Mass Rapid Transit Research Articles

Numerical Analysis of the Vertical Crown Displacements in Triple Adjacent Tunnels with Rock Bolts and Pipe Roofings

This study aimed to investigate the effects of installing pipe roofings and rock bolts before bench cuts during the excavation of a tunnel. The limited space available during excavation resulted in the formation of triple adjacent tunnels. To solve the issue of narrow spacing between the tunnels, middle posts were added for greater stiffness, and pipe roofings were installed to prevent collapse in tunnel sections with shallow overburden where the rock weathering was significant. PLAXIS 3D 2018, a finite element analysis program, was used to simulate the wall rock displacement during the bench cuts with pipe roofings and rock bolts installed. In addition, the difference between the presence and absence of bias pressure was studied. It was found that, in the absence of bias pressure, the tensile and compressive forces were symmetric from side to side. However, under bias pressure, the tensile force remained unchanged. Moreover, the compressive force under bias pressure was three times greater than without bias pressure and was concentrated at the sidewall of the eastbound tunnel and the crown of the mass rapid transit (MRT) tunnel. The results may be helpful for the design and construction of multiple adjacent tunnels in the future.

Satisfaction Scrutiny of commuter using mass transit scheme in Northern, Nigeria.

Satisfaction assessments compute through travellers are often utilized in performance engendered contracts because of their hypothesized nexus with corporation performance. Contrariwise, few researchers have really dichotomizedon the interconnection between passenger satisfaction quantifies and fact-based performance measures in mass transit scheme. This study scrutinizes the connection between the goal performance measures of public transport schemes and the satisfaction ersatz by passengers within Nasarawa, Niger and Federal Capital Territory Abuja North-central, Nigeria. Three objective service performance computes were obtained for each state viasurvey research approach, answered by one thousand and two hundred travellersin total. Above and beyond attribute measures was subjected via total satisfaction as a subjective compute. Numerous correlational scrutinize shows that the correlation between satisfaction and system performance in mass rapid transit system is far below perfection.

Analyze development potential in affected areas adjacent to urban public transit systems. Case study in the stations of Kim Ma and Van Phuc 2 (BRT Line No.1)

The Hanoi authority has been promoting the construction and completion of the Urban Mass Rapid Transit (UMRT) system, both BRT and urban railway. The idea of land value capture for economic development in areas around public transport systems is quite popular around the world. This is considered an effective approach to urban development planning in the big cities. The 3V framework is a holistic approach used to analyze the development potentials of the affected areas by transit stations. This method mentions 3 value groups composed of Node-value, Place-value, and Market-value which are defined under dimensions. The tools utilized to calculate these dimensions are GIS, mapping and surveying. Two stations on BRT line 1, Kim Ma and Van Phuc 2 were selected to study. The results of study showed that (1) there is a relation between spatial attributes, transport characteristics, market conditions and the development potentials; (2) having the advantages and obstacles to development in the affected areas around public transit transport. These results hopefully are the basis for further studies in other stations with the support of more credibly quantitative tools such as computer software and statistical methods.

Monitoring of Atmospheric Corrosion in a Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) Tunnel

A study has been conducted to measure uniform corrosion due to the tunnel environment in the mass rapid transit North East Line (NEL) in Singapore. The study was aimed at investigating the corrosivity of the atmospheric environment in the NEL to enhance understanding on the maintenance of metallic components in a tunnel. The corrosivity levels at the buffer areas of ten stations along the NEL were monitored over a period of two years. The measurements were based on physical metal coupons as well as real-time monitoring systems using electrical resistance sensors. The corrosivity levels measured at different exposure sites showed differences, but were generally low and could be generally categorised as G1 according to ISA standard 71.04:2013. The reason for the low corrosivity levels was likely to be due to the relatively mild temperature and low (<60%) average relative humidity.

