Marine Food Production Research Articles

Moving beyond agriculture and aquaculture to integrated sustainable food systems as part of a circular bioeconomy

The objective of this perspective paper is to present and discuss how systemic innovations can deliver a step change in the way food is produced in Europe. The production of healthy, safe and affordable food can contribute toward a just transition to net zero carbon (C) for Europe. A systemic and cross sectorial approach can contribute to climate mitigation by transfer of atmospheric CO2 to the terrestrial biosphere using low trophic species (LTS), including plants, seaweed and mussels (i.e. C sequestration) and increasing organic C stocks in soils and vegetation biomass (i.e. C storage). Innovative combinations of technologies applied to LTS, processed animal protein, new crops, and diversified and integrated production systems can link the high primary productivity rates of the marine environment to the C storage capability of the terrestrial food sector. Furthermore, the important roles of both private and public sector actors and better use of systemic approaches to further elucidate the multi-dimensional and multi-level interplays in complex food systems needs consideration. This can pave the way for linking and scaling up C-neutral marine and terrestrial food production systems into a future sustainable and circular bioeconomy. This systems-based approach can address some of the challenges associated with the current farming systems, as interdisciplinary research on aquaculture innovation can support the development of a resilient and sustainable food system. Examples of technologies provided include: a custom configured and digital user-oriented co-creation approach for Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI), a WebGIS tool on soil C storage, innovative composting methods, advanced breeding methods, new machinery for low greenhouse gas diversified orchard farming, AI model systems to improve decision support systems in management of soil, vertical farming, and animal feeding.

The carrying capacity of the seas and oceans for future sustainable food production: Current scientific knowledge gaps

AbstractThe expected increase in global food demand, as a consequence of a rising and wealthier world population, and an awareness of the limits and drawbacks of modern agriculture, has resulted in a growing attention to the potential of the seas and oceans to produce more food. The capture production of presently exploited marine fish stocks and other species has more or less reached its maximum and can only be slightly improved by better management. This leaves four alternative options open to increase marine food production: (1) manipulating the entire food web structure via removal of high trophic level species to allow an increasing exploitation of low trophic level species, (2) harvesting so far unexploited stocks, such as various fish species from the mesopelagic zone of the ocean or the larger zooplankton species from polar regions, (3) low‐trophic mariculture of seaweeds and herbivorous animals, and (4) restoration of impoverished coastal ecosystems or artificially increasing productivity by ecological engineering. In this paper, we discuss these four options and pay attention to missing scientific knowledge needed to assess their sustainability. To assess sustainability, it is a prerequisite to establish robust definitions and assessments of the biological carrying capacity of the systems, but it is also necessary to evaluate broader socio‐economic and governance sustainability.

Mediterranean Sea heatwaves jeopardize greater amberjack’s (Seriola dumerili) aquaculture productivity through impacts on the fish microbiota

Climate change is dramatically increasing the frequency and severity of marine heatwaves (MHWs) in the Mediterranean basin, strongly affecting marine food production systems. However, how it will shape the ecology of aquaculture systems, and the cascading effects on productivity, is still a major knowledge gap. The present work aims to increase our understanding of future impacts, caused by raising water temperatures, on the interaction between water and fish microbiotas, and consequential effects upon fish growth. Thus, the bacterial communities present in the water tanks, and mucosal tissues (skin, gills and gut), of greater amberjack farmed in recirculatory aquaculture systems (RAS), at three different temperatures (24, 29 and 33 °C), were characterized in a longitudinal study. The greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) is a teleost species with high potential for EU aquaculture diversification due to its fast growth, excellent flesh quality and global market. We show that higher water temperatures disrupt the greater amberjack’s microbiota. Our results demonstrate the causal mediation exerted by this bacterial community shifts on the reduction of fish growth. The abundance of members of the Pseudoalteromonas is positively correlated with fish performance, whereas members of the Psychrobacter, Chryseomicrobium, Paracoccus and Enterovibrio are suggested as biomarkers for dysbiosis, at higher water temperatures. Hence, opening new evidence-based avenues for the development of targeted microbiota-based biotechnological tools, designed to increase the resilience and adaptation to climate change of the Mediterranean aquaculture industry.

