Market Choice Research Articles

Elderly care in an aging population: The impact of parental care needs on adult children

Abstract One of the challenges of population aging is the rising demand of elder care. Adult children fill a substantial portion of this care need. To understand its implication on their labor market choices and welfare outcomes, we build a simple static model where households can spend time and money producing care. We calibrate the model using data from the American Community Survey, the Health and Retirement Study, and National Health and Aging Trends Study/National Study of Caregiving to match moments in the labor market and caregiving patterns. With the calibrated model, we consider a few government programs under a projected aging population structure. Our results show that care subsidy and Medicaid expansion both cause a shift from informal care to formal care, relieving adult children from care burdens and thus improving their welfare. Caregiver allowance appears to have little effects on caregiving behaviors, which leads to minimal welfare improvement.

Spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of tourism resources based on point of interest data.

The agglomeration and dispersion of tourist attractions in space greatly affect the development of regional tourism resources and the consumption choice of tourism market. At present, the research on the spatial distribution characteristics of tourist attractions and their influencing factors mainly adopts induction and investigation, and there is a lack of effective statistical models for the research on the spatial distribution of tourist attractions and their influencing factors in some historical and cultural ancient cities. This paper uses Internet technology to obtain the spatial distribution data of tourist attractions in Shaoxing city, and uses mean nearest neighbor analysis, nuclear density analysis, imbalance index analysis, standard deviation ellipse and other spatial statistical analysis techniques and geographical detector methods to study the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of tourist attractions in Shaoxing City. This paper studied the distribution characteristics of tourist attractions in Shaoxing city, such as spatial aggregation, distribution equilibrium and spatial orientation, and applied geographical detector to study the influencing factors of the spatial distribution of scenic spots. It was concluded that the spatial distribution pattern of scenic spots was affected by various factors such as natural environment, social environment and economic environment. The explanatory power of two-factor interaction is obviously stronger than that of single factor. The research results provide scientific basis for the planning, layout and development of tourist attractions in Shaoxing and its similar cities, and then promote the high-quality development of tourism in Shaoxing and its similar historical and cultural ancient cities.

The Interplay of Market Choices and Social Mission: Learning From B2B Social Enterprises in Emerging Economies

Social enterprises that operate in business-to-business contexts, often out of emerging economies, typically face high expectations from business clients, mainstream competition, and the challenge of operating across distances. In these contexts, social enterprises need to carefully choose which market segments to serve and how to organize their social mission accordingly. Based on the case of impact sourcing—hiring and training of disadvantaged staff for global business services—we seek to better understand this interplay. In general, we find that social enterprises in this context focus on serving either domestic clients with an implicit social mission and an integrated social enterprise model or international clients with a more explicit social mission and a decoupled model. We discuss why both main configurations represent viable social enterprise models in the outsourcing industry, and why, in particular, the professional background of founders plays a key role in these strategic choices. Our findings contribute to a more nuanced and context-sensitive understanding of social enterprise model adoption in emerging economies.

Polish Gen-Z Consumers’ Attitudes to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

ABSTRACT Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a management concept that has emerged in response to society’s growing sensitivity to the negative externalities of economic activity. The market success of contemporary enterprises is no longer determined solely by their ability to innovate and select tools for shaping their market positions, but also by their capability to define their roles within the social environment of which they are undoubtedly a part. This article aims to explore how Polish Generation Z consumers perceive and respond to CSR initiatives implemented by enterprises. Understanding their perspectives is particularly crucial, given that the attitudes, preferences, and behaviors of this demographic will soon significantly influence market landscapes and enterprises’ potential to attain success in them. The findings reveal that young Polish consumers place considerable importance on corporate social responsibility. This significance is reflected in their overall attitudes towards CSR initiatives and their willingness to actively support these efforts, such as through their market choices.

