Upper Line Research Articles

An Exploratory Examination of the Mompreneur and Multi-Level Marketing: What Does She Do and Why Does She Do It?

The number of small businesses owned by women in the United States is on the rise, due to a variety of reasons. One business model, which is attractive to mothers who lead busy lives, is multi-level marketing. The purpose of this study is to examine the motives of mompreneurs and gain a better understanding of their experiences with the multi-level marketing business model. Data collection involved both a survey and phenomenological interviews. The results identified a variety of motivations for engaging in multi-level marketing, ranging from economic to brand relationships. The women utilised social media tools to access their social capital in order to advertise and sell products to a large network of other women. Moreover, they received significant support from their family and friends related to their business. Several success factors and challenges were identified, as was a finding related to the serial nature of multi-level marketing business ownership. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.

Fuzzy Decision-Based Energy Management of Energy Grids with Hubs considering Participation of Hubs and Networks in the Energy Markets

With the creation of competitive environments, such as electricity market, it is expected that energy networks and active consumers such as energy hubs participate in the market to promote their economic situation. So, the article proposes the optimal involvement of energy networks and hubs in energy markets in two wholesale and retail designs based on the energy management system at the same time. The proposed scheme is expressed as two-objective optimization. The first objective is to minimize the cost of different types of energy in electricity-gas-thermal networks. In another objective function, the cost of energy (which is the difference between the energy purchase cost and energy sale income) of energy hubs in the retail market is minimized. The scheme is bound to optimal power flow equations of the mentioned networks and operating model of power sources and active loads. Then, the Pareto optimization mixed with the sum of weighted functions helps extract an optimal compromise solution on the basis of fuzzy decision-making. Finally, the scheme is applied to a test system, and the obtained numerical results confirm that energy hubs are improved financially, and economic and operation conditions of the electricity-gas-thermal networks are enhanced simultaneously. So, significant profit can be achieved for EHs in the retail energy market. The economic situation of the networks enhances up to roughly 10% compared with that of power flow studies. Also, operating situation of the networks enhances by about 12% to 53% compared with a case without EHs.

Marketing Strategy To Improve The Competitiveness Of A Chocolate Drink Business In Surabaya

This study aims to find out how the marketing strategy is using SWOT Analysis in Chocolate Beverage Product Businesses to increase Competitiveness. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach and SWOT analysis to take advantage of opportunities, maximize strengths, reduce weaknesses, and avoid threats. The results of this SWOT analysis indicate that the chocolate beverage business is implementing a Strength Opportunity (SO) strategy, this is a strategy for chocolate beverage businesses to take advantage of strengths and opportunities to run their business. Therefore, chocolate beverage business to meet the tastes and needs of the community, it is necessary to maintain and improve chocolate beverage products that have a variety and distinctive tastes. To attract more loyal customers, there is creativity in using technology to market products online, to expand the product marketing network for the chocolate drink business.

Uniform purchasing price approach for Vietnam wholesale electricity market: modeling and discussing

In Vietnam, the reform of the electricity sector is an urgent need, unbundled and striking to begin a Competitive Electricity Market. The Vietnam electricity day-ahead market model is implemented based on the gross pool model with specific market rules and network constraints. Today, the Vietnam electricity market is operating at the Vietnam Wholesale Electricity Market step but is not yet completed. Due to the long shape of Vietnam territory, an implicit cross-compensation mechanism is applied to create a balance between customers leading to an obstruction to allowing multi-buyers in the electricity market. Therefore, the main aim of this paper is based on the official documents to propose the current mathematical model of the Vietnam electricity day-ahead market using a Mixed Integer Linear Problem, called the Single Buyer Day-Ahead Market model. Then, the Multi Buyer Day-Ahead Market model is implemented to allow multi-buyers to trade in the market. The idea of purchasing uniform prices for multi-buyers using in Italy could be also introduced in the Integrated European Electricity Market in case of large price variations between countries as a mechanism to uniformize the price of energy in Europe for consumers. In this paper, purchasing uniform prices is proposed to provide an explicit cross-compensation mechanism for Vietnam. Eventually, the proposed models are evaluated with four scenarios in two years representing typical days in Vietnam. The results confirm that, on one hand, the proposed market-clearing models can be applied in a real application for any expansion of the market, i.e. the number of suppliers, demands, and bidding areas; on the other hand, the purchasing uniform prices provide an explicit cross-compensation between bidding areas helping to enhance the fairness and the transparency of the market.

