Marriage Immigrants Research Articles

다문화교육의 연구 동향 분석: 『다문화교육연구』(2008-2021)를 중심으로

This study aims to explore the trends of multicultural education research in South Korea. For this purpose, the study analyzed a total of 281 research articles published from 2008 to 2021 in the journal of『Multicultural Education Studies (MES)』. The research results are as follows: first, theoretical studies accounted for the largest proportion in the first period (2008-2010), while quantitative and qualitative studies increased in the second period (2011-2015) and the third period (2016-2021). Second, research topics tended to be divided into subtopics in the second and third period while they remained unsegmented in the first period. Third, according to the analysis results of each research methodology, studies on academic concepts/ theories and directions in multicultural education were most common among theoretical research studies. Content analysis studies mainly focused on textbook analysis and research trends in multicultural education. Quantitative studies on non-multicultural students and multicultural students were conducted the most by analyzing survey and panel data. Qualitative studies on married immigrants or multicultural families, two or more groups, and teachers were most frequently conducted in general qualitative studies and qualitative case studies. Very few mixed-methods research studies were identified in the journal. Based on the research results, this study suggests the continuous production of multicultural education research with diverse subjects employing various research methodologies and methods

Analysis of Communication Patterns in Multicultural Movies

This paper is a study that analyzed multicultural movies from a communicative perspective. The analysis data for this paper are from <Perm>, <Believe it or not-In the case of Chandra>. Multicultural movies feature female marriage immigrants and migrant workers who are multicultural. So, multicultural movies show the communication between Korean and their disparate cultures well. In particular, it is possible to examine communication as a response method of Koreans, focusing on multicultural people. This paper examines the aspects of Koreans' communication about heterogeneous cultures, focusing on the communication of non-verbal and verbal languages in the two films. In this paper, the aspects are summarized as the voices of marginalized multicultural people, the heterogeneity of Koreans-not listening, and the violence caused by heterogeneity. The Korean audiences who watches <A Perm> can empathize with Luong’s thinking and emotion contrary to the Koreans in the primary structure by Luong’s facial expression, and also reach the reflective thinking through the objective observation of Koreans in the film. Contrary to the Koreans in the film, the Korean audiences of <Never Ending Peace and Love> can observe the look of Koreans in Chandra’s viewpoint, listen to Chandra’s poor, but continuous and repetitive Korean expression and her auditory nonverbal language like sigh, feel frustrated in Koreans who cannot hear, but empathize with Chandra who cannot communicate. It makes us wear their shoes to experience the immigrants’ viewpoint in concrete multicultural communication situations shown in multicultural films. This is the process of communication with immigrants, and becomes a chance to understand their lives. It is also possible to have a chance for self-reflection and introspection by objectively examining objectified Koreans.

사회통합의 관점에서 다문화가족지원법에 대한 입법평가

The Multicultural Family Support Act was enacted in 2008 and aims to contribute to the improvement of the quality of life and social integration of multicultural family members by allowing them to lead stable family lives and fulfill their roles and responsibilities as social members. The general targets of support under the enactment of the Multicultural Family Support Act are support for families consisting of national spouses, marriage immigrants, and their children. This paper evaluates whether the core legislative purpose of the Multicultural Family Support Act, which contributes to the ‘social integration of members of multicultural families’, is being effectively achieved. Legislative evaluation was conducted focusing on Article 1 (purpose clause), which specifies the legislative purpose of the Multicultural Family Support Act, Article 5 (promoting understanding of multicultural families), and Article 6 (support for life information and education). At the time of legislation, multicultural families in Korea were more related to Southeast Asian-centered marriage immigrants than multicultural families from Western developed countries. Therefore, the stability of their lives and desirable settlement in our society were a problem, and the Multicultural Family Support Act aimed at this purpose is considered to contribute to the improvement of the quality of life and social integration of multicultural families along with the designed legislative purpose. This study was conducted focusing on the post-legislative evaluation of the Multicultural Family Support Act, and was conducted by applying a typical post-legislative evaluation methods, including tests of legislative effectiveness and performance and problems of the current law in the application of the law.

