Material Bi Research Articles

Electrochemical properties of stabilized δ-Bi 2O 3. Oxygen pump properties of Bi 2O 3-Er 2O 3 solid solutions

The oxygen pumping characteristics of the solid electrolyte material (Bi 0.75Er 0.25) 2O 3 with gold and platinum electrocodes have been studied by three-electrode I–V measurements. These experiments show only little influence of the electrode material used on the electrode behavior. Exchange current density values are high and are confirmed by 18O 2 exchange data on the bare electrolyte. This leads to the conclusion that (Bi 0.75Er 0.25) 2O 3 has good properties for oxygen pumping applications and is an electrochemically active material in oxygen transfer processes.

Silver Halide Single Crystal Films as a Model System for Latent Image Research

Recent discussions on the latent image formation point out the need to know the fine structure of the stiver halide surfaces. We have produced epitaxial films of AgBr with well-defined surface structures by vapour deposition on NaCl cleavage faces.The complete structure of surface steps has been revealed by means of the Au decoration technique. Using these films as substrates, experiments on the vapour deposition of various materials (Se, Te, Bi, Zn and Ag) have been carried out in order to find out materials and conditions for a dry development of model latent image centres. Experiments on the dry development of these centres which are produced by the vapour deposition of Au on unsensitized as well as sensitized AgBr films are described.

Structural characterization of Bi 2− xSb xS 3 films prepared by the dip-dry method

A solid solution of Bi 2S 3Sb 2S 3 was prepared in the form of polycrystalline films on glass substrates by the dip-dry process using BiCl 3, SbCl 3 concentrated hydrochloric acid and thiourea. Structural characterization of the material Bi 2− x Sb x S 3 was carried out by the X-ray powder diffraction method and polarography. While the lattice constants a 0 and b 0 were found to increase with increasing mole fraction x of antimony in the solid solution, c 0 decreased almost monotonically with increasing x. Vegard's law is obeyed in the whole domain from x = 0 to x = 2.

Stopping powers of C, N and O ions in Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn in the 1 MeV region

Abstract The stopping powers of C, N, and O ions in Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn in the energy range 500 keV to 2 MeV have been measured relative to that for He ions in the same material. The measurements were made utilizing energy spectra of particles backscattered from thick substrates of the target material into which a heavy material (Bi) had been previously implanted to a shallow depth. Assuming that dE/dx for He is known, the dose of implanted Bi can be determined from a He backscattering spectrum. Then this dose is used to calculate the unknown stopping power from a backscattering spectrum of the ion to be studied. The data are analysed in terms of a function dE/dx=aE p +b The experimental results give values of p ranging from 0.3 to 0.5. Our absolute dE/dx values (normalized to known dE/dx values for He ions) are somewhat higher than those tabulated by Northcliffe and Schilling(3) and considerably higher than predicted by the LSS(6) theory.