A Global Overview of Aquaculture Food Production with a Focus on the Activity’s Development in Transitional Systems—The Case Study of a South European Country (Portugal)

World aquaculture food production rises every year, amounting, by 2018, to another all-time record of 82.1 million tonnes of farmed seafood, with Asia leading global production. In Europe, although coastal countries present historical fishing habits, aquaculture is in true expansion. Norway, the leading European producer, is the eighth main producer worldwide. Portugal is a traditional fishing country but has invested in the development of aquaculture for the past decade, attaining, by 2018, 13.3 tonnes produced, making Portugal the 16th main producer amongst European Union member states that year. Most Portuguese aquaculture facilities operate in coastal systems, resorting to extensive and semi-intensive rearing techniques. In Portugal, marine food production in transitional systems is particularly interesting as the practice has, worldwide, been continuously substituted by intensive methods. In fact, facilities in transitional systems have developed over time and products gained higher commercial value. Clams and oysters corresponded, together, to over three quarters of total mollusc production in Portugal in 2018, while gilthead seabream and European seabass made up nearly all fish production in coastal environments. The state of aquaculture practices worldwide is reviewed in the present work, providing a particular focus on Portugal, where considerable development of the aquaculture sector is expected.

Effect of the marine system on the pressure of the food–energy–water nexus in the coastal regions of China

Food, energy and water are important resources for national development and human life, the conflicts among three have become more acute especially in coastal regions, but most existing studies focused on land. To investigate the effects of marine resources on relieving the pressure of the food–energy–water (FEW) nexus in the coastal regions of China and its state changes, the concept and computing method of marine equivalent food, energy, and water resources was proposed to quantify the supply of marine resources, meanwhile, this study constructed a pressure index model of food, energy, and water resources from the perspective of average possession of resources. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first FEW nexus study based on a marine resource perspective. The results shown that, during the study period, (1) Fujian had the most marine equivalent food production accounts for 44% of the terrestrial food yield; the marine equivalent energy made Shandong and Hainan to be a major province of energy; and marine equivalent virtual water was equivalent to 6% of the annual water consumption. (2) the food pressure in the south of the Yangtze River was much higher than that in the north; the water pressure was the opposite, and the energy pressure was high in all coastal regions of China. Considering the supply of marine resources, the FEW nexus pressure was alleviated by more than 10% in nearly half of the coastal provinces and cities. Moreover, valuable suggestions were propounded to each area targeted, which provide references and suggestions for alleviating the pressure of the FEW nexus not only in China's coastal region, but also have implications for resource flows in other regions. Also, the findings of this study contribute to a more comprehensive understanding and protection of the ocean, and promote regional sustainable development.

Bioink hydrogel from fish scale gelatin blended with alginate for 3D‐bioprinting application

Nowadays, bioink from natural hydrogel polymer has been used in 3D bioprinting because it is suitable for the in vitro biological growth of human cells. In this work, the blending bioink hydrogel was prepared from fish scale gelatin and sodium alginate from marine bioproducts, fabricated for cell growth. The scaffold was printed with bioink by the 3D-bioprinting method, and samples have tested the printability and physical properties. We found that the best sample, which was prepared from fish scale gelatin at 6 and alginate at 11% (w/v), exhibited 97% of printing accuracy, 538% swelling ratio, and 133 kPa of compressive strength. HaCaT cells, the keratinocyte cell line from adult human skin, were printed together with fabricated bioink and investigated cell viability in a 3D scaffold. The bioink containing cells shows viability with an increasing cultivation time. Therefore, fish-scale-derived bioink hydrogel has biological compatibility with nontoxicity, suitable for scaffold in the 3D-bioprinting application. Practical applications The production process and the cost of producing gelatin bioink for bioprinting are now quite expensive. We proposed the bio-functional inks from low-cost materials to reduce costs by using fish scale gelatin from marine food production waste and alginate from seaweed. The gelatin/alginate hydrogel blend produced from fish scales also has properties similar to the porcine gelatin blend used in the current biological inks in tissue engineering applications. Therefore, the key potential usage can be initially applied in the fabrication of tissue skin graft encapsulated with keratinocyte human cells or growth factor for chronic wound healing as a wound dressing substitute.

