big food corporations. Six measures were used to measure the media reputations of these corporations. Paired samples t-test was used to examine whether these measures are significantly different from each other. Findings Significant differences between measures of media reputation were found in seven attributes for elite and local newspapers. Using different news samples, elite newspapers vs. local newspapers, would also lead to significantly different assessments of media reputation in seven attributes. Originality/value No published research examines whether these measures are significantly different when they are used to measure multiple attributes of media reputation. The findings suggest that the six measures of media reputation cannot substitute one another. Researchers should provide rationales when they use any of them to measure the attributes of media reputation.

Country reputation management: developing a scale for measuring the reputation of four African countries in the United States

This study extends the development of country reputation measurement to other cultural contexts, specifically among sub-Saharan African countries that have shown the desire to improve their reputation in the United States and other Western nations. Although effective management of a country’s reputation lies in its ability to measure the perceptions of its target publics, there is currently no established scale that can be relied upon for such measurement of sub-Saharan African countries. In this study, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted using second-order latent variables, and based on the goodness-of-fit indices, it was established that all four models for measuring the reputation of four countries—Angola, Ghana, Kenya, and Nigeria—met the data fit criteria, thus validating the instrument. Validation of this scale provides empirical evidence that contributes to public diplomacy and country reputation management. Because the CFA process used in this study allows for replication of measurements across independent samples, practitioners interested in measuring the reputation of sub-Saharan African countries can use this scale to evaluate the reputation of these countries across samples of interest.

When and how country reputation stimulates export volume

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between bilateral country reputation and export volume to the country in which that reputation is held.Design/methodology/approachThe unique bilateral data set consists of 861 country pairs. Country reputation measures are from a global survey, in which respondents in 20 countries rate the reputation for products and people of 50 other countries. This data set is then analyzed against actual export data for each country-pair using the well-established structural gravity model of international trade.FindingsThe authors find that each improvement in a world ranking of a country’s reputation for products (in a target country) is associated with a 2 percent increase in exports to that particular country; the effect is equivalent to the importing country decreasing a tariff by as much as 2.9 percent. Furthermore, the authors find that different aspects of country reputation – for its products and its people – attenuate distinct forms of uncertainty, and thereby stimulate export volume in distinct ways.Research limitations/implicationsThis study shows that the relationship between country reputation and export volume is a substantive and empirically valid topic of study. For public policy makers looking to stimulate exports to a specific country, improving their respective country’s reputation in that country appears to be a viable alternative to other levers (e.g. trade negotiations, free trade agreements). For business leaders at international companies, the findings suggest that companies may consider country reputation as a factor when choosing to which countries they wish to expand.Originality/valueThe notion that country reputation can contribute to aggregate export volume has intuitive appeal. Yet, aside from research on country-of-origin effects which has concentrated on the individual consumer level, the notion of country reputation contributing to aggregate effects has so far been based mostly on conjecture and anecdotal evidence. This is the only study to the authors’ knowledge that empirically tests this relationship using a bilateral measure of reputation as a determinant of export volume within one of the most successful empirical frameworks, the structural gravity model of international trade. The findings suggest that for many countries, their reputation may contribute to billions of dollars in export volume.

Understanding Popularity, Reputation, and Social Influence in the Twitter Society

The pervasive presence of online media in our society has transferred a significant part of political deliberation to online forums and social networking sites. This article examines popularity, reputation, and social influence on Twitter using large‐scale digital traces from 2009 to 2016. We process network information on more than 40 million users, calculating new global measures of reputation that build on the D‐core decomposition and the bow‐tie structure of the Twitter follower network. We integrate our measurements of popularity, reputation, and social influence to evaluate what keeps users active, what makes them more popular, and what determines their influence. We find that there is a range of values in which the risk of a user becoming inactive grows with popularity and reputation. Popularity in Twitter resembles a proportional growth process that is faster in its strongly connected component, and that can be accelerated by reputation when users are already popular. We find that social influence on Twitter is mainly related to popularity rather than reputation, but that this growth of influence with popularity is sublinear. The explanatory and predictive power of our method shows that global network metrics are better predictors of inactivity and social influence, calling for analyses that go beyond local metrics like the number of followers.

