Consumption Of Material Resources Research Articles

Life Cycle Assessment of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles Considering Different Vehicle Working Conditions and Battery Degradation Scenarios

This study establishes a life cycle assessment model to quantitively evaluate and predict material resource consumption, fossil energy consumption and environmental emissions of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) by employing the GaBi software. This study distinguishes the environmental impact of different vehicle working conditions, power battery degradation scenarios, and mileage scenarios on the operation and use stages of PHEVs, BEVs, and HEVs. The findings indicate that under urban, highway, and aggressive driving conditions, PHEVs’ life cycle material resource and fossil fuel consumption exceed that of BEVs but are less than HEVs. Battery degradation leads to increased material resource consumption, energy use, and environmental emissions for both PHEVs and BEVs. When the power battery degrades to 85%, the material resource and fossil energy consumption during the operation and use phase increases by 51.43%, 72.68% for BEVs and 29.37%, 36.21% for PHEVs compared with no degradation, respectively, indicating that the environmental impact of BEVs are more sensitive than those of PHEVs to the impact of power battery degradation. Among different mileage scenarios, PHEVs demonstrate the lowest sensitivity to increased mileage regarding life cycle material resource consumption, with the smallest increase. Future projections for 2025 and 2035 suggest life cycle GWP of HEV, PHEV and BEV in 2035 is 1.21 × 104, 1.12 × 104 and 1.01 × 104 kg CO2-eq, respectively, which shows reductions of 48.7%, 30.9% and 36.1% compared with those in 2025. The outcomes of this study are intended to bolster data support for the manufacturing and development of PHEV, BEV and HEV under different scenarios and offer insights into the growth and technological progression of the automotive sector.

Analysis of Regulation of Costs for Operating Buses in a Transport Company

The problem of increasing passenger traffic remains acute for municipal public transport. The value of this indicator is determined by the interest of citizens in this way of making their trips and determines the feasibility of the carrier’s operation. The authors conducted a study of the problems of public transport services in large- and medium-sized cities, which found that the population’s interest in public urban passenger transport has generally been significantly lost. More than 40% of the city population refuses to travel on public transport, half of the population has questions about the reliability of tariff formation, and the same number of people are not satisfied with the regular route network and schedule. City residents increasingly prefer personal vehicles or taxis for their trips, which negatively affects the revenue side of carriers, as well as the level of social comfort and the quality of life of citizens. Efforts to reduce the operating costs of the carrier are aimed at correcting the current situation with urban transport so that tariffs for transportation are more acceptable for passengers. The formation of tariffs for passenger transportation for transport companies is an urgent and complex task. It is necessary to formulate the tariff in such a way as to cover your own transportation costs in the near future and, at the same time, not exceed the psychological threshold for passengers so as not to cause their negative reaction. In addition, since the transportation of passengers by urban public transport is regulated by the authorities, it is also necessary to provide an economic justification for transportation tariffs. This is difficult in the absence of substantiated indicators of consumption rates of material resources in the transport process. To solve this problem, it is necessary to carefully analyze the current costs of operating the bus fleet, as well as forecast costs for future periods. At different periods, researchers have proposed various approaches for planning the cost of operating a bus fleet. The approach we propose is to use standardization of the consumption of material resources, considering the individual operating conditions of the bus fleet and the influence of various factors.

Comparative Analysis: Resource Consumption and Environmental Pollution by Subsoil Users in Northern Asia (Russia)

This article examines resource use issues and the anthropogenic impact on the environment of companies operating in the mineral resource sector of northern Asian regions. The research aims to comprehensively analyze resource consumption and environmental intensity indicators for leading companies in mineral extraction. A set of indicators reflecting the necessary parameters for mineral resource consumption and pollution intensity due to their production activities is constructed based on quantitative and cost indicators. A pollution intensity assessment is carried out based on environmental intensity indicators. The sectoral and corporate-level indicators are of the most interest in industrial production. The study identified seven critical northern Asian companies that play a decisive role in the mining industry, which were examples for analyzing material resource consumption and production greening pace. Reducing resource use and environmental impact is a crucial task for sustainable development. This study emphasizes the importance of evaluating resource consumption and environmental impact for companies in the mineral resource sector, providing valuable insights for companies, government bodies, and international organizations working towards the region’s sustainable development and efficient resource management.