Limits to food production from the sea.

Mariculture has attracted much attention as a potential new source of food. Yet, the trophic efficiency of marine ecosystems is already high, making further improvements hard to achieve. Increasing marine food production may be possible by fishing at lower trophic levels, but the risks of such a practice must be considered.

The potential stocks and carbon uptake by seagrass meadows at Pari Island, Kepulauan Seribu, Indonesia

The development of human civilization during the last century has increased carbon dioxide content in nature that will contribute to global climate change. However, ocean water will reduce this increase by absorbing CO2. The increasing CO2 content in the ocean could decrease pH and carbonate ion, which will have negative impacts on the life of marine organisms, food production and human life. Seagrass meadows through photosynthetic processes could absorb CO2 and store carbon in large amounts for an extended period. This process could be the strategic way of resolving global climate change. The purpose of this research was to identify the species of seagrass, quantify the density and coverage of seagrass, and calculate biomass and carbon stock in seagrass meadows at Pari Island, Kepulauan Seribu. The research was carried out in February 2019. This research used quantitative field observation with the purposive sampling method. Samples were collected from 3 locations with nine stations. The obtained samples were analyzed at the Laboratory of Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University. Carbon and sediment samples were analyzed using Loss in the Ignition (LOI) method. The results showed that there are three species of seagrass in Pari Island, i.e. Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, and Cymodocea rotundata. Total density value was 129.19 individual m−2 and total coverage value was 62.59%. Total stock potential of carbon value in Pari Island was 87.80 ton per ha with total area of seagrass meadows of 3.48 ha. Silty-sands mainly dominated sediment textures. It can be concluded that seagrass meadows are potential habitats to control CO2 concentration in coastal waters and to hold the rate of climate change.

Development of a marine food production area

Development of a marine food production area

Resource (Light and Nitrogen) and Density-Dependence of Seaweed Growth

Seaweed aquaculture is a rapidly growing component of marine food production, but the capacity to control seaweed growth lacks behind that of land agriculture. Seaweed growth requires nutrients, acquired from dissolved pools through their fronds, and light, and, as may also be density-dependent, but general relationships between seaweed growth, nutrient concentration and incident irradiance are not yet available. We used a dataset of 1729 experimental assessments of seaweed specific growth rates and density under various nutrient and irradiance levels retrieved from the published literature to examine the relationship between seaweed growth, density, irradiance and nutrient concentration. This analysis confirmed strong density-dependence of seaweed specific growth rates, and further confirmed that nutrient and irradiance limitation strongly impose density-dependent seaweed growth. These findings demonstrate that nutrient and irradiance limitation modulate density-dependent seaweed growth, and can help maximize growth rates in seaweed aquaculture, a rapidly growing component of global aquaculture production, by manipulating stocking density where nutrients are scarce and/or underwater light penetration poor.

Characteristics and Resource Potentials of Nigerian Atlantic

This paper presents an updated understanding of the Nigerian Atlantic waters in terms of the offshore characteristic and the potentials that these characteristics provide for the people of the nation and the continent at large. The wind, wave, swell and current data studied were provided by Shell Nigeria for some periods between 1979 and 1983.General characteristic consideration of wind, wave, swell and current is made for the Nigerian Atlantic waters and in particular Bonny Offshore, Forcadoes Offshore, Asabo Offshore and Bonga Offshore. Inference from the results in terms of use of the Atlantic for renewable energy sources and marine food production based on a proposed offshore technology is described. It is noted that the Nigerian Atlantic is relatively mild and benign with low average velocity of 0.3 m/s running at about 3 meters above ocean bottom. This paper further discusses efforts made to reinvent the use of vertical axis turbine for use in such low underwater current velocities of 0.3 m/s which is perhaps the least flow velocity of ocean water in the world.