Internet use, household financial market participation and portfolio choice: evidence from China

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the impact of Internet use on household financial market participation and portfolio choice.Design/methodology/approachBased on the Chinese General Social Survey 2017 (CGSS2017), this study empirically explores whether Internet use affects household financial market participation in China with an Endogenous Switching Probit model.FindingsThe results show that households using the Internet are more likely to invest in financial markets. Further research shows that households with high Internet use are significantly more likely to participate in financial markets than households with low Internet use. From the perspective of household portfolio choice, Internet use has a certain role in increasing the probability of portfolio diversification. However, among households that have invested in financial markets, those with a high-frequency use of the Internet do not show an impact on portfolio diversification.Originality/valueThis study complements existing research about the impact of Internet use or not on household financial market decisions and portfolio choice, expands the knowledge on the household financial market choice from the respective of the degree of Internet use.

Pay for digitalization: The relationship between digital transformation and payment disparity

AbstractUsing a sample of China's A‐share listed firms from 2016 to 2021, this study empirically examines the influence of digital transformation on the pay gap within firms. Based on the optimal salary contract theory, we posit that digital transformation widens within‐firm pay gap. Conversely, based on the managerial power theory, we posit the competing hypothesis that digital transformation is negatively correlated with the pay gap. Our findings support the optimal salary contract theory, suggesting that digital transformation is positively related to the pay gap, as evidenced by an increase in executive compensation rather than a decrease in the pay of rank‐and‐file employees. These findings are robust to various checks, including alternative measurements, quantile regression model, Heckman selection model, and IV‐2SLS method. Further tests reveal that the positive relationship between digital transformation and the pay gap is more pronounced in labor‐intensive enterprises and those with lower risk‐taking abilities. This study argues that a widening internal pay gap in the digital era is a rational market choice, as evidenced by the positive impact of the within‐firm pay gap resulting from digital transformation on firms' performance. This study extends our understanding of the impact of digital transformation and enriches the literature on compensation contract design.

Optimal Internality Taxation of Product Attributes

This paper explores how a benevolent policymaker should optimally tax (or subsidize) product attributes when consumers are behaviorally biased. We demonstrate that market choices are informative about biases, which can be exploited for targeting biased consumers via a nonlinear tax schedule. We show that the properties of this schedule depend on few parameters of the joint distribution of consumer valuations and biases. Furthermore, we provide a novel justification for behaviorally motivated product standards and derive when a combination of taxes and standards is optimal. We illustrate our findings based on a numerical example from the lightbulb market. (JEL D82, D91, H21, H25, L69)

Pineapple-based agroforestry in Bangladesh: Determinants of market choice and quantity of supply decision

Agroforestry is a land-use system integrating trees, crops, and sometimes livestock, offering a promising solution for both environment and agricultural resilience. The primary objectives of the study were to examine the determinants of market choice and quantity of market supply of pineapple in the agroforestry system in the Sal-forest under Tangail district in Bangladesh. Data were collected by using stratified randomly selected 200 pineapple farmers of Madhupur sub-district in Bangladesh and conducted 15 Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and 2 In-depth Interviews (IDIs). The study employed a multivariate probit model and multivariate linear regression. The pineapple farmers simultaneously selected 3 markets to maximize their profit: local market, district market and central market. Small and medium farmers are more likely to sell their products in local markets, and large farms are more likely to sell products in central and district markets. Multivariate probit regression analysis showed that training, farm size, and farmer ambition negatively influence local market selection by farmers. Ethnicity, training, experience, farm size, and knowledge of quality requirements had a positive influence on district market selection. Investment in production and uncertainty in buyers’ stability had a negative influence on central market selection. Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that the age of respondents, total production, and association involvement positively impacted quantity of supply in the local market. Training, total production, and farmers’ ambition positively impacted district market supply. Farm size and average price of the pineapple positively impacted the quantity supply in the central market. The district and central markets offered better returns although several obstacles limited pineapple producers’ access to these markets. The uncertainty of buyers in accessing the central market (more profitable markets) needs to be addressed by stakeholders to encourage more agroforestry pineapple-based producers to select the right markets.