문화간 의사소통 관점에서의 공익광고 이해 양상 분석 - 광주 및 전남 지역에 거주하는 유자녀 중국 국적의 결혼 이주 여성을 대상으로 -

이 연구의 목적은 광주 및 전남 지역에 거주하는 유자녀 결혼 이주 여성을 대상으로 문화간 의사소통 관점에서 공익광고에 대한 이해 양상을 살피는 데 있다. 특히 공익광고의 메시지를 파악하는 데 겪는 의사소통 실패의 양상을 살피고 그 원인을 파악함으로써, 궁극적으로는 다문화 사회로 진입한 한국 사회에서 공익광고가 추구해야 하는 발전적 방안을 언어적, 문화적 측면에서 논의하고자 하였다. 이에 본고는 공익광고에 사용된 언어의 측면에서의 개선 방안을 다음과 같이 제안하였다. 첫째, 공익광고의 언어는 생산자의 의도를 전달하는 데 있어 좀 더 명시적이어야 한다. 둘째, TV 광고라는 매체의 특성상 메시지를 전달하는 데 자막, 영상미, 출연진, 음악 등의 복합적 요소가 관여되나 언어적 메시지를 전달하는 데 좀 더 치중할 필요가 있다. 셋째, 공익광고에 반영된 한국 사회 문화가 다양한 문화적 배경을 지닌 이주민들에게는 다소 생소할 수 있음을 고려하여 생각의 차이에서 빚어지는 오해를 해결할 수 있는 후속적 노력이 필요하다.

Financial Market Participation of Immigrants and Their Intentions to Emigrate From the United States of America

In this study, we empirically examine the relationship between U.S. immigrants’ intentions to emigrate from the U.S. and their financial market participation. Researchers have explored several determinants of immigrants’ financial market participation, namely the characteristics of the immigrants and their country of origin. However, one determinant that has not been explored, due to lack of data, is immigrants’ intentions to emigrate from the host country. Using data from the New Immigrant Survey, we find that immigrants with intentions to emigrate from the U.S. are more likely to participate in the financial markets relative to their counterparts with no such intentions. The results also indicate that married immigrants with intentions to emigrate from the U.S. are less likely to own a checking or savings account than immigrants who are not married. In addition, immigrants with the intent to emigrate from the U.S. are more likely to purchase stocks, corporate bonds, or both as they get older.

A Study on the Necessity of Lifelong Education Program for Married Immigrant Women

A Study on the Necessity of Lifelong Education Program for Married Immigrant Women

Multiculturalism in South Korea: putting migrant wives in their place

ABSTRACT This paper focuses on the role of Multicultural Family Support Centers (MFSCs) to explain the gender, race and cultural hierarchies inherent in South Korea’s system of multiculturalism. Since the 1990s the South Korean state has played an active role in facilitating marriage migration and influencing the reproductive and caregiving decisions of female marriage immigrants. This is reflected in immigration and welfare policies that incentivize migrant wives to have children and provide disproportionate power to Korean husbands. Over the past decade the Korean government has invested heavily in MFSCs. These centers cater exclusively to migrant wives with courses focused on the acquisition of the Korean language and culture. The teachers are generally older Korean women while students are migrant wives from developing countries. The version of Korean culture taught to migrant wives emphasizes traditional Confucian family roles and that a wives’ role is to focus on managing the home and supporting her husband and children. I present two case studies of cultural and cooking classes provided by a MFSC where I volunteered. The classes illustrate that multiculturalism in South Korea is focused on assimilation with limited expectation that Korean husbands and in-law families should adapt to migrant wives. Instead, migrant wives are expected to acquire a strong understanding of how to behave and understand their place in a traditional Korean family structure. I provide migrant wives’ perspectives on these classes and explain why they have limited opportunity to influence or respond to the expectations of the Korean state and in-law families.

국제결혼 이민자의 한국사회 정착에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구

This study analyzed the factors that negatively affect marriage immigrants' settlement in Korean society and attempted to find policy alternatives that can help stable settlement based on the needs according to the characteristics of immigrants. Based on the research results, the policy implications according to the needs of marriage immigrants are as follows. First, it is necessary to activate the operation of various Korean language education programs suitable for the characteristics and needs of marriage immigrants. Second, it is necessary to strengthen the vocational and employment education programs for marriage immigrants so that they can live an economically stable life. Third, education to improve the perception of human rights and social prejudice for marriage immigrants should be expanded to the whole nation. Lastly, it is necessary to provide necessary information so that international marriage immigrants can live on their own in Korea, and it is necessary to expand the development and operation of programs according to their local conditions and needs. In addition, it is expected that marriage immigrants and their families can be used as data to create phased and systematic support policies based on the characteristics and desires of various factors experienced in the process of settling in Korea.

Cancer Screening Program Delivered by Community Health Workers for Chinese Married Immigrant Women in Korea.

