Category Matching Research Articles

Improving Context and Category Matching for Entity Search

Entity search is to retrieve a ranked list of named entities of target types to a given query. In this paper, we propose an approach of entity search by formalizing both context matching and category matching. In addition, we propose a result re-ranking strategy that can be easily adapted to achieve a hybrid of two context matching strategies. Experiments on the INEX 2009 entity ranking task show that the proposed approach achieves a significant improvement of the entity search performance (xinfAP from 0.27 to 0.39) over the existing solutions.

Outcome of low body weight (

IntroductionInfants with low body weight (LBW) following cardiac surgery are a major challenge for the post cardiac surgery care unit. It has been observed that post surgery outcome for LBW infants is worse compared to the outcome of normal body weight infants. A study was conducted to compare post operative course and outcome of infants with body weight of 2.2kg or less against infants with normal body weight who underwent similar cardiac surgeries. MethodsA retrospective review was performed for all infants below 2.2kg who underwent cardiac operations at King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center from January 2001 to October 2011. Cases with LBW (Group A) were compared with matching group (Group B) of normal body weight infants who had similar cardiac surgeries and matching surgical risk category. The demographic, ICU parameters, complications, and short-term outcome of both groups were analyzed. ResultsTwo groups were formed, with 37 patients in Group A, and 39 patients in Group B. Except for weight (2.13±0.08kg in Group A vs 3.17±0.2kg in Group B), there was no statistical difference in demographic data between both groups. Cardiac procedures included coarctation repair, arterial switch, ventricular septal defect (VSD) repair, tetralogy of Fallot repair, systemic to pulmonary shunt and Norwood procedures. Patients in Group A had statistically significant difference from Group B in terms of bypass time (p=0.01), duration of inotropes (p=0.01), duration of mechanical ventilation (p=0.004), number of re-intubations (p=0.015), PCICU length of stay (p=0.007), and hospital mortality: 13.5% in Group A vs 0% in Group B (p value 0.02). ConclusionPatients with LBW (<2.2kg) underwent cardiac surgery with overall satisfactory results, but with increased risk of ICU morbidity and mortality.

Time Course of Shape and Category Selectivity Revealed by EEG Rapid Adaptation

A hallmark of human cognition is the ability to rapidly assign meaning to sensory stimuli. It has been suggested that this fast visual object categorization ability is accomplished by a feedforward processing hierarchy consisting of shape-selective neurons in occipito-temporal cortex that feed into task circuits in frontal cortex computing conceptual category membership. We performed an EEG rapid adaptation study to test this hypothesis. Participants were trained to categorize novel stimuli generated with a morphing system that precisely controlled both stimulus shape and category membership. We subsequently performed EEG recordings while participants performed a category matching task on pairs of successively presented stimuli. We used space-time cluster analysis to identify channels and latencies exhibiting selective neural responses. Neural signals before 200 msec on posterior channels demonstrated a release from adaptation for shape changes, irrespective of category membership, compatible with a shape- but not explicitly category-selective neural representation. A subsequent cluster with anterior topography appeared after 200 msec and exhibited release from adaptation consistent with explicit categorization. These signals were subsequently modulated by perceptual uncertainty starting around 300 msec. The degree of category selectivity of the anterior signals was strongly predictive of behavioral performance. We also observed a posterior category-selective signal after 300 msec exhibiting significant functional connectivity with the initial anterior category-selective signal. In summary, our study supports the proposition that perceptual categorization is accomplished by the brain within a quarter second through a largely feedforward process culminating in frontal areas, followed by later category-selective signals in posterior regions.

Cultural conceptions of morality: Examining laypeople’s associations of moral character

Whether moral conceptions are universal or culture-specific is controversial in moral psychology. One option is to refrain from imposing theoretical constraints and to ask laypeople from different cultures how they conceptualize morality. Our article adopts this approach by examining laypeople’s associations of moral character in individualistic- and collectivistic-oriented cultures. Using correspondence analysis we found that the concept of moral character yielded widely shared associations with justice and welfare concerns. Yet, there were also clear cultural differences with individualistic-oriented samples associating more frequently rights-based features and collectivistic-oriented samples more frequently associating duty-based attributes. When matching freelisted trait categories with Schwartz’s value types, moral value hierarchies were similar across cultures and correlated significantly with explicit moral value ratings. We conclude that imposing constraints through an expert-designed category system can narrow the scope of inquiry to common moral aspects related to problem-solving, promotion of prosocial actions and control of antisocial behaviour.

