Polysaccharide Matrix Research Articles

Nanobiocomposites of Pharmacophoric Iron and Bismuth Oxides with Arabinogalactan Matrix

Water-soluble nanocomposites with narrow distribution of nanoparticles of pharmacophore bismuth and iron oxides have been obtained. The biopolymer matrix of the arabinogalactan polysaccharide has exhibited strong stabilizing properties with respect to transition metal oxides. The size of the spherical metal oxide nanoparticles has been found of 5–7 nm as per transmission electron microscopy. The exclusion liquid chromatography data have revealed that the change in the molecular mass parameters of arabinogalactan is due to the combined processes of self-assembly of nanocomposites and alkaline decomposition.

Dynamics of Acetyl Homeostasis in Bacillus subtilis

Bacillus subtilis biofilms are effective models for studying prokaryotic multicellular systems. These biofilms, multicellular bacterial communities encased in a protective polysaccharide and protein matrix, are associated with several bacterial and chronic infections but can also serve beneficial purposes in agriculture and wastewater treatment. Recent investigation into post‐translational protein modification in bacteria has elucidated important regulatory mechanisms for growth and biofilm formation. Protein acetylation has been observed to regulate bacterial multicellularity, and it is closely linked to cellular metabolism by using acetyl metabolites as donors of acetyl groups. The goal of this study is to examine the role of protein lysine acetylation as a regulatory mechanism for metabolism B. subtilis. We hypothesize that bacteria use acetylation as a buffering mechanism for acetyl metabolites to balance levels and prevent metabolite toxicity by increasing acetylation during times of high acetyl metabolite levels and deacetylating proteins to restore metabolites during times of low levels. Wild type bacteria as well as knockout mutants affecting protein acetylation and the carbon overflow pathway are grown in biofilm‐inducing minimal media, and cell and supernatant samples are collected at various ODs. Acetyl‐CoA, acetyl‐phosphate, and acetate levels over the course of growth are measured using fluorometric and colorimetric metabolite test level kits. Dynamics of global lysine acetylation levels are also measured by an anti‐acetyl lysine Western blot. Work so far has focused primarily on optimizing and troubleshooting metabolite assay kits by modifying growth and sample preparation conditions. Acetate dynamics have been measured for the wild type bacteria, showing a continuous secretion of acetate into the supernatant throughout exponential growth. This result is expected, as rapid growth should coincide with continuous utilization of the carbon overflow pathway. Initial Western blots show increased acetylation in the ΔackAΔacuCΔsrtN triple knockout mutant, which is expected due to a buildup of acetyl phosphate and inhibition of deacetylase activity. Future research will also focus on analyzing mutated genes in Δpta suppressor mutants to uncover genes related to acetyl‐CoA‐mediated cell death. Findings from this study will promote the understanding of the regulatory mechanisms behind biofilm formation and potentially uncover novel information about bacterial survival strategies and programmed cell death.Support or Funding InformationThis project was funded by grants from the National Science Foundation, the Northeastern University Honors Program, and the Northeastern University Office of Undergraduate Research and Fellowships.

Hydrogen Peroxide-Generating Electrochemical Scaffold Activity against Trispecies Biofilms.

The antibiofilm activity of a hydrogen peroxide-generating electrochemical scaffold (e-scaffold) was determined against mono- and trispecies biofilms of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans Significant time-dependent decreases were found in the overall CFU of biofilms of all three monospecies and the trispecies forms. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed dramatic reductions in fluorescence intensities of biofilm matrix protein and polysaccharide components of e-scaffold-treated biofilms. The described e-scaffold has potential as a novel antibiotic-free strategy for treating wound biofilms.

Microgravity Affects the Level of Matrix Polysaccharide 1,3:1,4-β-Glucans in Cell Walls of Rice Shoots by Increasing the Expression Level of a Gene Involved in Their Breakdown.