Bivalves boost biodiversity

Bivalves boost biodiversity

Histopathological characteristics, pathogen, and drug sensitivity of vibrionic necrosis disease in the golden cuttlefish ( Sepia esculenta )

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 金乌贼幼体弧菌性坏死病的病原、组织病理特征和药物敏感性 DOI: 作者: 作者单位: 1. 上海海洋大学水产与生命学院 上海 201306;2. 农业农村部海水养殖病害防治重点实验室, 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室, 海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室, 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所, 山东 青岛 266071 作者简介: 安沛(1991-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为水产动物疾病防控.E-mail:762056765@qq.com 通讯作者: 中图分类号: S947 基金项目: 山东省自主创新与成果转化专项（2014ZZCX06205）；山东省海洋经济创新发展区域示范项目. Histopathological characteristics, pathogen, and drug sensitivity of vibrionic necrosis disease in the golden cuttlefish (Sepia esculenta) Author: Affiliation: 1. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;2. Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs;Qingdao Na-tional Laboratory for Marine Sciences and Technology, Laboratory for Marine Fisheries and Food Production Processes;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:对青岛市黄岛区人工繁育金乌贼（）苗种大规模坏死病进行了病原、组织病理、传播途径和防控药物研究。发病金乌贼幼体不摄食，生长缓慢，体色发黑；体表、肌肉、口腕、触腕及内脏团大面积溃烂，死亡率高达90%；组织病理学显示：患病金乌贼皮肤色素细胞崩解，肌丝断裂，鳃丝崩解，肝细胞大量坏死脱落，肠道微绒毛脱落；从患病金乌贼分离出3株优势菌（SE-A、SE-B和SE-C），人工感染实验表明，SE-B、SE-C对金乌贼半数致死量分别为3.98×106 CFU/mL和8.91×105 CFU/mL，有较强致病力，为该病的致病菌；根据细菌形态、生理生化和16S rDNA序列分析将SE-B和SE-C鉴定为溶藻弧菌（）。分析金乌贼幼体、育苗用水和生物饵料糠虾的病原菌来源、分布和优势度，发现致病菌主要由糠虾携带进入育苗系统。分析了2株致病菌的药物敏感性，SE-B对强力霉素和氟苯尼考等敏感，对链霉素、庆大霉素等耐药；SE-C对氟苯尼考和罗美沙星等敏感，对新霉素和克拉霉素等耐药。 Abstract:The golden cuttlefish () is a rising aquaculture species with high economic value in China. A disease with necrosis symptoms in golden cuttlefish larvae emerged in a hatchery in Huangdao District, Qingdao. In this study, the pathogen was isolated and identified, the histopathology was investigated, and its route of transmission and sensitivity to different antibiotics were tested. The symptoms included anorexia, slow growth, and a dark body. In addition, the skin, muscles, oral arm, tentacular arm, and the internal organs were extensively ulcerated, and the mortality reached as high as 90%. Histopathological analysis showed that the chromatophore and the gill filament structure were disintegrated, the myofilament was broken, a large number of hepatic lobule epithelial cells were necrotized, and the microvilli of intestinal epithelial cells were shed off. Three dominant bacteria (SE-A, SE-B, SE-C) were isolated from the diseased golden cuttlefish larvae. Artificial infection experiments illustrated that the strains of SE-B and SE-C were the causative pathogens with a median lethal dose of 3.98×106 CFU/mL and 8.91×105 CFU/mL, respectively. Based on morphological observations, and physiological, biochemical, and molecular analyses (16S rDNA), SE-B was identified as . The analysis of the transmission route demonstrated that the two pathogens present during golden cuttlefish breeding were mainly carried by . The chemotherapeutant sensitivity tests illustrated that SE-B was sensitive to doxycycline and florfenicol, etc., while it was insensitive to streptomycin and gentamicin, etc. SE-C was sensitive to florfenicol and lomefloxacin, etc., while it was insensitive to neomycin and clarithromycin, etc. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Physiological role of the growth axis in embryonic development and early growth of Cynoglossus semilaevis

