Matters Of Religion Research Articles

Religion and ESL Teacher Identity in Malaysia Context: Does Religion Matter?

This paper aims to showcase the interrelationship between religion and ESL teacher identity by using the literature on religion, religion and English teacher, religion and English teacher identity, as well as religion and English Language Teaching (ELT). Despite the potential significance of religious beliefs in shaping teacher identity, this area has received little attention. By examining the literature on religion and ELT, this paper seeks to contribute to our understanding of the importance of religious beliefs in shaping teacher identity. The significance of this study lies in its potential to inform teacher training programs and promote culturally sensitive and inclusive learning environments. This study reveals that religious beliefs play a significant role in shaping ESL teacher identity. Religious beliefs are deeply personal and intimately intertwined with one’s identity, and they can influence teaching practices and interactions with students. The study proposes a conceptual framework for future research on the impact of religious beliefs on ESL teacher identity. The article also suggest that a study focuses on the impact of religious beliefs on ESL teacher identity, whether religion matters in shaping and negotiating ESL teacher identity, should be conducted in Malaysia, a country with a diverse religious landscape. These findings have important implications for teacher training programs and for creating inclusive learning environments that take into account the religious and cultural diversity of students.

Systemic delays to abortion access undermine the health and rights of abortion seekers across Australia.

Systemic delays to abortion access undermine the health and rights of abortion seekers across Australia.

Educational Experiences and Aspiration of Muslim Women in India: Issue and Challenges

The Indian Constitution is devoted to citizen equality and the state’s responsibility to defend, safeguard and ensure minorities’ rights in matters of language, religion and culture. The rewards of every growth process have been evenly distributed among all religious communities. Muslims, who make up the largest minority group in the nation and account for 14.2% of the total population, are particularly behind in terms of the majority of human development indices. Despite the fact that Muslims often feel underprivileged, there has not been a systematic attempt since the country’s independence to examine the situation of its religious minority. The first attempt to describe situations in the community using extensive empirical data is the report of the high-level committee on the social, economic and educational status of Muslims in India, popularly known as the Sachar Committee. It offers the framework for a well-informed discussion about Muslim situations from an equitable perspective. The present study has tried to find out the major problems faced by women who wish to pursue education at school and at higher education institutions. Overall, the major finding of the study revealed that Muslim women have faced a double disadvantage in terms of accessing educational institutions, low educational attainment and low educational quality.

Analisis Pemicu Ketegangan Antara Kaum Mutafaqqih Terhadap Kaum Sufi Tentang Fiqih Dan Agama

One of the problems that occur in Islamic civilization is the conflict and debate among Muslims. This is because there is a difference in perception between the Sufis whose views are spiritual in nature and the mutafaqqih who are external in nature. However, the difference in principle between the two mutafaqqih and the Sufis is only at an empirical level. Due to the fact that fiqh is symbolic, legalistic, exoteric and formalistic in nature so that it tends to see an action from conditions and pillars, legal and illegal. This research will only examine the differences in the views of the mutafaqqih towards the Sufis in matters of jurisprudence and religion from a historical perspective. This research concludes that among the reasons for the disagreement between the Sufis and the mutafaqqih regarding fiqh and religion is the existence of a disagreement between the two. The difference is in the outer and inner aspects, if the mutafaqqih focus on practicing the shari'ah, while the Sufis focus on the inner side so that they continue to remember Allah SWT and feel pleasure with him. Since the beginning of history, Sufism has not tolerated Sufis and their teachings. The mutafaqqih accuse the Sufis of rejecting formal worship or ritual aspects of Islam, while the mutafaqqih accuse the Sufis of only dealing with inner development, so they are accused of ignoring the outward laws of the Shari'a.
 Keywords: Mutafaqqih, Sufi, Fiqh, Religion

Sheik Muhammad Abdul kharim Al-Maghili and His Role in Strengthening Islamic Political Thought in Northern Nigeria