The plant cell wall provides each cell with structural support and mechanical strength, and thus, it plays an important role in supporting the plant body against the gravitational force. We investigated the effects of microgravity on the composition of cell wall polysaccharides and on the expression levels of genes involved in cell wall metabolism using rice shoots cultivated under artificial 1 g and microgravity conditions on the International Space Station. The bulk amount of the cell wall obtained from microgravity-grown shoots was comparable with that from 1 g-grown shoots. However, the analysis of sugar constituents of matrix polysaccharides showed that microgravity specifically reduced the amount of glucose (Glc)-containing polysaccharides such as 1,3:1,4-β-glucans, in shoot cell walls. The expression level of a gene for endo-1,3:1,4-β-glucanase, which hydrolyzes 1,3:1,4-β-glucans, largely increased under microgravity conditions. However, the expression levels of genes involved in the biosynthesis of 1,3:1,4-β-glucans were almost the same under both gravity conditions. On the contrary, microgravity scarcely affected the level and the metabolism of arabinoxylans. These results suggest that a microgravity environment promotes the breakdown of 1,3:1,4-β-glucans, which, in turn, causes the reduced level of these polysaccharides in growing rice shoots. Changes in 1,3:1,4-β-glucan level may be involved in the modification of mechanical properties of cell walls under microgravity conditions in space.

Analytical Techniques for Determining the Role of Domain of Unknown Function 579 Proteins in the Synthesis of O-Methylated Plant Polysaccharides.

Matrix polysaccharides are a diverse group of structurally complex carbohydrates and account for a large portion of the biomass consumed as food or used to produce fuels and materials. Glucuronoxylan and arabinogalactan protein are matrix glycans that have sidechains decorated with 4-O-methyl glucuronosyl residues. Methylation is a key determinant of the physical properties of these wall glycopolymers and consequently affects both their biological function and ability to interact with other wall polymers. Indeed, there is increasing interest in determining the distribution and abundance of methyl-etherified polysaccharides in different plant species, tissues, and developmental stages. There is also a need to understand the mechanisms involved in their biosynthesis. Members of the Domain of Unknown Function (DUF) 579 family have been demonstrated to have a role in the biosynthesis of methyl-etherified glycans. Here we describe methods for the analysis of the 4-O-methyl glucuronic acid moieties that are present in sidechains of arabinogalactan proteins. These methods are then applied toward the analysis of loss-of-function mutants of two DUF579 family members that lack this modification in muro. We also present a procedure to assay DUF579 family members for enzymatic activity in vitro using acceptor oligosaccharides prepared from xylan of loss-of-function mutants. Our approach facilitates the characterization of enzymes that modify glycosyl residues during cell wall synthesis and the structures that they generate.

ENZYMATIC MODIFICATION OF WHEAT RICE

The article presents conceptual approaches to solving technological and technical problems in the creation of functional foods. General approaches are proposed to change existing technologies to improve the efficiency of integrated raw material processing and to increase the production of high-quality foods and food ingredients with antioxidant properties. Cereal crops are the richest source of functional ingredients and a major component of human nutrition. It is proved that most of the nutrients are in the products of its processing. For the first time, polyphenols from cereal raw materials were obtained by biotechnological means. The feasibility of pretreatment of raw materials with amylolytic and proteolytic enzymes for purification and cleavage of polysaccharide matrix has been established. Based on the regularities of enzymatic hydrolysis of polysaccharides, we used the processing of wheat bran with multifunctional drug Viscozyme L with hemicellulase, cellulase, pectinesterase and feruloesterase activities, which resulted in a high effect of degradation of certain covalent cells, ferulic acid from 40.99 to 2507.9 mcg / g. It is determined that this method of obtaining the target components allows to preserve their native structure, especially the supramolecular structure, which determines their physiological effect. The influence of plant polyphenols on the cultivation of probiotic microorganisms is characterized. the comparative characterization of the prebiotic properties of the polyphenols obtained from wheat bran and the concentrate of the polyphenols from the grape buds "ENOANT" are substantiated. The possibility of increasing the proportion of free polyphenols by fermentation of wheat bran is shown. It is established that the extract of polyphenols from wheat bran can be used for its purpose as an effective antioxidant, which does not have a negative effect on the state of the basic physiological systems of the body.

The Nutritional and Pharmacological Potential of New Australian Thraustochytrids Isolated from Mangrove Sediments.