Consuming responsibly: Prioritising responsible consumption behaviours in Australia

Human behaviour is at the centre of unsustainable consumption and production. Responsible consumption behaviours must therefore be at the centre of the solution. However, because it is inefficient for policymakers and practitioners, and ineffective for users, to attempt to target all responsible consumption behaviours simultaneously in a given initiative, some form of prioritisation is necessary. Through a combination of collaborative workshops and surveys with key stakeholders, this study applied established methods of prioritisation to identify a ‘long list’ of 84 responsible consumption behaviours across three material streams – fashion, electronics and furniture. The ‘long list’ was then taken to a prioritisation summit with government, academic, business, and community stakeholders. The behaviours were rated against explicit prioritisation criteria related to likelihood of adoption, timing, impact and potential system reach. This yielded a final ‘short list’ of seven prioritised behaviours, including a mixture of achievable consumer behaviours that can be realised in the short-term, as well as larger-scale and longer-term manufacturer- and government-related behaviours supporting fundamental design and policy shifts. By drawing on the collective knowledge and expertise of academic and non-academic experts, the study identified and prioritised behaviours to reduce material resource consumption in Australia that are impactful and transformative, while also being practical and realistic to implement.

Digital Twins: Enhancing Circular Economy through Digital Tools

In the drive towards sustainable design, the push for products with greater longevity, reparability, and recyclability has never been more crucial. Central to this is the integration of eco-design principles within manufacturing processes. However, there is a gap: manufacturers lack both standardized processes and digital tools to support them, even though the promising digital product passport largely focuses on product lifespan.Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are paramount, serving as benchmarks for both the manufacturing process and environmental sustainability of a product. These KPIs encompass factors like energy, water, compressed air, and material resource consumption. To emphasize the importance of these metrics, Europe is vulnerable to supply disruptions due to its high dependence on raw materials from non-EU countries.This paper discusses the state of the art of digital twins and presents a digital shadow—a comprehensive digital tool design to support manufacturers during the product design phase. Drawing from a case study in the automotive sector, this tool not only aligns with recycling and sustainability objectives but also mitigates risks associated with raw material dependencies.

An economic and environmental optimization model for sizing a hybrid renewable energy and battery storage system in off-grid farms

This paper presents a model for optimizing the life cycle economic and environmental impacts of a hybrid renewable energy and battery storage system – as energy supply technologies (EST) for off-grid farms. Micro-hydropower and photovoltaics represent the primary renewable energy (RE) sources, with batteries and a diesel generator considered as possible back-up systems. A modified Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) was developed and applied to a case study farm in Southern Spain and provided different EST solutions to optimize a design based on economic (life cycle costing or LCC) and environmental (life cycle assessment or LCA) constraints. The results highlighted that cases with a strong dependence on batteries could achieve minimum costs and lower impacts for climate change and energy resources (non-renewable fuels). In contrast, the optimal system for minimizing the consumption of material resources (metals/minerals) resulted in higher fuel use, which was up to 25% more expensive. The optimal EST solutions used up to 37% of the total energy generated; however, the results were sensitive to energy production-demand distributions. This methodology can help identify the most cost-effective solutions with the lower environmental impacts for decarbonizing the agricultural sector.

A Finite State Automaton for Green Data Validation in a Real-World Smart Manufacturing Environment with Special Regard to Time-Outs and Overtaking

Since data are the gold of modern business, companies put a huge effort into collecting internal and external information, such as process, supply chain, or customer data. To leverage the full potential of gathered information, data have to be free of errors and corruptions. Thus, the impacts of data quality and data validation approaches become more and more relevant. At the same time, the impact of information and communication technologies has been increasing for several years. This leads to increasing energy consumption and the associated emission of climate-damaging gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2). Since these gases cause serious problems (e.g., climate change) and lead to climate targets not being met, it is a major goal for companies to become climate neutral. Our work focuses on quality aspects in smart manufacturing lines and presents a finite automaton to validate an incoming stream of manufacturing data. Through this process, we aim to achieve a sustainable use of manufacturing resources. In the course of this work, we aim to investigate possibilities to implement data validation in resource-saving ways. Our automaton enables the detection of errors in a continuous data stream and reports discrepancies directly. By making inconsistencies visible and annotating affected data sets, we are able to increase the overall data quality. Further, we build up a fast feedback loop, allowing us to quickly intervene and remove sources of interference. Through this fast feedback, we expect a lower consumption of material resources on the one hand because we can intervene in case of error and optimize our processes. On the other hand, our automaton decreases the immaterial resources needed, such as the required energy consumption for data validation, due to more efficient validation steps. We achieve the more efficient validation steps by the already-mentioned automaton structure. Furthermore, we reduce the response time through additional recognition of overtaking data records. In addition, we implement an improved check for complex inconsistencies. Our experimental results show that we are able to significantly reduce memory usage and thus decrease the energy consumption for our data validation task.

