GDP Growth Research Articles

Contemporary Demographic and Economic Processes in Russia: A Statistical Analysis of Their Interaction

The article analyses the relationships between economic and demographic processes in contemporary Russia.Using index analysis, the author concluded that, in 2006–2018, a decline in the working-age population would have reduced, ceteris paribus, almost one-third of the GDP growth rate if the negative impact of this factor had not been fully compensated by an increase in the employment rate of the working-age population during this period. Growth of fertility in 2007–2015 would have led, if the influence of the situation on the labor market was eliminated, to a decrease in the number of employees by 1.2% (caused by the decline in female labor force participation rate), while fertility decrease after 2015 would have led to an increase in this number by 0.4%. Based on this estimation, it was concluded that the changes in fertility can, in the short term, have any significant impact on employment only in those types of economic activity in which the women of reproductive age make up the overwhelming majority of the employees.It has been suggested that the accumulation of socio-psychological prerequisites for a decline in fertility has led the demographic system, both in Western countries and in Russia, into a state of unstable equilibrium. The global financial crises of 2008–2009 and the 2014–2015 financial crisis in Russia upset this equilibrium and launched a mechanism for fertility decline. It is argued that in the period under consideration, the Russian economy adapted to the turbulence of the external environment more successfully than the demographic sphere

Culture goes East: Mapping the shifting geographies of urban cultural capital through major cultural buildings

Culture has become a major component of policies to put cities on the global map. This article traces the shifting geographies of urban cultural capital using the lens of major cultural buildings, such as the Guggenheim Bilbao Museum and the Louvre Abu Dhabi, which cities often mobilise to compete for attention, reputation, tourists and investment. Based on a custom-built database containing 438 major cultural buildings opened worldwide between 1990 and 2019, this article finds a strong growth in the number and total cost of these buildings throughout the three decades, far exceeding global GDP growth. What is more, there is a geographical shift from the established cities of high culture in North America and Western Europe towards Asia, with a particular concentration in China and the Gulf region. The growth of investment in culture and its fast-changing urban geographies urge a more profound integration of culture in urban studies and a deeper consideration of the role of cultural capital in making global cities.

Tesla’s Electric Future: A Comprehensive Marketing Strategy Analysis and Implementation Plan

This paper deeply explores the essence of Tesla’s marketing strategy in the field of electric vehicles, and accurately extracts three core competitiveness: brand influence, technological innovation and vertical integration of industrial chain. At the same time, it also faces the severe challenges faced by Tesla in expanding production capacity and coping with fierce competition in the market. In view of the explosive growth trend of the global electric vehicle market and the huge potential of the international market, this paper carefully planned a series of comprehensive strategic measures aimed at promoting Tesla’s continued growth. These measures not only cover the diversification of product lines, refined pricing strategies, increased investment in marketing resources and global market expansion, but also emphasize the flexible response mechanism for extreme market demand changes and deep cultivation of emerging markets to ensure Tesla’s leading position in the global electric vehicle industry and continue to lead the trend of industry innovation and development. In such a rapidly changing industry, Tesla must continuously enhance its strategic adaptability and innovation capabilities to meet the challenges of the future.

Enhancing Income for Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) through Ginger Value Addition: Opportunities, Strategies and Market Insights

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is one of the most valuable spices globally, known for its culinary, medicinal, and industrial uses. As a primary cash crop in many regions, it offers substantial income opportunities for smallholder farmers. However, the traditional farming and marketing methods often limit the potential earnings of smallholder farmers. This review explores the concept of value addition in ginger, focussing on post-harvest processing, product diversification, packaging innovations, and market expansion strategies. It further highlights how Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) can leverage these techniques to improve profitability and sustainability. The paper also discusses the challenges faced by FPOs, such as financial constraints and market access barriers, while highlighting opportunities supported by government policies and technological advancements. Advanced processing techniques, improved package, branding, and exploring new markets would achieve profitability and sustainability of FPOs. The reduction of value chain and directly paying to the farmers give opportunity to the consumers to get the ginger products at better prices.

The Development Potential and Challenges of One-Click Generative Artificial Intelligence in Cross-Border E-Commerce

This paper explores the development potential and challenges of one-click generative artificial intelligence (AI) in cross-border e-commerce. With the rapid growth of the Internet, cross-border e-commerce has seen significant market expansion, and the integration of AI technology presents new opportunities for the industry. This study analyzes the potential of one-click generative AI in cross-border e-commerce and its challenges. Reviewing relevant academic literature, the paper outlines key application scenarios of one-click generative AI, such as automatic product description generation and intelligent customer service assistants. Additionally, the study highlights the challenges associated with the technology, including issues related to semantic understanding and technological immaturity. The findings indicate that while one-click generative AI holds great potential for cross-border e-commerce, both technical and legal challenges must be addressed for its successful implementation.