The political thought and judicial system before the advent of Islam in Northern Nigeria was based on its traditions and inherited customs. After the emergence of Islam in the land, Kings adopted the system of Islamic Sharia’. Nevertheless, research in Islamic political thought was not as developed as it was in the jurisprudence of worship and marriage. Perhaps, there are terrible things happening in the Islamic Emirates in this period. Based on this, the aim of this research is to explain the role of Sheikh Muhammad Abdul Karim al-Maghili in reforming the situation that the nation was in, and in promoting Islamic Political Thought in northern Nigeria. Finally, the researchers concluded that Islamic Political Thought in northern Nigeria was invigorated by the vision of Imam al-Maghili, and his participation in activating political affairs, as they also proved that this thought was mature enough to solve all the problems of the nation, because it is founded on a divine approach and divine laws that covered the interests of people in matters of religion and everyday life.

Jurisprudential Questions of the Companions the Mother of the Believers Aisha Through the two Sahihs in the Chapter on Prayer - a Comparative Jurisprudential Study -

I have shown in this research the status of the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, and their favor and jurisprudence, due to their closeness to the Prophet, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, They used to ask the Prophet during his life among them about matters of religion and when he moved to the Supreme Companion they asked his wives, and the best of his wives, peace and blessings be upon them, is a mother of Believers Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, is one of the companions ’jurists and teaches them the rulings of religion. I initiated the research with an introduction which indicates the significance of the research , the reason behind selecting it and its produces. I have divided this research into two parts. In the first part , I presented the companions , their position and Mrs. Aisha, her merits, jurisprudence, and position. Moreover, I have presented the most correct book after The Book of Allah Almighty and they are the two Sahihs, Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim. I became acquainted with them and the reasons for their authorship. It was studied by a comparative jurisprudential investigation, and the research was concluded with a conclusion, sources and references.

From religious liberty to faith in America: JFK, Mitt Romney, and the rise of the religious right

ABSTRACT In 1960, John Kennedy, the Democratic nominee for president, appeared before the Greater Houston Ministerial Association to address concerns about what the election of a Catholic would mean for Protestant America. His speech was a classic defense of the separation of church and state and the right to privacy in matters of religion. In 2007, in his first, unsuccessful run for the presidential nomination of the Republican Party, Mitt Romney gave a similar speech trying to explain how his Mormon faith would inform his term in office. The speeches had similar purposes, with each candidate trying to calm fears about his faith, but the differences between them are striking and reveal much about the changing role of religion in presidential politics over those forty-seven years. The most consequential change in the intersection of American religion and politics between these two speeches was the emergence of the religious right and its place as a part of the Republican Party’s base. Where Kennedy faced a more generalized Protestant resistance to his candidacy, Romney had to deal with a conservative faction within the Republican Party that had embraced a specific policy agenda. Kennedy was thus able to appeal to broader American values such as religious liberty and church/state separation, while Romney, to win the nomination, had to support policies that weakened his appeal in the general election.

Динамика веры по Дж.Г. Ньюмену

The paper undertakes a broad thematic contextualization of John Henry Newman’s (1801–1890) theory of the development of Christian doctrine in the expanses of European philosophical and theological thought. A typology of solutions to the main problem of the era faced by the young Anglican theologian in the first half of the XIXth century is proposed, – a combination of historical relativism and dogmatic absolutism in matters of religion. Three strategies for solving the question posed boil down to the following types: 1) acceptance of history, 2) denial of history, 3) interaction of history and dogmas. According to the characteristic features, Newman’s concept should be attributed to the first type, although it has its own characteristics that distinguish its approach from similar solutions to the problem. A feature of Newman’s approach indicates the predominance of philosophical instruments and methods over historical ones. Such optics provide additional resources for interpreting both the concept itself and its key elements, in particular the categories of faith and reason, faith as consent. Additional materials that preceded the appearance of Newman’s main book on the problem of development (“An Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine,” 1845) are given as an appendix (Oxford sermon “Implicit and Explicit Reason”, 1840) and represent the first translation into Russian of one of the key elements for understanding the entire concept – Newman invented the distiction of the implicit and explicit stages of faith or states of mind.