Mangrove sediments represent unique microbial ecosystems that act as a buffer zone, biogeochemically recycling marine waste into nutrient-rich depositions for marine and terrestrial species. Marine unicellular protists, thraustochytrids, colonizing mangrove sediments have received attention due to their ability to produce large amounts of long-chain ω3-polyunsaturated fatty acids. This paper represents a comprehensive study of two new thraustochytrids for their production of valuable biomolecules in biomass, de-oiled cakes, supernatants, extracellular polysaccharide matrixes, and recovered oil bodies. Extracted lipids (up to 40% of DW) rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (up to 80% of total fatty acids) were mainly represented by docosahexaenoic acid (75% of polyunsaturated fatty acids). Cells also showed accumulation of squalene (up to 13 mg/g DW) and carotenoids (up to 72 µg/g DW represented by astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, echinenone, and β-carotene). Both strains showed a high concentration of protein in biomass (29% DW) and supernatants (2.7 g/L) as part of extracellular polysaccharide matrixes. Alkalinization of collected biomass represents a new and easy way to recover lipid-rich oil bodies in the form of an aqueous emulsion. The ability to produce added-value molecules makes thraustochytrids an important alternative to microalgae and plants dominating in the food, pharmacological, nutraceutical, and cosmetics industries.

Old corrugated box (OCB)-based cellulose nanofiber-reinforced and citric acid-cross-linked TSP–guar gum composite film

Old corrugated box (OCB) as a raw material was treated using alkali, acetic acid with NaClO and hydrogen peroxide to extract partially purified cellulose microfibers. FTIR and XRD analysis indicates the significant removal of non-cellulosic (lignin and hemicelluloses) content, followed by a notable increase in cellulose purity and crystallinity. Obtained cellulose microfibers (diameter 60–70 µm) were broken down to cellulose nanofibers (diameter up to 80 nm) using high-pressure homogenizer at 1700–1800 bar pressure consisting of 30 cycles and further characterized by SEM and XRD. Later on, nanocomposite films were prepared and optimized for required citric acid concentration for cross-linking with tamarind seed polysaccharide/guar gum blend by polycondensation reaction. And plasticized by glycerol (0.5% w/v) with different concentrations of OCB-CNF (0.1–1% w/v). The cross-link reaction was optimized at 80 °C for 3 h in order to confirm the esterification reaction between citric acid, polysaccharide and nanofiber. Increasing characteristic band intensity at around 1731 cm−1 represents ester bond formation is supported by the FTIR analysis. Rheology reveals the increase in cross-linking density after citric acid cross-link at 0.2% of OCB-CNF. Improvement in interfacial bonding between nanofiber and matrix results in enhanced tensile strength, barrier property and thermal stability as compared to those of control film. In addition, swelling behavior of OCB-CNF composite films was studied at different pH conditions (pH = 3, 7 and 10), where 0.2% and 0.5% OCB-CNFs showed better interaction with the matrix polysaccharide.

Encapsulation of diagnostic dyes in the polysaccharide matrix modified by carbon nanotubes

The effect of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the morphology and properties of alginate hydrogel was studied. The addition of CNTs leads to a change in the structural characteristics of the hydrogel, which is expressed in a decrease in the pore size and gaining a more uniformity by the internal structure. To study the encapsulating properties of the designed compositions, a set of dyes was used that are traditionally applied for testing the drug release rate. It was found that the CNTs do not affect the efficiency of inclusion and the release rate of the anionic and neutral dyes. The change in the kinetics of cationic dye release is caused by the reinforcing effect of the CNTs on the alginate hydrogel and a change in its morphological characteristics.

Innovative Prospects for The Creation of Medical Products Based on The Polysaccharide Matrix

The presented material considers the possibility of combining sparingly soluble polysaccharides with plant polysaccharides to increase the absorption of drugs with low bioavailability, as biologically active substances they can serve as a targeted carrier for the delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic agents, as well as enzymes, nucleic acids, vitamins or hormones, to certain cells, in particular hepatocytes (parenchymal liver cells). A method for preparing a composition of arabinogalactan and chitosan succinate is described, examples of its practical use in medicine, veterinary medicine and animal husbandry are given.

Interaction between Autonomous and Microtubule Guidance Systems Controls Cellulose Synthase Trajectories.

The organization of cellulose microfibrils is critical for the strength and growth of plant cell walls. Microtubules have been shown to play a key role in controlling microfibril organization by guiding cellulose synthase complexes [1-4]. However, cellulose synthase trajectories can be maintained when microtubules are removed by drugs, suggesting a separate guidance mechanism is also at play [1, 5, 6]. By slowing down microtubule dynamics, we reveal such a mechanism by showing that cellulose synthase complexes can interact with the trails left by other complexes, causing them to follow the trails or disappear. The stability of the trails, together with the sensitivity of their directions to cellulase treatment, indicates they most likely reflect nascent cellulose microfibrils. Over many hours, this autonomous mechanism alone can lead to a change in the dominant orientation of cellulose synthase trajectories. However, the mechanism can be overridden by the microtubule guidance system. Our findings suggest a dual guidance model, in which an autonomous system, involving interaction between cellulose synthases and microfibrils, can maintain aligned cellulose synthase trajectories, while a microtubule guidance system allows alignments to be steered by environmental and developmental cues.

