Traditional Means Research Articles

Funeral traditions of the Romanians on the left bank of the Prut River: the case study of the Cimișeni village (Criuleni district)

This article presents a description of the sequence of the burial ritual that is currently practiced in the village of Cimișeni, Criuleni district. The aim of the study is to better understand the traditions and spiritual manifestations of the traditional man, his relationship with the environment at a crucial moment in life, by analyzing various rituals we were able to observe what are the traditional folk beliefs related to death. In this area, conservative features have been preserved until now, the locals have managed to preserve most of their customs in the form in which they were practiced by their ancestors. We will try to focus on some essential and at the same time indicative aspects, such as: the meaning of customs and traditions for a person; how are life and death represented in the imagination of a traditional religious person. At the same time, the message will briefly present the main elements of the burial customs of the village of Cimișeni, Criuleni district. These are: ominous signs of death with practices to alleviate death and three main stages characteristic of the rites of passage (separation from the world of the living, preparation of the deceased for the transition to another world and integration into the other world). However, it should be noted that this area is also gradually losing its customs as a result of globalization, so I think it is important to capture and record these customs and traditions.

THE ETHNOCULTURAL ASPECT IN THE ARTICLES OF THE NEWSPAPER “ALBANIA”

The state of the Albanians in the end of the XIX century became even more worse from the Otoman Empire which not only kept their territories under their rule but also stand a more rigorous rule by not letting anything national. This made that a good Albanian elite to start their attempts to raise national consciousness outside of Albanian territories, such case was the publishing of the newspaper “Albania” from Faik Konica in Brussels. In this capital work from Konica, whole chapters are dedicated to spiritual culture of Albanians, of material culture and the way of living. Konica talked about “Besa”, the hospitality, the bravery feud of the Albanians, few traditional crafts, the way of eating, traditional clothes and very other everyday issue of Albanians which he considered national treasure. The purpose of this research was to highlight Konicas’s attempts as a connoisseur to the core of Albanian character by analyzing every virtue of them by believing that the nationality should be protected not only in the battlefields, but also by defending and appreciating more and more the deep meaning of the national traditions because their preservation is part of saving the national identity.

Local Cults in the Chapter “Guai Shen” 怪神 (“Monsters and Deities”) from Ying Shao’s 應劭 Treatise Feng su tong yi 風俗通義 (Penetrating into the Meaning of Traditions and Customs). Translation from Chinese and Commentary by Tatiana V. Klementeva

This article presents a translation of two sections from the chapter “Guai Shen” 怪神 (“Monsters and Deities”) of the treatise Feng su tong yi 風俗通義 (Penetrating into the Meaning of Traditions and Customs), written by the statesman Ying Shao 應劭 (d. before 204), supplied with an introduction and comments. This chapter includes twenty-one anecdotes about human encounters with the supernatural or local religious cults. Ten of them were later included into the collection of stories Sou shen ji 搜神記 (Investigations into Deities), thus this treatise had some impact on the development of the zhiguai xiaoshuo 志怪小説 (“stories [containing] records [of] the unusual”) genre. The two sections selected for publication describe local cults that were formed during the Han era 漢 (202 B.C.E. — 220 C.E.). In the first section, Ying Shao shows how officials should control such cults using laws. In the second one, the author persuades the reader to rationally approach the foundations on which the cult arises and not to trust all rumors about the divine power of creatures. This translation provides an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of religious life at the end of the Han era.

Transformative Learning Informal Education Symbols and Meanings of Traditional Marriage Traditions of The Malay Community of The Riau Islands to The Younger Generation (Ethnographic Study on Penyengat Island, Tanjung Pinang City)

