Marital Maladjustment Research Articles

The Effectiveness of Positive Mindfulness Therapy on Covert Relational Aggression and Marital Life Quality of Women Suffering from Marital Maladjustment

Background and Objective: Women suffering from marital maladjustment face many problems in their married life, especially in psychological fields, including covert relational aggression and marital life quality. The present research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of positive mindfulness therapy on covert relational aggression and marital life quality of women suffering from marital maladjustment. Methods and Materials: This research was a semi-experimental with a pretest and posttest design with a control group. The research population were all women suffering from marital maladjustment who referred to counseling centers in the three cities of Tehran city in the autumn season of 2023 year; So that the sample size for each group was considered to be 20 people and these people after checking the inclusion criteria were selected by purposeful sampling method and randomly assigned into two equal groups. The experimental group underwent 10 sessions of 90 minutes of positive mindfulness therapy and the control group remained on the waiting list for therapy. To collect data were used from scales of covert relational aggression (Nelson and Carroll, 2006), marital quality life (Zhang et al., 2013) and marital adjustment (Spanier, 1976), and for data analysis were used from multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS version 26 software. Findings: The results showed that positive mindfulness therapy significantly reduced the covert relational aggression and increased the marital life quality of women suffering from marital maladjustment (P<0.001). Conclusion: According to the mentioned results, therapists, counselors and psychologists can use positive mindfulness therapy to reduce the covert relational aggression and increase the marital life quality of vulnerable groups, including women suffering from marital maladjustment.

Locations, sex and level of formal education as predictors of marital maladjustment: A case of married teachers in Nigeria

The study was premised on the high incidence of marital maladjustment among teachers in the study area. The specific objectives were to explain the joint influence of sex, locations and level of education on marital maladjustment among married teachers, establish the relationship between sex and marital maladjustment, investigate the relationship between locations and marital maladjustment and determine the relationship between the level of formal education and marital maladjustment. Thus, the independent variables were sex, location and formal educational qualifications. In this study, marital maladjustment served as the dependent variable. The sample size was 357 married teachers consisting of both males and females. Data were analysed by use of analysis of variance, correlation and coefficient of determination as well as multiple regression. However, only sex had a significant relationship with marital maladjustment. Thus, it became empirically discernible that marital maladjustment is more related to the sex of the individual teachers than locations and level of formal education. Keywords: Level of education, locations, marital maladjustment, sex;

Increased Risk of Infertility, Marital Maladjustment and Psychological Morbidity in PCOS Patients of Southern Punjab, Pakistan

Increased Risk of Infertility, Marital Maladjustment and Psychological Morbidity in PCOS Patients of Southern Punjab, Pakistan

Investigating the causes of Maladjustment in marital interactions (qualitative study)

Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate the causes of maladjustment in couple interactions. Method: This study was conducted with a qualitative method and thematic analysis method. The sampling method was purposeful and up to the point of saturation, so that 20 maladjustment couples were selected based on the entry and exit criteria and were interviewed. The research tool was semi-structured in-depth interview. Findings: The collected data were analyzed with the help of thematic analysis and MAXQDA.2018 software. After analyzing the content of the data, seven central categories were obtained, which in order of importance were the lack of communication skills (inconsistency of verbal and non-verbal behavior, weak conversation skills, vague boundaries, weak listening skills), impenetrability (lack of flexibility, lack of agreement, arrogance) lack of demarcation in the main family (triangulation, condemning, intervention), economic factors (financial problems, heavy dowry, inflation), devaluation (undervaluing, non-acceptance, judging), intolerance of distress (lack of control) Anger, acting emotionally, having hatred) and forced marriage (adherence to tribal relations, adherence to customs). Conclusion: In couple interactions, the obtained categories are the causes of marital maladjustment.

The Relationship Between Paternal Postpartum Depression and Psychosocial Variables: A longitudinal Study in Iran.