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 生长轴对半滑舌鳎早期生长发育的调控作用 DOI: 作者: 作者单位: 1. 上海海洋大学水产与生命学院, 上海 201306;2. 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所, 山东 青岛 266071;3. 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室, 海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266071 作者简介: 张雅星(1993-),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为鱼类生长调控机制.E-mail:15003805828@163.com 通讯作者: 中图分类号: S917 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项（2017YFE104400）；国家自然科学基金项目（31502145）；国家海水鱼产业技术体系项目（CARS-47）；农业部"一带一路"沿线热带国家水产养殖科技合作项目. Physiological role of the growth axis in embryonic development and early growth of Cynoglossus semilaevis Author: Affiliation: 1. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;2. Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;3. Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:为深入了解生长轴（GH/IGF axis）对半滑舌鳎（）生长发育的调控作用，采用定量PCR方法研究了GH/IGF轴5个关键生长因子（GH、GHR1、GHR2、IGF-I、IGF-Ⅱ）在配子、胚胎发育和仔稚幼鱼生长过程中的差异表达调控特性。结果显示，这5个生长因子都具有亲本遗传的特性，除GH外，精子中其他4个生长因子转录表达水平均显著高于卵子。在胚胎发育阶段，GH mRNA在胚胎发育各时期均有表达，且在细胞分裂初期和孵化期表达水平较高。GHR1和GHR2 mRNA在胚胎发育各时期呈现相似的表达水平变化趋势，除囊胚期和原肠胚期外，GHR1 mRNA的表达量均高于GHR2。IGF-I和IGF-Ⅱ mRNA在胚胎发育各时期均表达，IGF-I在孵化期表达水平最高，IGF-Ⅱ在胚体下包2/3期和孵化期表达水平最高。除64细胞期和128细胞期外，IGF-Ⅱ mRNA的表达量均显著高于IGF-I（<0.05）。在仔稚幼鱼生长阶段，GH mRNA表达水平从孵化后3 d开始显著升高，到6 d时达峰值。GHR1 mRNA表达水平自6 d开始显著升高（<0.05）。IGF-I mRNA在3 d表达水平最高，IGF-Ⅱ mRNA从6 d开始显著上调表达，并保持较高表达水平至45 d，IGF-Ⅱ mRNA表达量均显著高于IGF-I（<0.05）。偏相关分析发现：这5个生长因子通过正向协同或负向拮抗作用在半滑舌鳎胚胎发育和仔稚幼鱼生长过程中共同起调控作用。研究结果为深入了解GH/IGF轴对鱼类生长调控机制积累了新的素材。 Abstract:In order to understand the physiological role of the growth axis (GH/IGF axis) in embryonic development and early growth of , a quantitative PCR method was used to study the differential expression patterns of five key growth factors (GH, GHR1, GHR2, IGF-I, and IGF-Ⅱ) along the growth axis during early life stages. The results showed that these five growth factors could all be genetically inherited from parents, and they all exhibited significantly higher paternal expression levels, except for GH. GH mRNA was detected in all embryonic development stages, but the highest expression level was observed at the 2-cell stage and hatching stage. GHR1 and GHR2 mRNA levels showed similar expression patterns during embryonic development stages, and there were significantly higher expression levels of GHR1 mRNA than that of GHR2 during all embryonic development stages, except in the morula and gastrula stages. IGF-I and IGF-Ⅱ mRNA were both detected during all embryonic development stages, and the highest expression level of IGF-I mRNA was observed at the hatching stage. IGF-Ⅱ mRNA levels peaked at the embryo encircling 2/3 of yolk sac and hatching stages. During the larval and juvenile development stages, GH mRNA expression level increased significantly from 3 d post hatching and peaked at 6 d. The GHR1 mRNA expression level increased significantly from 6 d and reached the maximum level at 30 d. GHR2 mRNA level significantly increased at 3 d, then gradually decreased to a lower expression level at 15 d, but then showed a significantly higher level from 20 d to 30 d, and also at 60 d. The expression level of IGF-I mRNA was the highest in 3 d larvae, and for IGF-Ⅱ mRNA, there was significantly increased expression from 6 d, which was maintained at a high level until 45 d. The IGF-Ⅱ mRNA level was significantly higher than that of IGF-I during the larval and juvenile stages. Correlation analysis showed that these growth factors play positive synergistic or negative antagonistic regulatory roles in the embryonic development and early growth stages. The results showed that the GH/IGF axis plays an important physiological role in regulating the embryonic development and early growth of , and provide new clues and materials for better understanding the role of the GH/IGF axis in fish growth. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Morphological characteristics and genetic differentiation of a breeding population of Sepia esculenta in Qingdao