Evaluation of 16SpathDB 2.0, an automated 16S rRNA gene sequence database, using 689 complete bacterial genomes

Interpretation of 16S rRNA sequences is a difficult problem faced by clinical microbiologists and technicians. In this study, we evaluated the updated 16SpathDB 2.0 database, using 689 16S rRNA sequences from 689 complete genomes of medically important bacteria. Among these 689 16S rRNA sequences, none was wrongly identified, with 35.8% reported as a single bacterial species having >98% identity with the query sequence (category 1), 63.9% reported as more than 1 bacterial species having >98% identity with the query sequence (category 2), 0.3% reported to the genus level (category 3), and none reported as no match (category 4). For the 16S rRNA sequences of non-duplicated bacterial species reported as category 1 or 2, the percentage of bacterial species reported as category 1 was significantly higher for anaerobic Gram-positive/Gram-negative bacteria than aerobic/facultative anaerobic Gram-positive/Gram-negative bacteria. 16SpathDB 2.0 is a user-friendly and accurate database for 16S rRNA sequence interpretation in clinical laboratories.

Safety-Management Leading Indicator Results in Unintended Consequences

This article, written by Editorial Manager Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper SPE 164961, ’Unintended Consequences of a Promising Safety-Management Leading Indicator,’ by Carl D. Veley, SPE, vMBA Consultants, prepared for the 2013 SPE European HSE Conference and Exhibition, London, 16-18 April. The paper has not been peer reviewed. A metric based on a corrective-action-classification system initially appeared to be a valuable leading indicator for management purposes. However, after trial applications, it became clear that, when this metric was used to define performance goals, it had unanticipated consequences that cumulatively and insidiously caused more damage than the accidents it was intended to prevent. Category matching is an upgrade of that original metric and eliminates harmful unintended consequences of corrective-action classifications used alone. Background Trailing indicators are by far the most common type of safety statistic. Governments, insurance companies, corporations, and essentially everyone who tracks accidents will record the number and type of injuries, plus the money spent on repairs, machinery replacements, wasted time, or other harmful consequences of accidents. Leading indicators are complicated by the fact that some dangerous acts (e.g., touching high-voltage switchgear) will always produce an accident with severe consequences while other dangerous acts (e.g., running a stop sign) might be repeated hundreds of times without causing an accident. In industrial work situations, no scientifically defensible equation exists where X dangerous acts produce Y accidents with Z fatalities. As shown in Fig. 1, accidents come in packages with four components. In reverse chronological order, they are (1) consequences, meaning harm (either injury or damage); (2) the accident itself, an unplanned event; (3) an act of people, not intended to produce the accident; and (4) the reason the accident was not anticipated. A broken leg is never an accident. It is an injury and the consequence of an accident. An accident is an unplanned event, and a fall is always an accident regardless of whether it causes injury. The vast majority of accidents cause little or no harm, but confusing an accident with its consequences is a major obstacle to preventing accidents because the target of corrective actions is not clear.

Audio-based age and gender identification to enhance the recommendation of TV content

