Meadowsweet Extract Research Articles

A comparative life cycle assessment of phytosterol and meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria) oncoprotective functional food ingredients

The urgent and relevant goals of providing a healthier diet and sustainable food systems taken together require a systematic approach that considers a broader environment for food choice. The paper compares three technologies to produce functional ingredients for preventing oncological diseases - each of them involving different sources of raw materials - a by-product of soybean processing, wild meadowsweet extract and planted meadowsweet extract.Life cycle assessment (LCA) has been selected to justify the choice of raw ingredients and the best technology for the stakeholders. Life cycle inventory analysis (LCIA) of technologies was carried out based on the SimaPro 9.1.1.1. To confirm the results of the LCIA of technologies to produce biologically active substances (BAS) from by-products of soybean oil processing, the following models of the SimaPro 9.1.1.1 software were used: EPD (2018) V1.01, ReCiPe 2016 (Midpoint (H) V1.04 / World (2010) H) and IPCC 2013 (GWP 500a V1.01). The validation of the results and the assessment of the impact of uncertainties in the initial data on the LCA calculations of the technologies were carried out using Monte Carlo method. The results showed that production of BAS from a by-product of soybean oil processing is the most environmentally friendly technology, and the data obtained could add to the life cycle database for the category of “Functional food ingredients” or serve as an example for further research and comparison with other targeted functional ingredients.

Assessment of the Antimetastatic Activity of Extracts of Filipedula ulmaria Depending on Extractant

Three extracts were produced from the above-ground part of the meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. using water, 40% ethanol, and 70% ethanol. Comparative assessment of their actions on the development of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) in C57Bl/6 mice showed that isolated administration led to inhibition of the development of the metastatic process by meadowsweet extracts prepared with water and 70% ethanol, with no effect on growth of the primary tumor. Comparative evaluation of the effects of meadowsweet extracts on the antitumor activity of cyclophosphamide (CP) in relation to primary tumors revealed no change in the efficacy of the cytostatic agent. Inclusion of meadowsweet extracts at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg in the therapeutic regimen of mice with LLC produced significant increases in the antimetastatic action of CP using the aqueous extract (the indexes of inhibition of metastasis (IIM) were 75% and 98%). Meadowsweet extract prepared with 40% ethanol had no effect on the development of the tumor process in mice with LLC or the efficacy of CP treatment.

Эффективность экстрактов <i>Saussurea controversa</i> и <i>Fillipendula ulmaria</i> на фоне антибиотикотерапии остеомиелита в эксперименте

Курсовое применение экстрактов Saussurea controversa DC (S.c.) и Fillipendula ulmaria (L). Maxim. (F.u.), содержащих широкий набор флавонолгликозидов, при экспериментальном остеомиелите приводит к стимуляции гранулопоэза в 2,8 и 2,2 раза соответственно (p = 0,04) и регенерации костной ткани (плотность распределения остеобластов возрастает в 5 раз, p = 0,02) в зоне поражения у крыс. В результате исследования миелограмм костного мозга отмечены активация митотической активности гранулоцитов, увеличение количества миелобластов в 5,6 и 4,2 раза (p = 0,02) и зрелых форм гранулоцитов (в 2,5 и 1,5 раза, p = 0,04), измененных в результате антибиотикотерапии. После применения экстракта S.c. в костном мозге крыс с остеомиелитом возрастает общее количество ядросодержащих клеток в 2,7 (p = 0,04) раза. Улучшение морфологической картины костной ткани (активация клеток эндоста, периоста, появление остеобластических «почек», формирование грануляционной ткани) и формирование зрелой костной ткани более выражено (на 12 %, p = 0,02) при применении экстракта S.c., по сравнению с экстрактом F.u.