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 青岛近岸金乌贼繁殖群体形态特征及遗传分化 DOI: 作者: 作者单位: 1. 中国海洋大学, 教育部海水养殖重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266003;2. 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室, 海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266072;3. 浙江海洋大学水产学院, 浙江 舟山 316022 作者简介: 王林龙(1993-),男,硕士研究生,从事资源增殖生态学研究.E-mail:wanglinlong0118@163.com 通讯作者: 中图分类号: S931 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（41676153）；农业部物种资源保护费项目（171721301354051028）. Morphological characteristics and genetic differentiation of a breeding population of Sepia esculenta in Qingdao Author: Affiliation: 1. Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education;Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;2. Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao 266072, China;3. School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:为探究青岛近岸金乌贼（）繁殖群体结构及其结群历时长、产卵期内亲体规格递减的结群现象，运用形态学度量方法结合微卫星分子标记技术，对青岛薛家岛近岸前、中、后3个不同洄游时期金乌贼繁殖群体的形态特征和遗传分化水平进行统计分析，探究其亲缘关系并量化差异水平。主要结果如下：形态学主成分分析（PCA）结果显示，前3个主成分的累积贡献率为60.067%，低于85%；判别分析（DA）结果显示，3个时期繁殖群体的判别准确率介于66.7%~82.1%，两者的散点图结果一致，均显示3个群体未明显占据不相重叠的区域。微卫星标记结果表明，3个时期繁殖群体的遗传距离介于0.12~0.16，群体遗传分化指数为0.0014~0.0064，利用Structure判断最佳理论组群为1，表明其亲缘关系较近。综合分析认为，虽青岛近海不同洄游时期金乌贼繁殖群体的规格差异较大，但形态学参数差异较小，遗传距离较近且遗传分化水平较低（<0.05），未呈现明显的群体分化。 Abstract:Population differentiation and structure are important topics of evolutionary biology, and morphology and genetics are the main methods of researching these topics. migrates annually from the overwintering field to the spawning ground, and for a long time, it has been thought that the breeding period of its inshore populations was as long as two months. In addition, during the grouping period, the specification of arriving in different stages showed a decreasing trend with arrival time. Thus, the objectives of this study were to characterize the population structure and clustering phenomenon in over time, and discover why the parental specification diminished during spawning of the mature animals in Qingdao. The morphological characteristics and genetic differentiation during three different migratory periods (early, middle, and late) of inhabiting the coastal waters of Xuejia Island were analyzed using morphology and DNA markers. The results showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components was 60.067% in the principal component analysis (PCA), which was lower than 85%. The discrimination accuracy ranged from 66.7% to 82.1% in the discriminant analysis (DA). The scatter plots of PCA and DA showed a similar result, which is the species was not clearly dispersed among these three migratory periods. Analysis based on microsatellite markers indicated that genetic distances () ranged from 0.12 to 0.16 and the genetic differentiation index ( from the three different migratory periods. The optimal number of theoretical groups was 1 according to the genetic structural analysis. These findings suggested that there was no obvious population differentiation among early, middle, and late migratory periods of in Qingdao, owing to the low values of morphological differences, genetic distances, and genetic differentiation, although the population showed a large difference in mantle length and body weight in specifications. The differences in the swimming ability of small and large individuals may be the main reason behind the long period of 's clustering and the decrease of its specification over time. It is undeniable that the differences in morphology and genetics among populations of marine cephalopods populations of fish are unpredictable yet significant. Macroscopic identification methods, such as morphological studies, are vulnerable to the influence of living environment, and at the same time, marine fish with good dispersal ability usually exhibit very low genetic differentiation within a wide geographic range. Therefore, the strong athletic ability of may also lead to a similar genetic structure of its populations. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Effects of temperature and dissolved oxygen on sperm energy metabolism and motility in the golden cuttlefish, Sepia esculenta

