Matrix Analysis Method Research Articles

Multi-station Magnetotelluric Data Processing Based on Singular Value Decompositionl

Singular value decomposition is an efficient matrix analysis method. This paper intends to use SVD to process magnetotelluric data from multiple stations. The data of multiple magnetotellus observation stations can make the main reactance of magnetotellus obtained by data processing more robust, suppress the interference signal, improve the data quality, and effectively increase the signal strength. The obtained results are more in line with the actual situation, and the decomposition by singular value method can greatly improve the efficiency of electromagnetic signal processing. Better access to underground information, geological resource exploration and deep earth research.

The Growth of Capture Fisheries in Pamekasan Regency, Madura Island

"Groupers, snappers, emperors, and fusiliers are important reef fisheries both economically and ecologically, particularly in Indonesia and the Asian region. However, in some areas, they are still being overfished, and their stocks appear to be declining as a result." As a result, it is critical to comprehend their viewpoint. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the fishery output of some reef fish species in “Indonesia's Fisheries Management Area (FMA) 715” based on life history and spawning potential. Pamekasan Regency should implement an effective capture fisheries strategy to create jobs, ensure food security, and promote economic development. Pamekasan Regency is located along the shore of the Indonesian island of Mathura. The goal of this study was to design a capture fisheries development strategy for Pamegasan Regency. The SPSS matrix analysis methods were employed. This study drew on a wide range of data sources, including statistical data, surveys, and interviews. Key individuals were interviewed, and 30 fishermen were polled. Overfishing was discovered in the waters for Phamegasan Regency, according to the research. Diversification of fishermen owned by families enterprises, establishment of fish auction locations, oversight of fishing gear, expansion of the fish processing industry, warming mitigation, fishing resource studies, extension, and coastal community expansion are some of the capture fisheries growth methods we advocate. These strategies' implementation can be used as a subsequent fisheries strategy. The Pamekasan Regency Government should perform more intensive training and exercises to improve the abilities of salt farmers in Pademavu Sub-District, Pamekasan Regency, through the Fishing Service and other related agencies. The goal of this study's result analysis is to acquire an exhaustive overview of the topic without looking to the specific elements of the topic of research. For the statistical analysis, we used SPSS software version 16.this analysised Cronbach's alpha value for the model is 0.999.

Study on the performance and mechanism of high thermal conductivity and low-density cementing composite for deep geothermal wells

The efficient exploitation and utilization of deep geothermal energy can alleviate the energy crisis in the world today. The high thermal conductivity and low-density cementing composite (HTLDC) is helpful to improve the extraction efficiency of deep geothermal energy. In this paper, the optimal formulation of HTLDC is obtained by theoretical analysis, orthogonal test, matrix analysis, SEM, XRD, MIP and other methods. Then the basic properties, microstructure and performance changes at different temperatures are studied. The results show that the best formula of HTLDC is 0.8 W/S ratio, 60 wt% cement, 9 wt% graphite, 15 wt% quartz powder, 6 wt% silica fume, 3 wt% fly ash and 7 wt% admixture. The density of HTLDC is 1.53 g/cm3. The thermal conductivity is 1.6702 W/(m·K), which is 94.71 % higher than that of conventional low density cementing material (CLDC). The 48 h compressive strength is 7.63 MPa, which is 40.77 % higher than CLDC. The content of Ca(OH)2 is as high as 68.9 %, which is 20 times higher than CLDC. The harmful porosity is only 15.6 %, which is 46.65 % lower than CLDC. The thermal conductivity of HTLDC increases rapidly and then tends to be stable with the increase of temperature. The maximum growth rate of thermal conductivity is 0.0026 W/(m·K2), which is 136 % higher than that of CLDC. The thermal conduction mechanism of HTLDC is consistent with the heat conduction pathway theory. HTLDC has a good high-temperature resistance due to the SiO2 participates in the hydration reaction and generates C5S6H5 and C6S6H with the increase of temperature. The research results can provide strong technical support for the efficient exploitation of deep geothermal energy.

Matrix analysis method for evaluation of lens parameters influence in polarization transmission.

