Mathematical Research Methods Research Articles

Impact investing: A study of structural transformations of a macroregion's social services

Subject. This article discusses the issues of investment policy and support for the social sphere. Objectives. The article aims to analyze changes in the sectoral and territorial structures of investments in the subjects of the Ural economic region (macroregion) for the period from 2005 to 2021. Methods. For the study, I used the economic and mathematical research methods. Results. The article finds that despite the increase in investment in education and healthcare in the Ural macroregion, in general, there have been no significant structural changes in favor of these sectors. Noticeable changes in the sectoral structure of the economy are recorded in the Orenburg Oblast and the Udmurt Republic. Relevance. The research results can be used to develop regional programmes to support economic sectors.

Science and technology capacities of the region – Some particularities and methodological approaches to empirical assessment: Evidence from the Volga (Privolzhsky) Federal District regions

Subject. This article discusses the issues of structural transformation of economic processes, competitiveness growth, and rational use of labor, financial and technological resources. Objectives. The article aims to conduct a factor analysis of data reflecting the development potential of the Volga (Privolzhsky Federal District regions within the framework of the exogenous model of economic growth. Methods. For the study, I used the economic and mathematical research methods. Results. The article presents a developed system of equations to assess the impact of the qualitative characteristics of the science and technology capacities of regions on the economic growth change. Relevance. The results of the study can be taken into account when developing programmes for the science and technology development of regions in the context of transition to a new technological paradigm.

The current state of the dairy cattle industry in the region

Subject. The article is devoted to dairy cattle breeding being an important industry in the agro-food complex of the country that occupies a high share in the structure of gross agricultural output. Objectives. The purpose is to analyze the development of dairy cattle breeding in the Russian Federation, the Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, and Knyagininsky District. Methods. We employed economic, statistical, and mathematical research methods. Results. The study provides the analysis of dairy cattle breeding development in the Russian Federation, the Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, and the Knyagininsky District, reveals the interrelation of factors influencing the development of dairy cattle breeding in the Knyagininsky District. We determined reasons for a decline in the number of animals and the growth factors of cow milk yield. The paper offers the application of State support for the development of dairy production. Conclusions. Currently, it is possible to ensure the growth of milk volumes only on the basis of innovation-oriented development of dairy cattle breeding, which includes the introduction of technical, technological, organizational, and economic innovations, optimal combination of megafarms, dairy complexes, medium and small dairy farms, an increase in the genetic potential of the dairy herd, optimization of fodder base, improvement of the system of relations between the subjects of the milk and food subcomplex of the agro-industrial complex. It is crucial to provide State support for the development of dairy cattle breeding in the Nizhny Novgorod Oblast.

Financial mechanism for labor pension formation based on the deposit book method

Subject. This article discusses the pension system in force in Russia. Objectives. The article aims to develop an algorithm for determining the labor pension amount. Methods. For the study, I used economic and mathematical research methods. Results. The article proposes to organize the payment of labor pension in the form of annuity payment based on the deposit book method. Conclusions. The labor pension amount should be formed in accordance with the accumulative principle and unambiguously determined by the amount of accumulated insurance premiums, the value of the key interest rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, and the expected period of pension receipt.

Areas for improving regional policy tools in the service sector based on cross-impact analysis

Subject. This article discusses the issues of strategic planning and development of the service sector in the regions of Russia. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the factors that determine the specifics of the regional policy for the development of the service sector. Methods. For the study, we used economic and mathematical research methods. Results. The article finds that the strategies of socio-economic development of some regions of Russia are characterized by an incomplete representation of the interrelations between priorities, goals and objectives, as well as the lack of quantitative assessments of threats to various sectors of the economy. The article proposes an original system of equations that help taking into account the influence of various factors on the development of the service sector. Relevance. The results of the study can be taken into account when forming and adjusting a regional socio-economic policy.

