MATLAB Image Processing Technique Research Articles

Study on novel steel slag foam concrete pore structure and bp neural network prediction model

In this paper, a new type of steel slag foamed concrete was prepared. Its pore structure was analyzed by MATLAB image processing technique, and the influence of steel slag on the compressive strength of foamed concrete was investigated. In addition, a BP neural network prediction model for the pore structure of foam concrete was established. The research results show that when the content of steel slag is 30%, the pore structure of steel slag foamed concrete is appropriate. The compressive strength of steel slag foamed concrete increases with the decrease of the density and the proportion of irregular pores. With the density remaining unchanged, the compressive strength of foamed concrete increases with the increase of the ratio of round and small pores. The prediction errors of the BP neural network model in the average pore diameter and average pore roundness factor were less than 8.5% and 5%, respectively.This research can provide a theoretical basis for the production of steel slag foam concrete.

Enhancing fabric quality control: Implementing real-time defect detection with image processing techniques and arduino

The textile industry is a rapidly growing sector globally and plays a momentous role in many sectors like manufacturing, employment, and business operations in many developed countries. Cloth flaws account for over 85% of the failures experienced in the garment industry. Efforts are currently underway to enhance fabric consistency, making the identification of defects a critical step in the textile manufacturing process. However, the traditional manual inspection technique for detecting cloth flaws is time-consuming and labor-consuming. Consequently, automation has been introduced through image processing technology. This approach utilizes image processing techniques in MATLAB to locate faults, with fault detection carried out using an Arduino. To improve the accuracy of fabric defect identification, an electronic fabric inspection method has been proposed. This framework incorporates image processing techniques, employing MATLAB, and real-time applications implemented on the Arduino kit. Neural Networks serve as the optimal classifiers for fault classification. Upon detecting a flaw in the fabric, the system breaks shortly to remove the defective component. The identified fault is then displayed on the LCD, and the buzzer is activated.

Research on Characteristics of Macrotexture for Colored Anti-Skid Coating on Pavement Based on Fractal Theory

A type of colored anti-skid coating was prepared to improve the anti-skid performance of pavement, as described in this paper, and the composition of the colored anti-skid coating was determined by laboratory tests. The image-processing techniques in MATLAB and fractal theory were used to analyze the macrotexture characteristics of colored anti-skid coating surfaces. Four different particle sizes were used for specimen preparation, with diameters of 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, and 4 mm. The three-dimensional (3D) macrotexture structure model was constructed based on shape from shading (SFS) theory. The anti-skid performance of the coating assessed by the British pendulum number (BPN) correlates with the fractal dimension. The result shows that when the particle size is the same, the more the spraying amount of anti-skid particles, the larger the fractal dimension. There are different optimal spraying amounts (OSA) for the maximum fractal dimension at each particle size. Meanwhile, when the particle size increases from 1 mm to 4 mm at the OSA, the fractal dimension decreases from 2.719 to 2.492 and the BPN gradually increases from 75 to 86, and the colored anti-skid coating shows good anti-skid performance improvement. In addition, the fractal dimension has a negative correlation with the BPN, and the correlation coefficient R2 between the fractal and the BPN is 0.95074, which indicates that the fractal dimension can reflect the complexity of the macrotexture and characterize the anti-skid performance of the coating under certain conditions. This research helps to provide an effective method to evaluate the macrotexture characteristics of colored anti-skid coating.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF COOLING SPRAY METHOD ONTO INCLINED HEATED SURFACES

Single droplet impingement onto inclined heated surface is studied experimentally. Droplet in the form of aquades is dropped from a fixed height 70 mm to the metal surface with 45º impact angle. This experiment uses 3 types of metals; Stainless Steel AISI 304, Aluminum Alloy 2024, and Copper. All material surfaces are mirror polished and assumed to have the same surface treatment condition. Surface temperatures are 110 ºC, 150 ºC and 210 ºC to determine droplet behavior characteristics. The droplet has 3.0 mm diameter and 28.5 Weber Number (low impact category). In order to analyze droplet behavior in slow motion high velocity camera 4000 fps (frames per second) is used with image resolution 1024 x 768. Data obtained then processed using MATLAB image processing technique to analyze sequence of images visually and quantitatively to determine several parameters; spreading ratio, dimensionless height and contact time.The results showed droplets have different behavior characteristics even at the same surface temperature. Droplet contact time on the copper surface is shorter than aluminum and stainless steel. This is because droplets experienced bouncing due to film boiling regime takes place earlier. Maximum spreading ratio of stainless-steel surfaces is higher than copper because changes of boiling regime on stainless steel surfaces are slower and droplet is still experiencing spreading on the surface

