Measles Infection Research Articles

Time Series Analysis with Application in Public Health and Biomedical Data

The paper gives a overview of time series modeling and forecasting, using multiplicative SARIMA models, with application in assessing and forecasting of epidemiological data. After presenting of the main models and the methodological issues used in Box-Jenkins approach, the paper presents two case studies having as subject the modeling and forecasting of the cumulative number of individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS, in Singapore, from 24 February to 7 May 2003, and the measles infections, in Great Britain, 1971-1994, quarterly recorded. For the last series an example of intervention analysis, using as the exogenous data the measles infections, and as endogenous variable the number of vaccinated persons, in the same time period, is presented, proved to be a useful approach, when the time series is affected by the effect of population vaccination.

The Incidence of Measles Infection in Southern Vietnam during COVID-19 Pandemic

The paper presents data on measles cases identified in 18 provinces of South Vietnam (SV) in 2020, during the active phase of the pandemic of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV2. The measles virus actively circulated in SV in the first months of 2020: the average measles incidence rate was 1.27 per 100,000 population. Children under 5 years of age dominated in the age structure (71%). The vast majority of cases are people who have not been vaccinated against measles, as well as people who do not have information about vaccinations; in total, their share was 97.4%, but there were vaccinated and revaccinated individuals among the sick. Significantly more often, IgM-measles antibodies were recorded in samples obtained from the city of Can Tho, (n=57) where the infectious diseases hospital is located, receiving patients from neighboring regions of the SV. The largest number of measles cases were also recorded in the provinces of Dong Thap (n=57), Hao Glang (n=62) and Ho Chi Minh City (n=15). That is, residents of large cities, industrial and the medical centers were primarily involved in the measles epidemic process. A sharp decrease in the incidence of measles has been shown since April 2020, when measures to limit the spread of COVID-19 were introduced in SV. It should be noted that violations of vaccination associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, after the lifting of sanitary and epidemiological restrictions, may lead to increased morbidity and the development of measles outbreaks in Vietnam and other countries involved in the pandemic. Therefore, preventing future outbreaks will require strengthening measles surveillance and control measures to achieve its elimination.

A Measles Outbreak in Riyadh in 2023: Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics.

Background Measles is a highly contagious viral disease that has recently made headlines due to outbreaks in several parts of the world. The disease can cause serious health complications, especially in young children, which has led to concerns about vaccination rates and public health policies. This study aims to investigate and describe the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of measles infection among children in Riyadh. Methodology We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among all pediatric patients with confirmed measles infection at a tertiary hospital from January 15, 2023, to March 15, 2023. We collected data including demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, and clinical outcomes. Results A total of 63 confirmed measles cases were reported. Most patients were under four years of age (82.7%), and 85.7% were unvaccinated. Adenovirus was the most common viral coinfection (12.7%). The most common complication was pneumonia (58.7%). Chest X-ray findings reported a localized right parenchymal infiltrate in 19% of patients and a patchy bilateral infiltrate in 15.9% of patients. In addition, 88.9% required hospital admission secondary to dehydration (47.6%) and hypoxia (41.3%). Among admitted patients, 17.5% were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), 9.5% were admitted due to respiratory failure, and 6.3% due to septic shock. Children under one year of age had a higher risk for PICU admission (p < 0.05). The mortality rate was 1.6%. Conclusions Measles is a serious disease that causes significant health effects and incurs high financial costs for public health systems. Vaccination remains the most effective way to prevent measles outbreaks and reduce their impact on individuals and communities.

Muhtemelen Atlanılan Bir Tanı: Rubeola Lenfadeniti, Yeniden Alarm Veren Bir Salgın