An Examination of Reputational Costs and Tax Avoidance: Evidence from Firms with Valuable Consumer Brands

ABSTRACT We expect firms with the greatest exposure to reputational damage among consumers will engage in lower levels of tax avoidance to minimize unwanted scrutiny that could impair the firms' reputation. We identify a set of firms with valuable consumer reputation using Harris Interactive's EquiTrend survey, which surveys consumers about their perceptions of valuable and prominent brands. We find evidence in support of our hypothesis that firms with valuable brands will engage in less tax avoidance. Specifically, we find a positive and significant association between our measure of reputation and both the GAAP and cash effective tax rates (measured over one and three years). We find mixed evidence on whether there is a negative and significant association between reputation and the probability the firm is engaging in tax sheltering.

A Synthetic Literature Review and Prognosis of Corporate E-Reputation

A synthetic critique of the literature on corporate reputation management and measurement, this paper employs an 'explaining', and 'predicting' approach from a post-modernist stance. The examination covers established definitions, and frameworks, by taking into account the utility in an online environment. The revisit explores central scholarly standpoints and demonstrates a gradual shift from traditional to a digital era of communication. Despite the growing importance of corporate e-reputation, the theory remains hazy and significantly incomplete. The authors also present a feasibility overview of adopting available academic knowledge and tools for reputation management purposes. By establishing a reflexive relationship between reputation and technological advances, this study rhetorically states the prognosis of the subject. Key points of the discussion are conferred in a logical succession. Results petition further conceptual evolution, empirical investigation, and adoption of management and measurement methods for increased practical usage.

100 Most Influential Publications in Scoliosis Surgery.

Bibliometric analysis. To apply the established technique of citation analysis to identify the 100 most influential articles in scoliosis surgery research published between 1900 and 2015. Previous studies have applied the technique of citation analysis to other areas of study. This is the first article to apply this technique to the field of scoliosis surgery. A two-step search of the Thomson Reuters Web of Science was conducted to identify all articles relevant to the field of scoliosis surgery. The top 100 articles with the most citations were identified based on analysis of titles and abstracts. Further statistical analysis was conducted to determine whether measures of author reputation and overall publication influence affected the rate at which publications were recognized and incorporated by other researchers in the field. Total citations for the final 100 publications included in the list ranged from 82 to 509. The period for publication ranged from 1954 to 2010. Most studies were published in the journal Spine (n = 63). The most frequently published topics of study were surgical techniques (n = 35) and outcomes (n = 35). Measures of author reputation (number of total studies in the top 100, number of first-author studies in the top 100) were found to have no effect on the rate at which studies were adopted by other researchers (number of years until first citation, and number of years until maximum citations). The number of citations/year a publication received was found to be negatively correlated with the rate at which it was adopted by other researchers, indicating that more influential manuscripts attained more rapid recognition by the scientific community at large. In assembling this publication, we have strived to identify and recognize the 100 most influential articles in scoliosis surgery research from 1900 to 2015. N/A.

: (Foreign and Domestic Trends in the Development of Competition in Health Care: Recognition and Measurement of Professional Reputation)

Russian Abstract: В последние годы на фоне отказа от жесткого государственного регулирования деятельности бюджетных и автономных учреждений здравоохранения, широкого участия крупных частных иностранных компаний в обеспечительных функциях отрасли (оборудование, медикаменты и расходные материалы, продукты питания и пр.), а также выхода на рынок сетевых отечественных частных клиник, которые активно «забирают» у бюджетных учреждений объемы целевых государственных программ по оказанию населению бесплатной медицинской помощи, актуализировался вопрос формирования новых конкурентных преимуществ для стабильных государственных и частных клиник, в основе которых знания и информация, генерируемые человеческим ресурсом. English Abstract: In recent years, in the context of rejection of non-rigid state regulation of budgetary and autonomous health institutions, large participation of big private foreign companies in the security functions of the industry (equipment, medicines and supplies, food and so forth.), coming to the market of network domestic private clinics, which take away a big part of work from the state programs for free medical insurance, the issue of establishing new competitive advantages for stable public and private clinics, which would be based on knowledge and information generated by the human resource. The article is devoted to the analysis of these tendencies in competition of health care companies.