Low velocity impact and compression after impact behaviour of polyester pin-reinforced foam filled honeycomb sandwich panels

Hybridization of sandwich panels and their different components have drawn huge attention due to the significant improvement in their attributes. Hybrid core of ‘Polyester Pin-reinforced Foam filled Honeycomb Sandwich panels’ (PFHS) were fabricated and compared with unreinforced ‘Foam filled Honeycomb Sandwich panels’ (FHS) in terms of low velocity impact and Compression After Impact (CAI) performance. The impact damage area was calculated by employing MATLAB image processing technique. Incorporating through thickness pins for connecting faces and core is an effectual way to improve interfacial bonding, specific bending stiffness and also imparts out of plane properties for sandwich panels. The low velocity impact tests performed on the sandwich panels revealed that the polyester pin reinforcement in foam filled honeycomb sandwich panel improved the load bearing capacity, total absorbed energy and reduced the impact damage area significantly. In CAI test, debond, wrinkling of face sheet, and buckling of face sheet and core are the major modes of failure. The addition of the pins enhanced the compressive strength for all the impact energy levels.

Design and Implementation of Humanoid Robotic Arm

Robotics has been acknowledged process of main stream in the industrial automation domain for decades. It is gradually making its headway into the domain of military, medical and vehicle application domain. But only problem we might face is in controlling, the aim of this project is to enhance the interactivity. In Activities we have shown all the activities going around in the places where the basic activities are eating and cooking. In Environment we have shown the surroundings or environment where the activities are taking place. In Interaction we have shown the interaction between the person/object by which the activities are done. In Object section we have put the objects/tools connected to activities. In User we have shown the user that are involved in the activities in the given environment. For a controlling robotic arm in open source by adding a virtual world input by enabling the user to interact with the real world and making the entire process Eco friendly. Besides the research, humanoid robots are being developed to perform human tasks like personal assistance, through which they should be able to assist the sick and elderly, and dirty or dangerous jobs. Humanoids are also suitable for some procedurally-based vocations, such as reception-desk administrators and automotive manufacturing line workers. In essence, since they can use tools and operate equipment and vehicles designed for the human form, humanoids could theoretically perform any task a human being can, so long as they have the proper software. Ultrasonic actuators are designed to produce movements in a micrometer order at ultrasonic frequencies (over 20 kHz). They are useful for controlling vibration, positioning applications and quick switching. However, the complexity of doing so is immense.In our project we are designing humanoid robot. Which are activated through gesture. For gesture recognized we use MATLAB image processing technique. For wireless data transmission we use cc2500RF module as well as Bluetooth module. Here servo motor is used for arm controlling. DC motor used for platform movement. All this hardware control by ATmega328 microcontroller.

THE EFFECT OF SOLID MATERIAL VARIATION ON THE SPREADING BEHAVIOR OF SINGLE DROPLET IMPINGIMENT ONTO AN INCLINED HEATED SURFACE

Single droplet impingement onto an inclined heated surface was studied experimentally. The droplet was dropped from 70 mm fixed height to the material surface with a 45º impact angle. The experiment used three types of materials; Stainless Steel AISI 304, Aluminum Alloy 2024, and Copper. Each test material has average surface roughness, Ra 0.06 μm. Materials are assumed to have the same surface treatment condition. Droplet behavior observed at surface temperatures of 100 ºC and 140 ºC. Droplet has a 3.0 mm diameter and 28.5 Weber number (low impact category). A high-speed camera 4000 fps (frames per second) with image resolution 1024 x 768 was used to analyze the droplet behavior after impact. MATLAB image processing technique used to determine the spreading ratio and dimensionless height. The results showed that the droplets have different behavior even at the same surface temperature. Boiling regimes influence both spreading and dimensionless height ratios. In the natural convection regime, the oscillation of the spreading droplet ratio influenced by Weber number and gravity. During the nucleate boiling and at Leidenfrost temperature, the spreading ratio influenced by bubble growth and secondary atomization.