The state and consideration for skin test of β-lactam antibiotics in pediatrics.

β-lactam antibiotics are the most frequently used drugs and the most common drugs that cause allergic reactions in pediatrics. The occurrence of some allergic reactions can be predicted by skin testing, especially severe adverse reactions such as anaphylactic shock. Thus, penicillin and cephalosporin skin tests are widely used to predict allergic reactions before medication in pediatrics. However, false-positive results from skin tests were more often encountered in pediatrics than in adults. In fact, many children labeled as allergic to β-lactam are not allergic to the antibiotic, leading to the use of alternative antibiotics, which are less effective and more toxic, and the increase of antibiotic resistance. There has been controversy over whether β-lactam antibiotics should be tested for skin allergies before application in children. Based on the great controversy in the implementation of β-lactam antibiotic skin tests, especially the controversial cephalosporin skin tests in pediatrics, the mechanism and reasons of anaphylaxis to β-lactam antibiotics, the significance of β-lactam antibiotic skin tests, the current state of β-lactam antibiotic skin tests at home and abroad, and the problems of domestic and international skin tests were analyzed to determine a unified standard of β-lactam antibiotic skin tests in pediatrics to prevent and decrease adverse drug reactions, avoid waste of drugs, and a large amount of manpower and material resource consumption.

Beyond net-zero: Toward a "One Planet" health system.

Climate change has captured much attention, but it is just one part of a much larger set of massive and rapid global ecological changes. While the United Nations has taken to referring to the "triple planetary crisis" of climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution, even this does not capture the full extent of human impact upon the Earth-and thus upon human well-being. Canada's ecological footprint is equivalent to five planets worth of biocapacity, and healthcare's footprint is probably greater. So while health systems need to become low-carbon or net-zero, they need to go further. If healthcare is to stand by its ethical duty to do no harm, it must become a "One Planet" system. In addition to becoming a net-zero system, healthcare must reduce the consumption of material resources, the use of toxic substances, and production of all forms of waste, and protect and restore nature.

Solving a multi-criteria problem in the logistics of special rail transport

Under the present conditions, there is a need to assess the effectiveness of the functioning of the technical base of railway transport involved in the performance of special (military) transportation, taking into account the current operational and transport situation. To make a management decision on the choice of the option for further following of a special cargo (reloading, following its course, a combined method, as well as following a detour route [4]), when an obstacle occurs along the route, it is necessary to find an option that best meets the requirements of the planned deadlines. This is possible with a systematic approach to finding an alternative way of transportation. For a reasonable choice of the method when making a decision, it is proposed to use the method of hierarchy analysis [5], which allows a comprehensive assessment of all transportation options, taking into account factors affecting the priorities of possible solutions when assessing the effectiveness of the functioning of the railway network when transporting special (military) cargo. The purpose of making a decision is to choose the option of deciding on the method of transportation of special (military) cargo during a break in the movement of trains with available alternatives (B) (4 methods of transportation) the main indicators (K) are the time of arrival of cargo to the designated area, the consumption of material resources (hereinafter- MS) when following their course or using other modes of transport (in particular - fuel), operational losses of automotive equipment (hereinafter - AT) during forced unloading, as well as the consumption of motor resources Kc = f (T, S, N, M)→min (see figure).

A predictive eco-design method and tool for electric vehicles of Industry 4.0

Decisions made at the design stage have a far-reaching effect on the product's entire life cycle. The present paper proposes a method, from which a tool is further developed, to support designers of industrial electric vehicles in making informed decisions. The eco-design method and tool can be applied to the design of different electric vehicles such as autonomous guided vehicles and shuttles, which are widely used for improving logistics in Industry 4.0 contexts. The goal is to make the designer more aware of the consumption of material resources and able to configure a use phase more efficiently in energy resource consumption. Unlike existing literature, this method contemplates all the product lifecycle stages and provides qualitative results. The method is intended for the design of electric vehicles and evaluation of choices from the environmental point of view; nevertheless, it can be further adapted for other products and economic evaluations.

