In this paper, a numerical solution strategy is proposed for studying the large deformations of rectangular plates made of hyperelastic materials in the compressible and nearly incompressible regimes. The plate is considered to be Mindlin-type, and material nonlinearities are captured based on the Neo-Hookean model. Based on the Euler–Lagrange description, the governing equations are derived using the minimum total potential energy principle. The tensor form of equations is replaced by a novel matrix–vector format for the computational aims. In the solution strategy, based on the variational differential quadrature technique, a new numerical approach is proposed by which the discretized governing equations are directly obtained through introducing differential and integral matrix operators. Fast convergence rate, computational efficiency and simple implementation are advantages of this approach. The results are first validated with available data in the literature. Selected numerical results are then presented to investigate the nonlinear bending behavior of hyperelastic plates under various types of boundary conditions in the compressible and nearly incompressible regimes. The results reveal that the developed approach has a good performance to address the large deformation problem of hyperelastic plates in both regimes.