Mean Serum Testosterone Levels Research Articles

Clomiphene citrate treatment outcomes in Taiwanese hypogonadal men: A single-center preliminary report

ObjectiveWe evaluated the treatment efficacy of clomiphene citrate (CC) in hypogonadal men. MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed our patients with a diagnosis of hypogonadism who received CC treatment, and compared the pretreatment and post-treatment serum testosterone levels. Subjective patient improvements were recorded using the Androgen Deficiency in Aging Males questionnaire. ResultsA total of 10 patients were included in our analysis. Mean serum testosterone level increase from 246 ± 76 ng/dL to 548 ± 281 ng/dL was noted after treatment (p < 0.01). Eight (80%) patients successfully reached a target serum testosterone level of > 400 ng/dL after treatment. ConclusionCC is an effective alternative treatment for patients with hypogonadism.

Serum testosterone as predictor of pathological stage in prostate cancer

Aim: The aim of our study is - To assess whether parameter as serum testosterone can be used to predict the pathological stage of the disease. To determine whether serum testosterone can be used as prognostic marker for the carcinoma prostate. To evaluate the efficacy of serum testosterone as a rapid tool in the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate carcinoma. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 patients of carcinoma prostate as a case and 30 patients of BPH as a control. Clinical staging done by CT/MRI. Pathological staging done after radical prostectomy. Serum, testosterone analyzed by radioimmunoassay. Statistical analysis was done using statistical software SPSS version 10.0. Data was found to be normally distributed. Statistical analysis was performed using student’s ‘t’ test with statistical significance at 400 ng/dl and 30% patients have serum testosterone < 200 ng/dl. Remaining 30% have serum testosterone in between 200-399 ng/dl. Mean preoperative serum testosterone level in study group were 315.30±49.66 ng/ml and in control group the mean preoperative serum testosterone level were 369.83±51.12 ng/dl. The mean serum testosterone concentration is lower in carcinoma prostate patients as compared to the BPH patients. The mean difference in both the group were statistically significant (p=0.018). In organ confined disease, the mean preoperative serum testosterone level were 411.14±11.50 ng/ml and in non organ confined disease the mean preoperative serum testosterone level were 329.33±71.57 ng/dl. The mean serum testosterone level is lower in non organ confined as compared to the organ confined disease. The mean difference in both organ and non organ confined disease were statistically significant (p=0.008). Conclusion: We conclude that patients with carcinoma prostate have statistically significant correlation between pretreatment total testosterone level and pathological stage. In our study total testosterone emerged as an independent predictor of ex

The Change of Testosterone Secretion During the Treatment of Alpha-1 Blocker in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

To investigate the correlation between testosterone levels and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and bladder outlet obstruction (BOO), to evaluate the change in testosterone secretion during treatment for LUTS, and to determine the factors that influence testosterone secretion. This was an open-labeled, single-center, prospective study of 110 outpatients with LUTS caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia. Silodosin, an alpha-1 blocker that is not known to affect testosterone secretion, was administered to the patients. Before administration and 1 year after administration, serum testosterone level was measured, and the International Prostate Symptom Score and a urodynamic study were used to assess subjective and objective symptoms. A total of 104 patients with a mean age of 70.4 years were included in the analysis. According to pretreatment evaluation, no statistically significant correlations existed between the serum total testosterone level and the International Prostate Symptom Score (r = -0.08, P = .44) or BOO index (r = 0.04, P = .68). One year after silodosin administration, the mean serum testosterone level significantly increased from 5.09 to 5.52 ng/mL (P <.001). Additionally, a significant positive correlation was observed between the change in testosterone level and improvement in the BOO index (r = 0.52, P <.001). In patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, treatment with silodosin significantly increased testosterone secretion, and improvements in objective symptoms such as BOO were found to be the factors that influenced testosterone secretion.