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 温度和溶解氧对金乌贼精子能量代谢和活性的影响 DOI: 作者: 作者单位: 1. 中国海洋大学, 海水养殖教育部重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266003;2. 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室, 海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266072 作者简介: 王展(1993-),男,硕士研究生,专业方向为渔业资源增殖学.E-mail:wangzhan@stu.ouc.edu.cn 通讯作者: 中图分类号: S917 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（41676153）. Effects of temperature and dissolved oxygen on sperm energy metabolism and motility in the golden cuttlefish, Sepia esculenta Author: Affiliation: 1. Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education;Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;2. Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266072, China Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:为了解金乌贼（）精子对外界环境变化的响应和存活机制，分析测定了不同温度（16℃、20℃、24℃）和不同溶解氧（1 mg/L、3 mg/L、6 mg/L）条件下保存36 h后精荚能量物质含量、糖脂代谢关键酶活性以及精子激活后的活力变化。结果显示，温度和溶氧处理36 h后精荚糖原和甘油三酯含量均显著低于未处理组（>0.05）。当温度从16℃升高至24℃时，精荚糖原含量逐渐下降，甘油三酯的含量则先降后稳；己糖激酶（HK）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、丙酮酸脱氢酶（PDH）和琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDH）活性随温度升高而升高，脂肪酶（LIP）活性先升后稳；精子激活初期运动速度和不运动率随温度升高无显著变化，而快速运动率则先稳后降。当海水溶解氧从1 mg/L升至6 mg/L时，精荚糖原含量逐渐下降，甘油三酯含量先稳后降；HK、PDH、SDH活性随溶解氧上升呈逐渐上升趋势，LDH先升后降，LIP则先稳后升；精子激活初期运动速度和快速运动率随溶解氧升高呈先升后稳的变化趋势，而不运动率则呈先降后稳趋势。上述结果表明，精荚中的糖原和甘油三酯是精子的主要供能物质，精子较低的能量物质消耗为其长期存活提供了保障，低温和低氧环境可抑制精子的耗能，更利于其在精荚中长期存活。 Abstract:In order to study the response and survival mechanism of spermatozoa in the external environment, the contents of energy substances, the activities of key glycolipid metabolizing enzymes in the spermatophore, and sperm motility after a 36-h preservation were examined under different temperatures (16℃, 20℃, 24℃) and dissolved oxygen levels (1 mg/L, 3 mg/L, 6 mg/L). The results showed that the glycogen and triglyceride contents in the spermatophore after the 36-h treatment were significantly lower than those before the 36-h treatment, but the protein content showed no significant differences before and after the 36-h treatment. When the water temperature increased from 16℃ to 24℃, the glycogen content decreased, while the triglyceride content first decreased and then stabilized. The activities of hexokinase (HK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) increased when the water temperature increased, while the activity of lipase (LIP) first increased and then stabilized. The initial velocity and immotile rate after activation had no significant changes, but the progressive motility rate was first stable and then decreased when the water temperature increased. When the dissolved oxygen content increased from 1 mg/L to 6 mg/L, the glycogen content decreased, while the triglyceride content was first stable and then decreased. The activities of HK, PDH, and SDH increased, while the activity of LDH first increased and then decreased when the dissolved oxygen content increased. The activity of LIP was first stable and then increased, while the initial velocity and progressive motility rate after activation first increased and then stabilized, while the immotile rate first decreased and then stabilized. These results suggested that glycogen and triglycerides in the spermatophore were the main energy substances of the spermatozoa. Low energy substance consumption was the foundation for the long-term survival of the sperm. Low temperature and hypoxia, which reduced the energy consumption of the spermatozoa, were beneficial for its long-term survival. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

State of the Art and Challenges for Offshore Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA)

By moving away from coastal waters and hence reducing pressure on nearshore ecosystems, offshore aquaculture can be seen as a possible step towards the large-scale expansion of the marine food production. Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) in nearshore water bodies has received increasing attention and could therefore play a role in the transfer of aquaculture operations to offshore areas. IMTA holds scope for multi-use of offshore areas and can bring environmental benefits from making use of waste products and transforming these into valuable co-products. Furthermore, they may act as alternative marine production systems and provide scope for alternative income options for coastal communities, e.g. by acting as nodes for farm operation and maintenance requirements. This paper summarizes the current state of knowledge on the implications of the exposed nature of the offshore and open ocean sites on the biological, technological and socio-economic performance of IMTA. Of particular interest is improving knowledge about resource flows between integrated species in hydrodynamic challenging conditions that characterise offshore waters.