New Proposal for Size and Size-Distribution Evaluation of Nanoparticles Synthesized via Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis Using Search Algorithm Based on Image-Processing Technique.

Nanoparticle properties are correlated to their size, size distribution, and shape; it is essential to accurately measure these features in the field of nanoscience. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized with the ultrasonic-spray-pyrolysis (USP) method from a water solution of silver nitrate. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) analysis and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to reveal their size and size distribution. A search algorithm based on an image-processing technique to obtain particle size and particle-size distribution from SEM micrographs is proposed. In order to obtain more quantitative information and data with respect to the morphology of particles synthesized under different process parameters, SEM micrographs with a nonhomogeneous background contrast were examined via image-processing techniques in MATLAB. Due to the inhomogeneous contrast of SEM micrographs, defining an overall threshold value was insufficient in the detection of whole nanoparticles. Thus, subimages were directly created according to the maximum and minimum particle size specified by the user to determine local threshold values. The obtained results were automatically combined to represent both particle dimension and location in the SEM micrographs. We confirmed that the results of our DLS analysis, theoretical calculation, and image-processing technique were correlated with our expected results.

Association of flame-oscillation frequency under cross wind diffusion

Turbulent flame-oscillation frequency and combustion efficiency are the important parameters in combustion. It is a useful study to judge combustion efficiency by intuitive flame frequency. Based on a combustion wind tunnel experimental set-up, the variation law of combustion flame-oscillation frequency and combustion efficiency using external wind speeds was studied via the color flames image sequence of oil pan combustion and flue gas composition. The oscillation frequency was calculated with the upper edge of the fire plume which recorded flame image sequence using a high-speed video, combined the MATLAB image processing technique. The combustion efficiency was calculated combined with the C and H element mass of the liquid fuel in the oil pool and CO2 and H2O concentrations in the flue gas. The results show that the oscillation frequency of the flame revealed a tendency to increase followed by a decrease with increasing wind speed, while the overall trend of combustion efficiency increased first and then decreased. The combustion efficiency could be judged by observing the oscillation frequency of the flame image. In addition, the combustion efficiency may ensure in right way when the turbulence oscillation frequency of the oil pan flame ranged between 15 Hz and 18 Hz.

Acoustic and visual study on condensation of steam–air mixture jet plume in subcooled water

Experiments have been performed for steam–air mixture injected from a circle nozzle fixed at the bottom of a cool water tank. Acoustic sound characteristic and gas volume fraction distribution around the nozzle exit have been measured. For this purpose, a waterproof microphone and a high speed camera have been employed. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of detected sound waves proves the existence of a few dominant frequencies whose strength are affected by both water subcooling and air content. Gas volume fraction in the whole fluid field was obtained through MATLAB image processing technique, which mainly contains image binaryzation and adding of a thousand of image matrixes. With the increase of air content as well as tank water temperature, the gas volume fraction decreases more slowly, in both axial and radial directions. The gas volume fraction profiles studied at three different transverse positions were able to be fitted into one single cure, suggesting the self-similarity of the gas volume fraction distribution. The air content and water temperature covered the range 1–10% and 310–340K, respectively. All the measurements were carried out by varying steam flow rate in the range of 0.30–0.32g/s and 0.42–0.44g/s with the nozzle diameter of 1.6mm.

Matlab Image Processing Technique and Application in Pore Structure Characterization of Hardened Cement Pastes

Based on Matlab image processing technique and backscattered electron image analysis method, a characterization method is set up to make quantitative analysis on pore structure of hardened cement pastes. Adopt Matlab to acquire images, and carry out gradation and binarization processing for them; use the combination method of local threshold segmentation and histogram segmentation to obtain pore structure characteristics. The results showed that evolution law of pore structure of fly ash cement pastes via Matlab image analysis method is similar to the conclusion obtained through BET and DVS. Selecting different angle of backscattered electron images in the same sample, its statistic results are more representative.