Comparative evaluation of osteogenic activity and the effect on hematopoietic function of bone marrow of fractions of Saussurea controversa and Filipendula ulmaria extracts in experimental osteomyelitis

The aim of the work was to study the effect of fractions from Saussurea controversa and Мeadowsweet extracts on hemopoiesis and regeneration of bone tissue, which are the main target indicators in experimental osteomyelitis.Materials and methods. In the experiment we used butanol, water and element-organic fractions from the Saussurea controversa extract as well as ethyl acetate, butanol and water fractions from the Мeadowsweet extract, obtained by liquid extraction of the extracts from corresponding plants with the help of organic solvents. After modeling osteomyelitis of the right femur in rats and course treatment for 28 days, the state of bone marrow hemopoiesis was evaluated and morphological examination of the affected limb was performed.Results. The butanol fraction (at a dose of 10 mg/kg) containing flavonol glycosides, the water fraction (at a dose of 80 mg/kg) containing polysaccharides in its composition and the element-organic fraction (at a dose of 10 mg/kg) represented by organic calcium showed the highest osteogenic activity in the Saussurea controversa extract. The water fraction from the Meadowsweet extract (at a dose of 50 mg/kg) demonstrated pronounced hemopoietic activity due to stimulating erythro-, granulo- and lymphopoiesis in the bone marrow of rats with experimental osteomyelitis.

Influence of Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. Extract on Lewis Lung Carcinoma Development and Cytostatic Therapy Effectiveness in Mice

Meadowsweet extract was prepared by heating the aerial part of Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. in EtOH (70%). Experiments in C57BL/6 mice with Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) showed that the extract at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg exhibited dose-dependent antimetastatic action. Combined treatment of animals with LLC using cyclophosphamide and meadowsweet extract at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg increased the antitumor effect of the cytostatic drug.

Inhibitory Effect of Filipendula ulmaria on Mammary Carcinogenesis Induced by Local Administration of Methylnitrosourea to Target Organ in Rats.

The meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim.) may have a cancer prophylactic activity, since its extracts exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and other effects. We investigated the ability of a meadowsweet decoction to inhibit mammary carcinogenesis induced by intramammary injections of Methylnitrosourea (MNU) to the target organ in rats. The chemical composition of meadowsweet extracts was studied by traditional methods. In animal experiments, adult outbred female rats received single injections of MNU at a dose 1mg directly into the tissue of each mammary gland. After carcinogenic exposure one group (MNU) of rats continued to receive standard feed and tap water throughout life. In another group (MNU+meadowsweet), rats were given daily a decoction of the meadowsweet instead of drinking water and standard feed. Meadowsweet extracts showed a sufficiently high content of flavonoids and tannins and also some individual phenolic compounds. In rats after injections of MNU the overall incidence of tumors was 90% with tumor multiplicity of 3.1. The majority of rats (86%) developed multiple malignant tumors of the mammary gland (most often adenocarcinomas). In rats from the group MNU+meadowsweet, there was a statistically significant decrease of the overall tumor multiplicity-by 1.5 times, and the incidence and multiplicity of breast tumors-by 1.6 and 2.2 times, respectively. Meadowsweet extract can be considered an effective inhibitor of breast carcinogenesis.

The inhibitory effect of Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. on colorectal carcinogenesis induced in rats by methylnitrosourea

Ethnopharmacological relevanceMeadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim.) is a medicinal plant with a variety of therapeutic properties, traditionally used in various diseases including treatment and prevention of tumors. The aim of this study was to present an ethnomedicinal justification that a meadowsweet decoction is able to inhibit colorectal carcinogenesis induced by the methylnitrosourea (MNU) in rats. Materials and methodsThe chemical composition of meadowsweet extracts was studied by traditional methods. In animal experiments adult outbred female rats received four intrarectal instillations of MNU, one per week, at dose 4 mg in 0.5 ml saline (the total dose of MNU during the 4-week exposure was 16 mg/rat). After carcinogenic exposure one group (MNU) of rats continued to receive standard feed and tap water throughout life. In another group (MNU+meadowsweet), rats were given daily a decoction of the meadowsweet instead of drinking water and standard feed. ResultsMeadowsweet extracts showed a sufficiently high content of flavonoids and tannins and also some individual phenolic compounds and salicylic acid. In rats after administration of MNU the overall incidence of tumors was 91% with tumor multiplicity of 3.5. The majority of rats (86%) developed multiple tumors of large intestine (most often adenocarcinomas:88 from 107; index of multiplicity – 2.0). In rats from the group MNU+meadowsweet there was a statistically significant decrease of the overall tumor incidence and multiplicity–by 1.4 and 2.9 times, respectively, and the incidence and multiplicity of colon tumors – by 2.0 and 2.8 times, respectively; the incidence and multiplicity of malignant tumors of other localizations was also reduced–by 2.2 and 3.0 times, respectively. ConclusionsMeadowsweet extract is an effective inhibitor of colorectal carcinogenesis in experiment, that provides support for the traditional use of this plant in the oncology.