Using the integrated neural network of radial basis function (RBF) via optimization algorithms to estimate pile settlement range

The Pile motion seems to be one of the most critical in pile failure that requires appraisal before installing piles. The variables to estimate the Pile Settlement parameter, there are several methods. Among existing theoretical ways to investigate the pile movement mathematically, most studies have tried to model the piles’ settlement overloading period using artificial intelligence. Thus, this research has used the Artificial Neural Network to have the actual status of pile motion vertically over the loading periods dynamically and statically. Therefore, the present research has utilized the Radial Basis Function Neural Network joint with Equilibrium Optimizer Algorithm and Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm to figure out the optimum number of neurons within the hidden layer. Kuala Lumpur’s Klang Valley Mass Rapid Transit transportation network, Malaysia, opted to model the piles’ settlement and earth properties via the proposed hybrid RBF-GOA and RBF-EOA frameworks. By modeling both frameworks, the error index of RMSE for RBF-GOA and HRBF-EOA were gained to 0.6312 and 0.5947, respectively. However, the VAF indicator showed identical results of the rates 96.98 and 97.33, respectively. Overly, the RBF-EOA represented better than RBF-GOA by little efficiency.

Naming public transport and historicising experiences: Critical toponymies and everyday multilingualism in Singapore’s mass rapid transit system

Public transport plays an integral role in urban centres by promoting economic development, mitigating environmental degradation and fostering social cohesion. It also enables users to experience the socio-cultural and linguistic diversity of a locality. Public transport is important to the cosmopolitan city-state of Singapore: its public transport system, which is ranked among the best in the world, is used by over 7.54 million passengers daily. Nevertheless, not much is known about how the linguistic landscapes, soundscapes and place names are tied to public transport use and encounters. This study analyses Singapore’s Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station names, effectively toponyms (place names) in their own right. Specifically, it focuses on the East West and North South Lines, two of Singapore’s oldest MRT lines. Besides tracing the (initially) tumultuous history of the MRT system, the paper studies the languages used in the MRT stations of both lines. It argues that place names, taken together with the sights and sounds of the MRT, are part of everyday multilingualism, or the linguistic dynamism when different linguistic groups occupy public spaces. This paper also explores some of the linguistic, socio-political and policy making considerations behind the MRT stations through a critical toponymic perspective. From the viewpoint of the special issue’s interests, the paper contributes to understanding the historicisation of Singapore’s rail system and its contesting political and economic choices when developing the MRT.

Loyalitas dan Kepuasan Penumpang pada Mass Rapid Transit

The main objective of this research is to increase the loyalty of MRT Jakarta passengers in purchasing tickets through the MRT-J webquel. One of the main problems, the Load Factor of Jakarta's Mass Rapid Transit is still low, which is in the range of 15-18%, far from the standard of public transportation, which is 70%. The location of the study was carried out at Lebak Bulus Station-Hotel Indonesia (HI) Roundabout Station, with a total sample of 112 respondents with questionnaires. Processing technique with quantitative approach method using path analysis processing. The results of the study showed that service quality had a positive effect on satisfaction, webquel had a positive effect on satisfaction, service quality had a non-significant positive effect on loyalty, webquel had an influence on loyalty, satisfaction had an effect on loyalty, passenger satisfaction was unable to function as a mediation on service quality, Passenger satisfaction is able to function as a webquel mediation to passenger loyalty. To improve the quality of service by generating passenger satisfaction, special policies are needed that can make and support changes in managerial quality by providing opportunities for passengers to express their complaints, so that the company PT. Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) Jakarta can form a complaint and suggestion system.

Structural behavior of full‐scale precast posttensioned girder with substandard transverse reinforcement–experimental and analytical study

AbstractRapid expansion of developed cities create problems mainly attributed to traffic congestions. Recently, Bangkok has faced rapid growth and the expanded neighborhoods require convenient public transport to be linked with central Bangkok and other parts of Thailand. Monorails can be an exceptional alternative to conventional skylines and subways thankfully to their excellent climbing abilities, lower noise, shorter constructions periods, and their capabilities to be adapted within limited spaces. Recently, Mass Rapid Transit Authority adopted monorail system to facilitate public in Bangkok's expanding neighborhoods. A four‐span continuous posttensioned girder system has been proposed for the straddle monorail system. Current study focuses on the structural response of full‐scale precast posttensioned (FPP) end girders in the proposed monorail system. Results suggested that the girder remained undamaged under service load while exhibiting a linear load versus vertical deflection response. Failure under ultimate load was accompanied by crushing of concrete, buckling of compression longitudinal bars and posttension tendons at the midspan. Further, experimental rosette strains suggested that concrete strains remained well below the ultimate of strains in the vicinity of high shear zones of the girder. Therefore, these results augment that the proposed design practice is safe against shear and the proposed girder can safely be used as the end girder in four‐span straddle monorail system. Nonlinear analysis of the girder was performed using advanced tool for engineering nonlinear analysis by adopting its built‐in constitutive laws for concrete and steel reinforcement. Predicted analytical response of FPP was in good agreement with experimental results in terms of load‐deflection curves, crack patterns, and failure mode.