This quasi-experimental study used a cancer prevention program delivered by community health workers (CHWs) as an intervention to improve health literacy and increase screening uptake. The intervention group was educated by trained CHWs and received information about the nearby hospitals. After education, participants received telephone counseling once a month for 6 months. In the intervention group, CHWs met the participants individually and delivered the CD-ROM containing conversation scenarios with voice during the cancer screening test. The control group was provided educational materials related to breast and cervical cancers and a booklet containing information on mammography and Pap test. This study assessed the difference in mammography and Pap tests between the intervention and control groups. The results showed that the participants’ knowledge improved, and the rate of cancer screening tests did not decrease in the intervention group. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and apply various programs that train CHWs and apply them to immigrant women to promote health-related behaviors under the health system that they are not familiar with while living in another country.

Positioning of female marriage immigrants in South Korea: a multimodal textbook analysis

Abstract This study examines a series of government textbooks used to teach Korean language and culture to spouses of South Korean nationals living in Korea. A multimodal analysis of textbook images and narratives explores how strictly defined gender identity discourses are constructed and circulated through these government textbooks in ways that not only seek to reinforce gender conventions, but also advance a conservative, assimilationist curriculum for these immigrants. The analysis reveals ways in which female marriage immigrants are positioned primarily as housekeepers; how they are subordinately positioned vis-à-vis in-laws and their husbands; and finally, how intercultural miscommunications are presented as the fault only of the immigrants. In this, the burden for intercultural communication and learning is placed solely on the immigrants in the multimodal narratives presented in the textbooks, without reciprocal burden ever placed on the spouse or spouse’s family, or effective ways of negotiating intercultural miscommunications being shared. Images and text work together in multimodal ensembles to craft narratives that position immigrant women in ways that textual or visual analysis alone would not fully capture. Thus, the study argues the use of multimodal analytical approach in examining language textbooks as a way of deconstructing broader discourses and disrupting problematic discourses.

Psychometrics and measurement invariance: Health Literacy Scale for Vietnamese and Indonesian married immigrants.

To examine the psychometrics and measurement invariance of the Short-Form Health Literacy 12-item questionnaire (HL-SF12) among Vietnamese and Indonesian married immigrants. A cross-sectional survey design. In total, 1171 Vietnamese and Indonesian married immigrants were enrolled between September 2019 and December 2019. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to verify the structural validity of the suggested factor structure. The multiple-group CFA (MGCFA) used a series of hierarchical nested-in models as a measurement invariance test which confirmed the adequacy of the model fit at each stage. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin coefficient was 0.898, and the Bartlett test of sphericity was statistically significant (χ2 [66]=1965.97, p < 0.01). According to a scree plot and Kaiser's criterion for eigenvalues of >1, the EFA explained 61.6% of the total variance and confirmed three theoretically supported factors of health care, disease prevention and health promotion. The 12 items showed factor loadings of >0.4 and four items were in each subscale. The CFA showed adequate structural validity, including a relative chi-squared/degrees of freedom (X2 /df) of 2.01, a comparative fit index (CFI) of 0.98 and a root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) of 0.04 (95% confidence interval [0.03, 0.05]) in married immigrants. For the measurement invariance, a change in the goodness-of-fit measures did not exceed 0.02 for the RMSEA or 0.01 for the CFI. The results indicated Cronbach's α values of 0.87 for the HL-SF12 scale in Vietnamese and Indonesian combined samples (n=1171). A t-test showed that the HL-SF12 and its three subscales were unable to significantly differentiate between Vietnamese and Indonesian groups (all p > 0.05). The HL-SF12 scale showed acceptable theoretically supported structural validity, equivalent measurement invariance and reliable internal consistency among Vietnamese and Indonesian married immigrants. Measurements of immigrants' HL using the HL-SF12 could be integrated into future immigrant health policies. As the first study of the measurement invariance of the HL-SF12 instrument among immigrants. Related factors of immigrants' HL can be further explored to increase immigrants' health and empowerment.