Most studies on the influence of lens parameters in polarization transmission have been carried out in the traditional geometric analysis method, which has the problems of low accuracy and complicated calculation. In this paper, taking the Galileo beam expanding system as an example, a matrix analysis method is proposed to characterize the process of polarization transmission, and derived the polarization azimuth deflection equation. The numerical simulations of the matrix analysis method and the geometric analysis method are compared with the Zemax simulations and the experiments. The variance of the matrix analysis method is compared with the geometric analysis method under four parameters of the lens. It turns out that the numerical simulation results of the two methods are consistent with the Zemax simulation and the experiments. The variance of the matrix analysis method is mostly smaller than that of the geometric analysis method, which further shows that the matrix analysis method is closer to the Zemax simulations and the experiments, and the accuracy is higher.

Construction of preschool education resource sharing platform based on matrix model

Abstract This paper achieves high-quality sharing of preschool educational resources among learners based on a matrix model. Through the shared resource matrix analysis method, the symmetry of the matrix about this educational resource is judged so that the resource can transmit information implicitly among all subjects. The difference between noise and preschool education resource data points is enhanced using the K-nearest neighbor search algorithm. Combined with the ant colony particle swarm optimization algorithm, the sharing sequence and time of the optimal preschool education resources are calculated, and a preschool education resource-sharing platform is constructed. To verify the applicability of the constructed platform, the simulation analysis results show that the resource search accuracy of the platform constructed in this paper reaches 94.51% on average, and the compatibility performance index is as high as 7.287vw, which is 3.25vw and 3.421vw higher compared to other platforms, respectively. The results show that the matrix model can eliminate resource heterogeneity and provide convenient and efficient interactive technical support for constructing a preschool education resource-sharing platform.

Matrix stability and bifurcation analysis by a network-based approach.

In this paper, we develop a network-based methodology to investigate the problems related to matrix stability and bifurcations in nonlinear dynamical systems. By matching a matrix with a network, i.e., interaction graph, we propose a new network-based matrix analysis method by proving a theorem about matrix determinant under which matrix stability can be considered in terms of feedback loops. Especially, the approach can tell us how a node, a path, or a feedback loop in the interaction graph affects matrix stability. In addition, the roles played by a node, a path, or a feedback loop in determining bifurcations in nonlinear dynamical systems can also be revealed. Therefore, the approach can help us to screen optimal node or node combinations. By perturbing them, unstable matrices can be stabilized more efficiently or bifurcations can be induced more easily to realize desired state transitions. To illustrate feasibility and efficiency of the approach, some simple matrices are used to show how single or combinatorial perturbations affect matrix stability and induce bifurcations. In addition, the main idea is also illustrated through a biological problem related to T cell development with three nodes: TCF-1, GATA3, and PU.1, which can be considered to be a three-variable nonlinear dynamical system. The approach is especially helpful in understanding crucial roles of single or molecule combinations in biomolecular networks. The approach presented here can be expected to analyze other biological networks related to cell fate transitions and systematic perturbation strategy selection.

ANALYSIS OF STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT OF LAYING CHICKEN LIVESTOCK BUSINESS IN NGAWI DISTRICT

This study aims to determine the development strategy that can be carried out by laying hens in Ngawi Regency. The data collection technique uses the purposive sampling method, the calculation method uses the SWOT analysis quadrant and the SWOT matrix analysis method. The data used is primary data. Based on the results of the SWOT matrix analysis for Ngawi Regency, a strategy can be obtained that farmers can implement, namely the SO strategy: a) Increase the amount of production by increasing the population of laying hens, b) optimize egg production. WO strategy: a) Promoting livestock business, b) Keeping books of livestock business in order to control income and expenses. ST strategy: a) Establish good relations with collectors and consumers, b) Maintain product quality to face competitors, c) Determine the right strategy for selling chicken eggs, so that eggs can be sold every day. WT Strategy: a) Establish relationships with raw material suppliers, b) Maintain the cleanliness of the chicken coop. Based on the Quadrant SWOT analysis, Ngawi Regency is in quadrant I. Development strategies that can be implemented are a) Maintaining egg quality, b) Maintaining the quality of laying hen seeds, c) Increasing the laying hen population, d) Expanding marketing further.

Sensitivity analysis and noise reduction optimization design of the insert-pipe double expansion chamber muffler

The insert-pipe double expansion chamber muffler has less passbands and higher sound attenuation in the plane wave range, which is widely used to reduce noise of industrial equipment. But there are many parameters that affect the transmission loss of the insert-pipe double expansion chamber muffler, and the sensitivity of each factor is not clear. Identifying the most influential factor among numerous parameters is an important challenge. It is necessary to investigate the sensitivity of all parameters and study parameter optimization algorithms. Based on the method of transfer matrix analysis, this paper studies the insert-pipe double expansion chamber muffler and its sound elimination mechanism. The global sensitivity analysis of the transmission loss of insert-pipe double expansion chamber muffler was conducted using Sobol's method, and the influence of each parameter sensitivity was examined. According to the noise characteristics of an air conditioner compressor, the external penalty function method (EPFM) algorithm is used to optimize the insert-pipe double expansion chamber muffler, and the maximum transmission loss is obtained in a specific frequency band. According to the optimized parameters, the muffler is designed, manufactured, and installed in a pipeline system to carry out a noise experiment to verify the effectiveness of the optimization scheme.