Providing a Novel Approach Based on Decomposition for Congestion Management considering EVCSs, Wind Farms, and DLC

The acceptance of renewable energy sources and electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) around the world is growing, which changes the network’s congestion. From the operator’s perspective, congestion management is essential for network reliability despite increased demand. Additionally, it is among the most crucial elements in preventing network market power. Therefore, the items affecting the congestion changes of network lines, in particular, congested lines, are important for the operator. In this paper, using an analytical method and structural decomposition, the impact of wind farms, EVCSs, and demand response to changes in network line congestion in various cases has been investigated. In addition, some indices have been proposed to evaluate the ability of each item to change the congestion at low and peak loads. The proposed method has been implemented on the IEEE standard 24-bus network, and the results have been analyzed. This method is an effective tool for the network operator to predict the state of the network due to changes in items.

Marketing Vulnerability of Shallot Farming in Tapin Regency, South Kalimantan, Indonesia

Allium cepa (shallot) is an important commodity in Tapin Regency, South Kalimantan. Tapin Regency is a reliable shallot production area in South Kalimantan Province. Shallot farming is faced with uncertain climate conditions in Tapin Regency, which have an impact on changing the behavior of farmers in dealing with harvest and product marketing issues. Shallot production has decreased dramatically in the last five years in this area. Thus, it is urgent to identify the problems faced by farmers. To identify the existing problems, an analysis of shocks, exposure, responses, and impacts better known as the SERI analysis method was carried out. The research results showed that product marketing and government subsidies were problems that caused shocks due to unformed markets, simultaneous harvests, and an inability to compete with production from outside the region; furthermore, no longer receiving subsidies from the government prevented farmers from buying seeds due to the high price of seeds. The exposure experienced by the farmers was that the selling price became low, resulting in losses, and most farmers did not dare to continue to plant the next season’s shallots. The response of the farmers to the shock conditions that occurred was that most of them sold cheap and lost money; there were a few who held back sales, while some surrendered, and almost all farmers switched to planting other commodities. The impact felt by farmers from these shocks was that their income decreased due to their loss, and there was no income from shallot farming. Buffer capacities that can be put in place to reduce the impact of these problems are actively seeking price and market information, forming marketing networks, adjusting planting times, adding product value by means of postharvest processing such as processing fried shallot or shallot paste, buying seeds by groups, using the best quality seeds, accessing financial institutions to obtain venture capital assistance, and conducting nurseries. Keywords: marketing, shallots, subsidies, Tapin District, vulnerability DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/13-4-04 Publication date: March 31 st 2023

ANALISIS BAURAN PEMASARAN BUAH STROBERI DI “LUMBUNG STROBERI” DESA PANDANREJO KECAMATAN BUMIAJI KOTA BATU

Strawberry is one of the subtropical fruit products that has great potential to be developed in Indonesia. The problem in this business is that there is no institution that accommodates and markets strawberries so that the marketing network is still between cities and a small part is sent to the city of Surabaya. The objectives of this study are: to analyze the marketing problems of strawberries and the marketing mix of strawberries in the Strawberry Barn, Pandanrejo Village, Bumiaji District, Batu City, in April-May 2022 with the consideration that the location is a center for strawberry cultivation and the majority of the people are strawberry farmers. Marketing problems and marketing mix were analyzed by qualitative descriptive method. The method of determining respondents in this study used purposive sampling. The data used in this study are primary data and secondary data. The results showed that the problem of marketing strawberries is that there is no institution that accommodates and markets strawberries so that the marketing network in the granary is still between cities and a small portion is sent to the city of Surabaya. The weakness of strawberry fruit products is also not durable, spoils quickly, the fruit is soft so special handling is needed by speeding up the shipping process. Lumbung Strawberry has implemented a marketing mix strategy that uses 7P variables, namely product, price, place, promotion, people, packaging and process

PELATIHAN DAN PEMBINAAN KOMERSIALISASI PRODUK USAHA MIKRO AGRIBISNIS UNTUK MENGHADAPI ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0 PADA KELOMPOK TANI MEKAR KEMBALI SERENTAK DESA RAMBAHAN BATANGHARI JAMBI