Melayu Kepualaun Riau adalah suku bangsa memiliki tradisi adat, salah satunya adalah tradisi adat perkawinan. Namun seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi dan informasi, implementasi tradisi-tradisi tersebut mengalami perubahan, disebabkan setiap masyarakat akan selalu mengalami perubahan sosial, khususnya pada tradisi adat perkawinan. Perkawinan mempunyai arti yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan pada masa depan pendidikan informal. Transformatif learning adalah sebuah proses perubahan yang mendasar pada diri manusia dan pembelajaran yang menghasilkan perubahan mendasar pada diri generasi milinial. Jika dahulu belajar hanya mengedepankan aspek kognitif, akan tetapi pembelajaran transformatif menampilkan pembelajaran ke dalam suatu keadaan yang mampu mengembangkan seluruh potensi yang dimiliki peserta didik serta memotivasi pembelajar dalam usaha pengalaman pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian adalah sebagai berikut: (1) Mendeskripikan proses tradisi adat perkawinan masyarakat melayu sebagai pendidikan informal di pulau penyengat; (2) Mendeskripsikan Pembelajaran transformatif pendidikan informal makna dan simbol adat perkawinan masyarakat melayu pulau penyengat kepada generasi muda. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif studi kasus Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan: wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif dan studi dkomentasi. Kesimpulan penelitian sebagai berikut: (1) proses tradisi adat perkawinan masyarakat melayu sebagai pendidikan informal Proses adat istiadat perkawinan pada masyarakat Melayu ini juga sebagai proses pendidikan informal dimana terjadi proses yang berlangsung sepanjang usia sehingga setiap orang memperoleh nilai, sikap, keterampilan, dan pengetahuan yang bersumber dari pengalaman hidup sehari- hari, pengaruh lingkungan termasuk di dalamnya pengaruh kehidupan keluarga, hubungan dengan tetangga atau masyarakat. sakral . Acara perkawinan masyarakat Melayu Kepulauan Riau sebagaimana panjangnya merupakan suatu proses adat istiadat yang perjalanan yang harus dilakukan menjadi lembaga majelis perkawinan yang begitu suci, (2 Pembelajaran Transformatif Pendidikan Informal Makna dan Simbol Adat Perkawinan Masyarakat Melayu Pulau Penyengat Kepada Generasi Muda pada masyarakat Melayu Kepulauan Riau semakin mudah menerima perubahan tanpa menyedari perubahan yang drastis memberi kesan terhadap keaslian adat istiadat itu sendiri. Hal Ini menjadikan masyarakat Melayu begitu terbuka dan tidak menutup sesuatu yang baru serta mempunyai daya untuk membuat perubahan.

Next Generation Firewall (NGFW) and Datacenter Operations

Network security, in the contemporary world, is a necessity due to the magnificent growth of the word wide web and the increasing dependence of the masses on the internet for majority of their day-to-day transactions. It ensures that both the integrity and usability of the data remains protected. The Next Generation Firewall (NGFW) becomes important to ensure this requirement of remaining secured is met in a rapidly changing technological environment where cybercrimes are developing by leaps and bounds and traditional means of protection fall grossly inadequate. This article delves into the area of data center operations and highlights the way NGFW had become an integral part of data security and an absolute necessity to ensure safe and sound operations.

Making Equity Count: An Initiative for Equitable General Education Assessment

LaGuardia Community College in Queens, New York is known for its leadership in assessment practices aimed at improving teaching and learning. Its practices to improve student outcomes include remedial math and composition pathways reforms and establishing signature general education core competencies and communication abilities. Combined together, such practices have helped double the graduation rate over a decade. Until recently, however, assessment data had not been disaggregated for different student demographics. In this article, we describe how we transformed our traditional means of analyzing outcomes data toward one that utilized an equity-driven index for two cohorts of students across major racial and ethnic populations. We examined the data for representational equity and equitable performance. In a key finding, we discovered our ongoing assessment practices do not reflect our student population on both counts, especially as a designated Hispanic Serving Institution. Further, we found other under- and over-representation of racial populations in our general education assessment samples. We conclude by suggesting further areas of inquiry with equity-based assessment and note ongoing challenges to systematizing this approach.

Securing the Internet of Medical Things with ECG‐based PUF encryption

AbstractThe Internet of Things (IoT) is revolutionizing the healthcare industry by enhancing personalized patient care. However, the transmission of sensitive health data in IoT systems presents significant security and privacy challenges, further exacerbated by the difficulty of exploiting traditional protection means due to poor battery equipment and limited storage and computational capabilities of IoT devices. The authors analyze techniques applied in the medical context to encrypt sensible data and deal with the unique challenges of resource‐constrained devices. A technique that is facing increasing interest is the Physical Unclonable Function (PUF), where biometrics are implemented on integrated circuits' electric features. PUFs, however, demand special hardware, so in this work, instead of considering the physical device as a source of randomness, an ElectroCardioGram (ECG) can be taken into consideration to make a ‘virtual’ PUF. Such an mechanism leverages individual ECG signals to generate a cryptographic key for encrypting and decrypting data. Due to the poor stability of the ECG signal and the typical noise existing in the measurement process for such a signal, filtering and feature extraction techniques must be adopted. The proposed model considers the adoption of pre‐processing techniques in conjunction with a fuzzy extractor to add stability to the signal. Experiments were performed on a dataset containing ECG records gathered over 6 months, yielding good results in the short term and valuable outcomes in the long term, paving the way for adaptive PUF techniques in this context.