Manuel Murillo Toro (1816—1880) — Leader of the Colombian Radicals: a Historical Portrait

Manuel Murillo Toro (1816—1880) belonged to the galaxy of prominent political figures of Colombia of the XIX century. Politician, statesman, journalist, economist, diplomat, parliamentarian, during the years of the “Radical Olympus” twice president of the country (1864—1866, 1872—1874). The leader of the radical wing of the Colombian liberals (golgots), who carried out cardinal political, economic and social transformations that went down in the history of the country as the revolution of the 1850s — XIX centuries. An implacable defender of democratic, liberal and civic values and freedoms. Murillo’s main political slogan is just peace and general prosperity. He is a supporter of republican forms of government based on the principles of federalism. His views were formed under the influence of philosophical, economic, political and utopian ideas that dominated world social thought at that time. He is the author and initiator of many important reforms and projects, such as the abolition of slavery and the death penalty, tax reform, separation of church and state, universal suffrage, the introduction of jury trials, freedom of the press, speech, the most radical project of agrarian reform and many others. His tolerance in matters of religion ensured him the respect of the Catholic clergy, his patriotic activities as head of state gave a powerful impetus to the material progress of the country, and adherence to the letter of the law and constitutional norms won the support and recognition of his associates. He did not leave behind monumental works, memoirs. The main views of Murillo are reflected in his articles decrees, messages to Congress and the government. In modern Colombian historiography, the life and work of this prominent Colombian politician continues to be the focus of attention of Colombian researchers. Without pretending to a comprehensive analysis, we will be the first in Russian Latin American studies to try to highlight the most important moments in the life and political activities of a prominent leader of radical liberalism.

Pola Asuh Orang Tua Beda Agama dalam Menanamkan Nilai-Nilai Religiusitas Kepada Peserta Didik

This study aims to obtain information about the parenting style of parents of different religions in instilling religious values in students at SMA Negeri 13 Depok. This study used a qualitative approach with a qualitative descriptive research method. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 13, Depok City, West Java. Data collection was carried out using a purposive sampling technique. The results of this study indicate that the parenting style of parents of different religions that are not in line causes confusion in children. The role of parents who tend to be authoritarian will make children afraid and even more in the opposite direction. Parents are also expected to be wiser and lower their respective egos and build positive communication with children by being introduced to the two beliefs held by their parents, not providing an understanding of which religion is better. Because the values of religiosity are not only a matter of religion but how to build aqidah, worship, and morals. Parents of different religions should be prepared for the consequences of being a member of a minority religion in the family. Therefore, it takes an adult, wise, and calm attitude from parents so that children are not confused about their religious status. Because, both parents who are of different religions should have known the impact on children's development when deciding to get married. In conclusion, the role of parents is very important in shaping the personality, character, morals and education of children, parents of different religions must be prepared for all the consequences and be wiser in building communication about religiosity to children.
 
 Key words: parenting, different religious families, religious values, children, SMA Negeri 13 Depok

Developing Student-Inclusive Characters Through Al-Quran and Ḥadīth

Education is a fundamentally important social activity, and its major objective is to improve the social environment. Therefore, education that focuses on establishing an inclusive and open attitude, particularly in matters of religion, is essential, particularly in the lives of people who live in a society with a varied range of beliefs and practices. Hence, the primary objective of this research is to analyze how developing student-inclusive characters through learning Quran and ḥadīth. The research employed a full qualitative method and data documentation through the semi-structured interview method by using Bahasa Indonesia, which was then analyzed descriptively. The interview took place at MAN 1 Yogyakarta and it involved various participants. Based on the findings of the research, it is possible to develop student-inclusive characters through the study of Quranic verses and ḥadīth texts by employing three practices; the historical approach, values examination, and case analysis. Thus, students will confidently be able to form groups of individuals who live in harmony, and it may provide a means of resolving various problems and hatred.