Experimental characterization of the vibration effects on wheels of a mass rapid transit vehicle

The aim of this paper is to present the results coming from an experimental campaign aimed at the definition of the vibrations acting on a powered and a trailer bogie of a railway vehicle for mass rapid transit during commercial service. The results, coming from multiple sensors placed in specific points of the two wheelsets, can give a significative overview of the dynamic behaviour of the two components, highlighting, when present, notable differences. The available sensors gave the possibility to justify and correlate these differences to specific characteristics of the bogies considered. The study stresses the presence of peculiar cyclic solicitations that the wheels and the wheelset undergo during their service. A deeper investigation of the outcoming signals has been carried out keeping into consideration the frequency content associated to the specific measurement system in use. The results of the experimental campaign highlight that powered wheelsets may experience significant high-frequency vibrations induced by gear pairs. The implications of these findings may represent a significant argumentation in the discussion of the design requirements of wheelsets and wheels.

RFM Model and K-Means Clustering Analysis of Transit Traveller Profiles: A Case Study

Public transportation users increase as the population grows. In Taipei, Taiwan, this tendency is observed by analyzing historical data from the Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) and economy-shared bicycle (known as YouBike) riders. While this trend exists, the Taipei City government promotes green transportation by providing discounts to users who transfer from MRT or bus to YouBike within a particular period. Therefore, this study focuses on analyzing the patterns of users in order to identify possible clusters. Clusters of customers can be considered fundamental and competitive factors for the Ministry of Transportation to encourage the use of green transportation and promote a sustainable environment. Based on big data smart card information, this paper proposes using the RFM and K-means clustering algorithm to analyze and construct mode-switching traveller profiles on MRT and YouBike riders. As a result, three distinct clusters of MRT-YouBike riders have been identified: potential, vulnerable, and loyal. There are also suggestions regarding the most profitable groups, which customers to focus on, and to whom give special offers or promotions to foster loyalty among transit travellers.

Transit network effects and multilevel access premiums: Evidence from the housing market of Shanghai, China

Recent decades have witnessed the burgeoning development of mass rapid transit around the world. The growing extensiveness and complexity of transit networks have motivated planners and policy analysts to apply the concepts and analytics of network science to improve transit planning and transit impact assessments. Past studies of transit impacts on property values focused predominantly on measuring local access premiums associated with station proximity. Transit network analysis and assessment of transit value impacts have mainly proceeded in parallel. This study incorporates network concepts and analytics into the study of the capitalization of transit access and network effects. The study estimated hierarchical hedonic price models with housing sales data from Shanghai, China, and identified both the access premium associated with station proximity and the network premium generated by transit network effects. Line-level corridor premiums also existed along three of Shanghai's 15 metro lines. With explicit accounting of multilayer transit access premiums, the study offers new empirical insights that inform evidence-based practice and policy-making, including system planning for service optimization, value capture for transit financing, and affordable housing provisions through transit-oriented development.

Analisis Permasalahan Transportasi Berkelanjutan di Kota Metropolitan Surabaya : Studi Kasus Perkotaan Padat Penduduk