Rationing of the consumption of materials in industrial production, taking into account indicators of manufacturing defects and by-products

Losses caused by the formation of manufacturing defects and by-products can be a significant share in the cost structure when creating goods. It seems logical to try to take into account the amount of scrap and by-products in the planned costs of material resources, to include these values in the system of technical and economic indicators. This material is devoted to the issue of improving the algorithms for calculating the consumption rates of material resources, coordinating the process of planning marriage and by-products and developing standards for resource costs. The material examines the pool of publications on this topic. The basic elements of mathematical algorithms for calculating the planned consumption of material resources, as well as resource rationing algorithms that integrate product quality indicators are given. It is pointed out to a certain collision that occurs during integration, to a discrepancy with methodological principles. The author's approach to the harmonization of these systems within the framework of the mathematical model of resource rationing is given.

Designing Actuation Concepts for Adaptive Slabs with Integrated Fluidic Actuators Using Influence Matrices

Previous work has shown that floor slabs make up most of the material mass of building structures and are typically made of reinforced concrete. Considering the associated resource consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, new approaches are needed in order to reduce the built environment’s impact on the ongoing climate crisis. Various studies have demonstrated that adaptive building structures offer a potential solution for reducing material resource consumption and associated emissions. Adaptive structures have the ability to improve load-bearing performance by specifically reacting to external loads. This work applies the concept of adaptive structures to reinforced concrete slabs through the integration of fluidic actuators into the cross-section. The optimal integration of actuators in reinforced concrete slabs is a challenging interdisciplinary design problem that involves many parameters. In this work, actuation influence matrices are extended to slabs and used as an analysis and evaluation tool for deriving actuation concepts for adaptive slabs with integrated fluidic actuators. To define requirements for the actuator concept, a new procedure for the selection of actuation modes, actuator placement and the computation of actuation forces is developed. This method can also be employed to compute the required number of active elements for a given load case. The new method is highlighted in a case study of a 2 m × 2 m floor.

THE ORETICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR THE FORMATION OF NETWORKS AND CLUSTERS IN THE CONTEXT OF ENSURING ECONOMIC SECURITY

This article establishes the relationship between the concepts of "network" and "cluster", which are generic and specific, respectively. The author's interpretation of the concept of "cluster" is proposed: a set of horizontal and vertical links between economic entities in order to create a single and sustainable complex within which the production, distribution and socially significant consumption of material resources and benefits will be carried out, in order to increase the competitiveness of the national economy as a whole and businesses in particular. By its nature, the cluster is an ideal system in which it is possible to carry out the technological cycle - from the emergence of the idea of ​​a new product and its testing, to the production of this product and release to the market, which is especially important in a pandemic, when the supply chain is disrupted, as well as trade and sanctions wars.

Challenges and solutions in COVID-19 related pandemic solid waste management (PSWM) - A detailed analysis with special focus on plastic waste

A pandemic like novel coronavirus 2’ (SARS-CoV-2) not only poses serious public health repercussions but also affects the socio-economic and environmental conditions of the affected countries. The increased consumption of material resources in conjunction with ‘containment and preventive measures’ is generating an unprecedented amount of potentially infectious solid waste, especially that of plastic origin, which if mismanaged, is bound to affect the ecosystem and public health, as the virus can survive on fomites for longer duration. COVID-19 related pandemic waste, such as Personal protective equipment (PPEs), sanitizer and water bottles, disinfection wipes, and Single use Plastics (SUPs) products has already found its way to the aquatic and terrestrial environment. Even before the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, the management of plastic waste, an environmental stressor with trans-boundary migration capabilities, was a major environmental issue for every stake-holder.In this paper, we propose a separate domain in the waste management framework for the effective management of pandemic related solid waste. Factors and sources contributing to increased plastic waste generation are discussed in detail. A concise picture of global plastic demand through sectors and polymer types is presented and speculations are made on how COVID-19 is going to affect the plastic demand. Current solid waste handling and management practices in developed and developing countries are critically examined from the perspective of this pandemic. We identified various challenges that waste management sectors are facing currently and offered possible solutions.Concerns of transmission through fomites is bringing a change in public behavior and consumption pattern which affects 3R practices, while fear of secondary transmission from occupational infections is interfering with 3R practices at end-of-life plastic waste management. The legislative and restrictive frameworks on plastic use being currently put-on hold at the governmental level to ensure public safety are being used by the plastic industry to lobby for increased plastic consumption. The inability of the governments to win public confidence is further escalating unsustainable practices and slowing the shift towards sustainable economy. It is imperative to enforce sustainable practices without putting public safety at risk and to ensure that an unsustainable societal attitude wouldn’t be reinstated in the post-pandemic world. Lastly, eight research and policy points suggested here may guide future studies and governmental frameworks in the domain of COVID-19 pandemic related solid waste handling and management.