A cognitive analysis and scenario modeling of retail trade turnover in the Kemerovo Oblast – Kuzbass

Subject. This article discusses the issues of consumer market development. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the factors determining the volume and changes in retail trade turnover of the Kemerovo Oblast. Methods. For the study, we used the economic and mathematical research methods. Results. The article presents a cognitive model in the form of an oriented graph that helps assess the impact of various factors on the target indicator, namely retail turnover. It substantiates the expediency of using a cognitive modeling technology to study and forecast such macroeconomic indicators as the volume and changes in retail trade turnover. Conclusions. The best scenario for the development of the consumer market of the Kemerovo Oblast assumes the impulse impact on trade turnover of such factors as unemployment, the number of people employed (primarily in the field of trade), the consumer price index, and the poverty rate.

Optimisation of Cross-Border Project Management In Higher Education Institutions in the Context of the Impact of Global Economic Crises

In today's globalized and interconnected world, the impact of global crises poses increasing risks to the economic situation of each country in particular. The study of cross-border cooperation in the context of current crisis processes allows us to identify new risks and ways to minimize them. The purpose of the study is to analyze ways to optimize the management of cross-border projects in the context of the impact of global economic crises. Scenario planning, SWOT analysis, statistical and mathematical research methods are used in the course of the study. The article discusses the peculiarities of managing cross-border projects on the example of the Precarpathian National University in the context of the impact of global economic crises. Using the example of the university, the author analyzes the implementation of cross-border projects for the period of 2020-2022, which occurred during two crises. The first global economic crisis is caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and the second regional crisis is caused by the war in Ukraine. The risks faced by the grantee in implementing international programs are identified. The study analyzed four different cross-border projects, which made it possible to assess all the risks in more detail and identify existing problems. For a detailed analysis, the medium-sized PrePOD project was selected, which operated from 2020 to 2022 and received an average amount of funding. The strengths and weaknesses of cross-border cooperation were assessed. The study pays special attention to the role of the Precarpathian National University, emphasizing the need for financial risk management, effective communication, compliance with the law, and adaptation of national legislation to European standards. The paper formulates strategies for improving the management of cross-border projects in the context of global crises, and proposes to create research centers to improve the management of grant activities. It has been determined that flexibility and communication are the international factors that can reduce the impact of crisis processes on the implementation of international cooperation.

Cognitive modeling of multi-contextual factors of youth entrepreneurship development in the region

Subject. This article examines the issue of the implementation of private business initiative and the involvement of young people in entrepreneurial activities. Objectives. The article aims to structure the factors that determine the transition from entrepreneurial intentions to entrepreneurial activity. Methods. For the study, we used mathematical research methods. Results. The article finds that the main factors influencing the entrepreneurial activity of young people are the State policy in the field of regulation and support of entrepreneurship, social norms and attitudes to entrepreneurship in society, as well as the general economic situation. Relevance. The results of the study can be used when designing programmes for the development of the labor market in the regions of Russia.

Risk-Based Assessment of the Performance of Territorial Bodies of the Federal Treasury of the Russian Federation

This paper presents the authors’ methodology of a risk-oriented approach to assessing the performance of territorial bodies of the Federal Treasury of the Russian Federation. The proposed methodology consists in the application of adjustment coefficients, which account for the quality of the execution of budgetary powers and the growth rate of the gross regional product of the corresponding territory. The goal of the study is to develop a risk-oriented methodology for assessing the contribution of the territorial bodies of the Federal Treasury to the United Nations sustainable development goals and national goals. The current study employs systemic, process based, risk-oriented approaches, statistical data analysis, and mathematical research methods. The gross regional product for the subjects of the Russian Federation is calculated for 2018–2019. Based on an analysis of Russian and foreign research on modern controlling systems and in accordance with the current concept of controlling, an attempt is made to develop a methodology for assessing the performance of the Federal Treasury and its territorial bodies. The main conclusion of the study is that the most expedient approach to assessing the efficiency of territorial bodies of the Federal Treasury is through the balanced scorecard system built in accordance with the strategic goals of the Federal Treasury, the national goals of the Russian Federation, and the UN SDGs.