A unique ex vivo tumor model: 3D cocultured system with cancer and stromal cells including blood microvessels.

211 Background: Importance of interaction between cancer and stromal cells has been widely recognized in tumor progression and tolerance against treatment. Although 2D culture and spheroid consisting only cancer cells still remains the preferred platform for most laboratory preclinical studies while these provide only limited information about tumor microenvironment. In order to mimic the patient tumor tissue, ex vivo model which recaptures the tumor microenvironment is required. Methods: Layered 3D stromal tissues comprising microvascular network were produced by culturing fibroblasts and endothelial cells coated with the extra-cellular matrix (ECM) and natural polysaccharide, namely collagen and heparin. The layered 3D stromal tissues and co-cultured tumor were morphologically evaluated by HE stain, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence (IF). Their gene expression and secretome profile were characterized by RNA-sequencing and bio-plex suspension array technologies. Furthermore, drug sensitivity assay were conducted using popular colorectal cancer cell lines, and patient-derived cell lines (PDCs) established in the laboratory of JFCR. Remaining cancer cells post drug treatment were quantified by IF and imaging analysis. Results: The 3D stromal tissues including CD31 positive luminal structure were multi-layered (approximately 20 layers), and the tendency that dense microvascular network was formed nearby cancer cells was observed. In comparison with 2D culture or 3D mono-cultured spheroid model, decreased drug sensitivities were represented in the layered 3D co-cultured model. Omics profiles difference among models suggest that our 3D model has some similarity to in vivo tumor. Conclusions: We developed the layered 3D stromal tissue culture system including blood micro-vessels. Drug sensitivity in the co-cultured tumors may reflect the response of cancer cells in in vivo. Our unique 3D ex vivo model appear to be a valuable tool for drug evaluation, and thus testing approved and/or developing compounds with patient-derived cells would enable better prediction their efficacy.

Organosilicate compound filler to increase the mechanical strength of superhydrophilic layer-by-layer assembled film

Technologies that can overcome the poor mechanical properties of the coatings with bacterial anti-adhesion effect based on super-wetting properties are still challenging. In this study, we developed a durable superhydrophilic nanocomposite coatings composed of polysaccharide matrix and organosilicate (OS) compound filler. In brief, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and chitosan (CS)-based multilayer films were fabricated via Layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly then crosslinking for the films was performed to improve inner stability and induce superhydrophilicity. As second step, we synthesized a biocompatible and robust organosilicate compound via sol-gel reaction and incorporate it as reinforcing filler into the superhydrophilic films. Consequently, durable hybrid superhydrophilic nanocomposites were coated on the substrate, and various chemical analysis and performance evaluations of the coatings were performed. The mechanical properties of the composite coatings were significantly improved due to the OS acting as a reinforcing filler in the multilayer films. Furthermore, the coatings exhibited excellent biocompatibility and transparency and exerted antibacterial effect based on superhydrophilic property. This study presents a practical strategy to solve the poor durability, the limitation of super-wetting coatings widely applied in various fields.

A comprehensive study of the resistance to biofouling of different polymers for optical oxygen sensors. The advantage of the novel fluorinated composite based on core-dye-shell structure