Because Rubeola (measles) infection is not observed in our country after eradication and is especially on the agenda again after migrations, pathologists may find it challenging to histopathologically recognize cases of Rubeola lymphadenitis and establish an accurate diagnosis. Here we describe the histopathological features of a rare Rubeola case. A 15-year-old Syrian migrant male patient was admitted with a complaint of lymph node swelling in the postauricular region for 2 months. Lymph node excision was performed with a preliminary diagnosis of lymphoma. The excised lymph node was subjected to a routine pathological examination in our clinic. Histopathological examination revealed that the basic structure was preserved under the thick fibrous capsule in the lymph node. Warthin-Finkeldey-type giant cells attracted attention in the interfollicular areas. The appearance compatible with lymphoproliferative neoplasia was not detected. The relevant clinic was informed that there were histological signs of Rubeola lymphadenitis upon detection of Rubeola IgM positivity in the examination, the case was evaluated as Rubeola infection. Rubeola was a common deadly infectious disease in the past century before the vaccine was developed. Today, there has been an epidemic again due to vaccine hesitancy, migration, and sociocultural conditions. Because it is exceptionally rare, we hope that the case we present will provide insights to pathologists for recognizing cases of Rubeola lymphadenitis and making precise diagnoses.

Steroid use in measles: A retrospective cohort study during the 2017 outbreak in tertiary referral center, Rome and Latina, Italy

IntroductionSince early January 2017, a new measles outbreak in Italy has been observed. The aim of the study was to compare features between adults and children measles cases and evaluate the effect of steroid treatment on the above parameters. MethodsA retrospective multicenter, descriptive study was performed. We analyzed all patients admitted to the Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome and Latina, from January 2017 to December 2017 and discharged with diagnosis of measles. ResultsWe identified 113 patients discharged with the diagnosis of measles infection cases of which 59 adults and 54 children (≤16 years). In adult population 32 patients (54 %) were males, with a median age of 30.5 years old and all unvaccinated (100 %). Keratoconjunctivitis 30 (50 %) was the most frequent complication. In pediatric population 27 (50 %) patients were males, with a median age of 3 years old. Information on measles vaccination status was available for only 21 (38.8 %) of cases. Keratoconjunctivitis 40 (74 %) was the most frequent complication. Analyzing the differences between adult and pediatric patients we found that children were significantly more likely to have keratoconjunctivitis and diarrhea as complications than adults in which the rate of thrombocytopenia and hepatitis was highest. Thirty-nine adult subjects (66 %) have been treated with systemic corticosteroids. ConclusionsPediatric patients differ from adults in complications and liver involvement. Regarding steroids use, although there is no clear indication of steroid use during measles, there is no evidence of a worse outcome in our cases series.

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: current threat

The relevance of this problem is associated with a predicted increased incidence of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, a steadily progressive and difficult to diagnose fatal brain disease. Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis develops after measles and it does not correlate with clinical type of an acute measles infection: it affects both persons with manifest measles and ones who have had an asymptomatic or abortive disease. WHO estimates the incidence of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis as 4–11 per 100,000 measles cases. The latency period from measles to the onset of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is between 2.5 and 34 years. As a result of measles outbreaks in 2011–2014 and 2017–2019 an increase in the number of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis cases in Russia is expected soon. Diagnostic difficulties are caused by multiplicity of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis clinical manifestation and the absence of MRI changes in early stages. Thereby, it is important to exclude SSPE in patients with neurological symptoms. Screening tests for subacute sclerosing panencephalitis should be conducted in children with acute cognitive impairment, myoclonus, or a new onset of epileptic syndrome. The specific cure for subacute sclerosing panencephalitis has not been developed yet. Most treatments aim at reducing symptoms. Up to date, the only way to conquer this disease is routine measles vaccination.

Measles and Homoeopathic Approach

One of the most widespread viruses that can infect youngsters is the measles. Preschoolers are particularly susceptible, and it is typically seen in the winter and spring. Before the vaccine was developed in 1963, there were 500 fatalities and 3–4 million cases of measles annually in the US. Due to immunisation, there have been much fewer measles infections in recent years. The illness hasn't been totally eliminated, though. For many years, homoeopathy has been shown to be successful in both preventing and treating measles, and several cases have amply demonstrated this. Early on in a sickness, homoeopathic remedies are helpful. Our homoeopathic treatment boosts our immune system, protecting us from the catastrophic repercussions of the measles in addition to treating the disease.

