Meaning Of Verb Research Articles

Prefigované ekvivalenty francúzskych verb percepcie v slovenčine

The presented article deals with the translation of verbs of perception from French into Slovak in the novel Passing Timeby M. Butor. The focus, in particular, is on the numerous Slovak prefix equivalents of these French non-prefixed verbs. The main goal is the analysis of their meanings. We will observe how the prefix, in addition to changing the imperfect form into the perfect one, modifies the meaning of the basic verb of perception and thus fulfils its lexical-perfective function. We assume that most of the initial non-prefixed verbs in the French source language will be in the compound past tense - passé composé. The partial goal of the research is to find out which prefixes are ​​the most productive in terms of verbal word formation by prefixing. We have found out that in the majority of cases, the prefix not only fulfils a grammatical function, but also has a lexical function that significantly modifies the meaning of the basic non-prefixed verb. For example, it enriches the verb with the meanings of the beginning of the action.

Introduction and General

Introduction and General Christopher T. Begg, Thomas Hieke, Andrew W. Litke, Andrew D. Gross, Randy C. Payne, Isaac Kalimi, Brent A. Strawn, Joseph E. Jensen, and Richard A. Taylor 931. [Aspect, Communicative Appeal, and Temporal Meaning in BH Verbal Forms] Ulf Bergström, Aspect, Communicative Appeal, and Temporal Meaning in Biblical Hebrew Verbal Forms (Linguistic Studies 16; University Park, PA: Eisenbrauns, 2022). Pp. xiv + 215. $94.95. ISBN 978-1-64602-140-6. The back cover of B.'s volume presents this account of B.'s monograph: This book provides a new explanation of what has long been a challenge for scholars of Biblical Hebrew (BH): how to understand the expression of verbal tense and aspect. Working from a representative text corpus, combined with database queries of specific usages and surveys of examples discussed in the scholarly literature, B. gives a comprehensive overview of the semantic meanings of the verbal forms, along with a significant sample of the variation of pragmatically inferred tense, aspect, or modality (TAM) meanings. B. applies diachronic typology and a redefined concept of aspect to demonstrate that BH verbal forms have basic aspectual and derived temporal meanings and that communicative appeal, the action-triggering function of language, affects verbal semantics and promotes the diversification of tense meanings. B.'s overarching explanation of the semantic development of the BH verbal system is an important contribution to the study of the evolution of the verbal system and the meanings of individual verbs in the Hebrew Bible. … [adapted] B.'s monograph consists of a total of six chapters titled respectively: (1) Introduction; (2) Comments on the State of Research; (3) A Theory of Aspect and Tense; (4) Progressive and Resultative Verbs in Biblical Hebrew; (5) Communicative Appeal and the Semantics of the Biblical Hebrew Verb; and (6) Conclusion. [End Page 325] At the conclusion of his introduction, B. offers this "summary" of the aim and main contribution of his project: The aim of the present study is to provide a semantic description of the BH verbal forms that explains their temporal meanings. Section 1.1 gives a background to the problem by exemplifying the abundance of diverging suggestions about what grammatical terms to use for a specific form. As a major factor in the controversy, I point to the lack of a common theoretical basis, especially regarding the central notion of aspect. An important contribution toward a solution is, I argue, provided by the socalled grammaticalization approach, according to which it is possible to classify BH verbal forms into cross-linguistic verbal types and reconstruct how their various meanings have developed along two main diachronic pathways in accordance with universal principles. The two specific pathways that I find relevant for BH run from progressive to future and from resultative to past; that is, from what I call "aspectual" to temporal meanings. Qotel and yiqtol-L belong to the progressive pathway, whereas qatal and yiqtol-S belong to the resultative. … [p. 21, adapted—C.T.B.] 932. [The Aramaic Book of Ahiqar] Seth A. Bledsoe, The Wisdom of the Aramaic Book of Ahiqar. Unravelleing a Discourse of Uncertainty and Distress (JSJSup 199; Leiden/Boston: Brill, 2021). Pp. x + 455. $166. ISBN 978-90-04-47312-6. B.'s book offers fresh readings of the Aramaic Book of Ahiqar, an often under-appreciated ancient wisdom text. In undertaking a comprehensive literary analysis, incorporating both the drama and the sayings together, B. shows that Ahiqar's didactic impulse is founded on a sense of uncertainty about life, offering advice for those in times of distress, much like the titular character himself. While Ahiqar shares many features with biblical instructional literature like Proverbs, the ambiguous cosmic and social order imagined in the text resonates more strongly with the likes of Qoheleth or Job. B. also takes seriously the book's Elephantine context, suggesting that the social and political ethic evinced by the work would have resonated strongly with the Judean community in Achaemenid Egypt. B.'s work unfolds starting with an introduction that is followed by a series of seven chapters, titled respectively, (1) Locating Ahiqar: Materiality, Language, and Intertextuality; (2) Unravelling Ahiqar: Narratology and Discourse in the Story...