This study aimed to investigate and identify the psychosocial factors that are associated with paternal postpartum depression. A longitudinal correlation study with 150 fathers was performed with three time frames (late pregnancy, postpartum, and four weeks postpartum). The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale assessed those with depression (38.7%; n=58) and those without depressive symptoms (61.3%; n=92). Psychological variables related to paternal depression were also assessed through questionnaires. Psychological variables such as marital adjustment and stress had a significant relationship with paternal depression. In addition, depressed fathers experienced less marital compatibility and more tension than non-depressed fathers. These findings emphasize the importance of considering the psychosocial variables that affect paternal psychological health. Mental health professionals may be able to reduce mental disorders, stress, psychological distress, and marital maladjustment in fathers with appropriate psychological interventions.

A STUDY OF QUALITY OF MARITAL LIFE AMONG SPOUSES OF PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE SYNDROME

Alcohol dependence syndrome is a very common condition affecting the general population. Alcohol abuse can result in several diseases and can result in signicant phenomena like violence, road trafc accidents, and psychiatric disorders like anxiety, depression, and family disharmony. These problems are much more common in countries like India. In this single stage cross- sectional case control study, the degree of marital disharmony was grossly affected in spouses of patients with alcohol dependence in comparison to those who had spouses without alcohol dependence syndrome. Those in the study group scored higher mean scores in marital quality total score as well as 12 domain mean scores. Statistical analysis in study group showed a higher mean value (170.5) with a SD of 20.3 than the control group whose mean value was 73.4 with a SD of 10.0. Thus the study showed high degree of marital maladjustment in spouses of patients with alcohol dependence syndrome.

Effects of Emotionally Focused Therapy on Sexual Assertiveness, Marital Forgiveness, and Marital Harmony in Maladjusted Couples

Background: Marital maladjustment can have negative consequences for couples’ health and relationships. The present study aims to determine the effect of emotionally focused couple therapy (EFT) on sexual assertiveness, marital forgiveness, and marital harmony in maladjusted couples. Methods: This was an experimental study based on a pretest-posttest design with control and experimental groups. The statistical population consisted of all maladjusted couples visiting the counseling centers of Behbahan City, Iran in 2020. A total of 30 couples were selected from this population as the sample through convenience sampling and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 couples in each group). The participants in the experimental group received eight 120-minute sessions of Greenberg’s EFT. The research instruments included the sexual assertiveness questionnaire, trait forgiveness scale, and marital harmony scale. The data were statistically analyzed using the one-way and multivariate analyses of variance via the SPSS software, version 25. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the experimental and the control group in terms of sexual assertiveness, marital forgiveness, and marital harmony (P<0.001). EFT significantly increased the sexual assertiveness, marital forgiveness, and marital harmony of couples in the experimental group. Conclusion: The findings demonstrated the positive effects of EFT on sexual assertiveness, marital forgiveness, and marital harmony of maladjusted couples. Therefore, the EFT can be recommended as an effective intervention to improve sexual assertiveness, marital forgiveness, and marital harmony in couples with marital conflict.

MARITAL MALADJUSTMENT AND DISPOSITION IN ANITA DESAI’S ‘BYE-BYE BLACK BIRD’

Literature is one of the most prevailing and ancient ways of understanding life as well as the world. Especially women and literature are clearly related to each other because women writings revealed the true state of society and its treatment of women. Unlike other writers Anita Desai didn't use conventional and not influenced by folk tales, myths and epics but presented her novels in realistic manner by adapting current problems related to woman-man relationship, cultural conflicts, disposition, mangled psyche and marital maladjustment. Bye- Bye Black bird is such a novel. The story deals with two main characters Dev and Adit in London. Adit an Anglophile turns into a hopeless nostalgic returnee and Dev an Anglophobe turns into a hopeful Anglicized inhabitant of London. Sarah, an English woman, moves away from her parents and marries Adit. The Conflict idea between the Indianess of Adit and Sarah’s own Western self runs in her mind throughout the novel. This paper mainly aims to analyze marital maladjustment in Anita Desai’s Bye- Bye Black Bird."