Asymmetric effects of life and non-life insurance on economic growth in Saudi Arabia: A nonlinear analysis

This paper explores the asymmetric effects of life and non-life insurance on economic growth in Saudi Arabia. Quarterly data on insurance penetration rates and GDP growth from 2009 to 2022, obtained from the Global Economy, Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority, and World Bank databases, are utilized. A nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model is employed to examine the relationships between insurance and growth. The results reveal a significant and asymmetric relationship between life insurance penetration and GDP growth. Specifically, a 1% increase in life insurance penetration is associated with a 0.3% increase in GDP growth in the long run, while a 1% decrease shows no significant effect. For non-life insurance, both increases and decreases demonstrate significant but asymmetric impacts on growth. A 1% increase in non-life insurance penetration corresponds to a 0.2% increase in GDP growth, whereas a 1% decrease is linked to a 0.15% decrease in GDP growth. These findings support the ‘supply-leading’ hypothesis, suggesting that the insurance sector can play a leading role in promoting economic growth. The results provide new quantitative insights into the relationship between insurance and economic growth in Saudi Arabia, offering valuable implications for policymakers. It is suggested that the insurance industry can be leveraged to foster economic growth by promoting life insurance and managing the asymmetric impacts of non-life insurance.

The Impact of Financial Inclusion on Economic Growth in Nigeria: A Secondary Data Analysis

This study investigates the impact of financial inclusion on economic growth in Nigeria, a country where a significant portion of the population remains financially excluded despite ongoing efforts to enhance access to financial services. The problem addressed is the limited understanding of how various aspects of financial inclusion, particularly mobile money, banking services, and credit availability, affect Nigeria's GDP growth. The primary objectives of the study are to assess the current level of financial inclusion, analyze its relationship with GDP growth, and provide evidence-based policy recommendations to improve financial access and support economic development. To achieve these objectives, a secondary data analysis was conducted, employing multiple linear regression, Pearson correlation, and Granger causality tests. The findings reveal a marginally significant positive relationship between Mobile Money Subscriptions (MMS) and GDP growth, while access to formal banking services and credit availability showed no significant correlation with economic growth. These results highlight the importance of mobile money as a key driver of financial inclusion, contrasting with the limited impact of traditional banking services. Based on these findings, the study recommends enhancing mobile money infrastructure, strengthening financial literacy programs, promoting inclusive banking models, and fostering collaboration with fintech firms. Implementing these recommendations could significantly improve financial inclusion in Nigeria, ultimately contributing to sustained economic growth and enhanced welfare for the population.

Health, an ageing labour force, and the economy: Does health moderate the relationship between population age-structure and economic growth?

Abstract Research often suggests that population ageing will be detrimental for the economy due to increased labour market exits and lost productivity, however the role of population health and disability at older ages is not well established. Identifying whether the health of older people affects economic outcomes is challenging due to methodological issues. Using country-level panel data, we estimate the relationship between the size of the older working age population (aged 55-69) and economic growth across 180 countries from 1990 to 2017. We run models using annual data and 5-year moving averages of real per capita GDP growth as dependent variables. This enables us to quantify the gains in real per capita GDP growth associated with a healthy older working-age population on a country-by-country basis. The initial models confirm an inverse-U or hump-shaped relationship between population age groups and economic growth. In the 5 year average GDP growth model, the coefficient for the inverse of YLDs among 55-69 year olds is positive and significant at p < 0.01. The interaction term is significant at p < 0.001 in the same model. Across all countries, a 5% improvement in YLDs is associated with at minimum 0.3% predicted additional annual real per capita GDP growth. While a larger share of the older working-age population at ages 55-69 has historically been associated with slower real per capita GDP growth, low levels of disability in this age group can reduce or even eliminate these adverse economic effects. We consistently find a significant positive interaction between disability and the share of the population at ages 55-69, suggesting that adverse economic effects are amenable to policy intervention.