Artificial intelligence, neural networks, big data, and mathematical research methods

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Assessment of risk factors for COVID-19 spread by staff in intensive care units of a multidisciplinary hospital

Objective. To evaluate the risk factors for COVID-19 spreading by personnel of resuscitation units of a multifield hospital.
 Materials and Methods. The study included epidemiological, statistical, and mathematical research methods with retrospective analysis of COVID-19 morbidity and COVID-19 preventive measures in resuscitation units of a multifield hospital.
 Results. The results of the study indicated the highest incidence of COVID-19 among medical personnel in the cardiac surgery and neuroresuscitation units with the highest rates among physicians (66.6 and 45.5 %). The determining risk factors for infection with COVID-19 and other pathogens of acute respiratory diseases among medical personnel were the following: admission of patients in urgent condition to the department without examination results; high load for doctors working with patients, determining the excessive use of personal protective equipment (PPE) by two, four times; violation of rules for PPE removal and utilization conditions, improper storage and contamination of clean PPE, low proportion of PPE use in the interepidemic period; procedures associated with formation of aerosol, airtightness failure during mask ventilation in 24 % of patients that led to leakage of aerosol into the environment, insufficient coverage of medical personnel with preventive vaccination against COVID-19 in some units.
 Conclusions. The high incidence of COVID-19 among medical personnel and workload, violations of PPE usage, and procedures with aerosol formation specific for resuscitation units all these things determine the increased risk of COVID-19 spread by medical staff in resuscitation units.

Improvement of theoretical training of athletes in ukrainian belt wrestling at the stages of multi-year sports training

The growing popularity of Ukrainian belt wrestling in Ukraine and the world is due to the peculiarities of belt wrestling and the rules of the match, unlike other types of belt wrestling. Due to the peculiarity of the rules of conducting a match in Ukrainian belt wrestling, the method of conducting an educational and training process to increase the level of sportsmanship requires the latest approaches at various stages of long-term sports training, in contrast to other types of belt wrestling, where there is already a clear method of preparation for various competitions. The problems of improving the quality of the educational and training process of athletes in Ukrainian belt wrestling attract the attention of both domestic and foreign scientists. The aim of the study: to improve the theoretical training of athletes in Ukrainian belt wrestling at the stages of multi-year sports training to improve the training and education process of wrestlers and increase the level of sports preparedness. Research methods: theoretical (analysis of scientific and methodological, regulatory and historical literature), pedagogical (pedagogical observation, testing, level of sports training), medical and biological (heart rate, blood pressure), mathematical research methods. Conclusions: in sports training, the most significant changes occurred in the level of theoretical training of athletes of the experimental group, the level of which increased by 33.2%, in psychological training, the emotional state of athletes in the experimental group improved by 29.7%, the level of technical and tactical training of athletes in the experimental group increased by 28 .5%, the level of physical fitness of athletes of the experimental group increased by 11.8%.

Impact of International Sanctions on the Socio-Economic Security of Regions

Since 2014, the problem of sanctions and counter-sanctions has not left the front pages of popular and scientific publications and most information resources. A large number of works by domestic and foreign authors, consulting agencies gave both positive and negative forecasts of the impact of anti-Russian sanctions on the country’s economy as a whole. Over the course of 8 years, various types of sanctions were introduced that dealt an economic blow to both individuals and sectors of the economy and specific corporations that are represented in different regions of the country, which undoubtedly carries risks for the socio-economic security of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The subjects of the Russian Federation have a different structure of the economy and the level of socio-economic development, while the impact of sanctions on the level of socio-economic security of individual regions and the possibilities of leveling them have not yet been sufficiently investigated, which gives this topic high relevance. The purpose of the study is to assess the nature of the sanctions and their impact on the socio-economic security of the regions. The work uses bibliographic, analytical, statistical and mathematical research methods, analyzes open statistical data in the context of the regions of the Volga Federal District (VFD). As a result of the study, an analysis of the degree of influence of sanctions pressure on the indicators of foreign trade operations, the availability of technologies, the level of overdue loans, and the financial results of companies’ activities was presented. As a result of the study, factors were identified that have a greater impact on the state of the regional economy, indicators, indicators and directions for reducing the impact of sanctions on the socio-economic security of the Volga Federal District regions.

