Matching System Research Articles

Real-Time Taxi–Passenger Matching Using a Differential Evolutionary Fuzzy Controller

Real-time taxi-passenger matching plays a critical role in modern taxi dispatch systems. Currently, the greedy strategy is widely adopted, which limits the quality of the service (QoS) and the profit of the entire system. There are two crucial tasks in this system: 1) the pairwise prioritization and 2) the matching of taxi-passenger pairs. In this paper, we develop a two-stage taxi-passenger matching system to deal with these two tasks. In the first stage, we design a fuzzy controller to assign a priority score to each taxi-passenger pair in real time. To ensure its performance on providing good QoS and profit, the fuzzy controller is optimized by an offline differential evolution algorithm. New individual representation is designed to optimize the membership functions and fuzzy rule base simultaneously. To accelerate the optimization process, the algorithm is implemented in a parallel way. Then, in the second stage, considering the priority scores as weights in the bipartite graph of taxi and passenger sets, we further apply a polynomial Kuhn-Munkres algorithm to find the maximum weight perfect matching in the bipartite graph. Simulated results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, which is able to enhance the QoS provided by the taxi system and improve the profit gained by the taxi service company.

Intelligent recruitment: How to identify, select, and retain talents from around the world using artificial intelligence

This research analyzes how digital technologies contribute to improving the successive stages of the recruitment process: identifying, selecting, and retaining talented people. E-recruitment is an emerging and polymorphous phenomenon that starts with identification of candidates on social networks, continues through gamification of recruitment and job interviews with chatbots, and ends by matching a candidate and a job using artificial intelligence. These technologies are particularly useful for social businesses looking to recruit not only skilled people, but above all employees who have behaviors and values that match their mission. The methodology is based on grounded theory, participant observation, and qualitative data collection. A multiple case study is designed to analyze, compare, and combine several technologies dedicated to recruitment: (1) a social network with LinkedIn, (2) a MOOC with Udacity, (3) a serious game called Reveal from L'Oréal, (4) a chatbot called Ari from TextRecruit, and (5) a massive data analysis matching system with Randstad.tech. The discussion examines the respective performance and limits of these tools and their convergence via a progressive integration that leads to an uberization of recruitment. Managerial recommendations are formulated to support recruiters in their adoption of e-recruitment.

Enhancing data-driven elderly appointment services in domestic care communities under COVID-19

PurposeUnder the impact of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), this paper contributes in the deployment of the Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT)-based system, namely AIoT-based Domestic Care Service Matching System (AIDCS), to the existing electronic health (eHealth) system so as to enhance the delivery of elderly-oriented domestic care services.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed AIDCS integrates IoT and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies to (1) capture real-time health data of the elderly at home and (2) provide the knowledge support for decision making in the domestic care appointment service in the community.FindingsA case study was conducted in a local domestic care centre which provided elderly oriented healthcare services to the elderly. By integrating IoT and AI into the service matching process of the mobile apps platform provided by the local domestic care centre, the results proved that customer satisfaction and the quality of the service delivery were improved by observing the key performance indicators of the transactions after the implementation of the AIDCS.Originality/valueFollowing the outbreak of COVID-19, this is a new attempt to overcome the limited research done on the integration of IoT and AI techniques in the domestic care service. This study not only inherits the ability of the existing eHealth system to automatically capture and monitor the health status of the elderly in real-time but also improves the overall quality of domestic care services in term of responsiveness, effectiveness and efficiency.

Leveraging Human Perception in Robot Grasping and Manipulation Through Crowdsourcing and Gamification.