Atypical early presentation of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in children: A case series

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of children and young adults that may occur as an uncommon complication 7–10 years after a measles infection. In measles – endemic countries like India, the incidence of this fatal disease is high and more number of new cases are detected in recent times. In this case series, we have presented three cases of SSPE between the 4 and 5 years age group, presented with abnormal movement and neuroregression and diagnosed by characteristic clinical features, raised anti-measles antibody titer in CSF, and typical Electroencephalography findings. All of them had a history of measles infection before the vaccination and very short latency period between measles infection and the development of SSPE. They were discharged in stable condition after the treatment with oral Isoprinosine and intrathecal Interferon alfa 2b. Early age of presentation, short latency period, and apparently good response to treatment for the time being prompted us to present these cases.

Measles vaccine uptake among Italian medical students compared to the pre-COVID-19 era

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected health systems worldwide and raised the issue of vaccine hesitancy. In 2022, the World Health Organization reported an outbreak of measles infection among people over 20 years of age in the European Region. Previous studies found low rates of measles immunization among Italian healthcare workers (HCWs) and medical students. Vaccine hesitancy is a relevant cause of low immunization rate among HCWs and the general population. We aim to evaluate the measles vaccine uptake among medical students of a large teaching hospital, compared to the pre-pandemic period. This is a retrospective observational study, that evaluated the immune status and the vaccine acceptance rate for measles in medical students at the University of Tor Vergata, Rome, who underwent occupational health surveillance from 1 January to 1 December 2022. We also compared the data with the results of a pre-pandemic survey conducted in 2018. Vaccine uptake among unprotected medical students was 59.5%. The data showed no significant difference in vaccine uptake compared with the pre-COVID-19 period. Conversely, the rate of serologically immune subjects to measles increased from 89.66% in 2018 to 97.45% in 2022 as a result of the recent mandatory vaccination policy. Despite efforts to tackle vaccine hesitancy during the COVID-19 pandemic, measles vaccine uptake is still low among young adults starting their medical training, and their compliance with free workplace vaccination offers is suboptimal. Occupational health services should raise awareness among workers and work together to implement strategies to achieve comprehensive measles vaccination coverage among occupational health workers.

Parents' Attitudes towards Vaccinations Regarding the Ukrainian Migration to Poland in 2022.

Background: Russia's aggression against Ukraine in early 2022 resulted in a large migration of refugees to many countries, including Poland. Vaccination coverage for some infectious diseases in Ukraine is lower than in Poland; consequently, the incidence of infectious diseases-including measles, poliomyelitis, tuberculosis, and COVID-19-is higher. We aimed to investigate whether the migration of Ukrainians had influenced decisions of Polish parents on having their children vaccinated and to examine their attitudes towards vaccinations. Material and methods: A cross-sectional online survey study was designed. Data on parents' demographics, attitudes toward vaccination, and knowledge of the current epidemiological situation in Poland were collected. Parents participating in the study were divided into two subgroups for further analysis according to their decisions to have their children vaccinated. Results: A total of 568 questionnaires were collected, of which 21 did not meet the inclusion criteria for the analysis (respondents were not parents). The Ukrainian immigrants' influx affected 54 (9.87%) participants in their decision of having their children vaccinated. Respondents in this group were more likely to have a positive attitude toward recommended vaccinations (p = 0.0428); in addition, they more often had their children vaccinated with recommended vaccinations (p = 0.0063), believed the vaccination coverage with mandatory vaccinations was higher in Poland than in Ukraine (p = 0.0014), and believed the incidence of diseases covered by mandatory (p = 0.0472) and recommended (p = 0.0097) vaccinations was higher in Ukraine. In addition, parents who declared that the migration had affected their decision regarding their children's vaccinations had more often been vaccinated due to the influx of Ukrainian immigrants (p < 0.00001) and were more likely to be aware of how migration had impacted the current epidemiological situation in Poland (p = 0.0021). Moreover, the survey more often made these participants think about getting additional vaccinations for themselves (p < 0.0001) and their children (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The Ukrainian immigrants' influx affected nearly one tenth of surveyed parents in their decision of having their children vaccinated. This group was more aware of the differences between infectious diseases' epidemiology in Poland and Ukraine. In addition, they also had a more positive attitude toward vaccinations.