Reputation and Contribution in Online Question-Answering Communities

Question-Answering (QA) communities have emerged as a rich source of information by allowing users to ask questions, contribute responses, and evaluate responses submitted by others. QA platforms encourage the contribution of useful content by establishing a measure of reputation, based on the volume and quality of each user’s contributions. While previous work has verified the positive relationship of reputation with response volume, its relationships of with other important aspects of contribution have been overlooked. Our work addresses this gap by studying how reputation relates to users’ risk-taking propensity (difficulty of questions tackled), performance (answer quality), and topical interests. First, we introduce a novel technique for measuring user ability and question difficulty and find that users tend to tackle harder questions as their ability grows. Interestingly, we also find that, while reputation is positively associated with risk-taking for users with very low reputation, the association becomes increasingly negative once the user’s reputation surpasses the community’s mean. Our third finding reveals the duality of the association between reputation and performance, which is positive when users tackle questions within their ability and negative when they reach beyond their expertise. Finally, we use a novel method to reveal the diamond-like shape of the correlation pattern between a user’s reputation and interests. We find that low-reputation users focus on a narrow set of introductory topics, medium-tier users have a wider spectrum of interests, and top-tier experts specialize on a small set of advanced topics. Our findings have important implications for online communities and reputation-based systems.

Influence Your Firm’s Resilience Through Its Reputation: Results Won’t Happen Overnight but they Will Happen!

Much of the reputation literature tends to approach the relationship between firms’ reputation and performance as one of a direct causal relationship. We propose here that to improve our understanding of corporate reputation it is necessary to re-conceptualise reputation as having a more indirect influence. We highlight that reputation acts as a source of resilience which provides firms with an enhanced ability to adapt when faced with external difficulties as well as allowing the firm to rebound following a performance decline. Rather than relying on traditional measures of reputation, such as Fortune ratings, this research analysed the content of 10,582 Australian firms’ annual reports over 17 years to identify what senior executives communicate to their stakeholders. These results were then subjected to survival analysis which identified that firms with superior financial and service reputation tended to outperform firms without such standing, across three objective measures of financial performance.

I Love That Company: Look How Ethical, Prominent, and Efficacious It Is—A Triadic Organizational Reputation (TOR) Scale

Within the corporate social responsibility (CSR) research field, the construct of organizational reputation has been extensively scrutinized as a crucial mediator between the firm CSR engagement and valuable organizational outcomes. Yet, the existing literature on organizational reputation suffers from substantive divergence between the studies in terms of defining the construct’s domain, dimensional structure, and the methodological operationalization. The current study aims to refine the organizational reputation construct by reconciling varying theoretical perspectives within the construct’s definitional landscape, suggesting a holistic but parsimonious triadic view on the organizational reputation construct for customer stakeholders. Based on commonly used extant organizational reputation measures, we theoretically and empirically develop the customer-based triadic organizational reputation (TOR) scale and position it as a superordinate multidimensional construct (generalized favorability) influencing three distinct first-order dimensions: product and service efficacy, societal ethicality, and market prominence. Results show that the proposed triadic conceptualization of organizational reputation is theoretically defensible, and the resulting scale is cross-culturally generalizable and performs well compared with existing, longer measures of organizational reputation. Together, the organizational reputation model developed here suggests that, for cognitive economy and functional efficiency, customers will access a second-order reflective model of organizational reputation as the default implicit attitude (reputation as assessment), which in turn will activate reflections of the implicit attitude in the form of first-order dimensions (reputation as asset).

Client-based measure of the audit office reputation

Following the findings from marketing and management literature on corporate reputation, we develop a new proxy to measure the audit office reputation. We argue that the presence of reputable clients and their tenure with the audit office is an unbiased and strong testimony for audit office reputation. For a sample of 3,233 audit firm clients we find that our measure of audit office reputation is positively associated with audit fees and audit quality. We also show that the earnings of clients from audit offices with higher CBAR are valued higher, suggesting that the market perceives the reputation of such offices to be higher and the earnings of their clients to be more credible. This research is important since CBAR is a new and readily available measure of audit office quality that provides incremental explanatory power for audit fees and audit quality beyond previously available measures.