The Meaning of Causative Verbs

In this article the author analyzed the background of causation in linguocognitive aspect. The author compared causative verbs in two languages by translating sentences from English to Uzbek

Aspectual Coercion and Lexical Semantics Part 1: Using Selection to Describe the Interaction between Construction and Verb Meaning

Abstract Coercion is an inferential strategy used to resolve conflict between an operator and its argument. Such conflicts are resolved in favor of the semantic requirements of the operator (Talmy, 2000). Jackendoff (1997) and De Swart (1998), among others, represent coercion through type-shifting operators that intervene between an aspectual operator and its situation-type argument, ensuring that the argument is of the appropriate type for the operator. This framework has a mapping problem: the rules that it uses to represent aspectual-type shifts simply replace one aspectual type (the input) with another (the output), so it does not explain how the input representation constrains the output representation. This article offers a solution to the mapping problem: treating aspectual type shifts as operations on the decomposed semantic representations of verbs. I will show that two such operations can capture both implicit and explicit aspectual type-shifts in English, involving both tense constructions and aspectual constructions.

Variety of languages and strategies for submitting verbal and nonverbal meanings in the film doraemon stand by me 1 & 2

Doraemon Stand by Me 1 & 2 film. Japan and this film using animated images make researchers want to analyze and examine strategies for conveying verbal and nonverbal meanings with the variety of children's languages found in the study. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach and descriptive analysis techniques. The data sources in this study are the first and second Doraemon Stand by Me films. The research data used are thirty-nine data. The results of the study found that the variety of children's languages used in the film Doraemon Stand by Me 1 & 2 were shown using 10 suffixes, namely Yo, Wa, Ne, Na, Zo, Ya, Mon, Kke, I, No in the children's language variety in Indonesia. in Japanese based on the theory from Takahashi Tarou. Verbal and nonverbal meanings in films are conveyed using three strategies, namely aspects of speech and images, aspects of images and sound effects, and aspects of images and writing. Of these three strategies, the speech and image aspects were found, then the image and sound effects aspects were found, and the image and writing aspects were the least found. The strategy of conveying meaning is easier to understand and can have a psychological impact on the audience such as sad, happy, tense, and others to make the audience entertained. Keywords: Doraemon Stand by Me, Variety of Languages, Verbal Meaning, and Nonverbal Meaning

Вербалізація спонукальної модальності в прозових творах для дітей: семантика і прагматика

Introduction. Children's literature is a special type of literature that combines aesthetic, didactic, and educational functions. The language of works for children is as closely related as possible to the implementation of these functions, which are aimed at the formation of a complete, independent, empathic personality. Imperative sentences play an important role at all stages of the development of a child's language competence. Purpose. The article aims to investigate the peculiarities of the verbalization of the imperative modality in prose for children, to determine which (non)specialized syntactic means for expressing the imperative modality are emphasized in prose works for children, the conditions of their actualization, which modifiers of the semantic-syntactic structure are used. Methods. Descriptive and interpretive methods were used to achieve the goal, and partly quantitative methods were used. Results. The Ukrainian language has developed a set of specialized and non-specialized means of verbalizing the imperative modality. The current importance of this or that syntactic means of verbalization of motivational modality in prose language for children depends on the age of the child. The most used one in the language of prose for children is the semantic-syntactic structure with a verbal predicate expressed in the imperative form. Prose works for children also use imperative nominative, vocative sentences and imperative sentences with a non-verbalized predicate of the adverbial and object type, but numerically, their use is infrequent. Besides, the use of simple imperative sentences with homogeneous members and the use of composite imperative sentences are also infrequent. Sporadic use of complex sentences or with different types of linking help to gradually develop the child's cognitive and evaluative abilities. Personal pronominal noun, modifiers (filler words, particles, addressing personally, exclamations) in imperative sentences strengthen / weaken its variant meaning, add additional shades of meaning to the main meaning of the statement or a separate component. The results of the research will be useful for editors of prose works for preschoolers and children of primary school age. Conclusion. In the language of prose for children, only specialized means of verbalization of the imperative modality are used, among which the semantic-syntactic structure with a verbalized predicate expressed in the imperative form is the most used. Imperative nominative, vocative sentences and imperative sentences with non-verbalized predicate of adverbial and object type, simple imperative sentences with homogeneous members, composite imperative sentences are sporadically used. We see the prospects for further scientific research in the following: to investigate the verbalization of the imperative modality on a wider empirical material, to trace the dynamics of the actualization of specialized and non-specialized means of verbalization of the imperative modality in prose works for children of different ages and in spontaneous children's speech, to propose a classification of children's expressions of the imperative modality.