Обоснование способа определения коллагена в сырье и пищевой продукции

The purpose of the work is to substantiate the method of determining collagen in food products. The paper substantiates the ratio of the sample mass and distilled water during the removal of gluten, the temperature of the removal of gluten, the duration of the removal of gluten, tested the developed method for determining collagen by assessing the collagen content in samples of small-mouthed sea smelt.
 Theoretical, physico-chemical, spectrometric and mathematical research methods were used in the work.

Проблемы медицинского обеспечения лиц старше трудоспособного возраста (на примере Республики Татарстан)

Currently, most countries are showing a demographic trend characterized by an increase in the number of older people. In Russia, there is also a significant aging of the population, in connection with which, the number of people older than working age seeking medical care is growing every year. At the same time, the need is growing not only for treatment and rehabilitation, but also for the prevention of diseases, the implementation of active longevity programs. All this emphasizes the relevance and necessity of high-quality and sufficient medical support for this category of people. Purpose: to study the features of medical support for people older than working age on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan. Materials and methods: the data of official statistics, including those of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, were used in the work. Analytical, statistical, mathematical research methods were used. Findings: To create optimal resource provision in the provision of medical care to people older than working age, it is necessary to: introduce new indicators of the state of health, increase the number of geriatricians, increase the number of geriatric beds, not reduce therapeutic beds, constantly increase the coverage of preventive medical examinations, medical examinations of people older than working age age, based on their share in the population structure (at least 25%).

MODELING THE IMPACT OF CAPITAL INVESTMENTS ON THE FINANCIAL SECURITY OF AGRARIAN ENTERPRISES

The article reveals the essence of capital investments and the importance of this category for the development of agricultural enterprises. It has been proven that they influence the economic development of the studied enterprises and the level of their financial security. The conducted analysis established that during the last five years there is no clear tendency to increase the volume of investments, which led to the need for certain internal factors that affect investment attraction. With the help of economic and mathematical methods, the influence of internal factors, namely the company's income and the amount of equity capital, on the amount of investment was determined. In the process of research, it was determined that the volume of involved investments and the financial results of the enterprises have a close relationship, which showed their influence on the level of financial security of agricultural enterprises. The article also defines a number of other factors that testify to the economic development of enterprises, the impact on the volume of investments, which is quite significant. The purpose of the article is to assess the influence and closeness of the relationship between the volume of investments and factors that indicate the level of financial security of agricultural enterprises. In conducting the research, general scientific and special research methods were used. which, method of scientific knowledge, analysis and synthesis, graphic method, generalization method, factor analysis, economic and mathematical research methods. As a result of the research, the author determined the main factors influencing the economic development of enterprises and the level of their financial security. In order to determine the closeness of the relationship, economic models were built between the studied categories, which are based on the levels of the power function. It has been proven that there is a close connection between investments and the volume of output and exports and a significant impact on financial results and gross added value. The author assessed the influence of internal factors on the investment attractiveness of agricultural enterprises and substantiated the need to take into account external factors, which is promising for further research

About Modern Intelligent Tools of Economy and Management

Revolutionary changes are taking place in the field of mathematical, statistical and instrumental methods of economics, a brief review of which is the subject of this article. A new paradigm of mathematical research methods is the basis of the methodology of systemic fuzzy interval mathematics. The role of such tools as terminological systems is great. Among the intellectual tools of economics and management, one of the main places is occupied by methods of making managerial decisions. The basic concepts in mathematical methods and models of decision theory are fuzzy and interval numbers and sets, and therefore the intellectual tools of this theory are based on systemic fuzzy interval mathematics. A variety of expert procedures designed to collect and analyze the subjective opinions of experts use intuition as a basic component of human thinking. Methods of awakening and stimulating intuition deserve careful study and development with a view to applying it to solving practical problems. Methods for the development and application of technologies for information and analytical decision support, i.e. controlling are important for economics and management. Particularly promising are the controlling methods and its component – ​the controlling of science, including scientometric and expert methods of managing scientific activities. And therefore we must bring the paradigm of economic science in line with modern requirements, adequately transform the teaching system. The explosive development of the digital economy, by which we mean modern information and communication technologies in the field of economics and management, makes it possible to form a new paradigm of economic science. Its basis, in our opinion, should be a solidary information economy.