An integrated design method for used product remanufacturing scheme considering carbon emission

Remanufacturing scheme design (RSD) is a necessary process to improve the utilization of waste resources and reduce the remanufacturing carbon emissions. However, the lack of a mapping between the RSD parameters and carbon emissions makes it challenging to generate remanufacturing schemes that satisfy the low-carbon target. This would lead to large-scale remanufacturing of carbon emissions resulting from unreasonable RSD solutions, depriving remanufacturing of its energy saving and emission reduction benefits. To this end, this paper proposes an integrated design method for remanufacturing scheme considering the carbon emission. For establishing the relationship between the RSD parameters and the carbon emissions, the axiomatic design (AD) matrix and sensitivity analysis method are applied to select the mapping model between RSD parameters and remanufacturing carbon emissions, which analyzed the correlation between the three levels of RSD-remanufacturing process-carbon emission. Then, a multi-constrained objective optimization model with the depreciation of remanufacturing carbon emissions as the optimization objective is established, which is set the RSD parameters as the optimization variables. Meanwhile, an improved bald eagle search optimization algorithm (IBES) is used to solve the optimization model, contributing to the rapid solution of an optimal remanufacturing scheme. Finally, the feasibility of the method is verified by the RSD of the used injection mold as an example. The results show that the optimized RSD parameters reduce carbon emissions by 35.48 % compared to the original ones, which also demonstrates that the RSD method can effectively reduce carbon emissions from the remanufacturing of used products, as well as greatly reduce carbon emissions from large-scale remanufacturing industries, and promote sustainable development of the global industry.

A fast preconditioning iterative method for solving the discretized second-order space-fractional advection–diffusion equations

Space-fractional advection–diffusion equations (SFADEs) arise in many application areas. In this paper, we propose fast second-order numerical methods for solving the one- and two-dimensional SFADEs defined on a finite domain. The Crank–Nicolson difference scheme is utilized to discretize the temporal derivatives, the weighted and shifted Grünwald difference operators are employed to discretize the spatial fractional derivatives in SFADEs. We analyze the stability and convergence of the difference schemes by using the matrix analysis method. The coefficient matrix of the discretized system of linear equations has the structure of the sum of an identity matrix and non-symmetric Toeplitz matrices. New τ-matrix approximate preconditioners are proposed for the discretized system of linear equations for both one- and two-dimensional SFADEs, respectively. The generalized minimal residual (GMRES) methods combined with the proposed preconditioners are applied to solve the linear systems. We analyze the convergence rate of the GMRES method for solving the preconditioned linear systems. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

Comparative Analysis of the Mechanical Performance of Timber Flat Truss Typologies for Different Strength Classes via Optimization Algorithm

This study aimed to compare the mechanical performance of two truss typologies, the modified Fan and Howe trusses, using five different wood species: Cambará-rosa, Cupiúba, Angelim-pedra, Garapa, and Jatobá. The spans considered were 6, 9, 12, and 15 m, and the optimization algorithm used was a swarm intelligence algorithm to minimize the structure weight. The study found that wood is a sustainable and viable option for truss constructions, with different wood species having distinct mechanical properties that must be considered when designing the structure. The Howe truss typology presented lower results for the objective function in comparison with the modified Fan truss. The distribution of normal forces in the truss correlated with the characteristic strength in compression and tensile of the species. The Howe truss typology presented a larger amplitude in relation to the modified Fan truss typology in most of the conditions adopted for the Ultimate Limit State constraints. Constraints associated with deflection in the immediate condition were observed to limit the optimization process. The study used the matrix analysis method to evaluate internal efforts and nodal displacements in the trusses. In summary, this study demonstrates the importance of considering all constraints when dimensioning timber structures and the benefits of using different wood species for sustainable construction.