Evaluation of the in vitro effect of Boldo and Meadowsweet plant extracts on the expression of antimicrobial peptides and inflammatory markers in canine keratinocytes

Dogs with allergies are prone to skin infections and treatments/preventatives to boost innate immune-defenses are beneficial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Boldo and Meadowsweet extracts on the expression of β-defensins (cBD), cathelicidin (cCath), and pro-inflammatory cytokines in canine keratinocyte.This study had two phases. Phase I evaluated mRNA expression of cBD103 and cCath, and secretion of cCath, IL-8 and TNF-α by keratinocytes harvested from healthy (n=5) and atopic (n=5) age-matched beagles exposed to Boldo (2% to 0.2%) and Meadowsweet (1% to 0.2%) extracts. Phase II focused on atopic keratinocytes (n=14) exposed to 0.2% Boldo, 0.2% Meadowsweet, and a mixture of 0.1% of both extracts.Phase I: cBD103 mRNA (all concentrations) and TNF-α secretion (2% Boldo) were increased in atopic compared with healthy keratinocytes. In atopic keratinocytes, cBD103 was increased after exposure to 1.5% and 0.2% Boldo. In healthy keratinocytes, 1% and 0.2% Meadowsweet, and 2% Boldo increased and decreased IL-8 secretion, respectively. In atopic keratinocytes, IL-8 increased after exposure to 1% and 0.4% Meadowsweet extract.Phase II: cBD103 mRNA increased after exposure to 0.2% Meadowsweet and to 0.1% mixture. cCath was increased after 0.2% Boldo, but decreased after 0.2% Meadowsweet or the 0.1% mixture. TNF-α secretion was decreased after 0.2% Boldo.It is concluded that low concentrations of both extracts and their combination may have some effects on cCath and cBD103 without stimulating an inflammatory response. However, more studies are needed to clarify the effects of these extracts on the local immunity.

The inhibitory effect of meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria) on radiation-induced carcinogenesis in rats

Purpose: To examine the ability of the meadowsweet preparation to inhibit carcinogenesis induced by ionizing radiation in female rats.Materials and methods: The chemical composition of meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria) raw material (ethanol and aqueous extracts of meadowsweet flowers) has been studied for the presence of flavonoids, tannins and catechins. Adult female LIO strain rats were subjected to a single whole body γ-irradiation at a dose of 4 Gy in animal experiments. One group of irradiated rats served as control while the other group, starting from the 10th day after irradiation and until the end of the experiment, was given meadowsweet as a decoction of the flowers instead of drinking water. The average daily intake of meadowsweet (dry raw material) was 1 g/kg body weight. Rats were observed for 16 months.Results: The analyzed meadowsweet extracts showed a sufficiently high content of flavonoids and tannins. In irradiated rats after 16 months the overall incidence of tumors was 79.6% (in 82 of 103 rats), the incidence of malignant tumors was 43.7% and the overall tumor multiplicity was 1.48. Most tumors were localized in the mammary gland – 57.3%. In rats that received meadowsweet, the incidence of all malignant tumors and overall multiplicity of tumors were significantly decreased by 1.5 and 1.3 times, respectively. The greatest reduction of many parameters has been identified for breast tumors: the overall incidence was decreased by 1.5 (p = 0.0174) and the overall multiplicity and multiplicity of malignant tumors – by 1.6 (p = 0.0002) and 2.2 (p = 0.0383) times, respectively.Conclusions: Meadowsweet preparation showed inhibiting activity on radiation carcinogenesis.