Medical Castration Using the Investigational Oral GnRH Antagonist TAK-385 (Relugolix): Phase 1 Study in Healthy Males

TAK-385 is a highly selective, oral, nonpeptide GnRH antagonist being investigated as a possible prostate cancer treatment. The objectives were to evaluate safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of TAK-385 on LH and testosterone. This was a three-part, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 dose-escalation study in 176 healthy male UK volunteers. Part 1, single doses of TAK-385 (0 [placebo], 80, 120, 180, or 360 mg). Part 2, 14-day TAK-385 (0, 20, 40, 80, or 180 mg) daily. Part 3, 28-day TAK-385 (40 [with loading dose], 60, 80, or 160 mg) or placebo daily. Parts 2 and 3 included men aged 40-75 years. Main outcome measures included plasma concentrations of TAK-385, LH, and testosterone. Oral TAK-385 was readily absorbed, and steady state was reached in ≤ 14 days. Food reduced TAK-385 systemic exposure by 47-52%. Mean serum testosterone levels declined ≤ 6 hours after TAK-385 administration. Loading doses up to 360 mg on day 1 or 360 mg on day 1 followed by 240 mg on day 2 reduced the time to achieve castrate testosterone levels from ≥ 7 to <3 days. TAK-385 doses ≥ 80 mg/d achieved sustained medical castration and trough TAK-385 concentrations >4 ng/mL. After discontinuation of TAK-385 on day 28, testosterone levels normalized in most subjects in ≤ 28 days. Common adverse events included bradycardia, headache, and hot flush (all grade ≤ 2). Oral TAK-385 (40-180 mg/d) was well tolerated and effectively lowered testosterone in healthy men. Planned phase 2 doses in men with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer are 80 and 120 mg/d.

The effects of transverse and longitudinal incision of tunica albuginea in microdissection testicular sperm extraction

The effects of transverse and longitudinal incision of tunica albuginea in microdissection testicular sperm extraction

Bite-force difference among obese adolescents in central Taiwan.

Maximal bite force of the jaw can cause thorough food chewing and result in good digestion. Bite force is related to the health of the masticatory muscles. Muscle force is frequently affected by obesity in adolescence, however, little is known about how obesity influences the maximum bite force and the difference between genders. Five hundred and seventy-seven adolescent students (292 girls and 285 boys), aged 13-16 years, from central Taiwan were recruited for a cross-sectional study in 2009. The maximum bite force, hand strength, triceps skin-fold fat thickness, serum level of testosterone, and body mass index (BMI) were measured. Dental health was evaluated based on malocclusion and dental caries. Bite force in girls was highest in the obese group (32.49±19.13kg, mean±standard deviation), whereas in boys it was higher in the overweight group (41.89±19.3kg) than in the obese group (33.21±17.12kg). The prevalence of obesity was twofold higher in boys (14.39%) than in girls (7.88%). The mean serum level of testosterone increased with BMI in girls (p=0.0172), whereas it decreased with BMI in boys (p=0.0014). The relationships of serum testosterone level and bite force with BMI were similar in the two gender groups. The maximum bite force decreased in obese boys but increased in obese girls, which may be due to the sensitivity to testosterone being modulated by the fat level.

Serum luteinising hormone, testosterone and total cholesterol levels, libido and testicular histomorphology of male West African Dwarf goats orally or subcutaneously treated with monosodium l-glutamate

This study investigated the effects of administration of monosodium l-glutamate (MSG) on serum luteinising hormone, testosterone and cholesterol levels, libido and testicular histomorphology of male West African Dwarf (WAD) goats. Thirty-two WAD goats (28 males and four females) were used for the study. The 28 males were randomly assigned to seven groups (A, BO, BS, CO, CS, DO and DS) of four goats each. Goats in groups BO, CO, and DO were given MSG orally at doses of 0.25, 0.50 and 1 g/kg body weight respectively for 28 days, while groups BS, CS and DS goats were given MSG subcutaneously at doses of 0.25, 0.50 and 1 g/kg body weight, respectively, for 28 days. Group A goats served as untreated control. The four female goats did not receive MSG, but were used to assess the levels of expression of libido by all the males. Serum luteinising hormone and testosterone were assayed prior to MSG administration (Day 0) and on Days 2, 14 and 28 of MSG administration, while serum cholesterol was assayed on Days 0, 14 and 28 of MSG administration. Libido scores and testicular histomorphology were evaluated on Days 26 and 28 of MSG administration, respectively. Results showed that on Days 14 and 28 of MSG administration the mean serum luteinising hormone, testosterone and cholesterol levels of the treated groups were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of the control group. The mean libido scores of all the treated groups were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than that of the control. Sections of the testes of the male WAD goats that received varying doses of MSG orally or subcutaneously showed no obvious lesions; the seminiferous tubules and interstices were normal and comparable to those of the untreated control. It was concluded that MSG administration for up to 14 and 28 days led to a significant lowering of serum luteinising hormone, testosterone and cholesterol, as well as libido scores.