Client-based measure of the audit office reputation

Following the findings from marketing and management literature on corporate reputation, we develop a new proxy to measure the audit office reputation. We argue that the presence of reputable clients and their tenure with the audit office is an unbiased and strong testimony for audit office reputation. For a sample of 3,233 audit firm clients we find that our measure of audit office reputation is positively associated with audit fees and audit quality. We also show that the earnings of clients from audit offices with higher CBAR are valued higher, suggesting that the market perceives the reputation of such offices to be higher and the earnings of their clients to be more credible. This research is important since CBAR is a new and readily available measure of audit office quality that provides incremental explanatory power for audit fees and audit quality beyond previously available measures.

Konceptualni pristupi modeliranju korporativne reputacije

Based on the proven influence of corporate reputation on the business performance and market value of the company, primarily through positive impact on the attitudes and behavior of consumers and key stakeholders, the attention of scientists and practitioners dedicated to the modeling and measurement of corporate reputation increased. Scientists have not yet reached a consensus about the theoretical framework for managing and measuring reputation. The main point of differences in approaches are constituents of reputation - what reputation comprises and what are the antecedents and consequences of reputation. The paper contains an overview of the contemporary theoretical models of reputation, systematized in three main conceptual approaches: concept based on social expectations, concept based on 'corporate personality' and concept based on trust. Cultural or geographical determination of the model has a significant impact on the type and importance of the elements comprising the construct of reputation. The scientific discussion about the validity of the application of the same model for measuring reputation in various countries and cultural environments resulted in the necessity of adaptation of the model in order to be valid and comparable. Therefore, the paper presents a model for measurement of corporate reputation in Serbia, which contains six basic dimensions associated with 23 attributes identified by empirical research.

Combining reputation and QoS measures to improve cloud service composition

In order to provide a wide range of composite Cloud services, providers need to establish mutual agreements on large-scale distributed multi-cloud scenario. In such a way, providers can compose effective and efficient service workflows by taking resources of their own competitors and gain the capability to satisfy unexpected workload peaks. In this paper, we propose a reputation-based model capable to support the composition of complex Cloud services by taking into account both costs and measures of QoS which are collected by measuring both system measures and reputation feedbacks provided by the customers. The proposed model has been validated by a set of experimental results obtained by means of a number of simulations.

Mutual Reputation Based Trust Generator for Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network

Full-dimensional Integrated Networks such as Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network (SAGINet) are considered an encouraging concept, unfortunately, they are exposed to a wide range of attacks due to their high dynamic, self-organizing, distribution and time-varying characteristics. We believe that scheming a dependable trust generator can mitigate a large variety of attacks. In this paper we propose a mathematical interpretation approach that extracts an accurate reputation value from the cluster. The proposed reputation generator is powered by the objective listening log and the authentication log. The reputation measurement is more realistic since it uses the link quality estimation to exact the reputation index. The trust system exploits the reputation index to detect and prevent attacks and exploits the mutual reputation to serve for the pathrater and network optimization.

Enhanced User Context-Aware Reputation Measurement of Multimedia Service

Reputation plays an important role for users in choosing or paying for multimedia applications or services. Some efficient multimedia reputation-measurement approaches have been proposed to achieve accurate reputation measurement based on feedback ratings that users give to a multimedia service after invoking. However, the implementation of these approaches suffers from the problems of wide abuse and low utilization of user context. In this article, we study the relationship between user context and feedback ratings according to which one user often gives different feedback ratings to the same multimedia service in different user contexts. We further propose an enhanced user context-aware reputation-measurement approach for multimedia services that is accurate in two senses: (1) Each multimedia service has three reputation values with three different user context levels when its feedback ratings are sufficient and (2) the reputation of a multimedia service with different user context levels is found using user context sensitivity and user similarity when its feedback ratings are limited or not available. Experimental results based on a real-world dataset show that our approach outperforms other approaches in terms of accuracy.

Trusted services identification in the cloud environment using the topological metrics

The trust and reputation in cloud computing are always made only if enough services and expectations are attained. Also, it is a rental for the exploitation of information technology assets and resources. Therefore, this paper evaluates the reputation values and identifies the trusted services in the Cloud environments. The reputation value is evaluated using three parameters including accessibility, dependability, and ability. Also, we propose a method for the trusted service using three topological metrics, including in-degree, out-degree and reputation measures. The proposed method has been evaluated in different challenging situations where the obtained results show that the accuracy of the proposed method using the advice of the trusted service providers is increased.