The inhibiting activity of meadowsweet extract on neurocarcinogenesis induced transplacentally in rats by ethylnitrosourea.

Inhibitory activity of a decoction of meadowsweet, given postnatally, was studied in rats at risk for neurogenic and renal tumors initiated by transplacental exposure to ethylnitrosourea (ENU). Chemical analysis of ethanol and aqueous extracts of meadowsweet has shown high content of biologically active flavonoids and tannins. Pregnant rats of LIO strain were given a single i.v. injection of ENU, 75mg/kg, оn the 21st day of gestation. After weaning at 3 weeks after birth, the offspring were divided into two groups: the first was a positive control (ENU), while rats in the second group (ENU + meadowsweet) were given daily a decoction of meadowsweet as drinking water throughout their lifetime. All rats of the first group (ENU) developed multiple malignant tumors, which occurred in brain (86%), spinal cord (43%), peripheral and cranial nerves (29%) and in kidney (31%). More than one-third of CNS tumors were oligodendrogliomas. Mixed gliomas (oligoastrocytomas) occurred less frequently. All other types including astrocytomas, glioblastomas, and ependymomas were rare. All PNS tumors were neurinomas (schwannomas). The spectrum of tumors was similar in rats of the second group. Postnatal consumption of meadowsweet significantly reduced number of tumor-bearing rats (by 1.2 times), the incidence and multiplicity of CNS tumors (brain-by 2.0 and 2.1 times, respectively; spinal cord-by 3.1 and 3.0 times, respectively) and significantly increased latency period, compared to rats of the first group. No significant reduction in PNS or renal tumors was seen in rats given meadowsweet. Meadowsweet extract can be considered an effective cancer preventive agent especially as a neurocarcinogenesis inhibitor.

In vitro and in vivo assessment of meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria) as anti-inflammatory agent

Ethnopharmacological relevanceMeadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim, Rosaceae) has been traditionally used in most European countries for the treatment of inflammatory diseases due to its antipyretic, analgesic, astringent, and anti-rheumatic properties. However, there is little scientific evidence on F. ulmaria anti-inflammatory effects regarding its impact on cyclooxygenases enzymatic activity and in vivo assessment of anti-inflammatory potential. This study aims to reveal the anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic extracts from the aerial parts (FUA) and roots (FUR) of F. ulmaria, both in in vitro and in vivo conditions. Materials and methodsThe characteristic phenolic compounds in F. ulmaria extracts were monitored via high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of F. ulmaria extracts was evaluated using cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme assays, and an assay for determining COX-2 gene expression. The in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of F. ulmaria extracts was determined in two doses (100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.) with hot plate test and carrageenan-induced paw edema test in rats. Inflammation was also evaluated by histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. ResultsFUA extract showed the presence of rutoside, spiraeoside, and isoquercitrin. Both F. ulmaria extracts at a concentration of 50μg/mL were able to inhibit COX-1 and -2 enzyme activities, whereby FUA extract (62.84% and 46.43% inhibition, respectively) was double as effective as the root extract (32.11% and 20.20%, respectively). Extracts hardly inhibited the level of COX-2 gene expression in THP-1 cells at a concentration of 25μg/mL (10.19% inhibition by FUA and 8.54% by FUR). In the hot plate test, both extracts in two doses (100 and 200mg/kg b.w.), exhibited an increase in latency time when compared with the control group (p<0.05). In the carrageenan-induced acute inflammation test, FUA at doses of 100 and 200mg/kg b.w., and FUR at 200mg/kg, were able to significantly reduce the mean maximal swelling of rat paw until 6h of treatment. Indomethacin, FUA, and FUR extracts significantly decreased inflammation score and this effect was more pronounced after 24h, compared to the control group (p<0.05). ConclusionsThe observed results of in vitro and, for the first time, in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of meadowsweet extracts, provide support of the traditional use of this plant in the treatment of different inflammatory conditions. Further investigation of the anti-inflammatory compounds could reveal the mechanism of anti-inflammatory action of these extracts.

Antioxidant, antimicrobial and neutrophil-modulating activities of herb extracts.