MP25-01 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TESTOSTERONE AND PROSTATITIS-LIKE SYMPTOMS ASSESSED BY THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH CHRONIC PROSTATITIS SYMPTOM INDEX

You have accessJournal of UrologyInfections/Inflammation of the Genitourinary Tract: Prostate & Genitalia1 Apr 2015MP25-01 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TESTOSTERONE AND PROSTATITIS-LIKE SYMPTOMS ASSESSED BY THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH CHRONIC PROSTATITIS SYMPTOM INDEX Gyeong Eun Min, Jun Ho Lee, Koo Han Yoo, Dong-Gi Lee, and Hyung-Lae Lee Gyeong Eun MinGyeong Eun Min More articles by this author , Jun Ho LeeJun Ho Lee More articles by this author , Koo Han YooKoo Han Yoo More articles by this author , Dong-Gi LeeDong-Gi Lee More articles by this author , and Hyung-Lae LeeHyung-Lae Lee More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.02.1204AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Recently, it has been reported that chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is related to decreased vascular endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. Testosterone has been suggested to play a role in vascular endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. Considering the relationship of testosterone and CP/CPPS with endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease, there may also be a relationship between testosterone and CP/CPPS. Therefore, we evaluate their relationship. METHODS A total of 9180 middle aged men who had participated in a health examination were included. The National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) was administered to evaluate prostatitis-like symptoms. Symptoms were regarded as mild pain if respondents reported perineal or ejaculatory pain and had an NIH-CPSI pain score ≥4 but <8 and the symptoms were considered moderate to severe pain if the pain score was ≥8. A full metabolic work-up and serum testosterone level checks by RIA. The Mantel-Haenszel Extension test, multiple linear regression tests, and logistic regression analyses were used. RESULTS The mean age was 52.3±9.4 years, and the mean serum testosterone level was 5.3±1.6 ng/mL. The number of man with late onset hypogonadism (LOH: testosterone <3.5 ng/mL) was 1037 (11.3%). In total, 1643 (17.9%) men had prostatitis-like symptoms, and 650 (7.1%) men had moderate to severe symptoms. The ages and components of the metabolic syndrome adjusted mean NIH-CPSI total score and NIH-CPSI pain score was significantly higher in the LOH group (mean (95%CI): total score: 9.26 (8.86-9.66) vs. 8.65 (8.50-8.80); P=.005; pain score: 3.90 (3.75-3.66) vs. 3.72 (3.70-3.75); P=.026). There was a significant increase in the incidence of LOH as the severity of prostatitis-like symptoms increased (positive ratio: no pain, 11.0%; mild pain, 11.4%; moderate to severe pain 14.5%; P trend=.019). Additionally, odds ratio for LOH was significantly associated with prostatitis-like symptoms and moderate to severe prostatitis-like symptoms after adjusting for potential confounding factors (mild prostatitis-like symptoms, OR for LOH: 1.074, 95% confidence interval:.904-1.275; moderate to severe symptoms, OR for LOH: 1.394: 95% confidence interval: 1.104-1.762). CONCLUSIONS LOH was significantly correlated with the presence and severity of prostatitis-like symptoms. Further researches would be needed to elucidate the role of testosterone in developing CP/CPPS. © 2015 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 193Issue 4SApril 2015Page: e285 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2015 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Gyeong Eun Min More articles by this author Jun Ho Lee More articles by this author Koo Han Yoo More articles by this author Dong-Gi Lee More articles by this author Hyung-Lae Lee More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Effects of monosodium-L-glutamate administration on serum levels of reproductive hormones and cholesterol, epididymal sperm reserves and testicular histomorphology of male albino rats.

This study investigated the effects of administration of monosodium L-glutamate (MSG) on serum gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinising hormone (LH), testosterone and total cholesterol (TC), cauda epididymal sperm reserves (CESR) and testicular histomorphology of adult male albino rats. Eighty-four rats, randomly assigned to 7 groups of 12 rats each, were used for the study. Varying low doses (0.25, 0.50 or 1.00 g/kg body weight) of MSG were administered orally or subcutaneously at 48-h intervals for six weeks. Serum GnRH, LH, testosterone and TC, and CESR were evaluated on days 14, 28 and 42 of MSG administration. Testicular histomorphology was evaluated on day 42. The results showed that the mean serum GnRH, LH and testosterone levels, and the CESR of all the treated groups were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of the untreated control on days 14, 28 and 42 of MSG administration. The mean serum TC levels of all the treated groups were also significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of the control group on days 14 and 28. No lesions were observed on sections of the testes. It was concluded that MSG administration for 14, 28 and 42 days led to significantly lower serum levels of GnRH, LH, testosterone and TC, and significantly lower CESR.