The Relationship of Anxiety Level to Marital Adjustment and Sexual Satisfaction in Pregnant Women

Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate whether anxiety levels were related to marital adjustment and sexual satisfaction in pregnant women. Methods: The prospective study was conducted at a gynecology and obstet¬rics outpatient clinic between June and August 2020 and included 70 pregnant women. The Turkish versions of the Marital Adjustment Scale (MAS), the Golombok–Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were used to evaluate the participants. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Spearman correlation tests were used to evaluate the normal distribution of the data and the relationship between the BAI and the GRISS and MAS, respectively. Results: The mean participant age was 27.97±3.83 years. Of all participants, 47.1% had a high school degree, 70% had an income of ₺3000 to ₺10000, 68.6% were working women, and 31.4% were smokers. Fifty-two (74.3%) had been married for 1 to 3 years. The mean BAI score was 10.66±9.45, indicating mild anxiety. The mean MAS score was 37.71±10.11, indicating mari¬tal maladjustment. The mean GRISS score was 31.30±12.28, which indicated no sexual dys¬function. We found a negative correlation between anxiety and marital adjustment (p=0.020) and a positive correlation between anxiety and sexual dysfunction (p=0.006). Conclusion: The anxiety level of pregnant women can be affected by marital adjustment and sexual satisfaction. Pregnant women with marital maladjustment should be assessed for anxiety in pregnancy during their visits to healthcare centers.

A pathway to negative acculturation: marital maladjustment mediates the relationship between the length of residency and depressive symptoms in immigrant women in Taiwan

BackgroundImmigrant women in Taiwan experience a variety of acculturative and marital problems that result in a mental-health problems. We examined the mediational effect of marital adjustment on the relationship between acculturation and depressive symptoms in immigrant women in Taiwan.MethodsAll participants (N = 127) were interviewed to collect data regarding their basic sociodemographics, depressive symptoms, acculturation (using language proficiency and years in Taiwan as indicators), and marital adjustment. We used a Sobel test to examine how marital adjustment mediates the relationship between acculturation and depressive symptoms.ResultsOur results indicated that an increased length of residency exacerbated depressive symptoms (β = 0.62, p = 0.03) and that this relationship contributed, in part, to the mediational effect of marital adjustment. That is, marital adjustment deteriorated with the length of residency (β = − 0.26, p = 0.0013), resulting in the development of depressive symptoms (β = − 0.95, p = 0.0013).ConclusionAlthough the duration of residency may be useful as a proxy for acculturation in the assessment of some health outcomes, our findings imply that it is better to conceptualize it as a cumulative stress when considering the mental health of immigrant women. Marital maladjustment acts as a mediator in this relationship. As such, it is important to provide immigrant families with programs and resources to assist them in adapting to their marriages and to improve the mental health of immigrant women.

Explaining the Marital Adjustment Process in Iranian Women: A Grounded Theory Study

Background: Marital adjustment has a positive effect on the physical and mental health of family members. The purpose of this study was to explain the process of marital adjustment in Iranian women. Methods: This research is based on qualitative data analysis using the grounded theory method. Theoretical and purposeful sampling was used for data collection. Sampling continued until theoretical saturation. A total of 15 women from Ahvaz participated in the semi-structured interview. Interviews were analyzed using the Strauss and Corbin comparative method. Results: By open coding, 17 primary codes, and axial coding, 9 major themes, related to marital adjustment were obtained. Marital adjustment: An incentive to maintain marital life were extracted as the central category influenced by contextual, causal, and confounding conditions. Contextual conditions include emotional bonding with parents and spouse. Causal conditions are an emphasis on self and relationship with another and how to express self in the relationship. Interfering conditions include a relationship with the main family, spouse, and social comparison. Strategies include defense mechanisms and empathy. The consequences of marital adjustment were also the sense of security and comfort. Conclusion: Marital adjustment can be considered in curing marital maladjustment and conflicts and help therapists to have a better understanding of marital dynamics.

Family Disorganization - A Social Problem in Karnataka

The Family is as a basic unit of society. According to August Comte family is a primary unit of the society. It a has link between individual and community. It is made up with parents and their children, who come from the same ancestor and living together in the same household. Family disorganization means breaking family relations, family crisis, bracken of marriage relationships, family dissolution, marital maladjustment, dissertation, separation, divorce etc,. It is called the conflict in marriage between family members. It is global problem. Marital conflict is inevitable and become part and parcel of life today but should handle carefully. Many disorganized people do not have the social stigma. The main reason for this is lack of adoption and understanding between couples. It effects on families parents, dependents and children. Some children from disorganized homes grow up to become social misfits and later graduate into delinquents and criminals. They may be maladjusted with people. According to Tim and Joy Downs in their book, The Seven Conflicts, couples who never learn how to effectively manage their conflicts begin a series of stages in their relationship that can ultimately destroy it.