Perbandingan Efisiensi Bahan Bakar Pada Kendaraan Low MPV Dengan Metode Copras

Low multi-purpose vehicles have become a popular choice in the automotive market due to their combination of ample space and improved fuel efficiency. In the context of increasing environmental awareness and ever-increasing fuel costs, this study aims to compare the fuel efficiency of various low multi-purpose vehicles using the Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) method. The Copras method, as a multi-criteria decision analysis tool, is used to evaluate vehicle alternatives based on a number of predefined criteria. In this study, the main criteria considered include engine efficiency, aerodynamics, vehicle weight, and fuel technology used. The identification of these criteria is important as fuel efficiency is influenced by various complex technical factors. Relevant data was collected for the low multi-purpose vehicles to be evaluated. Once the data was collected, a Copras analysis was conducted to determine the relative ranking of each vehicle based on its fuel efficiency. This method allowed the researcher to identify vehicles that stood out in terms of fuel efficiency. The results of this study are expected to provide valuable insights for both consumers and vehicle manufacturers. Consumers can use this information to make smarter decisions when choosing a vehicle that suits their needs, taking into account the important aspect of fuel efficiency. On the other hand, manufacturers can use these findings to develop more fuel-efficient vehicles, as well as to strengthen their position in an increasingly competitive market. In addition, this study also has significant implications in an environmental context. By choosing more fuel-efficient vehicles, consumers can contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and reduce other negative impacts on the environment. As such, this research not only provides economic benefits but also supports efforts to maintain environmental sustainability

Predicting chicken-meat purchasing behaviour in traditional and modern markets in West Java, Indonesia

Abstract Food safety has become a critical problem regarding chicken meat for the Indonesian authorities since severe outbreaks of Avian Influenza. The food safety issue is associated with the market channels where the chicken meat is sold. In Indonesia, the majority of people buy their chicken meat in the traditional market which has inadequate food safety controls. Therefore, understanding the consumers’ behaviour of market choice is a good approach to know chicken-meat consumers’ intention in modern markets in the future. The study focuses more on the social-psychological and socio-demographic factors that influence the intention of consumers in West Java, Indonesia using the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). The results show that consumers in modern markets had a higher level of education, income, amount of consumption, and purchasing frequency than in traditional markets. The subjective norms were the most influential factor to the intention of buying chicken meat in modern markets, followed by the perceived behavioural control (having enough money and the convenience), and attitude. None of the socio-demographic factors were significant. The findings can be used for making the right strategy such as advertising and campaign to encourage society to buy chicken meat in modern markets.

The owner-market fit and responses to competing logics

ABSTRACT This study investigates how the owner identity of media organisations affects their response to competing professional and market logics. To this end, a qualitative comparative multiple case study was conducted in the European news media sector. Our findings suggest that not only owner identity, but also the field position of the organisation is associated with particular market choices and the priority that is given to one market over another. This in turn has consequences for the degree of tension between coalitions with competing logics. Additionally, we find that the best owner-market fit for prioritising the democratic role of the press is a journalist employee cooperative that mainly serves a subscription market. Previous research on logics has addressed the role of ownership but did not include customer and employee cooperatives. Therefore, our findings provide important new insights.

Decoding Consumer Behavior: The Role of Pricing, Branding, and Social Media in Market Choices

This study explores the impact of price, brand, and social media on consumer purchasing decisions within a regional textile market, employing a quantitative methodology. Data was collected through questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression. Findings reveal that each factor significantly influences consumer behavior, suggesting that a holistic marketing strategy incorporating these elements is crucial for enhancing consumer engagement and retention. This research highlights the importance of synchronized marketing efforts in maximizing the effectiveness of pricing, branding, and digital engagement in regional markets. Highlights : Price, Brand, and Social Media Impact: Each factor significantly affects consumer purchasing decisions, emphasizing their critical role in marketing strategies. Holistic Marketing Approach: Integrating price, brand, and social media strategies is vital for enhancing market penetration and customer loyalty. Quantitative Analysis Validation: The use of multiple linear regression confirms the strong influence of these variables on consumer choices, supporting targeted marketing tactics. Keywords : Consumer Behavior, Pricing Strategy, Brand Influence, Social Media Marketing, Textile Industry

Choice, marketing and subjectivities: A discursive-semiotic analysis of six Montessori websites