Trauma-Informed Evangelism: Cultivating Communities of Wounded Healers

Trauma-Informed Evangelism: Cultivating Communities of Wounded Healers

Cyber-diplomacy: The Emergence of a Transient Field

Summary It is only in the last two decades that states have started to focus on the need to use traditional diplomatic means in discussions surrounding cyber-policy. This article explores how these discussions have been progressively ‘diplomatised’. Diplomatisation is proposed in this article as a process which involves external and internal dynamics of institutionalisation and positioning, both of which are essential for the successful creation of a new diplomatic field. Understanding the emergence of cyber-diplomacy is crucial to recognise the successes, frustrations and opportunities associated with the (lack of) regulation when it comes responsible state behaviour in this domain. This article does so based on 40 interviews conducted with diplomats and experts involved in the emergence of cyber-diplomacy. It looks at the idiosyncratic evolution of this field within specific nation states as well as overall developments at the international level, particularly within the context of the United Nations.

Robust polyvinyl alcohol with broad thermoplastic window enabled by controlled citrate-plasticizing adding ways

Given that the decomposition temperature is close to the melting point, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fails thermoplastic processing. Developing a suitable plasticizer-enhancing system to reduce melting point or increase the decomposition temperature, resulting in generating a temperature window of thermoplastic processing is an urgent research topic in practical processing applications. In this work, triethyl citrate (TEC) (or tributyl citrate (TBC)), as a green plasticizer, was successfully introduced in the PVA matrix by rational and scientific means. To systematically explore the effects of plasticizers on melting point and mechanical properties of the PVA, distinguishing from traditional plasticizer-adding means, the optimized plasticizer was added to the PVA precursor (i.e., polyvinyl acetate (PVAc)), generating a highly effective blend at upon molecular level, which can achieve a uniform phase mixture of plasticizer molecules in PVA after alcoholysis. In this case, small molecular plasticizers participate in the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between PVA molecules, thus forming abundant effective energy dissipation sites. As a result, thus-obtained A-PVA/TEC10 exhibited an elongation at break of 385.3% and toughness of 154.4 MPa, which are 2.87 times and 1.75 times than those of unplasticized PVA, respectively. Also, the elongation at break and toughness of A-PVA/TEC10 are far superior to those of PVA that are prepared by directly blending way. Most importantly, along with the augmentation of the TEC plasticizer in the PVA system, the melting temperature of plasticized PVA achieved after the alcoholysis reaction of PVAc/TEC10 decreased significantly, and slightly increased in decomposition temperature. This work offers a valuable and justified plasticizing strategy for the processability of PVA materials.

Small Portfolio Construction with Cryptocurrencies

In this paper, we describe and apply different models of portfolio construction in the selection between a small number of big-cap cryptocurrencies. Our purpose is to select the minimum riskiness between cryptocurrencies, comparing different risk measures and maximum diversification. We build our models without the constraints of the expected returns. Without relying on expected returns, we have the same condition on the comparison between them. Cryptocurrencies are not common stock or other assets indexed in the market but it is interesting to study how diversification can significantly improve investment performance. We first give the methodology to use high-frequency observation data, in the numeral approximation especially in the novel application of the Risk parity models, used with different risk measures we can achieve a very good result, from the position of gaining and variation. Since Risk parity models divide the weights of the asset in equal risk contribution proportion, it is suggested to use a small number of cryptocurrencies, otherwise their performance will be close to the uniform portfolio. To the traditional Mean Variance model, and the alternative, Expected shortfall/Conditional Value at Risk, we use three versions of Risk Parity with two different risk measures and a naive risk parity. The uniform portfolio is used as a benchmark for selection comparison with the other portfolio models. We give the conditions for the Risk Parity with the Expected shortfall/Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) to guarantee convergence with the numerical approximation. In the end, we study the tradeoff between each model and which is more suitable for a small cryptocurrency portfolio.