Robot grasping in unstructured and dynamic environments is heavily dependent on the object attributes. Although Deep Learning approaches have delivered exceptional performance in robot perception, human perception and reasoning are still superior in processing novel object classes. Furthermore, training such models requires large, difficult to obtain datasets. This work combines crowdsourcing and gamification to leverage human intelligence, enhancing the object recognition and attribute estimation processes of robot grasping. The framework employs an attribute matching system that encodes visual information into an online puzzle game, utilizing the collective intelligence of players to expand the attribute database and react to real-time perception conflicts. The framework is deployed and evaluated in two proof-of-concept applications: enhancing the control of a robotic exoskeleton glove and improving object identification for autonomous robot grasping. In addition, a model for estimating the framework response time is proposed. The obtained results demonstrate that the framework is capable of rapid adaptation to novel object classes, based purely on visual information and human experience.

Mathematical Modeling on the Control of Hunting Problems

Modeling a natural phenomenon or the action mechanism of a tool is often done in science and technology. Observations through computer simulations cost less relatively. In the research, a bullet control model moving towards the target was explored. The research aimed to try to simulate the trajectory of the bullet that could be controlled in hunting. To model a controlled bullet, the Dubins model was used. Then, the used approach was control theory. The optimal trajectory and control for bullets were designed using the Pontryagin Maximum Principle. The results show that with this principle and the dynamic system of the bullet, a system of differential equations and adjoining is obtained. The fundamental problem arises because the bullet dynamics model in the form of a differential equation system has initial and final requirements. However, the adjoint matching system has no conditions at all. This problem is solved by using numerical methods. In addition, the research proves the convergence of the calculation results with the required results. The track simulation results are also reported at the end of the research to ensure a successful control design. From the simulation results, the presented method with its convergence has successfully solved the problem of bullet control.

Intra- and inter\u2010observer reliability of implant positioning evaluation on a CT-based three\u2010dimensional postoperative matching system for total knee arthroplasty

BackgroundThe evaluation of postoperative total knee arthroplasty (TKA) alignment mainly relies on measurement data obtained from plain radiographs. The aim of this retrospective observational study was to document the intra- and inter-observer reliability in assessment of TKA component positioning after surgery using a three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) image matching system.MethodsFourteen knees from 14 patients who received primary TKA were included, and images were analyzed by blinded readers not associated with the surgeries. The examiner digitized the reference points according to defined landmarks, and the designated size component was superimposed to the 3D reconstructed CT model for measurement. In addition to the evaluation of implant position against the coronal and sagittal lower limb mechanical axes that were defined based on bony landmarks, implant position against axes connecting implant-based reference points that are easier to indicate was evaluated.ResultsThe overall intra- and inter-observer reliabilities determined by the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of the implant alignment measurement for both femoral and tibial components were good (ICC > 0.60), except in the direction of femoral flexion and extension, for both mechanical and implant-based axes. The difference between implant alignment measurements according to the traditional mechanical axis and the implant-based axis ranged between means of 0.08o and 1.70o and were statistically significantly different.ConclusionsThe postoperative evaluation of implant position in the coronal and sagittal planes using 3D-CT image matching is reliable and has good reproducibility except for the sagittal alignment assessment of the femoral component. The measured implant position according to the traditional mechanical axis and the implant-based axis were slightly but significantly different.

Design improvements, assembly and testing of the ICRH antenna for W7-X

The newly developed ICRH antenna system for the stellarator W7-X will be available for Operational Phase 2.1. The design and application of various components in the ICRH system was validated using a prototype of the antenna box with straps. Electromagnetic characteristics were measured and optimized while reconsidering thermal and mechanical aspects. As a result, several components were improved and introduced to the final antenna design. The layout of a new matching system allows operation of the antenna at 25 MHz and 37.5 MHz without the use of additional line stretchers. The refurbished two radio frequency (RF) generators formerly used at TEXTOR comply with new EU safety standards.

The Effect of Single Accreditation on Medical Student Match Rates in Surgical Specialties.