Community service based on the Study Program proposed by the Agrotechnology Study Program, Agribusiness Study Program and Management Study Program of Graha Karya Muara Bulian University is Training and Coaching the Commercialization of Agribusiness Micro Business Products of the Farmer Group Mekar Kembali Rambahan Village, Muara Bulian District, Batanghari Regency, Jambi Province to Face the Era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0. This service activity was carried out because the Mekar Kembali Farmer Group is an area close to the Graha Karya Muara Bulian University Campus. On this occasion, the service that will be carried out is training and coaching the commercialization of products to agribusiness micro-enterprises in the Mekar Kembali Farmer Group, Rambahan Village, Muara Bulian District, Batanghari Regency, Jambi Province. This is done because the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 has brought changes to product commercialization methods, so in an effort to capture these good enough commercialization opportunities so that they are not inferior to similar products domestically and abroad, this community service activity is carried out. So that in the end it can expand market share, increase income, and open up new jobs. After this activity was carried out, training participants (agribusiness micro-enterprises) gained additional knowledge about good products and production, commercial products, new marketing networks and product commercialization mechanisms in the digital era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0. Service activities will continue to the coaching stage of packaging improvement, so that products can be marketed digitally

Pemberdayaan Wirausaha Terdampak Covid-19

There are many ways that can be done in entrepreneurship, one of which is cultivating catfish livestock, so that it is successful both in preparing superior seeds and quality catfish seeds and harvesting, steps that can be taken include: 1) land for fish farming catfish. It can be divided into four parts, namely: type of land, far from settlements, accessible by vehicles, and according to the size of the land; 2) choosing a pool model, which can be divided into four parts, namely: earthen pool, cement pool, drum pool, and tarpaulin pool; 3) selection of catfish seeds, including: buying quality catfish seeds, cultivating catfish seeds, sorting process, transferring catfish fry, and catfish nursery; 4) the sowing of catfish seeds is divided into: pond water quality, time of sowing the seeds, and how to sow good catfish seeds; and 5) catfish rearing process as follows: pond water management, feeding, and sorting catfish. The marketing network for catfish livestock products that must be carried out includes: 1) utilizing social media as a means to promote good yields in the form of finished goods; 2) Cash On Delivery (COD) system or pay on the spot; 3) cooperate between traders or kiosks and provide a wholesale system; 4) cooperation system between sellers; 5) offering catfish to food stalls specifically for catfish; and 6) the group leader and members set up a food stall specifically for fresh catfish.

Training and assistance processing of corn and peanut based food products

The aim of the PPDM is to increase partners' knowledge and skills in processing food made from corn and peanuts as well as knowledge of distribution permits. In addition, it also improves the quality and selling value of processed products with appropriate technology with BUMD Sillau Raya and expands the marketing network. The program carried out with the dissemination of appropriate technology, counseling, training, assistance in processing corn and peanuts, assistance in product testing, and obtaining distribution permits. The results of this program are increasing knowledge about the importance of having a distribution permit, processing food production processes more effectively and efficiently with appropriate technology, and certified and halal-labeled products.

Strategi Pengembangan Budidaya Jamur Tiram (Pleurotus ostreatus) pada Kelompok Tani Surya Hijau Suryodiningratan, Mantrijeron, Kota Yogyakarta

<em><span>The phenomenon of regional development so far is the accelerated development in urban areas which results in increasingly narrow agricultural land. The limitations of agricultural land in urban areas require creativity from agricultural stakeholders so that farming businesses can continue to run well. One agricultural actor who is quite creative in utilizing limited land in the middle of the city is the Surya Hijau farmer group. The role of the Surya Hijau Farmer Group in carrying out agricultural activities in the middle of the city with limited land is interesting enough to be studied more deeply. That's why the authors are interested in researching the development strategy of Oyster Mushroom cultivation in the Surya Hijau Farmer Group. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis, which focuses on the problems that exist in the present based on the data collected, then the data is compiled, explained and analyzed based on the relevant theory. Based on the research conducted by the author, it is known that the Surya Hijau Farmers Group has the power with the legality that has been owned, loyal human resources and low commodity prices with good product quality. Opportunities that are owned include; has an extensive market network, community support for urban farming, the possibility of developing production on member lands and the existence of government support. The weaknesses of the Surya Hijau Farmer Group include; the mushroom cultivation area belonging to the Surya Green Farmer Group is limited, the production capacity is small, the capital is limited and the cultivation technology is still simple. Meanwhile, the threats facing the Surya Hijau Farmer Group include; more experienced competitors, uncertain weather changes, Covid-19 pandemic and pest attacks. An alternative strategy that can be applied is to adjust the opportunities you have with your strengths and anticipate weaknesses through your strengths. In addition, an alternative strategy that can be used is to utilize the strengths to prevent threats and overcome weaknesses to be used as opportunities and even the strengths of the Surya Hijau farmer group.</span></em>

Peningkatan Daya Saing Beras Organik Desa Gentungan Melalui Perbaikan Kemasan dan Kemitraan Pemasaran dengan APOKAT