Comparison of Serum Cortisol and Testosterone Levels in Acute and Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

PurposeTo compare the levels of serum cortisol and testosterone in acute and chronic central serous chorio-retinopathy (CSC).MethodsSerum cortisol and testosterone levels in 30 patients with either acute or chronic CSC were evaluated using chemiluminescent immunoassay.ResultsThe mean age was 42.43 ± 6.37 years (range, 32 to 56 years). The mean 8:00 to 9.00 a.m. serum cortisol level was 12.61 ± 4.74 µg/dL (range, 6.58 to 27.42 µg/dL). The mean serum testosterone level was 5.88 ± 1.57 ng/dL (range, 2.81 to 9.94 ng/dL). The mean visual acuity was 20 / 65.07 ± 40.56 (range, 20 / 25 to 20 / 200). There was no statistically significant difference in the mean levels of serum cortisol and testosterone between the acute and chronic cases (p > 0.05), but there was a statistically significant difference in the mean presenting visual acuity in the two groups (p < 0.05).ConclusionsAll except one patient in the acute group had normal levels of serum cortisol. Testosterone levels were within the normal range in both the acute and chronic cases of CSC. There is unlikely to be any statistically significant difference in the mean levels of serum cortisol and testosterone between the acute and chronic cases, but there may be a statistically significant difference in the mean presenting visual acuity in these groups.

Impact of obesity on male fertility

Rationale Nowadays, obesity and dyslipidemia are more prevalent , studies had shown that obese men have around 50% higher rate of infertility compared to normal weight men Aim of the work is to study the impact of obesity on male infertility Subjects and methods This study included 90 males aged ( 25 - 45 ) years old , divided into three groups . Semen samples to assess semen quality plus a blood sample to measure serum testosterone and leptin levels were collected Results A statistically significant increases of mean BMI in obese fertile and obese infertile groups compared to non-obese infertile group (p. &lt; 0.0001) .There was a statistically significant increase of mean serum leptin in obese infertile group compared to obese fertile group (p. &lt; 0.0001) and compared to obese fertile group (p. &lt; 0.0001). There was a statistically significant increase of mean serum testosterone level in obese fertile group compared to non-obese infertile group (p &lt; 0.01) and there was a statistically significant increase of mean sperm motility in obese fertile group compared to obese infertile group Conclusion. BMI &amp; serum leptin levels in obese infertile men were significantly higher than obese fertile men. Serum leptin had significant negative correlation with sperm count, motility and testosterone level. Leptin had significant correlation with the abnormal sperm morphology. Men with high BMIs had a significant decrease in sperm count, and motility as well as increase in the abnormal forms of spermatozoa compared to those with low BMIs. Keywords : Obesity, Infertility, Semen Quality, Testosterone, Leptin.

Can testosterone level be a good predictor of late-onset hypogonadism?

Androgens are essential for the development and growth of the genitalia. They regulate the erectile physiology by multiple mechanisms. Several studies have examined associations among sex hormones' serum levels, erectile function and sex drive. We sought to identify a protocol for using testosterone in men with erectile dysfunction and late-onset hypogonadism (LOH). During a 16-month period, men with erectile dysfunction who presented to the andrology clinic were selected. They underwent a complete physical examination and filled out the International Index of Erectile Function-5 questionnaire. Serum luteinising hormone (LH) and testosterone levels were evaluated. Patients received a single intramuscular injection of 250mg testosterone. Thereafter, serum levels of LH and testosterone were measured 3weeks later. The mean age was 53years old. After treating patients with testosterone, 45 (94%) showed improvement in LOH symptoms including libido, loss of energy, irritability and quality of life. The mean International Index of Erectile Function was 9 and 13.1, prior to and after treatment respectively. Mean serum testosterone levels before and after treatment were 4.2 and 4.1ngml(-1) respectively (P=0.849). Mean serum LH revealed a significant decrease after the study (P=0.004) (6.12 and 5.1ngml(-1) , before and after the study respectively). Our findings suggested that testosterone replacement therapy improves libido and LOH symptoms in individuals with almost normal or lower limit normal value of serum testosterone levels.