Recommending TV content to groups of viewers is best carried out when relevant information such as the demographics of the group is available. However, it can be difficult and time consuming to extract information for every user in the group. This paper shows how an audio analysis of the age and gender of a group of users watching the TV can be used for recommending a sequence of N short TV content items for the group. First, a state of the art audio-based classifier determines the age and gender of each user in an M-user group and creates a group profile. A genetic recommender algorithm then selects for each user in the profile, a single personalized multimedia item for viewing. When the number of items to be presented is different to the number of viewers in the group, i.e. M = N, a novel adaptation algorithm is proposed that first converts the M-user group profile to an N-slot content profile, thus ensuring that items are proportionally allocated to users with respect to their demographic categorization. The proposed system is compared to an ideal system where the group demographics are provided explicitly. Results using real speaker utterances show that, in spite of the inaccuracies of state-of-the-art age-and-gender detection systems, the proposed system has a significant ability to predict an item with a matching age and gender category. User studies were conducted where subjects were asked to rate a sequence of advertisements, where half of the advertisements were randomly selected, and the other half were selected using the audio-derived demographics. The recommended advertisements received a significant higher median rating of 7.75, as opposed to 4.25 for the randomly selected advertisements.

Achieving Reach in a Multi-Media Environment

ABSTRACT Do the audiences reached by different media touchpoints match category user profiles? Does a second media touchpoint help reach a new audience? To provide answers, the current study analyzed 16 touchpoints across 23 data sets. Audiences reached by television, gift-packs, in-store displays, and outdoor advertisements closely matched category user profiles. Most other media skewed to heavy category users. Positive word of mouth and social media also skewed to heavy brand users. This knowledge can help advertisers select media to reach certain types of buyers. Analysis of media pairs also revealed that second touchpoints tended to add more duplicate than new audience. Therefore, media should be added only after exhausting the capacity of the first media to achieve cost-efficient reach.

Cognitive processes in associative and categorical priming: A diffusion model analysis.

Cognitive processes and mechanisms underlying different forms of priming were investigated using a diffusion model approach. In a series of 6 experiments, effects of prime-target associations and of a semantic and affective categorical match of prime and target were analyzed for different tasks. Significant associative and categorical priming effects were found in standard analyses of response times (RTs) and error frequencies. Results of diffusion model analyses revealed that priming effects of associated primes were mapped on the drift rate parameter (v), while priming effects of a categorical match on a task-relevant dimension were mapped on the extradecisional parameters (t₀ and d). These results support a spreading activation account of associative priming and an explanation of categorical priming in terms of response competition. Implications for the interpretation of priming effects and the use of priming paradigms in cognitive psychology and social cognition are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved).

Studi Kesesuaian Wisata dan Mutu Air Laut untuk Ekowisata Rekreasi Pantai di Pantai Maron Kota Semarang

Semarang as nautical city has tourism recreation of them is Maron beach. The recent problem is, Maron beach has great potential in nautical tourism, while management have not done optimally. The developing of tourism in Semarang need to be implemented by developing design which is more emphasizes of quality than quantity to be based on the potential and growing problem. The purposes of the study are to determine assess the suitability of Land and Water Quality for Marine Ecotourism in Coastal Recreation Maron Semarang. Research conducted in April 2012-January 2013. The objective method used in this research is a case study conducted explorative. Analyzing data is used index conformity Tourism and Water Quality Standard Marine for Marine Tourism in appropriate with the Policy of the Minister of Environment Number 51 of 2004 as soon as Index Environmental Water Quality. The results show that the calculation of index suitability travel beach recreation activities is 66%. This indicates that the coastal Maron Beach Semarang classified in the category Match (S2). While the value of Index Environmental Water Quality as much as 31.1 for category as bad category.