Структуризация учетно-контрольной функции управления материальными затратами на проведение опытно-экспериментальных работ промышленным предприятием

The article is devoted to the problems of economic and organizational perfection of the process of consumption of material resources in the course of experimental work carried out by an economic entity of the real sector of the economy. The conducted studies of the adopted model of management of this process have shown the need to restructure the functions of accounting and control of the resources in question in terms of their significant strengthening; the need for balanced integration in a single information and instrumental space, which determined the purpose of the study, the key objectives of which were the development and implementation of the synergy of order-based cost accounting, differentiated in the context of each work and on-farm control carried out by the "Standard cost" method; justification of the choice of the method of rationing material resources, adequate to the specifics of experimental work and the development of separate forms of output information. The obtained results allowed to significantly improve the resource management system of industrial enterprises, create conditions for the successful implementation of resource-saving programs, the formation of an optimal information and instrumental space for the management of experimental work, which are one of the main tools of technological development, competitive advantages and business profitability.

Методика нормирования материальных ресурсов для автобусов

Abstract. The industry standards for the consumption of material resources currently in force in road transport are advisory in nature and are used by carriers in their current work for production planning. Industry standards, regulated, for example, by order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 158 dated May 30, 2019, establish resource consumption on an average for all road carriers of the Russian Federation. Taking into account the individual operating conditions of the rolling stock and the organization of the transport process is possible only by a correction factor to the fuel consumption rate, the calculation method of which is not regulated. The result is low convergence of planned and actual traffic figures. An effective solution to this problem is the use of resource consumption rates calculated on the basis of statistical data on the consumption of material resources obtained using the means of objective control and data storage of ERP systems. This will make it possible to fully take into account the complex of significant factors that determine the volume of consumption of material resources, reduce the amount of inventory, increase the turnover of funds, and increase the accuracy of rationing and pricing processes for any trucking company. However, the substantiation of such resource consumption norms requires an assessment of the influence of significant factors, the establishment of a relationship between them and the development of a mathematical apparatus for normalization. Therefore, the purpose of this study, which is to increase the efficiency of passenger transportation by buses based on ensuring the reliability of material resource consumption rates, taking into account individual operating conditions, is aimed at solving an urgent scientific and practical problem. Theoretical studies are carried out on the basis of the analysis of scientific and regulatory and technical literature, the legal framework, systemic, statistical, factorial and technical and economic analysis, economic and mathematical modeling of the transport process, and expert evaluation. Experimental studies were carried out in the conditions of operating passenger transport enterprises using the methods of mathematical statistics, computer modeling, field observations. The main results of scientific novelty are: a set of qualitative characteristics and quantitative indicators of factors that determine the consumption of material resources in the operation of the bus fleet; mathematical models for calculating the consumption rates of fuels and lubricants, spare parts and car tires, as well as the corresponding standard operating costs; dependence of indicators of operating consumption of diesel fuel, resource mileage of automobile tires on the magnitude of significant factors established for domestically produced buses of various capacities. Further research is supposed to be carried out in the direction of the development of resource saving methods in the motor transport complex.