This research aims to examine the issues and solutions of sustainable transportation in the metropolitan city of Surabaya, focusing on densely populated urban areas. The research method used in this study is qualitative, relying on secondary data sources. The findings of this study reveal that one of the main factors causing transportation problems in urban areas, especially in Surabaya, is the high number of motorized vehicles leading to traffic congestion. Secondly, there is a lack of efficiency in public transportation. Thirdly, there is a lack of comfort and safety. Fourthly, there is a scarcity of facilities in public transportation, and lastly, there is a lack of awareness among the population regarding the use of traffic facilities. Then, the high rate of growth in Surabaya city will result in a significant amount of traffic congestion in certain areas. Transportation challenges with cross-regional impacts, such as in the metropolitan urban areas of Surabaya, cannot be addressed or handled separately by individual regions. To overcome these challenges, coordination and cooperation between various areas are required. In order to achieve efficiency and optimal results, it is recommended that management be carried out in an integrated manner as a single system, without considering administrative boundaries. From these issues, the researcher proposes a solution, which is the establishment of sustainable transportation such as the Mass Rapid Transit (MRT), improving facilities and infrastructure to support the transportation sector, and raising public awareness to encourage the use of public transportation.

Prevention Cost Components Priorities for Urban Rail Infrastructure Projects

The Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) and the Light Rail Transit (LRT) have been establishedas the largest transport infrastructure projects in Malaysia and cost over RM40 billion. Due to the vigorous development of both projects, accidents at project sites have causedfatalities, serious injuries,and damage to properties. Many accidents haveoccurred during the operation of rail. In Malaysia, the latest rail accident occurred on 24thMay 2021had injured200 people when two coaches onthe Kelana Jaya LRT line collidedin the capital Kuala Lumpur. Railaccidents create significant economic impacts on the country, stakeholders,and society. Studies on the prevention costs during the pre-construction stage of a project are scarceand have mainly focused on the financial losses or accident costs incurred by the contractor and victim.Amongthe limitations of the existing safety and health cost models is that they do not include the costs incurred by the client for the safety prevention activities. Therefore, this research aims to study the types of prevention cost components that must be the priorities for urban rail infrastructureprojects. The data analysed in this study wasobtained from a total of eight (8) projects involved in the MRT 1 (SBK Line) and ten (10) projects involved in the MRT 2 (SPP Line). The prevention cost components priorities were determined by the coefficient of variation (CV) percentage. The finding shows ten (10) prevention cost components,and nineteen (19) prevention cost items wereallocatedduring the pre-construction phase. The cost components werethe Plant Costs, OSH Management Costs, Housekeeping Costs, Special Work Condition Costs, Evaluation and Monitoring Costs, Emergency Response Costs, Electrical Work Costs, PPE and Training Costs, Facilities on Site Costs, and Insurance Costs. This study finds out that all these prevention cost components are important to prevent accidents for the employees when carrying out work on-site. Therefore,clientsshould considerthe availability of these cost componentsin the planning and preparation phasesof an urban rail infrastructure project.Thus, the most logical amount of prevention cost components can be achieved in the future project and creating the awareness of these costs to the clients.

Antecedents of Passenger Satisfaction Towards Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) in Malaysia

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between availability, accessibility, information, timeliness, comfort and satisfaction for Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) passengers in Malaysia. Using a quantitative research design, the respondents were selected using convenience sampling in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Data were analysed using Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS). Based on the result of Pearson correlation analysis, this study found that availability, accessibility, information, timeliness and comfort have a positive and significant influence on passenger satisfaction towards MRT service in Malaysia. The findings of this study are expected to aid the operators of MRT in Malaysian in better understanding the elements of service quality that influence passenger satisfaction towards the service.

Risk Factors in Dedicated Freight Corridor and Mass Rapid-Transit Metro Rail Infrastructure Projects

Risk Factors in Dedicated Freight Corridor and Mass Rapid-Transit Metro Rail Infrastructure Projects

Global Warming Potential from Public Transportation Activities During COVID-19 Pandemic in Jakarta, Indonesia

During a pandemic, social distancing will affect the occupancy rate of public transportation in DKI Jakarta. The number of usually total passengers is partially occupied. Of course, this can change the carbon footprint generated for each person. For this reason, this research was conducted to determine the carbon footprint and greenhouse gas emissions released during the COVID-19 pandemic. A direct survey has been conducted to determine the occupancy rate of mass rapid transit (MRT) vehicles and Trans Jakarta buses. Online vehicles such as cars and motorbikes were based on government policy. The results show that the MRT occupancy rate was 63±32 passengers, and for Trans Jakarta, it was 21±9 passengers. The carbon footprint from transportation that produces the most negligible CO2 emissions was MRT. The comparison obtained between the MRT and Trans Jakarta Bus's emission values were 0.026 and 0.091 kg CO2 eq/passenger. As for the online taxi transportation mode with four people, it produced the highest CO2 emissions. Therefore, the government needs have planned MRT to improve the quality of public transportation and capacity, especially in the main corridors of DKI Jakarta.