HLA-C and HLA-DQ and Renal Transplantation

Background: HLA-A, -B and DR compatibility has long been considered pivotal to successful outcomes in kidney transplantation. There is however a difference of 21% in 10-year survival between best and worst match categories, which would suggest other immunological differences such as HLA-C compatibility may contribute. This study assesses the effects of HLA-C and HLA-DQ on clinical outcomes in renal transplantation. Methods: Demographic, clinical and biochemical data for kidney transplant carried out from January 2007 to April 2010 in a regional renal transplant unit, were collected prospectively in an electronic database. HLA-C and HLA-DQ matched were compared with their mismatch counterparts for outcomes of cytomegalovirus infection, delayed graft function, acute rejection, 1-year graft function/survival, and overall patient survival. Comparison analysis was performed using statistical programme SPSS. Linear regression analysis was also carried-out to include other potential confounding factors. Results: 287 renal transplantations occurred during the study period, with 202 deceased-donor kidneys and 85 living-donor kidneys. Deceased donors were aged 3 - 78 (mean 47), while live donors were aged 21 - 77 (mean 46).Table: [Outcome in deceased and live kidney recipients]There were however, insignificant differences in all outcomes between HLA-C/DQ matched and mismatched groups. All factors in combination do affect the outcome of 1-year creatinine and eGFR on linear regression analysis, however only donor age, cold ischaemic and anastomotic times have statistically significant individual impact. Also, when KIR-1 and KIR-2 ligands were looked at separately, KIR-2 compatibility was found to affect the outcome of 1-year creatinine/eGFR (Mann-Whitney U test) with p0.096/0.072 and p0.033/0.003 for deceased and living groups respectively. Conclusion: Many studies have shown a relationship between HLA- C and short-term graft function. Our results however failed to demonstrate this, although KIR-2 seems to have an effect on 1-year graft function especially in living grafts. This could be due to our relatively small sample size. When compared to the sample size of multicentre trials. Continued study to increase our patient sample size and to assess their 5-year graft survival outcome will be carried out.

122-P

Aim Current practice for identifying a suitable 4/6 matched CBU is antigen level matching at HLA-A and B and allele level matching at HLA-DRB1, while matching at HLA-C is not typically considered. Recent studies have suggested that matching at HLA-C may improve transplant related mortality (Eapen et al., 2011). Determining the availability of a suitably matched (x/8) CBU is important for potentially improving transplant related outcomes for patients. Methods We examined a cohort of single CBU transplants from December to February 2012 to determine if a better matched (antigen level at HLA-A, B, C and allele level at HLA-DRB1, x/8) unit was available in the Be The Match Registry®. The better matched unit had to retain the traditional 4/6 or better match category (MC) and a minimum cell dose of 2.5 × 107 TNC/kg or no lower than the selected unit TNC. CBU without HLA-C typing were considered matched if algorithm predictions were ⩾50%. Results 119 single CBU transplant cases were assessed. 79 (66%) of these cases selected the best matched unit. 40 (34%) had a better matched x/8 unit available, where 36 (90%) improved one MC (x/8) and four cases (10%) improved two MCs. The cell dose of the better matched unit was lower in 57.5% of cases, with the median change in cell dose of −9.3%. Conclusions The benefit of HLA-C matching for CBU transplant has not been fully elucidated. This analysis highlights that although current practice may not always consider HLA-C matching, often a similar or better matched unit is available including HLA-C. This study cannot account for the myriad of factors considered in CBU selection such as cell dose, mismatching at a particular locus (e.g. HLA-DRB1), previous confirmatory typing, patient antibodies, CBU protocols or physician preference. These data indicate that when solely considering HLA matching in CBU selection, units that also matched at the C locus while maintaining similar unit cell dose were available.

Fast Local Self-Similarity for describing interest regions

Two novel methods for extracting distinctive invariant features from interest regions are presented in this paper. The idea of these methods are associated with that measuring similarity between visual entities from images can be based on matching the internal layout of Local Self-Similarities. The main contributions are two-folds: firstly, two new texture features called Local Self-Similarities (LSS,C) and Fast Local Self-Similarities (FLSS,C) based on Cartesian location grid, are extracted, which are the modified versions of the well-known Local Self-Similarities (LSS,LP) feature based on Log-Polar location grid. To combine the powers of the SIFT and LSS (LP), LSS and FLSS are used as the local features in the SIFT algorithm. Secondly, different from the natural LSS (LP) descriptor that chooses the maximal correlation value in each bucket to get photometric translations invariance, the proposed LSS (C) and FLSS (C) adopt distribution-based representation to achieve more robust geometric translations invariance. In the contexts of image matching and object category classification experiments, the LSS (C) and FLSS (C) both outperform the original LSS (LP), and achieve favorably comparable performance to the SIFT. Furthermore, these descriptors are low computational complexity and simpler than the SIFT.