The present study provides a comprehensive data on the antioxidant, antimicrobial and neutrophil-modulating activities of extracts from six medicinal plants--blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) leaves, chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) leaves, hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) leaves, lady's mantle (Alchemilla glabra) aerial parts, meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria) aerial parts and raspberry (Rubus idaeus) leaves. In order to analyze the antioxidant activity of the herbs, several methods (ORAC, TRAP, HORAC and inhibition of lipid peroxidation) were used. Blackberry leaves and meadowsweet extracts revealed the highest antioxidant activities via all methods. All extracts studied blocked almost completely the opsonized zymosan particle-activated ROS production by neutrophils from human whole blood. On the other hand, the effect of extracts on phorbol myristate acetate-activated ROS production was much milder and even nonsignificant in the case of chokeberry leaves. This latter result suggests that extracts (apart from their antioxidative activity) interfere with the signaling cascade of phagocyte activation upstream of the protein kinase C activation. The antimicrobial activity of the investigated extracts against 11 human pathogens was investigated using three different methods. Meadowsweet and blackberry leaves extracts had the highest antimicrobial effect and the lowest minimal inhibiting concentrations (MICs) against the microorganisms tested.

Development of the Composition, Technology, and Standardization of Tablets Containing Dry Extract of Meadowsweet Filipendula Ulmaria (L.) Maxim.

A commercially viable composition for tablets containing dry meadowsweet [Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim.] extract was developed. A direct pressing method was proposed and product quality standards were defined based on a study of the processing properties of the dry plant extract and tableting mixtures. A combined method for both qualitative (TLC on silica gel, UV spectroscopy) and quantitative (differential spectrophotometry using quercetin State Standard Sample) was developed for determination of flavonoids in the tablets. Three batches of tablets satisfying all requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia XIth Ed. and Industry Standard 64.7.170 – 75 were manufactured based on the dry meadowsweet extract.

New plant agents with cerebroprotective effect

The meadowsweet (Filipendula vulgaris) extract in a greater degree, than valerian extract improves in albino rat's brain the kinetic characteristics of mitochondrion respiratory activity, increases the association of substrate oxidation with ADP phosphorylation in experimental posthypoxic encephalopathy. The nettle (Urtica dioica) extract increases in albino rat's brain the rate of cycle Krebs substrate utilization and oxidative phosphorylation coupling in experimental inhibition of fatty acids p-oxidation caused with 4-pentenoic acid. The meadowsweet and nettle extracts posses the expressed antioxidant effect.

Chemical composition and biological activity of a fraction of meadowsweet extract

Studies of the chemical composition of a butanol fraction of an extract from the above-ground part of the meadowsweet in 70% ethanol yielded five substances which were flavonoids (quercetin, isoquercetin, quercetin 4′-glucoside, rutin) and phenolcarboxylic acids (gallic acid). The fraction was found to have nootropic actions, with antiamnestic, antihypoxic, antioxidant, and adaptogenic activities. Studies of the antioxidant properties of the individual compounds showed that isoquercetin, quercetin 4′-glucoside, and rutin were more active than dihydroquercetin and ascorbic acid.

Hepatoprotective properties of fractions from meadowsweet extract during experimental toxic hepatitis

Fractions of the extract from meadowsweet aerial parts in 70% ethanol exhibited hepatoprotective properties during CCl4-induced toxic hepatitis. This extract produced a normalizing effect on activity of enzymes, markers of cytolysis, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant defense system in liver cells. Fractionation of the extract was accompanied by dissociation of the effect. These changes reflect specific action of a complex of bioactive substances. The ethyl acetate and chloroform fractions from this extract were most potent. The effectiveness of these fractions by several parameters surpassed that of Carsil.

Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of meadowsweet extract during experimental toxic hepatitis

The extract of meadowsweet aerial parts exhibits hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity during experimental toxic CCl(4) hepatitis. This extract improved liver function. Meadowsweet extract in 70% ethanol (100 mg/kg) was most potent and exhibited low toxicity. By several parameters the effectiveness of this extract surpassed that of Carsil.