Reference the seabed topographic depth observations based on the national mean dynamic topography model

The mean sea surface in different regions is non-equipotential, rendering Vietnam's traditional approach, which relies on the Hon-Dau tide gauge station as a reference, not yet scientifically invalid. To overcome this, our study utilized the Vietnam national mean dynamic topography model (MDTVN22) for depth observations, particularly in the Gulf of Tonkin. Covering 3430 monitoring sites in Hai Phong and 813 sites in Quang Ninh, our experiments highlighted a 5 to 6 mm difference between the mean sea surface and MDTVN22 references.•Our research establishes a resilient methodology, integrating shore tide gauge station data and the MDTVN22 model, aimed at enhancing precision in depth observations.•Validation experiments in Hai Phong demonstrate a minimal discrepancy of ±0.006 m between measurements obtained from the traditional mean sea surface and the MDTVN22 model.•These findings underscore the significance of adopting the MDTVN22 model for improved accuracy in assessing Vietnam's seabed topography.

The Linguistic and Grammatical Foundations for Understanding Prophetic Hadith Texts: Proposed Strategies and Mechanisms/ الأسس اللغوية والنحوية لفهم نصوص الحديث النبوي: استراتيجيات وآليات مقترحة

The Prophetic Texts (Hadith) is the second source of Islamic legislation. It provides detailed explanations of what is mentioned in the Quran, clarifies ambiguous matters, specifies general statements, and restricts absolute statements. Anyone who engages in the explanation of the Prophetic Tradition must possess linguistic knowledge, as it plays a significant role for the scholar of Hadith, the interpreter, the jurist, and the scholar of Islamic principles. Understanding the secrets of language and the methods used by Arabs in their speech helps in comprehending the intended meaning of the Prophet's words, peace be upon him. This research aims to develop a conceptual framework and proposed strategies and mechanisms for understanding the Prophetic Tradition based on linguistic knowledge. It also aims to demonstrate the role of the objectives of Arabic grammar in understanding the Prophetic Tradition, as well as to introduce modern grammatical theories and their role in understanding the Prophetic Tradition. The research adopted a descriptive-analytical approach, and its findings indicate that understanding the objectives of Arabic grammar assists in comprehending many problematic aspects found in some narrations. Furthermore, the lack of knowledge of the external context of a hadith leads to misconceptions, and the theory of textual grammar contributes to understanding the meanings of the Prophetic Tradition. The indirect style in language also aids in identifying the purpose and intent of the Prophetic Tradition. The researchers recommend the necessity of conducting serious linguistic studies on linguistic expression and meaning, examining their characteristics and roles in elucidating the legal objectives of the Prophetic text, as they are essential in deducing juristic rulings.

Distributed maximum correntropy unscented Kalman filter under hybrid attacks in non‐Gaussian environment

AbstractThis paper addresses a distributed nonlinear filtering issue based on maximum correntropy for dealing with randomly occurring hybrid cyber‐attacks in non‐Gaussian environment. The types of cyber‐attacks include denial of service attacks and deception attacks. First, a modified distributed unscented Kalman filter is proposed, using Cauchy kernel‐based maximum correntropy criterion instead of the traditional mean square error criterion, against cyber‐attacks and non‐Gaussian noise. Then based on fixed‐point iterative rules and information fusion strategy, the update equations of state estimates and covariance matrices of the proposed filter are obtained. Furthermore, the sufficient condition guaranteeing its convergence and computational complexity are also given. Finally, an illustrative example is presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed filter under hybrid cyber‐attacks in non‐Gaussian environment.

Аналіз наявних методів та підходів до пошуку пошкодженої автобронетанкової техніки під час технічної розвідки в сучасних арміях світу