The Impact of ESG Disclosures on Financial Performance: Evidence from ASEAN-Listed Companies

With increasing global emphasis on sustainability, corporate transparency in ESG practices has become a critical factor for investors and stakeholders. This study investigates the impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) disclosures on the financial performance of listed companies in ASEAN countries. This research employs a dynamic Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) approach to address endogeneity concerns and assess the relationship between ESG disclosure and financial performance indicators such as return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and market value. Using panel data from ASEAN-listed firms over the period 2013-2022, the findings show that firms with strong historical performance tend to maintain profitability, while ESG disclosures positively influence financial outcomes by enhancing investor confidence and risk management. Larger firms benefit from economies of scale, while excessive leverage reduces profitability. Favorable macroeconomic conditions, such as GDP growth, also play a crucial role in boosting firm profitability. Policymakers should mandate ESG disclosure frameworks, incentivize sustainable practices, and provide financial support to smaller firms. Promoting responsible debt management and ensuring macroeconomic stability through favorable trade policies will also enhance firm profitability and long-term economic growth.

Hydroponic Cultivation of Spices and Aromatics: Techniques, Benefits and Challenges

The global shift towards urbanization, with 55% of the population residing in urban areas and an anticipated rise to 68% by 2050, presents challenges to traditional farming. The increasing world population, further intensifies the strain on available agricultural land due to urban expansion. Climate change combines with these issues, make conventional cultivation more challenging. Alternative agricultural practices, such as hydroponics, gain significance in addressing these concerns. Aromatic and spices have been used for centuries for their medicinal and culinary properties. They contain various essential oils, flavonoids, and other phytochemicals responsible for their distinctive flavour and aroma, as well as their health benefits. The rising global demand for natural products from herbs and spices has led to its market growth. Hydroponics, a technology for cultivating plants in nutrient solutions with or without an artificial medium such as sand, gravel, vermiculite, rockwool, peat moss, coir or sawdust, offers a promising solution. This paper explores the potential of hydroponic cultivation for planting material production, enhancing the yield, nutritional composition, essential oil content and medicinal properties of various spice and aromatic crops, including black pepper, saffron, ginger, garlic, coriander, mint, celery, fenugreek, parsley, thyme, rosemary, green mustard, basil and others. The main challenges in hydroponic production of these crops include high initial investment, precise monitoring and lack of technical knowledge. Hence by reviewing recent literature, this paper aims to provide insights into the classification of hydroponics and its different techniques, benefits and challenges of hydroponic cultivation, various growing media and nutrient solutions used, types of hydroponics utilized and their purposes in the production of diverse herbs and spices. Embracing hydroponic techniques could contribute to sustainable agricultural practices, particularly in urbanized environments where traditional farming faces constraints.

Study on Impact of Neuroeconomics Tactics used by Streaming Services Companies (Eg. Netflix, Spotify) on Genz's Purchase Intentions in Ahmedabad City

This paper reflects on how the neuroeconomics strategies employed by streaming companies, like Netflix and Spotify, affect Generation Z's purchasing intentions in Ahmedabad City. Neuroeconomics endeavors to be an integrative science that explains how neuroscience and psychology will intervene in or complement economics to develop knowledge about understanding consumer decision-making processes and those factors that influence buying behavior. Having established such neuroeconomic theories, streaming service companies then hunt them under the guise of optimized user experience with visual and auditory stimuli and tailored recommendations to keep the user interested and waiting for another subscription or purchase. The effects of such strategies are pretty important to understand for the Gen Z audience - a bunch of kids known for their tech-savvy nature and instant gratification. This paper investigates how streaming applications make use of cognitive biases arising from loss aversion to dopamine-driven reward systems and social proof influencing the buying behavior of young consumers. A mixed method approach was used on a representative sample of Gen Z youths by surveys and interviews in Ahmedabad to collect the data. Overall, the findings from this study are expected to be very informative on how neuroeconomic strategies will or will not impact the consumption behavior of Gen Z in the streaming industry. This would be followed by actionable recommendations for companies about how they can maximize their marketing efforts to resonate more effectively with this emergent market going forward. As neuroeconomics and consumer behavior begin to intermix, streaming services stand to increase users' engagement, amplify sales, and cultivate long-term customer loyalty with Gen Z among urban India.