Analisis Pengembangan Agrowisata Kopi Luwak Alas Harum Bali di Desa Tegallalang

Analysis of the Development of Alas Harum Bali Civet Coffee Agrotourism in Tegallalang Village
 Alas Harum Bali is one of many agro-tourism in Bali, the location is very strategic in Tegallalang Village. Due the COVID-19 pandemic, the visitors of Alas Harum Bali getting reduce. This research aims to identifying the external and internal factors which gave an impact to the potential of agro-tourism and determined the main strategy and also the alternative strategy to developing the Alas Harum Bali Agro-Tourism. This research was conducted using the IE Matrix Analysis method to formulate general business development strategies and SWOT Matrix Analysis to formulate alternative business development strategies for Alas Harum Bali. The right marketing strategy applies SO, WO, ST and WT which can be implemented in Alas Harum Bali agro-tourism, among others, are as follows. The SO (strengths-opportunities) strategy is to pay attention to the facilities and attractions that are owned as well as human resources so that they are able to provide optimal services. The ST strategy (strengths-threats) is to pay attention to the facilities owned and develop them so that they are able to overcome unfavorable natural conditions. The WO (weaknesses-opportunities) strategy is to pay attention to facilities and improve the facilities and infrastructure provided so that they are in accordance with the prices offered to visitors.

PENGUKURAN PRODUKTIVITAS LANTAI PRODUKSI MENGGUNAKAN METODE OBJECTIVE MATRIX (OMAX) DAN FAULT TREE ANALISIS (FTA)

PT Madubaru Madukismo is a company engaged in the manufacture of granulated sugar. The problem faced by PT Madubaru Madukismo is that the company has not reached the set production target. It is known that the production target set by the company is 30,000 quintals per month. So for measuring productivity using the objective matrix (OMAX) and fault tree analysis (FTA) methods where the objective matrix (OMAX) is a partial productivity measurement system developed to monitor productivity in each part of the company with productivity criteria in accordance with the existence of that part, and fault tree analysis (FTA) is a method used to analyze the risk that causes a failure. There are five measurement ratio criteria, namely production efficiency productivity, raw material efficiency productivity, production target effectiveness productivity, machine work effectiveness productivity and number of employees productivity. Then the results obtained The highest productivity value achieved during measurements in the period May to October 2022 was in August with a productivity level of 864 and the lowest was achieved in May of 35, as well as an analysis of indicators from the calculation of the ratio 1 to 5, it can be seen that the lowest ratio is at the 3, namely the effectiveness of production targets and ratio 1, namely productivity, production efficiency. Based on the minimum cut-set, the basic events that can cause a low ratio 3 and 1 are the lack of suppliers from sugar cane farmers, workers' working hours are reduced because raw materials are late, production room temperature is hot, and does not match the jobdesk
 
 Keywords: Productivity, Ratio, Criteria, Objective Matrix (OMAX), and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA).

Decision Analysis to Improve Company’s Time Utilization during Clove Harvest-Interval Using Analytical Hierarchy Process and Situation Appraisal

Indonesia is a country that has very diverse natural resources, one of which is spices. Various kinds of spices such as cloves, nutmeg, ginger, turmeric, candlenut, pepper, cinnamon, and vanilla are what make Indonesian spices known worldwide and contribute to the country’s economy. Clove is a typical Indonesian spice originating from the Maluku islands (Ternate and Tidore). Currently, cloves have been cultivated in various regions in Indonesia, namely Java, Central Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and others. Clove season in Indonesia occurs once or twice a year, namely from April to May and October to November. The farmers will harvest ripe clove flowers, then the clove flowers are dried in the sun and processed as raw materials for the production of cigarettes, cosmetics, and others. CV. Rempah Jaya is one of the leading and best clove suppliers in Indonesia. Especially variations of cloves such as whole cloves, clove oil, dried clove leaves, dried clove stems, and clove ash. Usually, the supply of cloves to the cigarette factory is held every few months in large quantities, so a lot of spare time is available before sending it to the factory. Therefore CV. Rempah Jaya needs the right work to be done when there is a time vacuum. The purpose of this study is to increase the time utilization of CV companies. Rempah Jaya during the clove harvest interval. In this study, a situation analysis was carried out using the Kepner-Tregoe method, then external and internal analysis was carried out using Mendelow’s Matrix and SWOT Analysis methods. After that, root cause analysis was carried out using Ishikawa Diagram. Then the decision-making process is carried out using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. From the results of the AHP method, alternative values were obtained for the three available criteria, namely oil distillation, spice mixtures, and collaboration with the food and beverage industry with values of 0.64, 0.19, and 0.17.