Influence of ukrainian belt wrestling means on the level of physical condition of female students in the process of classing in physical education

Preservation and strengthening of health, prevention of professional diseases of students in the educational process, formation of readiness for future professional activity, nationally patriotic and culturally spiritual education, the need for physical improvement and a healthy lifestyle are the main tasks of the process of physical education of students in the higher education system of Ukraine. The process of physical education of students in the system of higher education should be based on the latest methods of formation of motor skills, development of physical qualities, which will ensure a high level of physical condition for a student of a higher education institution of Ukraine and contribute to the fulfillment of professional duties in the future professional activity. Noting the scientific interest in the problem of physical training of students in the system of higher education of Ukraine, it can be noted that this direction requires constant and systematic study and improvement.
 The aim of the investigation: To determine experimentally the effect of Ukrainian belt wrestling on the level of
 physical condition of female students during physical education classes.
 Research methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, medical and biological research methods, pedagogical research methods, mathematical research methods.
 Conclusion. Means of Ukrainian belt wrestling from the curriculum of Ukrainian belt wrestling of the initial training stage, which were used during physical education classes with female students of the experimental group, had a positive effect on their psycho-emotional state and activity, which after the end of the experiment increased by 41.8% compared to the control group, whose level of activity and emotional state increased by 25.2%. The indicators of the level of physical condition of female students of the experimental group after using the means of Ukrainian wrestling on belts during physical education classes improved significantly compared to female students of the control group, the indicators of the level of physical skills were higher than the control group by an average of 28%, an increase in the potential of cardiohemodynamics was also observed by an average of 21.5% relative to the control group.

Analyzing the indicators of innovative development of smartphones (the case of Nokia smartphones produced by Nokia, Microsoft, and HMD)

Subject. The article investigates the patterns of changes in technical and economic indicators of Nokia smartphones. Objectives. Our purpose is to analyze technical parameters of mid-range Nokia smartphones. Methods. The study rests on mathematical methods of research. Results. The paper determines interrelations of technical and economic indicators of Nokia smartphones, demonstrates how the price and the specific absorption rate of electromagnetic energy depend on technological indicators and technical process, on which basis chipsets are made. Conclusions. The development of smartphone manufacturing technology, as a rule, comes with rise in price and risks to human health, caused by an increase in the specific absorption rate of electromagnetic energy.

Immune and mathematical procedures in early diagnosis of psoriatic and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis

Objectives. Improvement of early diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis based on clinical data, immunological and mathematical research methods. Material and methods. The study was carried out between 2019 and 2022 at the Rheumatology and Nephrology Discipline, in the arthrology and rheumatology departments of the Timofei Moşneaga Republican Clinical Hospital. To accomplish the tasks set out in the study, 110 patients were examined, including 55 patients with psoriatic arthritis (group I) and 55 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (group II). Results. The range with the highest probability of psoriatic arthritis for the instrumental index is between 0.54 and 1.86. Of the 55 patients with psoriatic arthritis in 95% of patients clinical, laboratory, immunological and instrumental indices were within the range of the highest probability of the disease, which indicates a fairly high reliability of the mathematical model. Conclusions. Immune disorders in the early stages of rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis are nonspecific and are characterized by an increase in CD16+ (26.2±1.5) and CD29+ (24.8±2.1) in rheumatoid arthritis, which is significantly higher than in psoriatic arthritis CD16+ (22.0±1.3) and CD29+ (17.4±3.2) (p <0.05). A mathematical model of rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis has been developed, which serves as an additional way of diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis and early psoriatic arthritis. Keywords: rheumatoid, psoriatic arthritis, mathematical, immune diagnosis.