FINANCIAL DEEPENING AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: EVIDENCE FROM BANGLADESH

The present study investigated the causal impact of financial deepening on economic growth in Bangladesh for the period of 1990 to 2022 applying cointegration analysis. The ratio of broad money to GDP, private sector credit to GDP and stock market capitalization to GDP used as proxies for financial deepening indicators in this study. Using Johansen co-integration test, the result of the study explored a positive and statistically significant relationship in the long run among the broad money to GDP, private sector credit to GDP, stock market capitalization to GDP and economic growth. Moreover, the error correction term supported the long-run association, and the variables adjust to their long-run equilibrium. The findings suggested that policymakers should promote policies that increase the money supply and market capitalization and ensure the private sector credit is channeled to the more productive sector which would help to support and boost economic growth in Bangladesh.

A comprehensive analysis of India’s electric vehicle battery supply chain: barriers and solutions

This study investigates challenges and solutions for India’s battery supply chain in the growing electric vehicle (EV) market. Key obstacles include raw material dependency, supply chain complexity, production costs, environmental impacts, rapid technological changes, and skilled workforce shortages. Methods involve reviewing current supply chains, evaluating government policies like the FAME and PLI schemes, and analyzing strategic partnerships with countries rich in lithium, cobalt, and nickel. Results show heavy reliance on imports exposes India to geopolitical risks and price volatility, while a fragmented supply chain hinders coordination and quality control. Establishing gigafactories is crucial but requires substantial investment. The study recommends enhancing domestic production, securing raw materials through exploration and international partnerships, investing in R&D for advanced technologies and alternative chemistries, and developing a skilled workforce through specialized training. Implementing these strategies will ensure a robust and sustainable battery supply chain, supporting EV market growth and positioning India as a leader in electric mobility. Further research should focus on long-term environmental impacts and the economic implications of a localized supply chain.

Macroeconomics Factors Affecting Net Exports of Oil Palm Industry in Malaysia

This quantitative study investigates the impact of oil palm production, oil palm pricing, inflation, and GDP growth rate on the net exports of Malaysia's oil palm industry. This research is aimed at analyzing how the net export of oil palm relates to certain macroeconomic variables. This study has employed multiple regression analysis through Ordinary Least Squares for 26 years of time series data from 1996 to 2020 in Malaysia. The findings from this study improve our understanding of the major factors contributing to net exports in the oil palm industry. Palm oil production, price, as well as GDP growth, drive net export of palm oil in Malaysia found during this research. An increase in production leads to the reduced amount of palm oil exported, all other things remaining constant. Conversely, inflation and GDP growth are major drivers behind the increased net export of palm oil.

Export Diversification and Economic Growth of ECOWAS Member States

Research Originality: Using the data of export diversification index which is excluded in previous studies and most the pervious only look at the relationship between ED and GDP, excluding per capita income as basics for development. Again, previous studies results are contradictory on impact of export diversification performance. Additionally, this paper provides robust empirical evidence of a positive effect of export diversification on per capita income growth.Research Objectives: This paper has the objective to examines how export diversification (ED) increase economic growth and per capita income.Research Methods: The paper achieve its objectives using, panel least technique and co-integration test are used on time series data of 1984-2022 for ECOWAS states.Empirical Results: The paper shows that the export diversification index has a significant influence on GDP growth but inverse, however, manufacturing value-added shows weak but a positive influence on the growth per capita income. Again, the paper reveals that high skewness of ECOWAS region to primary products export which could be responsible for the low growth per capita income. The finding of this is not the volume of exported products that matters, but how dynamic is exported products.Implications: The paper therefore recommends ECOWAS countries need to develop processing capability for export that comes from endogenous sufficiency.JEL Classification: C23, F10, O47, O55

A Study on the Impact of Indian Taxation on Virtual Digital Assets in India

The study explores the implications of India's taxation policies on Virtual Digital Assets (VDAs), including crypto currencies and non-fungible tokens (NFTs). With the introduction of the Finance Act of 2022, which imposed a 30% tax on VDA profits and a 1% Tax Deducted at Source (TDS) on transactions, the digital asset landscape in India has undergone significant shifts. This research examines the economic and behavioural impact of these regulations on individual investors, start-ups, and the broader VDA ecosystem. The findings suggest that the flat tax rate and TDS have led to reduced market liquidity and deterred small-scale traders, highlighting challenges in compliance and record-keeping. However, these measures also formalize the VDA market, potentially attracting institutional investors by providing regulatory clarity. The study identifies gaps in the current policies and offers recommendations to balance regulation with market growth, ensuring a sustainable future for India's VDA sector.