The control of the biotechnological reactors for the wastewater processing and for multiple biotechnological syntheses often requires the in situ monitoring of the current concentration of dissolved molecular oxygen (DO) within the reactor. The method of determining of DO based on the quenching of the indicator dye phosphorescence is becoming readily used due to be unaffected by sulfur-containing compounds and relatively insensitive to hydrodynamic conditions as compared with the traditional electrochemical sensors (the Clark electrodes).Any types of sensors inserted into the biotechnological reactor however are objected to biofouling, that is the adsorption of the alive and dead cells of the microorganisms and also the formation of the attached polysaccharide matrix (the biofilm) on the surface of the sensor. Thus any DO sensor inserted into the bioreactor is subjected to two effects, that is 1) the actual change of the bulk DO concentration and 2) the deviation of the sensor readings due to the hindering of the oxygen diffusion to the indicator dye caused by the biofouling. In order to distinguish of these two phenomena we made two series of experiments in the present study. In the first series we subjected optical DO sensors with the sensitive layers manufactured of three different polymers that are polystyrene (PS), polybuthylmetacrylate (PBMA) and fluoroplast 42 (F42) to biofouling and tested the change of their response time in the pure model solutions with the known concentration of DO (in vitro experiments). In the second series we subjected optical DO sensors made of the same materials to the biofouling in the model biotechnological reactors and imitated the technological process of the aeration by purging for a while air throw the biological media (in situ experiments). The comparison of the sensors response in the first and in the second series can account for the contribution of the biofouling and the one of the bulk DO consumption processes.In order to facilitate the dispersion of the indicator dye (Pt(II) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)-porphyrin, PtTFPP) in the fluorinated matrix and to improve the quality of the sensor we applied an original core-dye-shell technology, where the indicator dye is first absorbed onto the surface of SiO2 particles and then covered by the shell made of the salt of two fluorinated surfactants, that is trimethyl-1-propanaminium iodide (FC-135) and tetraethylammonium perfluorooctanesulfonate (FT-248).For the both in vitro and in situ experiments we used separately Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and Pseudomonas putida k12 bacteria.All polymeric sensor films were observed to be vulnerable to the cell absorption and biofilm formation. The sensor with the membrane made of the F42 filled with core-dye-shell particles, was the only to provide the possibility to determine the actual concentration of DO after two weeks of the incubation in the bioreactor, the damage of the film due to biofouling being not critical.

Protein – Polysaccharide Matrix as Novel Wall Material for Rice Bran Oil Encapsulation

An attempt was made to optimize the encapsulation of rice bran oil using tapioca starchwhey protein isolate matrix as wall material by spray drying technique. The selected independent variables for optimization were oil concentration (20, 25, 30 %), wall material starch-protein ratio (1:1, 3:1, 5:1) and drying inlet air temperature (140, 150, 160 ºC). Encapsulated rice bran oil powder was evaluated for encapsulation efficiency, peroxide value, and gamma oryzanol content. Optimization of the process conditions was carried by model fitting technique of response surface methodology using Design Expert Software. The results indicated that 20 % oil concentration, 2.2:1 starch-protein ratio, and 140°C drying inlet air temperature are optimum to obtain maximum of 79.52 % encapsulation efficiency, 12,390 ppm gamma oryzanol content, and minimum of 1.52 meq. kg-1 of peroxide value. Analysis of encapsulated powder for size and shape indicated that 90 % of the particles were below 21 μm size having spherical shape with smooth surface.

Protein – Polysaccharide Matrix as Novel Wall Material for Rice Bran Oil Encapsulation

An attempt was made to optimize the encapsulation of rice bran oil using tapioca starchwhey protein isolate matrix as wall material by spray drying technique. The selected independent variables for optimization were oil concentration (20, 25, 30 %), wall material starch-protein ratio (1:1, 3:1, 5:1) and drying inlet air temperature (140, 150, 160 ºC). Encapsulated rice bran oil powder was evaluated for encapsulation efficiency, peroxide value, and gamma oryzanol content. Optimization of the process conditions was carried by model fitting technique of response surface methodology using Design Expert Software. The results indicated that 20 % oil concentration, 2.2:1 starch-protein ratio, and 140°C drying inlet air temperature are optimum to obtain maximum of 79.52 % encapsulation efficiency, 12,390 ppm gamma oryzanol content, and minimum of 1.52 meq. kg-1 of peroxide value. Analysis of encapsulated powder for size and shape indicated that 90 % of the particles were below 21 μm size having spherical shape with smooth surface.