Impact of implementing an EMR on physical exam documentation by ambulance personnel

Georgetown University has a student run Emergency Medical Services (EMS) organization with over 100 emergency medical technicians (EMTs). We set out to determine whether implementing an electronic patient care report (ePCR) system was associated with improved physical exam documentation. This study evaluated documentation of the physical exam on prehospital patient care reports (PCRs). An ePCR system was implemented. ePCR documentation was compared to that of the previously used paper PCRs. This study looked retrospectively at 154 PCRs. 77 were hand written PCRs from before the electronic system. The PCRs involved chief complaints that were primarily respiratory, neurologic, or both. 77 ePCRs of matching chief complaint categories were used for comparison. Each chart was reviewed for completion of certain physical exam findings. The mean percentage of documented components from the ePCRs was compared to that of the hand written PCRs. The null hypothesis was that the absolute increase in the mean was not more than 20 percent. The two exclusion criteria were PCRs completed by study investigators after the design of the project and partially or completely missing PCRs. The absolute increase in mean physical exam component documentation was 36% (95% CI = 29-43%). A weighted kappa of 0.894 showed very good agreement between chart reviewers. This study rejected the null hypothesis that the ePCR system was associated with a mean increase of no more than 20%. It observed increase in physical exam documentation. Limitations of this study included the inability to determine whether documentation of physical exam findings reflected performance of the physical exam, and what components of the ePCR system bundle were responsible for the increase in physical exam component documentation.

Mayak Workers Study Cohort

The cause-of-death register at the Southern Urals Biophysics Institute (SUBI), Ozyorsk, Russia, was established to document the number and causes of deaths in the Mayak workers cohort, which includes all persons (N = 22,377) employed at Mayak nuclear facility between 1948 and 1982. Most workers were occupationally exposed to high doses of ionizing radiation and have been shown to have increased risks of various chronic diseases including cancer. To investigate the quality of cause of death coding in the SUBI register. A random sample of 246 deaths (~1% of the total) was coded independently at the SUBI and the Danish Cancer Society using the International Classification of Diseases 9 (ICD-9). Proportions of matching codes were calculated. Overall, 233 deaths (95%) were identically classified using the ICD-9 main category matching. Excluding mismatches that were considered to be incorrectly coded during validation, the validity of the register increased to 98%. Using the specific ICD-9 first three-digit matching, 182 deaths were identically coded (74%) and the respective validity of the register was 85%. There were also some non-resolvable discrepancies demonstrating limitations of assigning one code for each death or using language-adapted ICD-9 version. This validation study was an important quality check of a register used for mortality follow-up in a highly influential epidemiological study on radiation-related health effects. The results of the inter-institutional comparison were generally favourable; however, since the comparison revealed individual mismatches and some systematically differing coding practices, it is essential to repeat it on a regular basis in order to maintain a high quality.

Content analysis of School Psychology International, 1990–2011: An analysis of trends and compatibility with the NASP Practice Model

Formal analysis of research publications serves as one indicator of the current status of a profession or a journal. Content analyses provide both practitioners and academicians with information on the status of research in the profession. These types of analyses can also provide information on the concordance between published research and what professional organizations consider key areas of practice. The current study examined articles published in one journal, School Psychology International, for a 22-year period from 1990 through 2011 ( n = 671 articles). All articles were coded for demographics of the author, including country of origin and level of international content, and the content matching categories found in the NASP Model for Comprehensive and Integrated School Psychological Services. Results indicated that the journal is very much international with authors coming from 57 countries. With regard to gender, a trend was noticed for increased participation by women. Finally, the analysis of content found a pattern that was not highly consistent with the categories identified by NASP. Factors contributing to the lack of consistency between research and areas of practice are discussed.

An ERAS-Based Survey Evaluating Demographics, United States Medical Licensing Examination Performance, and Research Experience Between American Medical Graduates and United States Citizen International Medical Graduates: Is the Bar Higher on the Continent?