Marital adjustment in patients with emotionally unstable personality disorder

ABSTRACT Back Ground: Personality disorders especially Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder (EUPD) may lead to significant marital discord. Though the incidence of separation and divorce are on the rise the problem of underlying personality factors are not given much significance and inadequately studied. Among the personality disorders EUPD is the one that is more likely to be associated with marital discord and separation. Objective To study the marital adjustments of patients with emotionally unstable personality disorder Methodology This cross-sectional study was done in individuals between 18 to 45 years and diagnosed as having EUPD as per ICD 10 DCR criteria, currently staying with their spouse, attending psychiatry department during the study period. Details were collected, Locke Wallace marital adjustment scale was administered, and Chi-square test was used to compare the relevant variables. Results 35 % of the the Sample (n= 34) EUPD subjects reported significant marital dissatisfaction. Co morbid psychiatric disorders were obtained in 23.5% of sample. Association between type of marriage and marital adjustment was found to be significant .41.2% received some kind of psychosocial intervention. 70.6% of the spouses had history of substance use and 23.5 % had history of psychiatric illness. No significant difference in MAT severity was found between EUPD subtypes. Conclusion Study found high level of marital maladjustment among subjects with EUPD.

The Physician and the Sexual Revolution.

IN the field of sex education physicians have been lagging. They have not been exercising their influence to the fullest degree. Yet sexual and marital maladjustment is a major health problem. The development of healthy sex attitudes must begin with sound education in childhood. The object of this paper is to consider, from the standpoint of emotional health, the current sexual revolution, with its emphasis on freedom and permissiveness for the adolescent. At a recent meeting on planned parenthood an eminent physician is reported to have said, Parents are becoming more sophisticated. They know, for example, that their son or . . .

Partner relationships and the raising of a temperamentally difficult infant

Abstract This paper explores marital adjustment among couples raising a temperamentally difficult infant. Employing a multiple case study methodology we conducted ten interviews with six couples. The parenting distress these couples experienced meant they were at higher risk of marital maladjustment. Four couples experienced marital crisis, resulting in the separation of one couple. Our analysis suggests that reference to “insufficient father involvement” during the interviews signaled problems with the mother’s satisfaction and marital adjustment. We found that mothers consider four specific aspects of paternal behavior as constituting involvement: 1. the father caring for the child in the mother’s presence, 2. the father caring for the child on his own, 3. the father sleeping in the same room as the mother and baby, and 4. the father being psychologically involved and supportive.

Three-factor Predictors of Marital Adjustment among Couples in Abeokuta Metropolis, Ogun State, Nigeria

The importance of couples understanding their personality characteristic is germane to marital bliss and adjustment. This study examined self-esteem, emotional intelligence and coping skills as predictors of marital adjustment among couples in Abeokuta metropolis. This study adopted a non-experimental ex-post facto research. It is also correlative in nature. The target population for the study comprised all the married persons in Anglican Communion Churches in Abeokuta South and North Local Government Areas in Ogun State, Nigeria. Using simple, random sampling technique a total of fifteen married persons were selected from each of the churches, making a total of three hundred and thirty, married persons (330) from Abeokuta North and South Local Government Areas, Ogun State. The study used four instruments Coping Style Questionnaire (CSQ), Self-Esteem Scale Questionnaire (SESQ), Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (EIQ), and Marital Adjustment Questionnaire (MAQ) to generate data for the study. Frequency counts and percentage were used for presenting the data obtained from the questionnaire. Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression analysis were used for testing the null hypotheses. The result shows that there is no significant relationship between coping style and marital adjustment, that there is no significant relationship between self-esteem, emotional intelligence, and marital adjustment. The study recommended among others that couples should endeavor to accentuate attitude of co-operative understanding, valuing partnership, demonstrating trust, general good will towards one another and positive values in their marriage while family counselors should organize workshops, seminars and conferences whereby couples would be sensitized on causes of marital adjustment and resolution strategies for resolving marital mal-adjustment.