In Australia, the term ‘preschool’ generally refers to settings that cater for the education of children in the year before compulsory schooling, hence making it a pivotal site for neoliberal discourses that seek to frame preschoolers as requiring ‘school readiness’. While much research has focused on the implications of neoliberal reforms in the primary through tertiary and childcare sectors, particularly the divisive social consequences of these shifts, insufficient attention has been paid to the ‘neoliberal creep’ – to co-opt Viggiano’s term – into the lives of Australian children and their parents/caregivers.1 This paper draws on a combination of discursive, affective and semiotic analysis to investigate how neoliberal discourses work through advertising regimes to influence parental choice in the current preschool market. Through the analysis of six Montessori preschool websites, the article highlights how, through the targeted manipulation of visual and linguistic elements, marketing experts create and reinforce idealised constructions of children, which in turn, contribute to the establishment of specific discursive and affective environments. This results in a sort of ‘emotional governance’ which directly influences the relationships between marketisation, discursive subjectivities, and the classed and gendered implications of parental choice in Australia.

Boomerang children and parental retirement outcomes

AbstractAs the share of U.S. adult children living with their parents increases, it is important to understand how children who “boomerang” back home impact their parents in their pre-retirement and post-retirement years. We use data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to examine the effects of boomerang children on their parents’ labor market expectations and choices, as well as on their wealth, health, and life satisfaction. Event study analysis suggests that boomerang children return home due to short-term instabilities, such as negative shocks to marriage, income, and employment. We find that boomerang children are associated with a small increase in their parents’ subjective probability of working after age 65, and with a temporary increase in their parents’ non-housing debt. However, in the aggregate, we find no clear evidence that boomerang children impact parents’ current or future labor market choices, overall wealth, health, or life satisfaction. (We do find some evidence of an increase in hours worked among parents in the bottom wealth decile). One possible explanation for the lack of aggregate impact is that boomerang children contribute to household expenses. We find that boomerang events are associated with an increase in financial transfers from children to parents, particularly among parents in the bottom half of the wealth distribution.

Institutional Choice in the Internal Market

Institutional Choice in the Internal Market

Financial and Economic Situation and Development Features of Aviation Industry Entities

The relevance of the problem is determined by the fact that under the conditions of sanction pressure on the economy of the Russian Federation and periodic restrictions on the movement of air vehicles in international airspace, gaps arise in the continuity of functioning of aviation industry entities, creating barriers to obtaining and maximizing profi ts. The purpose of the study is to analyze the fi nancial and economic situation of aviation industry entities and determine the conditions for their further development. Materials and research methods — the systematic approach and situational analysis used in writing the article were based on processing the resources of information retrieval systems: GARANT, Consultant Plus. Also, the use of abstraction, grouping and series of dynamics of revenue, cost and profi t of the largest airlines in Russia made it possible to identify the priorities and causes of the fi nancial decline of the leaders of the national aviation market. As a result of the analysis of indicators of transport work and the aircraft fleet of the Russian air transport system, the reasons and possibilities for ensuring the availability of air transportation through the implementation of government support measures, including subsidizing the transportation of citizens and the development of regional transportation, were established. The article provides facts based on the results of the analysis of the Comprehensive Program of the current state and development of the aviation industry of the Russian Federation until 2030, among which important attention is paid to the need to achieve a gradual reduction in the number of foreign-made aircraft fl eet. The article reflects that the priority factors influencing the determination of consumer choice in the aviation market are: effective on-board technologies; network route offers and various loyalty programs for regular customers of passenger services. The authors of the article identified the reasons for the decline of PJSC Aeroflot, which was experiencing fi nancial difficulties and the risk of losses. The directions for further development of the largest airlines in Russia have been determined, taking into account «targeted» subsidizing measures and improving measures of state support for subjects of the Russian airline business.

Construction and Application of the Double Game Model for Direct Purchase of Electricity by Large Consumers under Consideration of Risk Factors

With the development of global clean energy and the implementation of carbon emission reduction policies, the direct purchase of electricity by large consumers has been increasingly promoted as a special form of electricity trading. Therefore, on the basis of the completion of low-carbon emission reduction targets in each country, how to rationalize the electricity purchase by large consumers in the electricity market so as to reduce their electricity purchase costs has become the main target of attention in each country. Currently, there are fewer studies in existing research on the direct electricity purchase strategy of large consumers under the consideration of the weight of consumption responsibility and risk. Based on this, this paper constructs a dual-game model for direct electricity purchase by large consumers based on the Stackelberg game and non-cooperative game theory. The concept of value at risk is further introduced, and the optimal strategy of direct electricity purchase by large consumers is proposed. The results of this study show that when market players make decisions on the purchase and sale of electricity, power suppliers will increase their biddings to obtain the highest returns, and large consumers can reduce the transaction costs by combining the medium- and long-term market with the spot market to purchase electricity. In the choice of electricity purchase market, with the increasing risk factor, large consumers shift from the risky spot market to the less risky medium- and long-term market and option market. This paper provides a reference for the issues of power suppliers’ contract bidding and large consumers’ electricity purchase strategy in the medium- and long-term contract transactions.