Association between divorce and access to healthcare services among married immigrants: propensity score approaches

BackgroundWhile divorce is a social determinant of health among married immigrants in Korea, its association with access to healthcare services is unclear. Given the rapid increase in the number of married immigrants in Korea, research is needed to improve minority groups’ access to healthcare services. Here, we examined healthcare service utilization among married immigrants.MethodsWe retrieved 11,778 adults from the 2018 Korea National Multicultural Family Survey. We analyzed whether the sex of divorced immigrants is associated with healthcare access using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Further, we analyzed the association between divorce and access to healthcare services among married immigrants using propensity score matching methods.ResultsThere were 691 (5.8%) divorced immigrants in the data set. The married male immigrants had no association between divorce status and healthcare access (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.55–2.03, p = 0.8620). Divorced immigrants were less likely to receive healthcare services than married immigrants (adjusted OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.07–1.88).ConclusionOur findings revealed that divorce increases the risk of limited access to healthcare services among married immigrants. Policymakers and healthcare providers should be aware of these potential disparities in this vulnerable minority population.

Entrepreneurship Experiences among Vietnamese Marriage Immigrant Women in Taiwan

Since the 1990s, Taiwan has experienced growing numbers of commercially arranged marriages between Vietnamese women and socioeconomically disadvantaged Taiwanese men. Most Vietnamese marriage immigrant women proactively engage in the labor market due to the heavy financial burden of their Taiwanese and natal families. Employing a sociocultural and post-structural feminist approach, this study draws from life-story interviews of 13 married Vietnamese women to investigate the entrepreneurship experiences among Vietnamese marriage immigrant women in Taiwan. These women are pushed and pulled towards creating demanding micro-entrepreneurships based on their self-employed socialization, thereby fulfilling family obligations and achieving career goals. Targeting their host market, these women operate their businesses using Taiwanese customer networks and their institutionalized learning and sustainable resilience while negotiating self-identity. Running entrepreneurships empowers these women, facilitating their self-identity, social integration, family position within the boundaries of gender, family expectations, and business while they struggle with unexpected challenges. Clearly, these individuals and their significant others, homeland culture and socialization, and their life experiences and positions in Taiwan shape these immigrant women’s businesses and their sense of meaning. This study extends the feminist perspective of this topic, focusing on the sustainable agency and sense of competence of female marriage immigrants.

The Effect of Married Immigrant Women’s Acculturative Stress on Depression: The Mediating Effect of Parenting Efficacy

본 연구는 결혼이주여성의 문화적응스트레스와 우울 간 관계에서 부모효능감의 매개효과를 검증하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 한국청소년정책연구원에서 실시한 다문화청소년패널 중 학부모에게서 수집한 7차년도 자료를 활용하였다. 이때 SPSS 25.0을 사용하여 다문화가정 어머니 중 출신 국적이 외국인 결혼이주여성만을 대상으로 분석하였다. 본 연구는 Baron과 Kenny(1986)의 모형에 근거했으며 Sobel Test를 하여 부모효능감의 매개효과 검증을 실시하였다. 연구결과 결혼이주여성의 문화적응스트레스가 우울에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤으며 부모효능감의 부분매개효과도 확인되었다. 이를 바탕으로 결혼이주여성의 문화적응스트레스 감소와 부모효능감 향상을 위한 실천적·정책적 제언을 제시하였다.The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of married immigrant women’s acculturative stress on depression and the mediating effect of parenting efficacy. For analysis, this study used the parents’ data among the 7th wave of the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study(MAPS) conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute. Only married immigrant women who have foreign nationality among mothers from multicultural families were analyzed with SPSS 25.0. This study was based on the model of Baron and Kenny(1986) and the Sobel test was additionally employed to verify the mediating effect of parenting efficacy. As a result, married immigrant women s acculturative stress showed a significant positive correlation with their depression, and the mediating effect of parenting efficacy was also verified. Based on the result, this study suggested practical and policy implications to reduce married immigrant women’s acculturative stress and to improve parenting efficacy.

Digital Divide and Life Satisfaction among Married Immigrant Women in Korea

Digital Divide and Life Satisfaction among Married Immigrant Women in Korea

A Study on Satisfaction and PerceptionReal-time Online Classes for Marriage Immigrants - For learners at the Busan Multicultural Center - Ryu

A Study on Satisfaction and PerceptionReal-time Online Classes for Marriage Immigrants - For learners at the Busan Multicultural Center - Ryu

Qualitative Research Trend Analysis on Japanese Marriage Immigrant Women

This study aims to analyze the trends of qualitative research on Japanese marriage immigrant women, understand their experiences, and explore the fields to be considered in multicultural counseling. For this purpose, 26 qualitative research on Japanese marriage immigrant women were selected for analysis. As a result of the study, qualitative research targeting Japanese marriage immigrant women has been published since 2008. Academic fields were mainly researched in academic or educational areas relating to Japan. Qualitative research methods used in the literature to be analyzed consisted of six case studies and five phenomenologies. The subject of life culture was the most covered, with 15 research topics. Suggestions for these research results are as follows. First, research on Japanese marriage immigrant women needs to be expanded to encompass a broader range of subjects and targets. Second, it is necessary to develop and research a counseling program in the various fields. This study is expected to be meaningful in that it provides implications for future research directions and multicultural counseling on multiculturalism in Korean society.