Domestic Violence

Domestic violence is a major area of concern when it comes to issues of women. Domestic violence is a form of violence by a person to hurt one’s spouse or partner either physically, psychologically or sexually. Though its outcomes are primarily related to physical health, but its causes and secondary outcomes are psychological as well as sociological. This review paper focuses on psychological causes and outcomes of domestic violence underlined in previous studies. Need for power and control, low self esteem, personality traits, gender role stereotypes, patriarchal beliefs, gap in spousal education and employment, marital maladjustment, alcohol consumption by husband, unemployment, attitudes towards women are some of the socio-psychological factors leading to domestic violence. Outcomes of domestic violence are equally harmful for women and their children. It has been noted that women who face domestic violence are at greater risk for mental health disorders. Education and higher socio-economic status of husband and wife are protective factors against domestic violence to some extent. Some recent research has also focused on domestic violence against men and domestic violence in same gender relationships, but there are a very few studies emphasizing on these two issues in India. It can be concluded that domestic violence is leaded by many interlinked psychological and sociological factors and its outcomes are dangerous for the victims.

Marital Maladjustment in Infertile Couples Who Referred to Ghadir Mother and Child Hospital, Shiraz

Background: Twenty percent of married couples at reproductive age suffer from infertility. This common problem might cause significant problems in couples’ mental health and quality of life. Objectives: Accordingly, the goal of the present study is to evaluate the frequency of marital maladjustment in these patients in Shiraz, Iran. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 100 infertile couples (with a mean age of 33.39 ± 6) randomly selected from those referred to Ghadir Mother and Child hospital, from March 2011 to March 2012. All of them completed the dyadic adjustment scale (DAS) and a demographic questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, using frequency, percent, and t-tests. Results: All the patients declared that they had maladjustment in their marital relationship. Although the cut-off point of the questionnaire is 100, the mean score was 51.32. This maladjustment revealed no gender differences, but in the dyadic consensus score, patients who lived in urban areas and were employed had a significantly higher mean than those who resided in rural areas and were unemployed. In addition, highly educated couples had a higher level of marital adjustment. Conclusions: Marital adjustment is one of the most important factors impacted by the infertility of one or both partners. Marital adjustment impairment is affected by the social, economic, and demographic characteristics of couples. Strategies that target lifestyle modifications may improve the marital life of infertile couples and save their marriages from corruption.

The Effectiveness of Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy on Sexual Satisfaction and Marital Adjustment of Infertile Couples with Marital Conflicts.

The purpose of this investigation is to determine the efficacy of emotionally focused couples therapy (EFT-C) on enhancement of marital adjustment in infertile couples. This was a semi-experimental study with a pre- and post-test design. We selected 30 infertile couples (60 subjects) by purposive sampling. Couples were randomly assigned to two groups, sample and control. Each group consisted of 15 couples who had marital maladjustment and low sexual satisfaction. Couples answered the marital adjustment and sexual satisfaction questionnaires at baseline after which the sample group received 10 sessions of EFT-C. Results of pre-test and post-test showed that EFT-C significantly impacted marital adjustment and sexual satisfaction. EFT-C had a significant effect on enhancement of satisfaction, cohesion and affectional expression. This approach impacted physical and emotional sexual satisfaction of infertile couples.

Intimate Partners and Multifaceted Violent Behaviour in Pakistan

Intimate partners’ violence is a common occurrence in Pakistan. It has been affected by a host of factors, which are undergoing change with time. This paper is based on forty cases of married couples, some of whom are no more living together. The study highlights various aspects of IPV, including: economic abuse, drugs abuse, psychological complications, marital jealousies, consequences of love or arranged marriage, in-laws’ provocations, sexual jealousies, marital maladjustment, long-distance migration, disability, children’s issues, and tribal/feudal background. As more and more women are getting empowered through socioeconomic processes of change, they do find more options affordable in lieu of a violent and unhappy marriage. The new level of awareness has also helped non-earning women to step out of marriage if it becomes unbearable for them. In this way men also become aggrieved party, hence male victimization is also becoming noticeable. Male victims’ cases are now also highlighted in print media but these are not discussed in academia. This paper presents the IPV situation of a section of Muslim society, ethnically diverse, economically segregated, largely urban, having the aspiration of becoming a developed modern nation, thereby passing through a transition. The findings are presented in a model which may apply to similar social conditions elsewhere.