Вторичные значения глаголов движения с невыраженной ориентацией в хакасском языке

Вторичные значения глаголов движения с невыраженной ориентацией в хакасском языке

About Evolution of the Semantics of Some Old Bulgarian Verbs with a Prefix

The article is dedicated to the problem of the existence of the empty prefixes the Old Bulgarian language. The linguistic material is collected from dictionaries and archives. Althought the research, by its nature, is interdisciplinary the main method is linguistic. The object of study are several verbs which form aspectual pairs (лѫчт : раꙁлѫчт; сѣшт : прѣсѣшт; ст : прост; любт : въꙁлюст). On theoretical perspective, the analysis of the article is based on the use of the Wey-Schoneveld effect, nowadays widely spread in Russian aspectology. The main purpose of the article is to analyze that prefixes which in the verbal derivation change only aspectual meaning of the imperfective verb. According to the fact that the prefix becomes aspectual when its semantic is similar to the semantic of the original verb (Wey-Schoneveld effect), we are trying to discover approaches when the polysemantic has made that semantic connection difficult to feel. Sometimes, in order to reveal the semantic relationship between the prefix on the one hand and the imperfect verb on the other, we need deep knowledge of the nature of the phenomenon that this verb names.

Analysis of the Meaning of Hand Verbs in Xianfeng Dialect

Analysis of the Meaning of Hand Verbs in Xianfeng Dialect

Деривационные семантические изменения в смысловой структуре немецких глаголов движения в публицистическом жанре «комментарий»

The paper analyses the process of formation of derivational figurative meanings in the meaning structure of the most commonly used German motion verbs “gehen”, “laufen”, “kommen” in the publicistic genre of commentary. The analysis is based on the methodology of identifying integral and differential features that realise the categorical lexical seme MOVEMENT IN SPACE. The research findings reflect the patterns of changes of a derivational nature occurring in the meaning structure of the German motion verbs “gehen”, “laufen”, “kommen”, contain relevant features that determine the analysed semantic changes. The aim of the research is to identify the causes and patterns of formation of figurative meanings as a result of derivational changes in the meaning structure of unprefixed German verbs of motion in publicistic texts related to the commentary genre. The research is novel in that it is the first to carry out a comprehensive analysis of figurative meanings of German unprefixed verbs of motion within the framework of semantic derivation using the material of publicistic texts.

Features of Moral Education in English Linguoculture

The article deals with the concept of morality in English linguoculture. The analysis shows that the concept of «morality» covers concepts that reflect the value ideas of the British people about what is moral and ethical in society. In the process of analyzing the means of verbalization of the concept «morality» in speech, we have identified the following lexical units that represent the concept - good, goodness, responsibility, code of conduct, love, patience, etc. The results of the study indicate that «morality» in the English linguoculture is associated with such concepts as – compliance with the norms of behavior and the law, love, patience, intelligence, awareness, dignity, honesty. Associative components of certain qualities are the following: reliability, willpower, decency, nobility, benevolence, etc..

Агрессор и Жертва в женском политическом дискурсе (на примере речей Лауры Чинчильи Миранды)

The article is devoted to the study of the features of constructing the image of “victim” and “aggressor” in the political speeches of the former President of the Republic of Costa Rica. The purpose of this study is to analyze the created “typology of victims and aggressors”, to determine the means of verbalization of these images, as well as to determine the manipulative strategies and tactics which are implemented by the speaker. The material was the speeches delivered by Laura Chinchilla during her presidency from 2010 to 2014; 12 speeches were analyzed in total. The relevance of the study is due to the low level of knowledge of such a phenomenon as the “victim-aggressor” dichotomy and its specific manifestations in terms of the speaker’s intentions within the framework of the female political discourse of Latin America. During the analysis it was possible to establish the specifics of the “victimization” process for Chinchilla’s speeches, as well as to identify three images of victims created by a politician (the country, women and the president herself), the contexts and methods that construct these images in political discourse, and a typology of “images of aggressors”. In particular, it was established that the goal of forming these images was the implementation of some tactics: cooperation, demarcation, presentation, self-presentation, rejection of criticism, accusation and denunciation.