The response of non-point source pollution to land use change and risk assessment based on model simulation and grey water footprint theory in an agricultural river basin of Yangtze River, China

Non-point source (NPS) pollution has gradually become the main source of water environmental pollution with the rapid economic development during the recent decades, especially for the economically developed Yangtze River Basin of China. Due to rapid urbanization, the pressure of the water environment in the Poyang Lake basin (PYLB) has been increasing. In this study, the spatial and temporal variations of NPS pollution loads including total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in the PYLB during the period 2003–2012 were firstly investigated by using the SWAT; then the changes in NPS pollution loads under different land use types were identified by using the SWAT, land use transition matrix, statistical analysis and scenario analysis methods; finally, the NPS pollution risk assessment were achieved by means of the grey water footprint theory. The results showed that the NPS pollution loads in the PYLB were concentrated from April to June with a large inter-annual variability. The Gan River basin contributed the largest proportion of pollutants entering into the Poyang lake while the Xiu River basin produced the smallest pollution loads. Under the background of the policy of “Grain for Green Project” since 2002, the areas of cultivated land, grassland and bare land decreased during the period 2000–2010, while those of forest land and settlement increased. As the main source of NPS pollution, the area of cultivated land has decreased, while the unit load intensity under cultivated land has significantly increased. By calculating the annual GWF of TN and TP loads and their corresponding WPL, which all showed an upward trend. The results obtained in this study have practical significance for reducing the NPS pollution loads in the PYLB and controlling the environmental pollution in the Yangtze River.

Intrusion Monitoring Based on High Dimensional Random Matrix by Using Ultra-Weak Fiber Bragg Grating Array

In order to ensure that a perimeter security system can work effectively, a convenient and effective event detection algorithm has an important engineering significance. Given the above background, in this paper, we propose a high reliability intrusion event recognition method and vibration sensing system, based on ultra-weak fiber Bragg grating array, by using high dimensional random matrix. We obtain a high sensitivity optical interference signal by constructing a patch-matched optical interference system, then compose the demodulated interference signal into a high-dimensional random matrix. The statistical characteristics of the matrix for the Marcenko-Pastur (M-P) law and ring law are used to confirm the presence of intrusion events efficiently, which can reflect the limit spectrum distribution of the high-dimensional random matrix; meanwhile, the abnormal state quantity and moment are obtained. Further, the average spectral radius value is used to judge the fault cause. Field experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively obtain the correct monitoring data for the sensor array. By comparing the monitoring results of normal operation and crusher operation, we can detect the intrusion event in 4.5 s, and the accuracy rate can reach more than 90%, which verifies that the proposed high-dimensional random matrix analysis method can work properly, proving a practical engineering application prospect.

Competitiveness and Policy of Soybean Farming in Jeneponto Regency

The demand for local soybean commodities is very low compared to imported soybeans, which affects the decline in soybean planting area, and farmers are also less willing to farm soybeans because they are less profitable. Government policies related to soybean self-sufficiency are widely carried out, but imported soybean commodities still have stronger competitiveness. This study aims to analyze the competitiveness and government policies on soybean farming in Tamalatea District, Jeneponto Regency. This study used a survey method. Data collection techniques are observation and interviews. The sampling technique using purposive sampling is to choose soybean farmers who are more productive in their farming, so that the number of samples obtained is 48 farmers. The data analysis technique is quantitative descriptive analysis with the Policy Matrix Analysis method. The results of this study indicate that soybean farming has strong competitiveness, because it has a Private Cost Ratio value of 0.2077 and a Domestic Resource Cost Ratio of 0.1628, with a private profit of Rp 5,752,342.42 per hectare and social profit of Rp 7,682,461.16 per hectare. The input policy on soybean farming resulted in values including: input transfer (IT) of -184,240.32, transfer factor (TF) of Rp 14,365.87, and nominal protection coeficient input (NPCI) of 0.61104. Meanwhile, the output policy resulted in an output transfer (OT) value of Rp -2,099,993.19 and a nominal protection coefficient input (NPCO) of 0.7824. Input-output policies have values including: effectivity policy coeficient (EPC) of 0.7912, subsidy ratio for producer (SRP) of -0.20001, profitability coeficient (PC) of 0.7488, and net transfer (NT) of -1,930,118.73. Government policies that are protective of tradable inputs have a positive impact on soybean farming, so farmers pay lower prices than they should. Government protection policies against tradable output have not been effective, so soybean farmers get output prices that are lower than the price they should. Government policy on tradable inputs simultaneously has not been effective in protecting soybean farming, so it has not been able to provide incentives for increased production.