Impacts on Regional Growth and “Resource Curse” of China’s Energy Consumption “Dual Control” Policy

Accurately evaluating the effectiveness of the energy consumption “dual control” policy can effectively solve serious the current environmental pollution and promote ecological civilization. However, researchers have rarely considered the impacts on the regional “resource curse” of the energy consumption “dual control” policy. A dynamic computable general equilibrium model (CGE) was built to evaluate the impacts on the regional “resource curse” of the energy intensity control and total energy control policy. The results showed the following. (1) The energy consumption “dual control” policy changes the supply-and-demand relationship of factors and reduces the crowding-out effect of humans and capital. (2) The energy consumption “dual control” policy has restrained GDP growth, and the total output and total investment have declined. However, the impact in regions without the “resource curse” is remarkable. (3) The energy consumption “dual control” policy has a significant inhibitory effect on major pollutants and carbon emissions. (4) The energy consumption “dual control” policy has played a positive role in breaking the regional “resource curse”. The areas with a high and low “resource curse” have become smaller, and the areas without the “resource curse” have increased significantly. The following suggestions are made: (1) increase the flexibility of the “dual control” policy of energy consumption, (2) establish an energy consumption budget management system, and (3) accelerate the establishment of a carbon footprint management system.

The Impact of Government Expenditure on Economic Growth in Malaysia

This study experimentally investigates the relationship between economic growth and government spending in Malaysia from 1990 to 2022 using time series data. The study analyzes the impact of total government spending on economic growth, covering housing, healthcare, social services, military, and education while identifying which sector has the most effect on economic growth. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method is employed to evaluate the effects of these expenditures. The findings demonstrate that, in the short run, all variables significantly affect economic growth, hence refuting the null hypothesis. However, only trade openness and labor spending positively impact long-term economic growth. Research indicates that housing and education expenditures are the primary long-term drivers of economic growth in Malaysia. The data suggest that the Malaysian economy contradicts the Keynesian theory, as less government spending appears to improve the real GDP growth rate. The inverse relationship between government spending and economic growth indicates that government expenditure may not be the primary catalyst for economic growth, hence supporting Wagner’s law. These findings provide policymakers with essential insights for optimizing government spending to improve economic development results.

Focus Group Interview: University-Industrial Collaboration

Business innovations can introduce novel and imaginative concepts, particularly within digitalization. Innovations have the potential to stimulate the advancement of enterprises, fostering market expansion, enhancing competitiveness, and optimizing profitability. Nevertheless, the implementation of innovation may be achievable in collaboration. Collaborations and interactions between academia and industrial entities may yield improved outcomes. Nevertheless, the presence of obstacles between academia and industries could harm the long-term viability of commercial innovation. The concerns and challenges faced by local institutions and enterprises in Malaysia are examined within the framework of a case study. Data was obtained from a random sample of Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) across several industries. A focus group was conducted with 15 representatives from Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) companies and one moderator to lead the discussion. The findings from the focus group have been transcribed and analyzed based on their sharing. The rationale for focusing on CEOs was their role as critical decision-makers responsible for driving corporate innovations. The collection of perspectives from academia and industries was facilitated through face-to-face interviews. The study provided suggestions for potential avenues of future investigation.

Digital Marketing Optimization Based on 9 Core of Marketing Strategies to Support Go-Digital Herbal MSMEs and Export Markets in Utilizing the Potential of the Madiun Regency Region

Herbal Academy Group Indonesia, an MSME in Madiun, has proliferated since 2014 with herbal products that are beneficial for health. After BPOM tests and halal certification, they faced marketing and export challenges. The author proposes digital marketing optimization to increase market reach and export readiness, involving students in this activity as part of community service. This service aims to evaluate essential aspects in the digital marketing of herbal MSMEs in Madiun, including product quality, packaging, branding, and SEO, to support go-digital and export market expansion. The results of the assessment show that several areas need improvement. Solutions include digital marketing assistance and export certification to optimize global market potential. Implementing the service involves eight months of technical assistance in digital marketing and export. This service involves three stages of validation tests: material, media, and platform. The validation of the material showed an excellent assessment with an average of 84.33%, indicating that the material was relevant and precise. Media tests were also positive, scoring the highest strategy suitability and content authenticity scores. The platform's validation received excellent ratings in all aspects, including appearance, features, and regulatory compliance, with an average of 93.33%, indicating the platform's effectiveness in supporting Herbal MSMEs in Madiun. The application of technology and innovation for Herbal MSMEs in Madiun Regency. It covers digital marketing, SEO, e-commerce, and export technologies, including SCM tools and international databases.