Comparative Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Three Herbal Plants Extract with Digital Image Processing Technique

Background and Objectives: The development in the technology have witnessed that there is a revival of interest in drug discovery from medicinal plants for treatment of the most destructive diseases. Our investigation characterizes the usage of digital image processing techniques in Matlab to process and analyze the antimicrobial effects of the selected herbal plants. Methods: The first stage of our investigation involves the extraction of components with methanol from the selected three herbal plants- Solanum xanthocarpum, Solanum nigrum and Helianthus annuus by using soxhlet apparatus. These plant extracts were assayed for antimicrobial activity against 4 different bacterial and fungal species using disk diffusion method. Results: Notable cell growth inhibitions were observed from the selected microbes. Solanum xanthocarpum exhibits better antibacterial properties on comparison to other two extracts. Solanum nigrum and Helianthus annuus exhibit better antifungal properties by being sensitive factor towards fungal medium. The obtained images were processed using color coding techniques to determine the activity of the extract by isolating the region of inhibition area. The region of inhibition was measured using matlab code and tabulation was compiled to compare the manually measured distances to the automated measurements. Conclusions: The results provided evidence that the studied plant extracts might indeed be potential sources of natural antimicrobial agents and the introduction of an evaluation technique using image processing was shown to be suitable for the purpose of accurate measurements of zone of inhibition.

Pest Control in Agricultural Plantations Using Image Processing

Monocropped plantations are unique to India and a handful of countries throughout the globe. Essentially, the FOREST approach of growing coffee along with in India has enabled the plantation to fight many outbreaks of pests and diseases. Mono cropped Plantations are under constant threat of pest and disease incidence because it favours the build up of pest population. To cope with these problems, an automatic pest detection algorithm using image processing techniques in MATLAB has been proposed in this paper. Image acquisition devices are used to acquire images of plantations at regular intervals. These images are then subjected to pre-processing, transformation and clustering. I. Introduction Today there are more than 250 organic pesticides and thousands of formulations. The coffee industry unfortunately relies on these poisons to protect the plant and berries from insect attack and disease spread. In some advanced countries aerial spraying of these hazardous chemicals is carried out to save on labour costs. Most, coffee farmers advocate the use of BROAD SPECTRUM pesticides. These are more dangerous than systemic pesticides because they act on many insects both beneficial and harmful. There is every chance that these chemicals can easily drift or get washed or leached by heavy showers and reach groundwater or open estuaries there by contaminating the earth's precious water reserve. However, the cultivation of these crops for optimum yield and quality produce is highly technical. A lot of research has been done on greenhouse agro systems And more generally on protected crops to control pests and diseases by biological means instead of pesticides. Research in agriculture is aimed towards increase of productivity and food quality at reduced expenditure and with increased profit, which has received importance in recent time. A strong demand now exists in many countries for non -chemical control methods for pests or diseases. However no automatic methods are available which precisely and periodically detect the pests on plants. In fact, in production conditions, greenhouse staff periodically observes plants and search for pests. This manual method is time consuming. With the recent advancement in image processing pattern recognition techniques, it is possible to develop an autonomous system for disease classification of crops. In this paper, we focus on early pest detection. First, this implies to regularly observe the plants. Disease images are acquired using cameras or scanners. Then the acquired image has to be processed to interpret the image contents by image processing methods. The focus of this paper is on the interpretation of image for pest detection.

Application of MATLAB Image Processing Technique in Experiments of Surfactant Drop Spreading

The present paper used MATLAB digital image processing technology to solve the spreading images occurred by surfactant drop spreading on a liquid film, which to obtain the spreading area very well. Based on analysis of spreading index, it is indicated that the results obtained by present paper is basically agreement with those gained by other researchers, which shows that the method of digital image processing is able to meet the requirements of experiment image analyzing entirely.