Sperm retrieval from patients with nonmosaic Klinefelter’s syndrome by semen cytology examination

Successful sperm retrieval from ejaculates of nonmosaic Klinefelter's syndrome (KS) patients by using semen cytology examination was described in this report. The clinical parameters of KS patients with sperm compared to patients without sperm were described. One hundred and fifty-one patients were proven to suffer from KS by chromosomal analysis using G-banding. Spermatozoa were obtained from 10 patients (10/151, 6.6%) using semen analysis. After semen cytology examination, 32 patients (32/151, 21.2%) were found to have sperm or germ cell in their ejaculate. The patients with successful sperm retrieval were significantly younger (27.1 ± 3.7 years) than the patients for whom sperm retrieval failed (28.9 ± 4.2 years). The mean serum testosterone level and the mean T/LH ratio of KS patients with successful sperm retrieval were significantly higher in men with sperm than in men without sperm (testosterone: 3.2 ± 2.1 ng/mL vs 2.7 ± 1.5 ng/mL; T/LH ratio: 0.2 ± 0.3 vs 0.1 ± 0.1). In conclusion, semen cytology examination should be performed to identify sperm and germ cells in the ejaculate of KS patients if no sperm can be detected by traditional semen analysis. The serum testosterone level and T/LH ratio revealed an association between impaired Leydig cell function and impaired spermatogenesis in KS males. KS patients should receive earlier diagnosis and treatment.

Effect of systemic inflammation on level of ferritin seminal in chronic renal male patient undergoing hemodialysis.

BackgroundMost hemodialysis patients present with chronic systemic inflammation characterized by the elevation of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and/or the production of proinflammatory interleukins by the immune system in response to the hemodialysis process. Plasma ferritin(PF) is one of the parameters used to correct anemia. An PF level of >500 ng/mL is not recommended for correction of anemia because of the uncertainty of whether these levels are elevated because of anemia or a mere reaction to inflammation. we aimed to study the effects of inflammation on seminal ferritin (SF) levels and hypothesized that SF is not affected because of the testicular immune privilege.MethodsA prospective prevalence study was conducted at the Department of Hemodialysis of the University Hospital of Brasília (HuB) between June 2010 and July 2011. The sample included 60 chronic renal patients undergoing hemodialysis and 20 control subjects from the health promotion general outpatient clinic. All participants were males aged 18–60 years. Inflammation was assessed through serum CRP levels, and the testicular condition was determined by measuring sex hormone levels. In the patient group, inflammation was considered to be present when CRP was >5 mg/L (n = 27) and absent when CRP was ≤5 mg/L (n = 33). Control group (n = 20) CRP was ≤1 mg/L. Blood and semen were collected via arm venoclysis and after voluntary masturbation, respectively. CRP was measured by turbidimetry; PF, SF, and sex hormone levels by immunochemoluminescence. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.ResultsThere was no significant difference in mean SF levels among patients with inflammation (295.34 ± 145.39 ng/mL), those without inflammation (324.42 ± 145.51 mg/mL), and controls (335.70 ± 075.90 ng/mL; p = 0.49). There was no correlation between mean SF and PF levels in the patients with and without inflammation). All participants were eugonadal with mean serum FSH, LH, and testosterone levels of 3.76 ± 2.17 mUI/mL, 7.00 ± 3.53 mUI/mL, and 454.18 ± 173.08 ng/dL, respectively.ConclusionSystemic inflammation did not significantly alter SF levels in eugonadal hemodialysis patients.