IntroductionThe year 2020 marked the first year in which a match under single accreditation took place. Both osteopathic (DO) and allopathic (MD) students would participate in the first match cycle without a dedicated DO match system. Our primary objective was to investigate how single accreditation has impacted the DO applicants attempting to match into surgical specialties. Our secondary objective was to investigate the impact of single accreditation at the program director (PD) level and whether or not this process would see a change in DO PD distribution in previously American Osteopathic Association (AOA)-approved programs.MethodInformation on number of applicants and post-match positions was gathered from AOA and National Residency Match Program (NRMP) websites. Credentials of PDs were obtained from the Accreditation Council on Graduate Medical Education website. Based on the available data, the following surgical specialties were compared for the years 2020, 2018, and 2016: General Surgery, Neurological Surgery (NSGY), Orthopedic Surgery, Otolaryngology/ENT (ENT), Plastic Surgery, and Thoracic Surgery. Data from 2016 were not included in the results as the AOA match results analysis was insufficient and unable to be directly compared to the NRMP data. Results of matched DO and MD applicants were compared using bivariate analysis. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant.ResultsFrom the year 2018 to 2020, the DO applicants saw a decrease of 3% in the total number of matched postgraduate year 1 spots in surgical specialties. NRMP results from 2020 saw that 51.7% of DO applicants matched and 67.7% (p < 0.001) of MD applicants matched for the specialties examined. Percent of matched:applied for DO applicants was lower than MD applicants in the fields of NSGY (p < 0.001), ENT (p < 0.001), Plastic Surgery (p < 0.001), General Surgery (p < 0.001), and Thoracic Surgery (p = 0.011). After evaluating 60 former AOA General Surgery programs, 56% were found to have MD as PD. Another 26 former AOA surgical programs were investigated, and 58% were found to have MD PD. ConclusionSingle accreditation has impacted the match process now that a large number of both MD and DO applicants are using the NRMP match system for postgraduate placement. Based on the available data, our results indicate that in the examined surgical specialties, there is a statistically significant difference in the number of MD and DO residents.

Composite Keyword Based Search Over Data on Remote Information

Majority of data owners have moved their services to the cloud servers. Members of any organization can access data from the cloud by using keyword-based search. Being based on Boolean keyword matching system or semantic search they are unable to provide accurate search results as well as unable to understand misspelled keywords. With the existing searching mechanisms like keyword search in place, the search results are often slow and they result in missing of information and produce in accurate results. In this paper, a K-Gram based approach is proposed to improve the search efficiency. Using this approach, the words are divided in to groups and then they are identified by the corresponding Indexes. This proposed approach can improvise secure and efficient retrieval of information.

Modeling and evaluation of a ridesharing matching system from multi‐stakeholders’ perspective

Matching riders and drivers in ridesharing considering conflicting objectives of diverse stakeholders is challenging. The objective of this research is to formulate and evaluate the performance of four ridesharing matching-objectives (i.e. system-wide minimisation of passengers’ wait time, minimisation of VMT, minimisation of detour distance, maximisation of drivers’ profit) considering interests of diverse mobility stakeholders (i.e. drivers, riders, matching agencies, government transportation agencies). A grid roadway network was used to compare the performance of the four matching-objectives in serving a ridesharing demand scenario. Performance comparison of matching-objectives revealed that a system-wide VMT minimisation matching-objective performed best with least sacrifices on the other three matching-objectives from their respective best performance level. Also, system-wide VMT minimisation was the best matching-objective, when drivers’ and government transportation agencies’ expectations were prioritised. System-wide drivers’ profit maximisation matching-objective provided the highest monetary incentives for drivers and riders in terms of maximising profit and travel cost savings, respectively. System-wide minimisation of detour distance was found to be least flexible in providing shared rides. The findings of this research provide useful insights on ridesharing matching system modelling and performance evaluation based on different matching-objectives and can be used in developing and implementing ridesharing service considering multiple stakeholders’ concerns.

Metatheory.jl: Fast and Elegant Algebraic Computation in Julia with Extensible Equality Saturation

We introduce Metatheory.jl: a lightweight and performant general purpose symbolics and metaprogramming framework meant to simplify the act of writing complex Julia metaprograms and to significantly enhance Julia with a native term rewriting system, based on state-of-the-art equality saturation techniques, and a dynamic first class Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) pattern matching system that is dynamically composable in an algebraic fashion, taking full advantage of the language's powerful reflection capabilities. Our contribution allows to perform general purpose symbolic mathematics, manipulation, optimization, synthesis or analysis of syntactically valid Julia expressions with a clean and concise programming interface, both during compilation or execution of programs.