Development Strategies for international Participation of Young Teachers in Local Colleges and Universities in China: A Case Study of Colleges and Universities in J Province

As an important part of higher education in China, local colleges and universities are actively involved in the construction of internationalization in order to comply with the development trend of higher education, break through the bottleneck of self-development and seek their own development path. As a special group of colleges and universities, young teachers are participant in teaching and scientific research, and become an important factor in the internationalization of the university. Based on the international motivation theory of higher education, teacher development theory and strategic management theory, this paper build research model to know the international participation of young teachers in Chinese local colleges and universities and the factors that affect their participation behavior, furthermore to formulate internationalization strategies. Using the method of case analysis, selecting young teachers from local colleges and universities in J province of China to carry out the research, this paper adopt quantitative analysis and SWOT matrix analysis methods. Through this study, hope to provide theoretical support and data support for the international development of local colleges and universities, and provide reference for the formulation of international development strategy. Therefore, this study has certain theoretical and practical significance.

Factors affecting the implementation of employee whole health in the veterans health administration: a qualitative evaluation

BackgroundThere is increasing recognition of the need to focus on the health and well-being of healthcare employees given high rates of burnout and turnover. Employee wellness programs are effective at addressing these issues; however, participation in these programs is often a challenge and requires large scale organizational transformation. The Veterans Health Administration (VA) has begun to roll out their own employee wellness program—Employee Whole Health (EWH)—focused on the holistic needs of all employees. This evaluation’s goal was to use the Lean Enterprise Transformation (LET) model for organizational transformation to identify key factors—facilitators and barriers—affecting the implementation of VA EWH.MethodsThis cross-sectional qualitative evaluation based on the action research model reflects on the organizational implementation of EWH. Semi-structured 60-minute phone interviews were conducted in February-April 2021 with 27 key informants (e.g., EWH coordinator, wellness/occupational health staff) knowledgeable about EWH implementation across 10 VA medical centers. Operational partner provided a list of potential participants, eligible because of their involvement in EWH implementation at their site. The interview guide was informed by the LET model. Interviews were recorded and professionally transcribed. Constant comparative review with a combination of a priori coding based on the model and emergent thematic analysis was used to identify themes from transcripts. Matrix analysis and rapid turnaround qualitative methods were used to identify cross-site factors to EWH implementation.ResultsEight common factors in the conceptual model were found to facilitate and/or hinder EWH implementation efforts: [1] EWH initiatives, [2] multilevel leadership support, [3] alignment, [4] integration, [5] employee engagement, [6] communication, [7] staffing, and [8] culture. An emergent factor was [9] the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on EWH implementation.ConclusionsAs VA expands its EWH cultural transformation nationwide, evaluation findings can (a) enable existing programs to address known implementation barriers, and (b) inform new sites to capitalize on known facilitators, anticipate and address barriers, and leverage evaluation recommendations through concerted implementation at the organization, process, and employee levels to jump-start their EWH program implementation.

Mix proportion optimization and early strength development in modified foam concrete: an experimental study

The influence of the single polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PCE) and blending it mixed hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) on hardening moulding quality and surface pulverisation of foam concrete was investigated. An orthogonal experimental design was employed to determine the optimum combination of parameters for four property indexes (PIs) in this paper. A multi-index matrix analysis method was used to evaluate the parameter combinations and obtain the overall optimal performance for the PIs. The effect of calcium formate (CaF) on the early compressive strength of modified foam concrete with the most optimal combination in different density grades was also studied. The results indicate that the incomplete cement hydration reaction is the essential cause of pulverisation, which can be alleviated by adding a suitable PCE. Defoaming and precipitation occur when the PCE incorporated exceeds 0.1%, which can be mitigated by the addition of 0.02 to 0.06% HPMC. The orthogonal analysis indicates that the anti-cracking agent has a more substantial effect on the strength of the foam concrete than the thickening agent. The most significant factor of mechanical properties is PP fiber followed by dispersible latex powder (DLP). The optimal combination of foam concrete is 0.06% HPMC, 0.3% DLP, and 0.5% PP fiber. The early compressive strength of foam concrete can be significantly enhanced by increasing the CaF content. However, increasing the density level results in a decrease in the 28-day compressive strength of the foam concrete.