Serum Testosterone Levels and Clinical Outcomes in Male Hemodialysis Patients

Studies linking low serum testosterone concentration to adverse clinical outcomes in hemodialysis patients have been relatively small. We investigated the role of testosterone in adverse outcomes and quality of life in an incident cohort of male Canadian hemodialysis patients. A prospectively designed multicenter observational study using data from the Canadian Kidney Disease Cohort Study (CKDCS). Male patients initiating hemodialysis therapy since February 14, 2005, in 3 Canadian centers serving ethnically diverse populations were studied (N = 623). Serum testosterone levels using the International Society of Andrology, International Society for the Study of the Aging Male, and European Association of Urology cutoffs (low, <231 ng/dL; borderline, 231-346 ng/dL; normal, >346 ng/dL). All-cause mortality, fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular (CV) events, and Health Utility Index (HUI)-assessed health-related quality of life. Participants completed a structured interview on demographics and medical history and an HUI questionnaire (version 3). Routine laboratory test results captured into the study database, and serum testosterone measured within 3 months after initiation of the baseline hemodialysis session. During a median follow-up of 20 (range, 1-81) months, 166 (27%) died and 98 (20%) had a CV event. Mean serum testosterone level was 234.1 ± 146.1 (SD) ng/dL. Higher serum testosterone levels were associated with significantly decreased unadjusted risk of death (HR per 10-ng/dL increase, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.37-0.90). There was a statistically significant trend for higher all-cause mortality with low serum testosterone levels in adjusted analyses (P < 0.001). Higher levels of log-transformed testosterone were associated with significantly higher HUI scores (P for trend<0.001), and low levels of serum testosterone were associated significantly with lower HUI scores (P for trend<0.001). Although there was a significant trend in the unadjusted risk of CV events among participants with low serum testosterone levels (P < 0.001), the risk was no longer significant after adjustment for age. There was no significant interaction with age and serum testosterone level tested as continuous variables (P = 0.07). A short follow-up period and serum testosterone measured on a single occasion. Low serum testosterone concentration may be a modifiable risk factor for adverse outcomes and poor quality of life in male hemodialysis patients. This hypothesis should be tested in randomized controlled trials.

Varicocelectomy Is Associated With Increases in Serum Testosterone Independent of Clinical Grade

To determine whether the varicocele grade is related to the degree of improvement in serum testosterone levels after varicocelectomy. We performed a retrospective review of men with a total serum testosterone level<400 ng/dL who had undergone microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy for infertility and/or hypogonadism. All men had clinically palpable left varicoceles and preoperative and postoperative total serum testosterone levels available. For patients with bilateral varicoceles, the greatest grade on either side was used to stratify the patients. The men with an isolated, left-side, grade I varicocele were not offered varicocelectomy. The changes in the testosterone levels were evaluated, with the results expressed as the mean ± standard error. P≤.05 was considered statistically significant. A total of 59 patients had undergone bilateral varicocelectomy and 19 unilateral varicocelectomy. Overall, an increase in testosterone was seen in 65 of the 78 men (83%) in the present study. Themean follow-up was 7 months. The mean serum testosterone level increased from 308.4 to 417.5 ng/dL, with a mean increase of 109.1 ± 12.8 ng/dL (n= 78). The improvements in the serum testosterone levels were seen regardless of the clinical grade. Microsurgical varicocelectomy resulted in significant increases in the serum testosterone level, independent of the varicocele grade.

OP-071 THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CORONARY ARTERY ECTASIA AND NEUTROPHIL/LYMPHOCYTE RATIO

and severity of coronary artery disease indicated by Gensini score in middle-aged Turkish men. Methods: Between October 2011 and April 2012, 124 middle aged (40–59) male patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease were included in the study. Coronary angiography was performed in all patients and Gensini score was calculated. Total serum testosterone levels were measured. The relation between serum testosterone levels and Gensini score was studied. Results: The mean age of the patients was 51.76±5.47. The mean Gensini score of the patients was 44.11±39.08. The mean plasma T level was 3.51±1.39ng/ml. There was no correlation between T levels (r = 0.236, p > 0.05) and HDL-C levels (r = 0.081, p > 0.05) and TG levels (r = −0.044, p > 0.05). There was a correlation between serum T levels and TC levels (r = 0.236, p: 0.008), LDL-C levels (r = −0.210, p: 0.019), and body surface area (BSA) (r = −0.286, p: 0.001). When the patients with coronary artery disease (Gensini score ≥1) were compared with control group (n =29, Gensini score: 0), the mean serum testosterone levels were lower (3.37±1.34 vs. 3.97±1.46, p: 0.043). Conclusion: The mean serum testosterone levels were lower in coronary artery disease patients. We failed to document its relation with severity of disease by means of Gensini score. Testosterone administration in patients with lower testosterone levels, but within normal range may be a therapeutic option in coronary artery disease in middle aged men in near future.