In-vitro efficacy of two spectrophotometer-based shade matching systems for color matching of ceramics after artificial accelerated aging

Objective: The objective of the present invitro study was to verify the efficacy of two spectrophotometer-based shade matching systems for color matching of ceramics after artificial accelerated aging (AAA). Material and Methods: : The ceramics used were porcelain laminated veneers. Seventy standard-shaped discs (thickness x diameter: 0.5 mm x 10 mm) of B1 shades were used. Based upon the type of resin cement used, the specimens were divided into seven groups (10/group). The following light-cured cements were used: RelyX-Veneer (L-RV), Variolink-Veneer (L-VV), and VariolinkEsthetic (L-VE). The dual-cured cements were: RelyX Ultimate (D-RU), RelyX-Unicem (D-RC), and Variolink-Esthetics DC (D-VE). The control group consisted of ceramic only. All specimens were thermocycled in water for 3,500 cycles between 5 o C -55 o C, with dwell times of 30 s in each bath and a transfer time of 10 s between baths. All specimens were thermocycled in water for 3,500 cycles between 5 o C and 55 o C, and color measurement was done using the VITA Easyshade and ColorEye spectrophotometers. Baseline color reading was performed 24-hours after cementation. Differences in color (DE) of EasyShade and ColorEye before and after AAA were determined and compared statistically. Group comparisons were done using the paired t-tests. Level of significance was set at P&lt; 0.05. Results: The mean differences in color (DE) values obtained from EasyShade spectrophotometer for light- and dual-cured cements, were 0.843±0.89 (Lc1), 4.11±0.69 (Lc2) and 0.833±0.47 (Lc3); and 2.22±0.64 (Dc1), 3.37±0.83 (Dc2) and 0.38±0.92 (Dc3), respectively. The mean differences in color (DE) values obtained from ColorEye spectrophotometer for light- and dual-cured cements, were 0.68±0.86 (Lc1), 4.55±0.83 (Lc2) and 2.68±0.26 (Lc3); and 2.06±0.84 (Dc1), 1.8±1.08 (Dc2) and 0.96±0.71 (Dc3), respectively. There was no significant difference in the mean DE values among the groups. Conclusion: The VITA Easyshade and ColorEye shade matching systems are comparable in terms of their efficacy for color matching of cerammics after AAA. Keywords Artificial accelerated aging; Color matching; In vitro; Porcelain veneer; Spectrophotometer.

The MedPhys match survey: Search criteria and advice for programs and applicants.

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to gauge the experiences of applicants and program directors (PDs) in the Medical Physics (MedPhys) Match (MPM) and to determine the most important characteristics and factors that influence decision‐making for applicants and programs when screening, interviewing, and ranking in the MPM. Opinions were also solicited from applicants and PDs on the status of medical physics residencies and the selection process, such as the availability of residency positions and satisfaction with the match process.MethodsA survey was sent to all applicants registered for the 2015–2018 MPM and to all PDs registered for the 2015–2017 MPM. Survey questions asked about the pre‐interview screening, interview, and ranking stages of the residency match process. Survey data were analyzed using graphical methods and spreadsheet tools.ResultsAn increasing percentage of applicants are female and/or hold a PhD as their highest degree. The over all number of interview invitations per applicant has increased, leading some applicants to decline interviews with the top reasons being cost of travel and scheduling conflicts. The top considerations for applicants in ranking programs were residency program/institution reputation, program structure/organization, and facilities/equipment available. The primary considerations identified by PDs for ranking applicants included impressions from the interview, personality fit, and clinical potential. While two‐thirds of applicants agreed or strongly agreed with the statement that a residency position was difficult to obtain, roughly one‐third of PDs agree that the current residency placement rate is a problem.ConclusionFour years of survey data on the experiences of applicants and PDs participating in the MPM is useful to future participants navigating the residency match system. It is hoped that the data will be helpful to inform improvements and to enhance understanding of the residency match system and how it shapes our profession.