Letter from the Editor

Letter from the Editor

On the Value of Doubt

On the Value of Doubt

The Holy Exclusion: Religious Belief or Gender Bias? Strategies for the Embodiment of Gender Equality among Different Religions in Contemporary India

Aim Religion in India continues to remain a male-bastion with men occupying positions of leadership in religious institutions and wielding inordinate control. Against this backdrop, this research analyses the recent emergence of women claiming their space in religion, with specific focus on decision making powers, accessibility to religious careers, and rights and entitlements to religious finances and accruements.
 Methods The review made use of extensive and in-depth analysis off secondary sources of research and informative materials available, specifically on the subject matters of religion, women and modern feminist campaigns. Major sources utilized were newspapers articles, journal articles, scholarly research on related topics and court hearings and judgments of relevant cases.
 Results The analysis reveals that there is clear progress by feminist movements in challenging inequality in religion, by demanding equal access to places of worship and questioning religious practices that exclude them. Women are calling out male leadership where they have abused their power under the guise of faith. Feminist movements are also demanding women’s participation in the financial endowments that accrues to religion. Women are also making determined entry into careers related to religion. The growing number of institutions that provide religious training to women are not only enabling women to take up priestly and other religious roles, but also equipping them to question patriarchal interpretation of scriptures.
 Conclusion While the rising feminist movement towards obtaining equality within religion becomes quite apparent, one of the contributing factors could be the consistency of the judiciary in upholding the constitutional rights granted to women. Specifically, the Supreme Court, with its judgements and progressive interpretations of religious laws, has aided the women in their struggle. Since the questioning of patriarchal control of religious structures is happening almost parallelly across all major religions in India, it can also be theorised that there is a rising feministic consciousness that underpins the quest for religious equality and equal treatment.

BEYOND THE BOUNDARIES: UNDERSTANDING BUDDHIST DEVELOPMENT FROM ORIENT TO OCCIDENT WITH REFERENCE TO ITALY AND DANTE

On the viewpoint of topographical location Orient and Occident are two sides of the globe.Socially,culturally,linguistically, traditionally, politically, philosophically and psychologically both are two entirely different entities. Rudyard Kipling wrote the poem titled 'The Ballad of East and West' in which he said “Oh, East is East, and West is West, and never the twain shall meet”(Jouhki,2006,p 01).However,when the matter of meditation,religion,spirituality,devotion,high spirits,deep feelings and beliefs etc.arises it is observable that Occident tends to go in line with Orient.But unfortunately due to false beliefs both eastern and western scholars took no importance of East on the West and it has been made to notice that only Orient has learnt from the Occident.Kipling expressed further “But there is neither East nor West,Border,nor Breed,nor Birth,When two strong men stand face to face, tho' they come from the ends of the earth!” (Jouhki, 2006, p 15).The present paper tries to explore the influence of Orient to Occident especially in the frame of the reference of Buddhism

Fostering Religious Inclusivism Attitudes in School Through Learning The Quran and Ḥadīth

Education is a vitally essential social activity with the primary goal of enriching the social situation. Therefore, education that emphasizes building an inclusive and open attitude, particularly in religious matters, is crucial, particularly in the lives of a diverse society. This study aims to demonstrate how teaching selected passages from the Quran and the Ḥadīth in classrooms might help foster an inclusive mentality. This study used a qualitative approach with analytical descriptive research methods. A total of thirteen people participated in this study; eleven students from the Aliyah level and two educators from the MAN 1 Yogyakarta. The data was acquired through a combination of observation and semi-structured interviews. The study results indicated that the formation of inclusive religious attitudes through Quranic teaching and Ḥadīth could be accomplished using an integrative learning methodology based on historical approach, values analysis and case studies geared toward an inclusive model. Thus, students will automatically develop an inclusive and open attitude toward a variety of multicultural thoughts, including in matters of religion. As a result, it will allow them to build social groups of people living in harmony and may provide a way to solve various conflicts and hostility.