A Comparative Study of Static Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Resistant Pattern between Environmental and Clinical Isolate of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>

Biofilms are dense bacterial colonies, derived from microbially derived sessile community, networked within a polysaccharide matrix with a distinct architecture that has the attachment potential to both alive and abiotic surfaces. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a model biofilm forming microorganism associated with remarkable morbidity and mortality rate due to emergence of antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, Pseudomonas aeruginosa originating from a biofilm is more resistant to a wide range of antibiotics than the planktonic bacteria. This research was planned to develop a comparative study of the biofilm production between potential, antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from mature environmental biofilm and clinical strain of the same species that did not derive from biofilm. It was observed that the Pseudomonas aeruginosa from environmental isolates were resistant to 15 prominent antibiotics, while clinical strain was comparatively resistant to only few of them. A confirmatory analysis of biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance pattern of these two groups of organisms was checked by 96-well microtiter plate and the disc diffusion method respectively. Finally, the results portrayed that the environmental strains with high drug resistance, potentially formed a considerable amount of biofilm in the period of a week whereas; clinical stains formed a negligible amount of biofilm within the same time frame.

An inkjet-printed polysaccharide matrix for on-chip sample preparation in point-of-care cell counting chambers.

On-chip sample preparation in self-contained microfluidic devices is a key element to realize simple, low-cost, yet reliable in vitro diagnostics that can be carried out at the point-of-care (POC) with minimal training requirements by unskilled users. To address this largely unmet POC medical need, we have developed an optimized polysaccharide matrix containing the reagents which substantially improves our fully printed POC CD4 counting chambers for the monitoring of HIV patients. The simply designed counting chambers allow for capillary-driven filling with unprocessed whole blood. We carefully tailored a gellan/trehalose matrix for deposition by inkjet printing, which preserves the viability of immunostains during a shelf life of at least 3 months and enables controlled antibody release for intense and homogeneous immunofluorescent cell staining throughout the complete 60 mm2 image area within 30 min. Excellent agreement between CD4 counts obtained from our fully printed CD4 counting chambers and the gold standard, flow cytometry, is demonstrated using samples both from healthy donors and HIV-infected patients.

STUDY OF THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MECHANICALLY TREATED ARGLABIN AND ITS MECHANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON ARABINOGALACTAN

Over the past decades, researchers have increasingly turned to natural compounds and preparations created on their basis. Biologically active terpenoids, in particular, natural sesquiterpene lactones, are of great interest. One of the rich sources of these compounds is a plant of the genus Artemisia, whose representative is wormwood Artemisia glabella Kar et Kir., Growing on the territory of Central Kazakhstan. In the study of the chemical composition of wormwood, a new biologically active compound, sesquiterpenic lactone arglabin, with antitumor and radiosensitizing properties has been isolated. The antitumor drug "Arglabin" is used in oncological clinics of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Russian Federation, Uzbekistan, the Republic of Georgia, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan in the complex therapy of tumors of the breast, lung, liver, etc. The purpose of this work is to study the physicochemical properties of mechanically treated arglabin and its mixture with a larch water–soluble polysaccharide arabinogalactan, obtained by mechanochemical means. According to IR, UV and NMR 13С spectroscopy, long–term mechanochemical treatment does not lead to a change in the chemical composition of arglabin molecules. All the spectra obtained are identical to the spectra of the initial (not mechanically treated) arglabin. Using X–ray analysis, it was shown that in the mechanocomposites of arglabin with arabinogalactan there is no disordering of the crystal structure of arglabin and its molecular dispersion in the polysaccharide matrix does not occur.

Spray-drying microencapsulation of β-carotene by polysaccharide from yeast cell walls

It is well known that β-carotene plays an important role in human health. However, it is susceptibly degraded by environmental conditions including temperature, light and oxygen, due to its natural structure of conjugated double bonds chain. Polysaccharide (PS) from the yeast cell walls has appeared to be an excellent choice of encapsulating agent that can be used to encapsulate biologically active substances. Objective of this study was to investigate the effects of PS concentration (20, 30, 40 and 50%) compared to MD, high pressure homogenization time (5, 10, 15, 20 min) and inlet air temperature of spray drying (130, 140, 150, 160oC) on microencapsulation yield (MEY), microencapsulation efficiency (MEE), moisture content (MC) and antioxidant capacity. The results showed that the highest values of MEY (354.4 µg/g) and MEE (90.2%), the low value of MC (7.0%) and antioxidant capacity (69.07%) were successfully obtained at PS concentration of 30% (w/v), homogenization of 15 min and inlet air temperature of 150oC. Under those conditions, the encapsulated β-carotene powder was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and it is confirmed that the micro-particles had various sizes which are a typical characteristics of spray dried powders, spherical shapes and were free of cracks and pores. As a result, it can be concluded that β-carotene was successfully encapsulated in the PS and MD matrix and could then be easily incorporated into various foods