Real-time FPGA-based implementation of the AKAZE algorithm with nonlinear scale space generation using image partitioning

The first step in a scale invariant image matching system is scale space generation. Nonlinear scale space generation algorithms such as AKAZE, reduce noise and distortion in different scales while retaining the borders and key-points of the image. An FPGA-based hardware architecture for AKAZE nonlinear scale space generation is proposed to speed up this algorithm for real-time applications. The three contributions of this work are (1) mapping the two passes of the AKAZE algorithm onto a hardware architecture that realizes parallel processing of multiple sections, (2) multi-scale line buffers which can be used for different scales, and (3) a time-sharing mechanism in the memory management unit to process multiple sections of the image in parallel. We propose a time-sharing mechanism for memory management to prevent artifacts as a result of separating the process of image partitioning. We also use approximations in the algorithm to make hardware implementation more efficient while maintaining the repeatability of the detection. A frame rate of 304 frames per second for a 1280 times 768 image resolution is achieved which is favorably faster in comparison with other work.

The Evolving Status of Fellowships and Mini-Fellowships in Diagnostic Radiology: A Survey of Program Directors and Chief Residents

Recent changes in radiology fellowships include musculoskeletal radiology adopting a match system, interventional radiology transitioning away from diagnostic radiology to offer direct-entry programs, and a common fellowship application timeline created by the Society for Chairs of Academic Radiology Departments (SCARD). The concept of mini-fellowships has also emerged with the elimination of the oral American Board of Radiology examinations that had been administered in the final year of residency training prior to 2014. This paper seeks to assess the opinions of fellowship program directors, residency program directors, and chief residents regarding these recent changes. This is a cross-sectional study using a web-based survey posed to fellowship program directors, residency program directors, and chief residents in 2020. Questions sought to explore current attitudes toward the following topics: (1) a common fellowship application timeline; (2) a common fellowship match; and (3) the status of mini-fellowships in diagnostic radiology. In addition, the number of fellowship positions for each subspecialty was estimated using subspecialty society directories, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) data, and individual program websites. Deidentified responses were collected electronically and aggregated. The three respondent groups preferred a common fellowship application timeline at rates of 67% among fellowship program directors, 80% residency program directors, and 74% residents. A common match system across all subspecialties was preferred at rates of 50% fellowship program directors, 74% residency program directors, and 26% chief residents. There was widespread reported compliance with the SCARD fellowship timeline policy. Subspecialty programs using the match system reported interviewing greater numbers of applicants per position. Fellowship directors and chief residents reported that the most common duration of mini-fellowship experiences was 2 to 3 months. There is a division between chief residents and program directors regarding the preference for a common radiology match. Adopting a radiology-wide fellowship match would increase the number of interviews required. The SCARD fellowship timeline policy has been successful, and there is support across stakeholders regarding the common timeline. Mini-fellowships are highly variable in length and structure.

Simultaneous Power Feedback and Maximum Efficiency Point Tracking for Miniaturized RF Wireless Power Transfer Systems.