A Study on the Construction of Korean Cultural Vocabulary for Female Marriage Immigrants - Focusing on the Congratulations and Condolences Vocabulary List -

이 논문의 목적은 여성결혼이민자들을 위한 문화 어휘장 중에서 경조사 어휘를 중심으로 구축하여 제시하는 것이다. 이는 한국일생의례사전에서 제시한 표제어 중에서도 현대에도 사용되고 있는 어휘들을 중심으로 하였으며 ‘출생의례, 혼인의례, 상례의례’를 기준으로 세부적인 어휘장을 구축하였다. 여기에 여성결혼이민자들이 사용하는 한국어 교재에 나타난 어휘들로 보충하여 경조사 어휘장을 완성하였다. 이렇게 구축된 경조사 어휘장은 한국어 교육 현장에서 뿐만 아니라여성결혼이민자들이 목표 언어의 문화를 잘 이해하고 경조사 상황에 알맞은 어휘를 구사하는 데에 도움을 줄 수 있을것이라고 보았다. 다음 후속 연구에서는 본고에서 구축한 경조사 어휘장을 학습 단계별로 구성하고 그에 따른 학습 활동을 제안하기로 한다.

Relationship between Marriage Immigrant Mothers’ Acculturative Stress and Their Adolescent Children’s Career Decidedness in South Korea: Mediating Roles of Parenting and School Adjustment

International marriages between Korean men and foreign women from other Asian countries have been increasing since the late 1990s in Korea. This study examines the mediating effects of parenting self-efficacy, career-specific parenting behaviors, and school adjustment on the relationship between immigrant mothers’ acculturative stress and their adolescent children’s career decidedness. Data were collected from 1181 third grade students (583 boys, 598 girls) in Korean middle schools and their foreign mothers who participated in the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study. A structural equation modeling analysis revealed the following multiple mediation process: immigrant mothers’ acculturative stress is indirectly related to their adolescent children’s career decidedness through (1) the dual mediation of parenting self-efficacy and career-specific parenting behaviors; (2) the serial mediation of parenting self-efficacy, career-specific parenting behaviors, and adolescents’ school adjustment; (3) the dual mediation of parenting self-efficacy and adolescents’ school adjustment; and (4) the mediation of adolescents’ school adjustment. This study provides directions for parent education and career counseling to enhance immigrant mothers’ parenting competence and support the positive career development of adolescents from multicultural families. The study, therefore, helps them grow into well-adjusted adults in Korean society, which, in turn, contributes to the well-being of immigrant mothers and their adolescent children.

Comparison of Association Between Divorce and Access to Healthcare Services Among Married Immigrants

The number of married immigrants is increasing in Korea, and family dissolution is also growing in this population. Although divorce could impact immigrants' health status, it is unclear whether they have difficulties accessing healthcare and medical services. Thus, we examined whether divorce in married immigrants is independently associated with access to healthcare services. A retrospective analysis of 11,778 adults who participated in the 2018 National Multicultural Family Survey. We used three different covariate adjustment methods (multivariate logistic regression, inverse probability of treatment weighting, 1:1 greedy propensity score matching) to examine the association between divorce and access to healthcare services after accounting for various demographic and clinical characteristics. Overall, 5.8% (n = 691) of married immigrants reported a history of divorce. The divorce group included 107 (15.5%) males and 584 (84.5%) females, with an average age of 45.17 years (SD = 10.9). The non-divorced group included 1992 males (18.0%) and 9095 (82.0%) females, with an average age of 39.1 years (SD = 10.5). After propensity score matching, all variables were balanced (all p>0.05). Individuals who experienced divorce were more likely to have difficulties in healthcare service access than those who did not experience divorce (adjusted odds ratio 1.423, 95% CI [1.075, 1.882]). Our findings revealed that divorce increased the risk of limited healthcare services among immigrants in Korea. Healthcare policymakers should be aware of the healthcare access issues in this minority population. In addition, to improve the lifestyles of minority populations, it is necessary to study their overall lives.