21세기 초반의 대한민국의 수산물 수급상황과 식량안보 전략

Due to the enhanced carbon dioxide in atmosphere, our ocean ecosystems including fishery resources have been experiencing serious changes. The human population has also been dramatically increased recently, which influences on food security, consumption, and supply of fishery production. Current and near-future situation on marine food production in Korea was investigated using international and domestic reports and statistics, and strategy for improving food shortage was suggested. Results from this study indicated that individual Korean consumed 58.4 kg of fishery production in 2013~2015, and will be increased to 64.3 kg in 2025. Fish and shellfish yields provide about 19% of total protein supply or about 36% of animal protein in Korea currently. Because we expect no increase from capture fisheries in Korean waters, we should find some ways to increase the supply of fishery production from either enhancing aquaculture or import from foreign countries, although the increasing rate of Korean aquaculture production would be expected much lower than other developing countries.

Seeing through†

Abstract The title of this paper is intended in the sense of both “seeing through things”, which requires critical, reflexive thinking and also in the sense of “seeing things through”, which requires tenacity and patience. I address some of the concerns that I have about how we think through, structure, and write about science and I introduce three major research areas that I have been involved in: (i) studies of population dynamics of fish in the Irish Sea that lead to work on plankton dynamics and marine ecosystems, but with the problems of marine policy and management in mind, (ii) the ICES/GLOBEC Cod and Climate Change programme, and (iii) global marine food production and the work of the IPCC.

Feeding ecology of Hexagrammos otakii in Haizhou Bay

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 海州湾大泷六线鱼摄食生态研究 DOI: 作者: 作者单位: 1. 中国海洋大学 水产学院, 山东 青岛 266003;2. 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室, 海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266237;3. 中国科学院 海洋研究所, 中国科学院海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266071 作者简介: 许莉莉(1988-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事渔业资源生态学研究.E-mail:xvlili1990@163.com 通讯作者: 中图分类号: S931 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（31772852）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项（201562030，201612004）；青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室鳌山科技创新计划项目（2015ASKJ02）. Feeding ecology of Hexagrammos otakii in Haizhou Bay Author: Affiliation: 1. College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;2. Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China;3. Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology & Environmental Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:根据2011年3—12月在海州湾及其邻近海域进行的5个航次底拖网调查，通过分析531尾大泷六线鱼（）的胃含物样品，对其摄食生态进行了初步研究。结果表明，大泷六线鱼摄食的饵料种类有60余种，虾类、蟹类、双壳类是其最主要的3种饵料类群，优势饵料生物有东方缝栖蛤（ sp.）等；其食物组成存在明显的季节变化和体长变化，全年均大量摄食虾类，夏季还摄食一定量的蟹类，秋季摄食多毛类和头足类的比例较高。随着体长的增长，大泷六线鱼摄食的饵料生物由小型甲壳类逐渐转变为体型较大的虾类和鱼类。大泷六线鱼的空胃率和平均胃饱满指数存在明显的季节变化，春季空胃率最高，冬季空胃率最低；平均胃饱满指数春季最高，秋季最低。典范对应分析表明，体长是影响大泷六线鱼摄食的主要因子，其次是底层水温、叶绿素a和pH。 Abstract:The present study investigated the feeding habits of in Haizhou Bay and adjacent waters by analyzing the stomach contents of 531 individuals collected from March to December 2011. More than 60 prey species were investigated, with the dominant species being sp. and the main prey groups being shrimp, crabs, and bivalves. The feeding habits of exhibited significant seasonal variation. Shrimp were a major prey group during all four seasons, but a large number of crabs were consumed during summer, whereas the greatest proportions of Polychaeta and Cephalopoda prey were observed during autumn. Ontogenetic variation in diet composition was also observed. For example, small mainly consumed small crustaceans, whereas larger individuals mainly consumed fish and shrimp. Feeding intensity (i.e., percentage of empty stomachs and mean stomach fullness index) also exhibited seasonal variation. The greatest empty stomach percentages and mean stomach fullness indices were both observed during spring, whereas the lowest empty stomach percentages and mean stomach fullness indices were observed during winter and autumn, respectively. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) indicated that body length was the most important factor affecting the diet composition of , followed by sea bottom temperature, local chlorophyll a, and seawater pH. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献