Near-field interfaces with miniaturized coil systems and low output power levels, such as applied in biomedical sensor systems, can suffer from severe efficiency degradation due to dynamic impedance mismatches, reducing battery life of the power transmitter unit and requiring to increase the level of electromagnetic emission. Moreover, the stability of weakly-coupled power transfer systems is generally limited by transient changes in coil alignment and load power consumption. Hence, a central research question in the domain of wireless power transfer is how to realize an adaptive impedance matching system under the constraints of a simultaneous power feedback to increase the system’s efficiency and stability, while maintaining circuit characteristics such as small size, low power consumption and fast reaction times. This paper presents a novel approach based on a two-stage control loop implemented in the primary-side reader unit, which uses a digital PI controller to maintain the rectifier output voltage for power feedback and an on-top perturb-and-observe controller configuring the setpoint of the voltage controller to maximize efficiency. The paper mathematically analyzes the AC and DC transfer characteristics of a resonant inductive link to design the reactive AC matching network, the digital voltage controller and ultimately the DC-domain impedance matching algorithm. It was found that static reactive L networks result in suitable efficiency levels for coils with sufficiently high quality factor even without adaptive tuning of operational frequency or reactive components. Furthermore, the regulated output voltage of the rectifier is a direct measure of the DC load impedance when using a regular DC/DC converter to supply the load circuits, so that this quantity can be tuned to maximize efficiency. A prototype implementation demonstrates the algorithms in a 40.68 MHz inductive link with load power levels from 10 to 100 mW and tuning time constants of 300 ms, while allowing for a simplified receiver with a footprint smaller than 200 mm2 and a self-consumption below 1 mW. Hence, the presented concepts enable adaptive impedance matching with favorable characteristics for low-energy sensor systems, i.e., minimized footprint, power level and reaction time.

Saudi Specialist Certificate Program for Radiology Technology &amp; Medical Imaging: A Commentary

This post-bachelor program is 4 year-long program for Radiographers which is offered by the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties for Saudi Radiographers. This program has no similar programs in the UK or the US. It cost around 12,000 S.R. per year. The program’s aim is to give an advanced level of training for Radiographers to become specialized in one field. The program has three tracks; ultrasound, axial imaging (CT &amp; MRI), and nuclear medicine. This program is similar to the residency programs for physicians. The trainee will finish R1 to R4 like any other physician’s program. The program has an admission test and the top 10 scores are selected in a matching process that includes the GPA, research, volunteering, etc. The matching system is like the matching system for physicians’ programs. Every year the trainee must pass a specific test to move to the next phase of this program. After graduation, the Radiographer will be subspecialized in one field and the salary will increase. The negative thing about this program that it can’t undergo any credential evaluation process in any country globally. The program is called a fellowship program, but its design like a residency program. The scientific committee claims that there are similar programs in the US like the American Board of science in nuclear medicine and in the UK like the institute of physics and bioengineering in medicine. A bachelor’s degree, master’s degree, or Ph.D. can be processed, but a fellowship program that is 4 years for radiologic technologists is very confusing. The program accepts 12 yearly which is a low number in different centers in the kingdom. The program’s supervisors in some centers do follow the educational formatting and some of the mentors do not follow the requirements since the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties does not pay the supervisors and mentors nothing which makes the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties have no way in control them. In some cases, it can result in the trainee not passing the annual exam or shut down the training center. The training centers are not given support from the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties to help them to improve their teaching methods and practice. This program does not focus on research and publishing papers, but in the program, there are some modules about research. furthermore, after finishing the program the radiologic specialist will become a radiologic subspecialist, not a consultant. No Dr. title is added before the graduate name and no degree title is added behind the name for example (B.Sc., M.Sc., P.hD., RRA, FRCR, etc). even though it’s a clinical doctorate degree but no doctor title is given. Many information is missing and many questions about this program need to be addressed. The program did not have specialties like angiography and interventional radiology. The name of this program is a very long name which should be shorter. The good thing about this program is allowing an equal number of male and female radiographers (top 6 males and top 6 females scores). This program required a clinical experience from 2 to 3 years before the candidate can be accepted which illogical because the trainee will have training for 4 years in this program which will teach the trainee all what they need to know in selected specialty. This program need to be revaluated and redesigned to be more inclusive to different fields and to give a new rule for radiographers. Any organization want to propose a new program must study the credential evaluation point very carefully. The future of the graduates from similar programs can be wasted.