<p><em>Organic farming in Gentungan Village started in 2009. Organic farming activities in Gentungan Village initiated by Tani Mulyo I began targeting Tani Mulyo V. The organic rice produced by Tani Mulyo I and Tani Mulyo V has received organic certification and has received a halal label. However, in developing the marketing of Tani Mulyo I and IV products, there are several obstacles, including the low competitiveness of the products, especially the packaging that has not yet been sold, and the limited marketing reach. Some things are known from the packaging side, the problem faced is the limitations of packaging equipment. Digital-based information and marketing systems are urgently needed to reach a wider market, not only regional markets but are expected to be able to reach markets outside the region or nationally. Overcoming these problems the Program for Strengthening the Capacity of Student Organizations (PPK Ormawa team) Students Association of Pelita UNS carried out several activities, namely: (1) packaging repairs, (2) using a vacuum sealer machine, (3) building a marketing network with the Karanganyar Tentram Organic Farmers Association (APOKAT) and Kans.id, (4) evaluating and monitoring. This service activity was carried out from June-October 2022. The method used in this service includes the stages of Focus Group Discussion, packaging repair, and packaging training organic rice. This service activity aims to make Gentungan Village organic rice packaging more marketable, increase selling prices, increase income and expand marketing reach. This service activity has expected to be sustainable with the establishment of marketing partnerships.</em></p>

“Transaksi Ekonomi Modern” Multi Level Marketing dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam

The development of the times and information technology has an impact on the activities of human life. Mualia of social politics and economics. Various models and types of transactions also accompany the times, including multi-level marketing. Multi-level marketing is a type of transaction where consumers can act as marketing by becoming a member of a company that implements a multi-level marketing sales system. Members will benefit from sales and bonuses obtained for being a member. In practice, multi-level marketing often gives the impression of a transaction that can harm other parties and is even considered a transaction full of deception. Therefore this article attempts to provide an overview of multi-level marketing transactions that are permissible in Islam. In this article the researcher uses a library approach, the main source in this research is written sources in the form of books, manuscripts, documents and others. In essence, a multi-level marketing transaction is an innovation and development of the type of buying and selling transaction, therefore a multi-level marketing transaction is a legal, syar'i transaction as long as it has the principle of not containing elements of usury, not gharar, fair transparency and so on.

Management of the organization process of the company strategic partnership: marketing aspect

Introduction. The process of marketing formation of partnerships between the subjects of economic activity entering into the interaction is investigated and the methodical approach to numerical evaluation of this process is justified taking into account aspects of their production activity. As the environment becomes more complex, increasingly competitive and less predictable, a company, if it wants to survive, must operate at the higher level and involve a wide range of capabilities. Development of multiple capabilities and achieving benefits across a range of activity indicators puts managerial dilemmas at the company which cannot be solved as a simple compromise. The company must be effective today and at the same time adapt to the future; it must produce low-value goods and innovations; she needs to use the vast resources of the large corporation and demonstrate entrepreneurial talent; they must achieve high levels of reliability and consistency and be flexible adapting to changes. The purpose of the paper is to substantiate theoretical and methodological foundations and develop practical recommendations for the formation of marketing strategy of the industrial company on the basis of partnerships. Results. A methodological approach to the formation and development of the network marketing structure based on partnerships in the supply and sales channels of industrial products has been developed. The model of the organization process management of the strategic partnership of the company was substantiated, which involves highlighting of the company-integrator, which has the greatest degree of influence on the participants of the supply and sales channel on the principles of flexible partnership marketing. Conclusion. Thus, the starting point for building partnerships is to determine the specific demand, supply and other factors of the internal and external environment of the companies involved in this channel. It is expediently to determine the general approach of creating such a channel on the example of specific companies. But in order to solve the tasks of a particular company, it is necessary to develop a methodology to justify the choice of a particular form or its combinations, which provides the most rational marketing strategy for each enterprise from a number of partners in a particular industry.

Research on the Influence Mechanism of Vibrating Short Video on Young People's Consumption Behavior

With the continuous upgrading of IT and the growth of social media, short video has become one of the important ways for the public to get information in their daily life, and it also promotes the change of traditional marketing. With the increasing improvement and perfection of short video platform products and functions, the value of short video traffic has been continuously upgraded and fission, and it has gradually changed from pure entertainment at the beginning to potential cash flow such as planting grass and bringing goods. High-quality short video content has brought more business opportunities and dividends, and the short video industry has gradually been seen and paid attention by more enterprises, becoming the key area of enterprise marketing investment. As a new network marketing model, short video is developing vigorously, which has a great influence on the consumption behavior of young consumers. This paper discusses the consumption characteristics of young people, analyzes the influence mechanism of short vibrato videos on young people's consumption behavior, and puts forward some countermeasures to guide young people to establish a correct consumption view.