РОЛЬ МОДАЛЬНЫХ СЛОВ КАК СРЕДСТВ ВЕРБАЛИЗАЦИИ ИНТЕНЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ СОСТОЯНИЙ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ ПУБЛИЦИСТИЧЕСКОМ ДИСКУРСЕ ФРГ

The article considers modal words as a means of verbalization of intentional states in the modern journalistic discourse of Germany. The author has developed an intentional approach that allows revealing the potential of these linguistic units in the aspect of this scholarly problem. The factual basis of this research is represented by journalistic texts as fragments of discourse, which were extracted by continuous sampling from such modern periodicals in Germany as «Deutschland» and «Spiegel».

MEANS OF VERBALIZATION OF THE CATEGORY OF POLITENESS IN THE GERMAN-LANGUAGE MEDIA DISCOURSE

The focus of this article is the category of politeness as an important factor for the study of communicative interaction. Politeness prescribes certain forms of speech behavior which are necessary for successful interpersonal interaction. The main purpose of the article is to consider the most typical linguistic means of implementing politeness in the German media discourse. The analysis is based on such dialogic genres of public communication as analytical interview and interview-conversation. Their purpose is to influence the addressee, which implies the use of politeness. The corpus of examples is collected from the leading German-language magazines Spiegel Wissen, Spiegel and Cicero for 2015–2020 by a continuous sampling method. The situational interpretative method was used to comprehend and systematize the selected fragments expressing politeness. The methodological basis of the study was also formed by the communicative-pragmatic method since the analysis is based on the understandingof politeness as a communicative and pragmatic category aimed at achieving certain communicative and pragmatic goals in the process of communication. As a result of the research, it was revealed that in addition to the lexemes of polite semantics, the participants of the dialogue show politeness towards each other, showing interest in the topic under discussion, mutually encouraging each other to explain the previously expressed opinion in the form of a question, which acts as a polite version of the imperative. The results of the study also demonstrate the frequency of using subjunctive mood as additional means of verbalization of politeness towards the interlocutor.

Категория причастодетия в русском литературном языке XVIII века (на примере произведений сибирского цикла А. Н. Радищева)

The artificial, at first glance, and peripheral category of prichastodetie (Gerundivum) (special nominal forms of the verb in -teln-) dynamically turns into the category of state, adverbs, adjectives, discursive words, prepositions, preserving its traces in its meaning of verbal action and a separate subject of action. Discovered by M. Smotritsky and described by other scholars, the prichastodetie experienced a boom in its development in the 18th century, accompanied by the lexicalization of the most common word forms. The process of formation and further lexicalization of the grammatical forms in question (“passing to the rank of qualifying adjectives,” according to Vinogradov) is rather similar to how participles are formed from verbs and transformed into adjectives and adverbial participles into adverbs. The difference is not in the quality but in the degree of productivity. The metaphorization of the verb meaning, its transfer from the physical to the emotional, and, more broadly, to the spiritual sphere facilitates the transformation of Russian “gerundives” into qualifying adjectives. The increased use of Russian “gerundives” formed from verbs of specific semantics in scientific and technical language strengthens their direct semantic link with the verb and prevents them from losing the meaning of verbal action. The prichastodetie is on the periphery of the morphological system of the Russian language and interacts with its system of word formation. The development of the category of prichastodetie is analyzed using the National Corpus of the Russian Language and the works of the Siberian cycle of A. N. Radishchev.

Нарративные стратегии И. С. Баха

The article is devoted to the analysis of some narrative properties of J. S. Bach's music. The basis was made up of two types of narrative: plot and plotless. The first one is considered by the example of Cantata No. 150 on the text of the 24th psalm «To you, O Lord, I lift up my soul». The author analyzes the techniques (mostly textured) that Bach uses to embody verbal meanings. The plot narrative also manifests itself in the tonal spectrum of Passions. The second type is described by the example of the d-moll keyboard toccata and the d-moll French Suite. These compositions, not being programmatic, have a plot-like dramaturgy created by the characteristic «behavior» of intonation-thematic elements; they belong to the plotless type. In conclusion, the author concludes that the narrative is not a fixed reality, it is a narrative that can be interpreted.