Visual and instrumental color evaluation of computerized color matching system for color reproduction of maxillofacial prostheses

Statement of problemA commercially available computerized color matching system (e-Skin) has been introduced for maxillofacial prostheses. However, studies that have tested its ability to produce an acceptable color match for skin color are lacking. PurposeThe purpose of this clinical study was to determine the color match acceptability of light and dark skin silicone replicas fabricated with the use of the computerized color matching system. Material and methodsFifteen participants with light skin and 15 participants with dark skin were recruited through personal invitation. These 30 participants (aged around 20 years) voluntarily consented to forearm skin color measurements with a spectrophotometer and a spectrocolorimeter integrated in a computerized color matching system. Silicone skin replicas for each participant were produced from the color formulations provided by the online calculator tool of the system according to the manufacturers’ recommendations. The color difference between initial skin color measurements with the spectrophotometer and skin replica color measurements with the spectrophotometer for all participants was calculated by using both the CIELab (ΔE∗ab) and CIEDE2000 (ΔE00) color difference formulas. To compare the instrumental and visual evaluation of color match, 3 observers (a maxillofacial prosthodontist, a prosthodontist, and a postgraduate student) visually evaluated and rated the color match of each silicone replica on a 5-point scale. Statistical analyses were performed by using the Student t, Mann Whitney U, and chi-square tests (α=.05). ResultsNo significant differences were detected between the light and dark skin groups in terms of the ΔE∗ab and ΔE00 values obtained between the first skin color measurements and their silicone replica color measurements (P=.573, P=.338, respectively). However, a significant difference was found between light and dark skin groups for the ΔL and Δa values obtained from the same measurements (P=.031, P=.017, respectively). L∗, a∗, and b∗ values of light skin were significantly higher than those of their silicone replications (P=.008, P=.033, P=.046, respectively). Color match ratings of observers did not significantly differ when comparing the ratings of light skin replicas to ratings of dark skin replicas. ConclusionsThe e-Skin system provided skin replicas that matched the skin color within clinically acceptable thresholds and with ratings of at least “good” by experienced dental clinicians.

MPP-MLO: Multilevel Parallel Partitioning for Efficiently Matching Large Ontologies

The growing usage of Semantic Web has resulted in an increasing number, size and heterogeneity of ontologies on the web. Therefore, the necessity of ontology matching techniques, which could solve these issues, is highly required. Due to high computational requirements, scalability is always a major concern in ontology matching system. In this work, a partition-based ontology matching system is proposed, which deals with parallel partitioning of the ontologies at multilevel. At first level, the root based ontology partitioning is proposed. Matchable Sub-ontologies pair is generated using an efficient linguistic matcher (IEI-Sub) to uncover anchors and then based on maximum similarity value, pairs are generated. However, a distributed and parallel approach of MapReduce-based SEI-sub process has been proposed to efficiently handle the anchor discovery process which is highly time-consuming. In second level partitioning, an efficient approach is proposed to form non overlapping clusters. Extensive experimental evaluation is done by comparing existing approaches with the proposed approach, and the results shows that MPP-MLO turns out to be an efficient and scalable ontology matching system.

Survey on vehicle map matching techniques

With the development of location-based services and Big data technology, vehicle map matching techniques are growing rapidly, which is the fundamental techniques in the study of exploring global positioning system (GPS) data. The pre-processed GPS data can provide the guarantee of high-quality data for the research of mining passenger's points of interest and urban computing services. The existing surveys mainly focus on map-matching algorithms, but there are few descriptions on the key phases of the acquisition of sampling data, floating car and road data preprocessing in vehicle map matching systems. To address these limitations, the contribution of this survey on map matching techniques lies in the following aspects: (i) the background knowledge, function and system framework of vehicle map matching techniques; (ii) description of floating car data and road network structure to understand the detailed phase of map matching; (iii) data preprocessing rules, specific methodologies, and significance of floating car and road data; (iv) map matching algorithms are classified by the sampling frequency and data information. The authors give the introduction of open-source GPS sampling data sets, and the evaluation measurements of map-matching approaches; (v) the suggestions on data preprocessing and map matching algorithms in the future work.