The article proposes the definition of directions and opportunities for the use of technical means of information in the performance of the tasks of rear support of troops in armed conflicts that are taking place today.
 Possible areas of application of unmanned aerial vehicles in the technical intelligence system of the National Guard of Ukraine and the Armed Forces of Ukraine are considered. The analysis of various types of unmanned aerial vehicles revealed the peculiarities of their use. The foreign experience of the use and development of unmanned technologies in the field of search and evacuation of damaged armored vehicles was analyzed. Conclusions were obtained regarding the combination of unmanned aerial vehicles with traditional means of technical intelligence, which showed their significant advantages. Prospective areas of application of aircraft in combination with technical intelligence systems of individual units of the National Guard of Ukraine and military units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine during operations and hostilities have been identified. The possibility of combining aviation technologies and means of technical intelligence in armed conflicts of modern armies of the world is also considered.
 Technical intelligence was analyzed from the point of view of the type of intelligence by tasks, forces, means and methods; and also as an organization of intelligence activities based on the use of technical means. The dependence on the nature of signals detected by technical means is shown, one of the types of technical intelligence is photo and infrared intelligence based on the interception of light waves (species intelligence).
 Species intelligence is considered as the collection of intelligence information based on the analysis of a large number of images obtained with the help of photographic, optical-electronic and radar equipment. According to its specificity, intelligence belongs to technical intelligence and includes air and space intelligence. Species reconnaissance uses photographic images taken in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum, infrared photography and multispectral photography. Radar images for species reconnaissance are created by equipment of various electromagnetic ranges synthesized in radar equipment. Spectral reconnaissance should be distinguished from electronic reconnaissance using optical-electronic or radar equipment that does not form an image.
 Military experts of developed countries believe that in the modern combat environment, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for conducting reconnaissance as a means of technical intelligence can more effectively and quickly solve the tasks of technical intelligence. At the same time, the time required to deliver the received intelligence information to the relevant management bodies is reduced.

Innovative Maritime Uncrewed Systems and Satellite Solutions for Shallow Water Bathymetric Assessment

Shallow water bathymetry is a topic of significant interest in various fields, including civil construction, port monitoring, and military operations. This study presents several methods for assessing shallow water bathymetry using maritime uncrewed systems (MUSs) integrated with advanced and innovative sensors such as Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and multibeam echosounder (MBES). Furthermore, this study comprehensively describes satellite-derived bathymetry (SDB) techniques within the same geographical area. Each technique is thoroughly outlined with respect to its implementation and resultant data, followed by an analytical comparison encompassing their accuracy, precision, rapidness, and operational efficiency. The accuracy and precision of the methods were evaluated using a bathymetric reference survey conducted with traditional means, prior to the MUS survey and with cross-comparisons between all the approaches. In each assessment of the survey methodologies, a comprehensive evaluation is conducted, explaining both the advantages and limitations for each approach, thereby enabling an inclusive understanding for the reader regarding the efficacy and applicability of these methods. The experiments were conducted as part of the Robotic Experimentation and Prototyping using Maritime Unmanned Systems 23 (REPMUS23) multinational exercise, which was part of the Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) experimentations.

"Virtual reality" as a tool for global manipulation of socio-cultural identity

The subject of the article is the philosophical and cultural methodology of digital "virtual reality", comparing the declarations of developers with the practical possibilities and social consequences of using such technologies. The developers presented projects of online digital content services for all five senses using special equipment (glasses, headphones, interactive gloves, joysticks, costumes, printers of smells and tastes, etc.). It was assumed that virtual reality would surpass the reliability of previous multimedia content and interactive computer games, and the persuasiveness and attractiveness of traditional technical means of art and the press. Failure to fulfill these promises has led to significant losses since 2022 for leading companies developing digital virtual reality technologies Meta (recognized by the court as an extremist organization on 03/21/2022, activity is limited in the territory of the Russian Federation), Microsoft HapticLinks, Cave, AlloSphere, Teslasuit, VRealizer. There was a need to assess how and to what extent the methodology used and the predicted capabilities of digital virtual reality were correct. Philosophical and cultural analysis as a research method reveals: the developers of digital virtual reality promised the methodologically impossible, reducing human perception to the "sum" of the external "five senses" out of connection with the "self", inner sensitivity, bodily self-perceptions. A person is only partially amenable to algorithmized digital interaction; a critical barrier to digital virtuality is the socio-cultural identity of society and personality. The novelty of the results of the analysis lies in the conclusion: digital virtual reality in many respects is fundamentally inferior in effectiveness to traditional technical means of sensory and emotional impact and cognition, used both for creative and destructive purposes. In terms of creative potential, digital virtual reality is inferior to the technical means of art, science, education, upbringing, etc., and in terms of destructive capabilities, it is already used in the press and other mass communications technologies for manipulating public and individual consciousness, as well as psychotropic substances that cause addiction. National regulation of the development of digital "virtual reality" is recommended, aimed at protecting and developing the socio-cultural identity of Russian citizens and society, as well as for cognitive and educational purposes. It is recommended to limit the remote use of such developments to trusted domestic Internet services.