Construction of Enterprise Marketing Management System in Digital Economic Environment from the Perspective of Green Ecology

In the context of the digital economy, the speed of enterprise development is becoming faster and faster. To understand and establish the environment of network marketing, we must first understand the obstacles. Successful establishment depends on its promotion in society and the active participation of the government and enterprises. Only with the active cooperation of all parties can network marketing be rapidly established. At present, the marketing methods adopted by many enterprises are very traditional. These management methods are not only inefficient, but also present problems such as poor real-time information, a low degree of informatization, information asymmetry and closed marketing data. In order to address these problems, this paper proposes to use digital economic means to scientifically manage enterprise marketing. Here we examine the marketing effect of enterprises and determine the needs of consumers by constructing an enterprise marketing management system, so that enterprises can observe trends in consumer needs and consumer markets at any time, and make timely responses to markets and technological changes. We use a B/S model to build an enterprise marketing management system that can develop steadily in a green ecology. This paper mainly uses the mean clustering algorithm to analyze the performance of the enterprise marketing management system. Through the experiment, it is found that a good marketing management system can help enterprises improve economic efficiency and data processing ability. During the operation, it was found that the transaction success rate of the system reached 100%. Most enterprises responded within 1.5 s. The functional changes of the enterprise before and after the B/S architecture enterprise marketing management system were analyzed and it was found that the real-time information acquisition by enterprise employees, the sharing of marketing data, the degree of informatization of the system, the security of system information and the data processing capabilities had all been improved. Among these, the degree of informatization of enterprises improved the fastest and went from 48% to 94%. Under the enterprise marketing management system, the annual economic income of the enterprise increased by 1.35 million yuan, which was a year-on-year increase of 7.2%. The experimental data showed that under the green ecological perspective, the enterprise marketing management system based on the digital economic environment has certain practicality, which can promote the healthy development of enterprise marketing management.

The dynamical relation between price changes and trading volume: A multidimensional clustering analysis.

This paper introduces a new method to describe and analyse multidimensional time series based on wavelets. The methodology considers the time series as observations of a functional random variable. The paper generalizes previous research on stock market networks by including asset returns and volume trading as the main variables to study the financial market. The methodology is applied to examine the dynamics and structure of the Nasdaq-100 stock market during the pandemic period 2019/12-2021/12 considering both asset returns and volume trading to model the behaviour of different assets that are part of the index, applying an algorithm that offers better performance than others applied in the clustering literature. The study detects four clusters of firms corresponding with companies sharing common economic activities. The structure of the network reveals a nonlinear relationship between the variables, and the study shows that the main macroeconomic events during the period affect each cluster with different intensity. The change in the patterns of returns and risks and the redistribution of wealth in a highly changing environment are emerging phenomena, which must necessarily be carefully analyzed by public policies, in order to avoid the appearance of bubbles and systemic shocks.

Considerations Of Muslim Consumers Become A Member In Multi-Level Marketing (MLM) Business: A Case Study In Surakarta

ABSTRAK
 Multi Level Marketing adalah kombinasi dari pemasaran transaksional dan pemasaran relasional, beroperasi dengan menetapkan skema kompensasi (terdiri dari komisi dan bonus) untuk produk dan jasa yang dijual dan agen perekrutan. Ini digambarkan sebagai penjualan langsung atau pemasaran jaringan. Multi Level Marketing memiliki stigma negatif sebagai pekerjaan dengan mencari keuntungan dari memasarkan barang dan merekrut anggota baru. Namun, masih banyak masyarakat dari kalangan terpelajar dan berbagai lapisan ekonomi yang tetap memilih bergabung dengan Multi Level Marketing. Masalah kehalalan juga menjadi sorotan utama mengingat banyaknya indikasi praktik Multi Level Marketing yang tidak sesuai dengan syariah sebagaimana diatur dalam Fatwa DSN MUI No. 75 Tahun 2009. bonus, investasi, pendapatan pasif dan sebagai pekerjaan sampingan. Strategi yang digunakan anggota untuk menarik minat antara lain meyakinkan konsumen dengan produk yang dipasarkan selain mengadakan seminar kewirausahaan untuk menarik minat dan merekrut anggota

Startup Culture: MLMs, Mormons, and Entrepreneurship

Startup Culture: MLMs, Mormons, and Entrepreneurship

Time-varying targeted marketing in networks based on competitive opinion dynamics

Time-varying targeted marketing in networks based on competitive opinion dynamics