Measles Infection and Vaccination Status against Measles in Children during 2019-2020: A Hospital Based Study in Chattogram

Background: Despite widespread availability of a safe and cost-effective vaccine, Measles outbreak is reported from different regions of Bangladesh in the recent past. This study was aimed to Identify the related features of Measles infection in children during the upsurge of Measles infection in Chattogram during 2019-2020, when Bangladesh was about to achieve Measles elimination.&#x0D; Materials and methods: This prospective observational study included all the Measles infected children admitted in the Pediatric Ward of Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chattogram during the period from September 2019-February 2020. In this hospital patients up to 12 years after neonatal period are admitted. Patients whose guardian did not give consent were excluded. Measles cases were diagnosed clinically according to case definition criteria by WHO. Demographic, clinical features, Measles vaccination status of both affected children &amp; their mother and associated complications were recorded in a predesigned form. Data were analyzed and results were given in a tabulated form. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of Measles infection and their vaccination status in children during its upsurge in 2019-2020.&#x0D; Results: Affected children 13(20%) were suffered in spite of vaccination. Among the 65 affected children 44 (67.6%) were below one year of age, youngest one was 2 months old. Male to female ratio was 1.8:1. 80% (n=52) children were not vaccinated, 35 of them not yet attained the age of vaccination. 17 children attained the age but vaccination was delayed due to cough and cold, fever, bronchopneumonia or Measles itself. Complications were common among them, Bronchopneumonia 47 (72.3%) and Purulent conjunctivitis 38 (58.5%). There was no case fatality.&#x0D; Conclusion: Children are being affected by Measles before attaining the age of first dose of vaccination and incompletely vaccinated or unvaccinated children have a role in the upsurge of Measles.&#x0D; Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.22 (1); January 2023; Page 33-37

A fractional derivative modeling study for measles infection with double dose vaccination

This study proposes a novel mathematical framework to study the spread dynamics of diseases. A measles model is developed by dividing the vaccinated compartment into the vaccinated-with-the-first-dose and the-second-dose populations. The model parameters are estimated using the genetic algorithm for measles transmission based on monthly cumulative measles data in Indonesia. The threshold is determined to measure a population’s potential spread of measles. The stability of the equilibria is investigated, and the sensitivity analysis is then presented to find the most dominant parameter on the spread of measles. We extend the classical model into Atangana–Baleanu Caputo (ABC) derivative and consider the effects of the first and second vaccination doses on susceptible and exposed individuals. These outcomes are based on the different fractional parameter values and can be utilized to identify significant disease-control strategies. The yields are graphically exhibited to support our results. The overall finding suggests that taking preventive measures has a significant influence on limiting the spread of measles in the population. Increasing vaccination coverage, in particular, will reduce the number of infected individuals, thereby lowering the disease burden in the population.

Serological Evaluation for Measles among Italian and Foreign Medical Students in a University Hospital in Rome.

Measles infection in the hospital setting is a major issue. Despite the availability of an effective vaccine, measles outbreaks continue to occur in some European countries. We aimed to evaluate the immunological status of medical students attending the Tor Vergata Polyclinic (PTV). Measles antibodies titers were assessed by venipuncture on a sample of 2717 medical students who underwent annual health surveillance visits from January 2021 to March 2023. Subjects showing serum IgG values above 1.0 S/CO were considered serologically protected. Personal data, country of origin, and main demographic characteristic were also collected. 66.7% (1467 Italian and 346 foreign) of medical students showed protective IgG antibodies levels. Female students were serologically immune more frequently than males (68.6% vs. 63.3%; p < 0.01 at Chi2). The mean antibody titer was 1.72 S/CO, significantly higher in females than males (1.67 vs. 1.75, respectively; p < 0.05), and significantly related to age (p < 0.01). Albanian students, who were the largest foreign population in our study, showed a low serological protection rate (40/90: 44.4%). The proportion of serologically non-immune students is high, raising concerns about the possible risk of hospital transmission. Substantial differences in the rate of immunity have been found between subjects coming from different parts of Europe and the world. Pre-training assessment of all medical students and vaccination of susceptible individuals is highly recommended, particularly for those from low immunization rate countries.

Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis Mimicking Posterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke

Abstract Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that develops 2–10 years after a measles infection. The diagnosis is possible through history, electroencephalography findings, and measles antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is also an assistive tool in the diagnosis. The typical presentation of the disease on MRI is the bilateral, asymmetric lesions in the periventricular and subcortical areas. Brainstem involvement is uncommon. We describe a 12-year-old boy who was initially diagnosed with posterior circulation ischemic stroke with left cerebellar peduncle diffusion restriction, treated with low molecular weight heparin, and later found to have SSPE. His follow-up MRI in 2 months showed massive cerebral cortical and white matter destruction although his first MRI with cerebellar peduncle diffusion restriction initially revealed almost normal cerebral cortex and white matter. Brainstem involvement with diffusion restriction helps expand the radiological spectrum of SSPE.

Outbreak of measles: threatening India’s goal to achieve elimination

Outbreak of measles: threatening India’s goal to achieve elimination

Resurgence of measles infection among children: findings from a surveillance-based population study

Background There has been a resurgence of measles infection in countries with high vaccination rates, including Malaysia. Understanding the geographical variation in measles resurgence and associated factors is important for measles prevention and control programs, especially where local information is scarce.&#x0D; Objective To determine the incidence of laboratory-confirmed measles infection and associated factors in the state of Melaka, in the southern region of Malaysia.&#x0D; Methods We obtained measles surveillance data for 4 years (January 2015 to December 2018) from the e-Measles national database. A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out on these data involving children who had been selected through convenience sampling.&#x0D; Results A total of 130 laboratory-confirmed measles cases and 213 non-measles cases were included in the study. Among the laboratory-confirmed cases, 56 (43.1%) had not been vaccinated against measles virus. Thirty-eight cases (51.4%) had received at least one dose of measles vaccine, while 36 cases (48.6%) had completed two doses of measles vaccination. There was a higher risk of contracting laboratory-confirmed measles among unvaccinated children (OR 19.39, 95%CI 8.82 to 42.6, P&lt;0.001) and children aged 8–18 years (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.76, P=0.005)&#x0D; Conclusion Unvaccinated children and children aged 8–18 years have a higher risk of contracting laboratory-confirmed measles. The policy on routine immunization should be strengthened, the vaccine should be accessible to all children, and all children and adolescents should be given booster vaccinations.

Examining the Prevailing Negative Sentiments Surrounding Measles Vaccination: Unsupervised Deep Learning of Twitter Posts from 2017 to 2022.

Despite the proven safety and clinical efficacy of the Measles vaccine, many countries are seeing new heights of vaccine hesitancy or refusal, and are experiencing a resurgence of measles infections as a consequence. With the use of novel machine learning tools, we investigated the prevailing negative sentiments related to Measles vaccination through an analysis of public Twitter posts over a 5-year period. We extracted original tweets using the search terms related to "measles" and "vaccine," and posted in English from January 1, 2017, to December 15, 2022. Of these, 155,363 tweets were identified to be negative sentiment tweets from unique individuals, through the use of Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) Named Entity Recognition and SieBERT, a pretrained sentiment in English analysis model. This was followed by topic modeling and qualitative thematic analysis performed inductively by the study investigators. A total of 11 topics were generated after applying BERTopic. To facilitate a global discussion of results, the topics were grouped into four different themes through iterative thematic analysis. These include (a) the rejection of "anti-vaxxers" or antivaccine sentiments, (b) misbeliefs and misinformation regarding Measles vaccination, (c) negative transference due to COVID-19 related policies, and (d) public reactions to contemporary Measles outbreaks. Theme 1 highlights that the current public discourse may further alienate those who are vaccine hesitant because of the disparaging language often used, while Themes 2 and 3 highlight the typology of misperceptions and misinformation underlying the negative sentiments related to Measles vaccination and the psychological tendency of disconfirmation bias. Nonetheless, the analysis was based solely on Twitter and only tweets in English were included; hence, the findings may not necessarily generalize to non-Western communities. It is important to further understand the thinking and feeling of those who are vaccine hesitant to address the issues at hand.