Compressive sensing of complex-valued data using Gaussian entropy

In this paper, we propose an effective compressive sensing algorithm based on Gaussian entropy for complex-data. Compared with the traditional mean squared error (MSE) method, we consider the full second order statistics information of Gaussian noise in the new algorithm, including relevant information and conjugate information, which makes the recovered signal closer to the original input signal. Simulation results of the synthesized 1D signal and 2D signal show that the proposed algorithm has better performance than the MSE method.

Ethnography Communication of the Shift in the Meaning of "Madduppa" Cultural Tradition in Sidrap District

The development of the times resulted in different perceptions about the application of a culture, the fading of local classical cultural values ​​as a result of the integration of modern culture which brought with it new values, then became a trigger for a shift in the meaning of a cultural tradition, including madduppa culture. In Bugis custom, the madduppa tradition is a series of pre-wedding processes, not just meeting or inviting, but containing the meaning of respect (pangadekkang or mappakaraja), by sending padduppa to meet certain people, hoping that person will give blessings to the bride and groom, and can attend the upcoming wedding. The purpose of this research is to identify the shift in the meaning of the local tradition of madduppa culture in Sidrap Regency, South Sulawesi. Based on the results of the research, it was found that the madduppa tradition is still carried out today, but has experienced a shift in the meaning of the tradition, so the procedures for its implementation have also changed. The main cause is the lack of knowledge and in-depth understanding of the sacred meaning of the madduppa tradition, as well as advances in information communication technology in the digital era, causing a more practical and easy way of implementation. It is appropriate for the community to make efforts to preserve the classical madduppa cultural tradition, as an effort to maintain cultural richness which is full of meaning and local wisdom, by communicating it regularly and disseminating information to the public about the deep meaning and procedures for carrying out the classical madduppa tradition.

Mean ADC values and arterial phase hyperintensity discriminate small (≤ 3cm) well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma from dysplastic nodule.

This research endeavor sought to distinguish small (≤ 3cm) well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (WD-HCC) from dysplastic nodules (DN) by employing traditional imaging features and mean apparent diffusion coefficient (mADC) values derived from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). In this retrospective analysis, we assessed a cohort of ninety patients with confirmed dysplastic nodules (DNs) (n = 71) or well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (WD-HCC) (n = 41) who had undergone dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging between March 2018 and June 2021. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were executed to pinpoint characteristics that can effectively differentiate histologic grades. A region-of-interest (ROI) encompassing all lesion voxels was delineated on each slice containing the mass in the ADC map. Subsequently, the whole-lesion mean ADC (mADC) were computed from these delineations. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated to assess the discriminatory efficacy of the mADC values in distinguishing between WD-HCC and DN. Among the histopathological types from benign to malignant, mADC showed a significant decrease (P < 0.001). The mADCs were effective in distinguishing WD-HCC from DN [AUC, 0.903 (95% CI 0.849-0.958)]. The best cutoffs for theYoudenindexwere 0.0012mm2/s for mADC, with moderate sensitivity (70.7%) and high specificity (94.4%). MRI features including hyperintensity at arterial phase (odds ratio, 21.2; P = 0.009), mADC < 0.0012mm2/s (odds ratio, 52.2; P < 0.001) were independent predictors for WD-HCC at multivariable analysis. The AUC value of hyperintensity at arterial phase was 0.857 (95% CI 0.786-0.928). The composite diagnostic criterion of arterial hyperintensity + mADC < 0.0012mm2/s showed good performance [AUC, 0.926 (95% CI 0.878-0.975)], displaying increased sensitivity compared to individual assessments involving arterial hyperintensity (P = 0.013), mADC < 0.0012mm2/s (P = 0.004), or LR-5 (P < 0.001), with similar specificity compared to LR-5 (P = 0.193). DN and WD-HCC displayed contrasting diffusion characteristics, attainable to distinguish with satisfactory accuracy. The utilization of arterial phase hyperintensity and mADC < 0.0012 on MRI facilitated the differentiation of WD-HCC from DN.