To provide an assessment and comparison of the demographics, medical school academic performance, United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) performance, and research experience between American Medical Graduate (AMG) and United States International Medical Graduate (USIMG) candidates who applied for and successfully matched into categorical general surgery residency programs. Data were obtained through the Electronic Residency Application Service (ERAS) and a post-match survey distributed to all applicants. The study was conducted at a community-based, university-affiliated hospital. All United States citizen graduates of allopathic American medical schools or international medical schools, who were applying for a general surgery residency position at our institution. A total of 854 candidates applied, including 143 AMGs and 223 USIMGs. Seventy-two AMGs (50.3%) and 41 USIMGs (18.4%) were invited to interview (p < 0.0001). Mean USMLE step 1 scores were higher among USIMG applicants overall (USIMG: 212.1 ± 14.9 vs AMG: 206.9 ± 15.5; p < 0.0005) and among those invited to interview (USIMG: 227.8 ± 16.2 vs AMG: 215.5 ± 16.2; p < 0.0001). Seventy percent of AMGs matched into a categorical surgery residency compared with 31.6% of USIMGs (p < 0.001). Compared with AMGs, USIMGs applied to more programs (USIMG: 90.3 ± 42.8 vs AMG: 52.1 ± 26.4; p < 0.002), were offered fewer interviews (USIMG: 9.0 ± 6.9 vs AMG: 20.9 ± 13.7; p < 0.0001), and subsequently ranked fewer programs (USIMG: 7.5 ± 4.5 vs AMG: 12.5 ± 6.1; p < 0.0008). USIMGs require higher USMLE scores than their AMG counterparts to be considered for categorical general surgery residency positions. However, excellence on the USMLE neither ensures an invitation to interview nor categorical match success. A well-rounded application in conjunction with a practical application strategy is critical for USIMGs to achieve success in attaining a general surgery residency position.

La respuesta cardiaca durante la competición de balonmano playa femenino

Objective The aim of this study is to determine the intensity of competitive effort by measuring heart rate during beach handball in female players. We used a sample of six players belonging at the same team. Material and methods During the course of 13 national level category matches, heart rate was recorded for all players by telemetry in periods of 5 seconds. Results The average heart rates recorded in the first half was 149.94 ± 11.96 bpm representing 80% reference HRmax (Heart Rate maximum) with a minimum of 113.20 ± 13.65 bpm and maximum 172.16 ± 9.97 bpm, while in the second half it was 156.08 ± 11.43 bpm representing 83% reference HRmax, with a minimum 125.16 ± 14.99 bpm and maximum of 175.94 ± 8.94 bpm. Following the classification of intensity of physical activity proposed by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) we registered that 41.57 ± 19.7% was defined as vigorous activity during the activity time in first half and 26.1 ± 26.5% as very vigorous; while in the second half the percentage of moderate activity was reduced as the percentage of very vigorous activity increased to 40.8 ± 25.5%. Conclusion The results suggest that the practice of beach handball is a vigorous and very vigorous activity in the 70% of the total activity time. Heart rates were maintained between 150 and 157 bpm, representing 80-83% reference HRmax.

Ethnicity, socio-economic status and health research: insights from and implications of Charles Tilly's theory of Durable Inequality

BackgroundEthnic inequalities in health status and healthcare remain substantial in Europe, and addressing them is becoming a priority. However, the best way to respond to such a challenge is, as...

A road-network matching approach guided by ‘structure’

With the increasing availability of diverse geospatial databases over more than two decades, the road-network matching has become an issue of growing interest. To a certain extent, a road network can be regarded as a unit characterized by various re-occurring structures, such as dual carriageways (parallel lines), roundabouts, narrow passages, navigation stubbles and slip roads around cloverleaf junctions. As the various road structures take on different geometric or topologic characteristics, it is hardly possible to efficiently match all of them using the same criteria or methods. To circumvent this problem, a new matching approach guided by ‘structure’ is proposed in this article, which is composed of three consecutive processes: category recognition, process modelling and process execution. The structure-guided matching approach is able to classify the road network into several structure categories and then assign to each matching category a specific matching strategy with proper parameters or criteria, which allows a context-related analysis and thus considerably improves the matching performance in terms of matching rate and accuracy.