Analysis of Land Use Changes and Land Value Zones Due to Phase 1 Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) Development in Menteng District, Central Jakarta

The high demand for land in the area around the MRT station causes changes in land prices that tend to increase. These conditions can be the cause of changes in land use. This study used high-resolution images in 2021 and land use maps in 2014 and 2021. The data is used to analyze land-use changes. Meanwhile, the analysis of land value changes uses the 2014 land value zone map and the 2021 land value zone map obtained from the results of a field survey using the mass land valuation method. From these results, an analysis of the effect of changes in land use was carried out on changes in land value in Menteng District as a result of the construction of mass rapid transit phase 1. The results showed that there was a change in land use. The total area of ​​land change was 18.604 hectares or 2.879%. The details of the changes are trade increased by 1.362%, settlements decreased by 1.938%, hotels increased by 0.071%, lakes increased by 0.114%, vacant land decreased by 0.006%, parks increased by 0.368%, PT regularly increased by 0.485%, sports facilities decreased by 0.368% and government offices decreased by 0.088%. The highest price increase was Rp110,218,903/m2 because there was a change in land use from regular housing to trading areas. The largest increase in land value seen from the dominant land use characteristics was in commercial or trade areas, which was 187%, with an average increase in value of Rp. 76,170,137/m2.

Social Media Mining on Taipei's Mass Rapid Transit Station Services based on Visual-Semantic Deep Learning

For public transport operators, passengers’ comments towards their experience are valuable for promoting more friendly transportation services. This paper demonstrates that passenger-generated online comments can be used to assess railway transportation station services. The natural language processing and social media mining techniques that include establishing an opinion classification model through visual semantic fusion deep learning methods are applied to assess Taipei’s Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station services from the internet opinions. An opinion monitoring system includes: (1) opinion mining to build a social media comment dataset on the ontology of MRT stations.; (2) proposing intent-sentiment, image-text relationship, and content type categories to assist accessing of passengers’ quality of experience; (3) constructing a classification model to classify the nature of opinions (4) proposing visualization to provide an intuitive information display dashboard to help Taipei’s MRT operator sense the sentiment-intention trends of comments on each station and access the current service level as well as part of the quality management assessment is also proposed.

Transit Ridership of Dhaka Metro Rail

This study focuses on the future ridership of Dhaka’s under-construction metro rail. Dhaka offers an exceptional context with the world’s highest density of population. How the sociocultural condition of the city’s population would impact the future ridership of the metro rail was an interesting question. The data for the study were collected through a structured questionnaire by the participants of a training programme designed for the Dhaka Mass Transit Company Limited officials and implemented by the Bangladesh Public Administration Training Centre. The respondents were randomly chosen from six catchment areas of a part of the Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) Line-6. This paper presents the survey findings using descriptive and inferential statistics. The implications of the findings are discussed. The study findings substantially contribute to the scientific knowledge of urban transportation governance regarding rapid-transit facility development. Moreover, the findings carry policy implications for city planners.

First-Mile Transport Mode Study to Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) System in Klang Valley

Providing a good first-mile transport mode is vital in developing a sustainable transport system in a nation. However, most residents faced distance connectivity, morning rush hours, and unavailability of transport mode choice. In this study, we examined five modes of transportation in Klang Valley. This study builds on survey data through on-site and online surveys. The data examined individual-level and contextual factors influencing first-mile travel behaviour. The results tell that despite varying contexts, the six determinants such as age, status, professions, monthly income, and travel distance significantly explain individual travel behaviour. In order to achieve mitigation of traffic congestion within the city and, consequently, improve transit connectivity, this paper recommends that public transportation networks be expanded to reach rural areas. Besides, authorities may consider offering a free shuttle bus to attract more people, start using public transportation. Simultaneously, encourage individuals to use e-scooters and e-hailing services while commuting short-distance trips.