Civic and Uncivic Values in Poland: Value Transformation, Education, and Culture

Civic and Uncivic Values in Poland: Value Transformation, Education, and Culture

Томас Чабб и три основы его деистической философии

The article presents a brief biography of the little-studied British deist Thomas Chubb (1679-1747) and a reconstruction of his ideas about capabilities of human mind. The goal of this article is to study the religious philosophy of T. Chubb that Russian studies does not distinguish from ideas of other deists. That is why the idea of the phenomenon of deism is still less clear in relation to foreign studies. The article analyzes and presents Chubbs concepts about the independence of religious truths from human perception, that are presented in «Discourse concerning Reason, with Regard to Religion and Divine Revelation» (1733) and «An Enquiry into the Ground and Foundation of Religion». The article documents that the English philosopher formulated three "author's" truths of natural religion: there is an initial difference between objects, independent of human perception; this distinction is the basis for human behavior; God made these foundations a moral rule for all people and for himself. The work identifies and analyzes the definition of the phenomenon of "deism" in Chubb's treatises, as well as an assessment of his philosophy in the context of this definition – the natural religion of reason or belief and just and sense of a Deity impressed upon the mind, and is the governing principle of a man’s-affections and actions. The correlation of the ideas of Thomas Chubb and Matthew Tindal is analyzed. At the end of the article, a brief conclusion is made about the place of T. Chubbs philosophy to deism in general. The author of this work believes that despite the absence of references to other deists by the English philosopher, the ideas of this thinker fit into their religious and philosophical system, specifically about the issue of understanding natural religion. The sources of this article are treaties «The Sufficiency of Reason in Matters of Religion, Farther Considered» (1732), «Discourse concerning Reason, with Regard to Religion and Divine Revelation» (1733), «Some reflections upon the comparative excellency and usefulness of moral and positive duties» (1733), «The true Gospel of Jesus Christ Asserted»(1741) and several other treatises.

Implementation Of Human Oriented Head Supervision In Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Darussalam Awayan

<p><em>As the head of the madrasa, of course, he is faced with several complex problems, especially in understanding the administration of madrasa management, therefore the head of the madrasa is required to have basic skills in supervising in matters of religion, professionalism, managerial and competition. This study aims to explain the implementation of madrasa head supervision on a human-oriented basis at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Darussalam Awayan. The research method used is a qualitative method with the type of research narrative research and data collection by means of observation and interviews. The data obtained is then reduced, data display and data verification. The results of the study explain that the principal at Madrasah Darussalam Awayan uses a human-oriented approach in the implementation of their supervision, including by personal approach to teachers who experience problems in learning, two-way discussions in the principal's office, guidance on problems faced by teachers by means of peer tutoring. and improving the quality of teachers by providing trainings in collaboration with external parties who have the competence to solve teacher problems. This research contributes to the supervision pattern of madrasah principals in a more elegant and humane way for teachers without dropping and degrading the professionalism of the guidance teachers. two-way discussions in the principal's office, guidance on problems faced by teachers by conducting peer tutoring and improving the quality of teachers by providing trainings in collaboration with external parties who have the competence to solve teacher problems. This research contributes to the supervision pattern of madrasah principals in a more elegant and humane way for teachers without dropping and degrading the professionalism of the guidance teachers. two-way discussions in the principal's office, guidance on problems faced by teachers by conducting peer tutoring and improving the quality of teachers by providing trainings in collaboration with external parties who have the competence to solve teacher problems. This research contributes to the supervision pattern of madrasah principals in a more elegant and humane way for teachers without dropping and degrading the professionalism of the guidance teachers.</em></p>

Religious Conflict and Islamic Strategies of Peacebuilding in Indonesia

<p align="left">Religious conflict is not only a matter of religion, but also a matter of human life who wants peace in life. By understanding the Islamic strategy in building peace in Indonesia, we can find conflict resolution that must be developed in life. This study argues that conflict and Islam’s strategy in building peace is a study of conflict resolution in overcoming violence and truth claims in religion. Thus, this study formulates the question of how religious conflict and Islamic strategies of peace building in Indonesia are? This study uses the library research to find sources of conflict and Islamic strategies in building peace in Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that conflict and Islamic strategies in building peace provide an overview: (1) the conflict has become a public debate about truth claims and religious violence; (2) religious culture and moderation are the strategy of Islam in building peace in Indonesia. The findings of this study indicate that conflict and Islamic strategies in building peace as conflict resolution exist in Indonesia.</p>