Fresh or dry maize or both: Which is most economical and preferred by farmers?

As a staple crop of great importance in sub-Saharan Africa, maize is essential for the production of food for humans and animals, particularly in the raising of poultry and livestock. Smallholder farmers in Ghana are the main producers of maize, and they frequently have difficulties in turning their crop into a sustainable source of income. As a result, there is an increasing need for these farmers to look into other options such as switching from traditional dry maize production to growing fresh maize. This circumstance calls for a critical analysis to ascertain whether producing for fresh or dry maize markets yields higher profitability. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to estimate the profitability of Ghana's fresh and dry maize markets, examine the factors influencing farmers' market choices as well as rank the production constraints. Data was collected from 390 maize farmers using questionnaires. Gross margin analysis, multinomial logit regression and Kendall's Coefficient of Concordance, were the methods of analysis. According to the study, fresh maize yields a profit of 78.00 pesewas for every GH¢ 1.00 invested, both alternatives generate 71.00 pesewas, and dry maize yields 67.00 pesewas. This implies that even though all three businesses are profitable, fresh maize cultivation stands out as the most lucrative. The results of the multinomial logit regression analysis showed that the choice of maize production systems is influenced by socioeconomic characteristics, farming experience, and loan availability. The Kendall's Coefficient of Concordance analysis confirms consensus on constraints, with lack of finance, pest issues, poor roads, and low maize prices as key challenges. According to the report, farmers may increase their profits by diversifying their crops to include the fresh maize market. Additionally, the government could assist these farmers by making financing more accessible to them through collaborations with financial institutions and specially designed agricultural loan programs.

Two-worker Households, Decentralized Employment, and Residential Segregation

AbstractThe last century was marked by a remarkable improvement in the economic position of women, as reflected in higher labor force participation and wages. This paper extends the Hybrid Tiebout models of residential choice to allow for two-worker households. Our model incorporates both residential choice and labor market choices of households simultaneously and, thus, gives us a unique opportunity to study the impact of changes in the labor market conditions for workers on residential segregation. We develop a general equilibrium model of residential choice with decentralized workplaces in which households face a trade-off among accessibility, space and a public good (education). Education is financed through property taxes, which are determined by majority voting. The quality of education is determined by the spending and the peer group effects. The model is interesting in the sense that (i) households consider the work locations of both male and female working members of the household while making residential choice decisions; (ii) the presence of decentralized workplaces offers an alternative job location to workers; and (iii) the endogenous labor supply decisions for workers. We find that the increase in educational attainment for women and the changes in wages for men and women have had a substantial impact on the spatial distribution of households across metropolitan areas and hence, segregation by income.

Towards Socially Responsible Consumption: Assessing the Role of Prayer in Consumption

The issue of socially responsible consumer behavior has been of great interest to researchers for years. It seems important to acquire knowledge about consumer behavior, especially among young people, who are a special group of consumers. In recent years, it is not only the purchasing power of young people that has been growing, but also the range of market choices they make. In this context, it is important to identify the determinants of consumer behavior to predict the directions of changes in the behavior of young people as consumers. One of the interesting research areas is determining the role of prayer, or more broadly, human spiritual development, in shaping consumer behavior. Some research suggests that there is a relationship between religion, or more precisely, religious practices and consumption. This work presents the most important definitions of a socially responsible consumer, presenting the most important aspects of this attitude. This work also presents previous research on the relationship between religiosity, prayer and consumer behavior. This research on the SRC attitude among young people was conducted using an online survey. The collected data were tested using the χ2 test of independence. Owing to the obtained results, it was possible to indicate the aspects of SRC in which the attitude to prayer is important.