Seroepidemiology of measles in immune generation in Taiwan: Prevalence of neutralizing antibody and immune response to reimmunization.

Secondary vaccine failure was the principal mechanic of measles reemergence in countries with high measles vaccine coverage. The information on neutralizing antibody (nAb) prevalence, epidemiological factors of waned immunity and immune response after reimmunization was essential to measles control but largely lacking in Taiwan. The nAb and factors of wanned immunity to measles were evaluated in a cohort of 333 subjects aged 11-30 years in 2010. The longitudinal immune response to reimmunization (n=30) and potential virus exposure (n=24) were assessed in young healthcare workers (HCWs) during a hospital outbreak. The nAb titer was used to define susceptibility to measles disease (<120 mIU/mL) and infection (120-900 mIU/mL). In the 2010 cohort, the susceptibility to measles diseases and infections was respectively identified in 35 (10.5%) and 226 (67.9%) subjects. A generalized linear model identified earlier ages of first immunization in childhood (P=0.0214) and subjects aged ≥18 years (versus <18 years, P=0.0425) as significant factors associated with lower nAb titers. Reimmunization of 30 seronegative HCWs resulted in seroconversion for all, with nAb titers significantly rising on day 5, peaking on day 15 and declining in month 4 post-immunization. Similar measles-specific IgG levels were observed in 24 seropositive HCWs before and 4 months after measles contact (P=0.2352). A lack of protective immunity to measles diseases might be identified in 10% of the Taiwanese population aged 11-30 years and associated with a trend toward earlier ages of the first measles vaccination. The wanned immunity can be boosted promptly by reimmunization but with uncertain durability.

Identical tau filaments in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and chronic traumatic encephalopathy

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) occurs in some individuals after measles infection, following a symptom-free period of several years. It resembles chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), which happens after repetitive head impacts or exposure to blast waves, following a symptom-free period. As in CTE, the neurofibrillary changes of SSPE are concentrated in superficial cortical layers. Here we used electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) of tau filaments from two cases of SSPE to show that the tau folds of SSPE and CTE are identical. Two types of filaments were each made of two identical protofilaments with an extra density in the β-helix region. Like in CTE, the vast majority of tau filaments were Type I, with a minority of Type II filaments. These findings suggest that the CTE tau fold can be caused by different environmental insults, which may be linked by inflammatory changes.

Measles Outbreak Investigation in Garda Marta District, Southwestern Ethiopia, 2022: Community-Based Case-Control Study.

A measles outbreak can occur in the presence of an increased number of unvaccinated children; however, the vaccine was available many decades ago, and it is the foremost cause of child mortality, claiming 568 lives (mostly children) worldwide each day. The investigation was aimed at assessing the magnitude and identifying contributing factors for the measles outbreak in the Garda Marta District of Gamo Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia. From January 20 to February 10, 2022, a descriptive and unmatched case-control study was used to describe the measles outbreak and identify the associated risk factors for measles infection. The descriptive analysis employed all 140 cases from the line list, while the case-control study used 51 cases and 102 controls to investigate factors associated with measles infection. Epi-data version 4.6.0.6 was used to code and enter data, which was then exported to SPSS version 27 for analysis. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect data. To declare statistical significance for the association, multivariable logistic regression with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% CI was used. From a total of 140 measles cases reported from October 12, 2021, to March 09, 2022, 75 (54%) were females. Marta Laddo kebele was most affected (104 cases). Being unvaccinated (AOR: 2.84, 95% CI: 1.10-7.32), having a travel history (AOR: 4.24, 95% CI: 1.61-11.15), having a contact history (AOR: 6.34, 95% CI: 2.35-17.40), being unaware of the mode of transmission (AOR: 2.68, 95% CI: 1.16-6.37), and having moderate acute malnutrition (AOR: 4.44, 95% CI: 1.74-11.31) were factors significantly associated with the measles outbreak. Being unvaccinated, travel history to measles outbreak area, contact history, knowledge of caretakers/mothers on the mode of transmission, and acute malnutrition were associated with the measles outbreak in the district. Therefore, strengthening routine measles immunization, mounting vaccination awareness and nutritional screening are recommended.