Effect of noise stress on male rat fertility, and the protective effect of vitamins C and E on its potential effect

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of noise on the fertility of male rats, and to assess the effect of vitamins C and E on its potential effect. Materials and methodsForty adult male rats were randomly divided into five equal groups. Group 1 (control) was not exposed to noise. Groups 2–5 were exposed to noise of 90–130dB and 300–350Hz from 19.00 to 07.00h every day for 50days; group 2 received vitamin C and group 3 received vitamin E. Group 4 received vitamins C and E concomitantly and group 5 received no vitamins. After 50days, the serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH) and testosterone were measured. Each rat was then left for 1week with three female rats, for mating. Pregnant females were killed humanely after 19days of pregnancy and evaluated for the presence and number of viable, dead and absorbed fetuses. ResultsThe mean serum FSH level was statistically significantly different between the control and groups 2 (P<0.05) and 5 (P<0.001). The mean serum LH level differed significantly between the control and groups 2 (P=0.05), 3 (P<0.05) and 5 (P<0.001). The mean serum testosterone level was significantly different between the control and group 5 (P<0.001). Serum FSH, LH and testosterone levels in group 5 were significantly different from all the others (P<0.001). The pregnancy rates in females mated with groups 1 and 5 were statistically different (P<0.05). Comparing groups 1–4, there was no difference in the occurrence of abnormal pregnancy (P>0.05), but group 5 values were significantly different from the others (P<0.001). ConclusionThese data strongly suggest that noise stress has a significant effect on the fertility of male rats.

Serum total testosterone level and identification of late-onset hypogonadism: a community-based study.

PurposeLate-onset hypogonadism (LOH) in aging males is a clinical and biochemical syndrome characterized by a decline in serum testosterone levels. LOH results in various physical and mental disabilities. We evaluated the relationship between serum testosterone levels and symptoms of LOH.Materials and MethodsDuring an andropause screening program, we examined responses to the Saint Louis university androgen deficiency in aging males (ADAM) questionnaire and results on the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) in terms of clinical symptoms and evaluated serum total testosterone levels for a biochemical diagnosis of LOH in healthy community-living volunteers aged over 40 years.ResultsThe mean age of the 534 men was 59.1 years (range, 40 to 79 years), and their mean serum testosterone level was 464.1±171.9 ng/dL. The serum testosterone level decreased significantly with age. There was a 92.5% positive response rate to the ADAM questionnaire. The percentage of patients whose serum testosterone level was <350 ng/dL among those with a positive response to the ADAM questionnaire was 25.6% (137 patients). The mean serum testosterone level among patients with a positive or negative ADAM questionnaire was 472.4±198.5 ng/dL and 487.3±165.7 ng/dL, respectively (p>0.05). There was no significant correlation between IIEF-5 scores and serum testosterone levels.ConclusionsAmong men over 40 years of age, 25.6% met the clinical and biochemical diagnostic criteria for LOH. There was no relationship between serum testosterone levels and symptoms of LOH.

Evaluation of an Aqueous-Ethanolic Extract from Rosmarinus officinalis (Rosemary) for its Activity on the Hormonal and Cellular Function of Testes in Adult Male Rat.

Rosmarinus officinalis has been used in traditional medicine extensively. This study evaluated the hormonal and cellular effects of Rosmarinus officinalis extract on testes of adult rats. Thirty male Wistar rats (in three groups) received 50 or 100 mg/Kg b.w of Rosmarinus officinalis extract (made from the plant's leaves, flower and stem) (treatment groups) and 10 mL/Kg b.w normal saline (control group) respectively, on a daily bases by gavage route for 60 days. Then, spermatological properties, histometric parameters and sperm dynamics, testis and body weight, testicular cell population and serum testosterone level were analyzed by an acceptable method. Results showed that the mean serum testosterone level was decreased significantly in both treatment groups (50 and 100 mg/Kg b.w) during the experiment time, compared with control group (p < 0.05). However, Rosmarinus officinalis did not change the total count, motility and viability of sperm. In addition, Rosmarinus officinalis at both doses did not change body and testes weight and their ratio. Furthermore, Rosmarinus officinalis increased the number of Spermatogonia at both doses, Spermatocyte at doses of 50 mg/Kg b.w, Leydig cell and Spermatid at dose of 100 mg/Kg b.w significantly (p < 0.05). Rosmarinus officinalis did not significantly affect the number of Spermatozoid and Sertoli cells. In conclusion, it seems that Rosmarinus officinalis may have some hormonal and cellular effects on the testes which can contribute the spermatogenesis process in rat. Rosmarinus officinalis may have antiandrogenic effect potentially indicating the possibility of developing herbal male contraceptive.