The study of the advantages and limitations, risks and possibilities of applying precision farming technologies

The introduction of precision farming technologies at agricultural organizations in Russia is proceeding at a slow pace, that makes it necessary to find ways to intensify this activity. The study aims to identify opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses and develop scientific and practical recommendations on strengthening the use of precision farming technologies in agriculture. Agricultural experts were involved in assessing these characteristics. The strengths include raising awareness of agricultural managers and specialists about the progress in work performed (the conditional index is 4.13 points) and reducing the consumption of material resources (3.83 points). The introduction of these technologies is encouraged with the availability of the Internet at rural areas (3.56 points). The greatest concern is about the functional and physical depreciation of the material and technical base (3.98 points) and insufficient government support (3.44 points). It is necessary to develop governmental targeted measures on increasing state support for updating the material and technical base of agriculture, restoring the human capital in the industry, and developing technologies for precision farming of domestic (Russian) production, which will reduce the dependence on exchange rate fluctuations.

CONSTRUCTIVE AND TECHNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF MODERN BLOCK GREENHOUSES

Problem statement. The beginning of the production of vegetables in protected soil on an industrial basis in Ukraine was marked by the construction in the 80s of the last century of greenhouses from the structures of the Antratsyt Luhansk region prefabricated greenhouse plant. A new impetus to the development of greenhouse vegetable growing was provided by the commissioning of energy-saving modern winter greenhouses built in the period from 2005 to 2015. Greenhouse vegetable growing is not standing still, but is actively expanding around the world. Further development of this area is possible with the introduction of new technologies for construction and operation of greenhouses, as well as their design solutions. The development of greenhouse vegetable growing is an important economic task. The design and technological features of modern greenhouses of the fifth generation of the semi-closed type are shown, which allow to provide high yields at lower consumption of material resources. A study of the complexity of the construction of greenhouses, identified low-mechanized, manual processes. The purpose of the article is to show ways to improve the design and technological parameters of modern greenhouses. In order to ensure energy savings and increase yields. Results. The analysis of normative documents on design and construction of greenhouses is performed. It is shown that greenhouses, the so-called "semi-closed type", allow to obtain high vegetable yields and energy savings. The most mechanized processes for the construction of greenhouses are earthworks and foundations. Much of the manual labor takes place during the installation of the metal frame, glazing and heating systems. Scientific novelty and practical significance. For the first time the value of labor intensity and duration during the construction of greenhouses was obtained, their dependences on the main factors influencing the performance of construction and installation works were established. This allows at the stage of development of design and technological documentation to determine rational ways of performing work.

Projection of material flows and stocks in the urban transport sector until 2050 – A scenario-based analysis for the city of Vienna

The transport sector plays a decisive role in climate change mitigation, especially in cities, as it significantly contributes to global resource and energy consumption. Hence, decarbonising this sector is increasingly recognized as an important means of mitigating climate change, which is reflected in numerous smart city initiatives. However, existing studies thereon have focused almost exclusively on energy and CO2, thereby neglecting the consumption of material resources required to transform urban transport systems so as to be compatible with a low carbon future. In this study, we hence investigate the effects of transforming urban transport systems on future material stock and material flows using the city of Vienna as a case study. For this purpose, a material flow analysis for the infrastructure and vehicles required until 2050 has been conducted taking different scenarios into consideration, which are mainly characterized by different modal splits. The results show that different paths of development among the various transport modes significantly affect the overall material stocks and flows. If the modal split remains constant, the road-infrastructure has to be further expended to provide the transport service needed due to the expected increase in population in Vienna. The material stock per capita for the transport system remains constant at around 54 t/capita for this scenario. If the motorized individual transport can be reduced to a share of less than 10% of all trips (today's share amounts to 25%), the material stock per capita decreases to around 47 t/capita in 2050. As this case allows for infrastructure (e.g. parking infrastructure, road lanes) to be dismantled, the annual material demand for maintenance efforts is also reduced by a fifth (to 460 kg/cap/yr). Despite the reduction in material stocks and flows achievable by changing the current modal split, a significant change in the waste composition in terms of the end-of-life vehicles generated is to be expected in the coming decades. Annual quantities of old batteries, for instance, might rise from today's 1.5 kg/capita up to 70 kg/capita. These changes will definitely challenge the waste management sector, but also represent an opportunity for the recovery of valuable resources. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the transformation of an urban transport system towards lower greenhouse gas emissions also has the potential to reduce future material demand and waste generation. However, this requires a change in the modal split, whereas solely moving to a fossil-free vehicle fleet has the contrary effect.