“Worlds, Worlding”

Heidegger’s discussion of the concept and the phenomenology of ‘world’ is defined by its dual meaning, referring to both the unity of a single, encompassing whole and a number of different meaning contexts, i.e., ‘worlds’ in the plural. Heidegger’s emphasis on the verbal meaning of world (‘worlding’) and the discussion of problems such as the ‘world entry’ of an entity articulate the tension and dynamic between these two meanings. This contribution develops Heidegger’s account by (i) elucidating Heidegger’s early and late discussion of ‘worlding’; (ii) connecting ‘worlding’ to the discussion of ontological pluralism in recent work by Kris McDaniel; and (iii) delineating a specific notion of a metaphysically neutral ‘phenomenological realism’ compatible with Heidegger’s version of ontological pluralism.

RUSSIAN SOLDIERS AND OFFICERS SEEN BY FRENCH WITNESSES OF THE CRIMEAN WAR (1853–1856) IN THE NOVEL BY L. BOUSSENARD “LE ZOUAVE DE MALAKOFF”: A LINGUOIMAGOLOGICAL ASPECT

The paper focuses on the means of verbalization of linguoimagology. The author analysed the linguistic characteristics of the interpretation of the perception of Russians by French soldiers during the Russo-Turkish war (1853–1856). L. Boussenard’s novel “Le Zouave de Malakoff” (in 5 parts), which describes the war, was specifically selected for analysis. The author pays a lot of attention to the description of the battles of the Russians. L. Boussenard assesses the events of the Crimean War, and the reader has the opportunity to consider them with the eyes of the Frenchman, as if involved in the campaign. This work fully covered the events of the mid-19th century that took place on the Crimean peninsula where the Russian, Turkish, Sardinian, French, and British armies were fighting. 
 On analyzing different aspects of discourse, it should be noted that from the linguoimagological standpoint the French vision of the Russians is presented in an ambivalent way. The author uses features with a positive connotation, as well as features containing negative attitudes in their semantics. The author conveyed different types of evaluations in his work. The writer used alliteration, simile, metaphor, hyperbole, occasional phrases, and repetitions. In general, the description of attacks and the retreat of armies is given in the present tense. With this stylistic feature, the author makes the reader the witness, thus more colourfully revealing both the details of the battles and the nature of the parties involved.

Framing events in the logic of verbal modification

I ask what a small set of modification data requires of clausal event semantics. Classic Davidsonian semantics posits that modifiers like "in the hallway" express properties of events, and expects that iterations of such modifiers will simply contribute additional conjuncts at logical form. The data I consider challenges this view, and others cast in the Davidsonian spirit, at least so long as we hope to preserve an important and plausible semantic principle, Role Exhaustion (Williams 2015). As I show, preserving the principle and accounting for the facts can be accomplished by adopting two independently-motivated sets of claims: first, that verbs introduce existential closure over their event argument, and modifiers take verb meanings as semantic arguments (Champollion 2015); second, that simple clauses have two layers of event description, "framing" and "framed" (Schein 2016). In the end, I sketch two possible extensions of the approach, towards the interpretation of temporal modification and negative perceptual reports.

Proses Pembentukan dan Makna Verba Resiprokal Bahasa Indonesia: Studi Kasus Dalam Teks Berita Surat Kabar Harian Singgalang

This study aims to: (1) describe the process of forming reciprocal verbs in the news text of the October 2021-March 2022 edition of the Singgalang Daily Newspaper, (2) describe the meaning of reciprocal verbs in the news text of the September 2021-August 2022 edition of the Singgalang Daily Newspaper. This research is qualitative using descriptive method. The results of this study are the process of formation and meaning of Indonesian reciprocal verbs in news texts in the October 2021-March 2022 edition of the Singgalang Daily Newspaper: first, the process of forming verbs is found through, (1) affixation, namely ber- + basic verb, ber- + basic verb. + -an, mutual me- + basic verb, mutually me- + basic verb + -an, and mutually men- + basic verb + -i; (2) reduplication, namely ber- + basic verb reduplication + -an, basic verb1 + me + basic verb2, and ber- + basic verb reduplication; (3) composition, namely mutual morpheme + basic verb and standard morpheme + basic verb. Second, the meaning of Indonesian reciprocal verbs found is the meaning of action.