Marine Ecological Environment Protection Research Articles

Research on Special Stability of Scientific Research Equipment on Oceanographic Research Vessels

With the development of economy, countries all over the world have gradually recognized the importance of the exploitation of marine resources, development of marine economy, and protection of marine ecological environment. As an important carrier and tool for the implementation of China’s national strategies such as “building China into a maritime power” and “Belt & Road”, oceanographic research vessels also face new demands and development prospects. The current standards and specifications for oceanographic research vessels in China are generally old and outdated, lack of professional specifications, and deficient of standard guidance for the use of scientific research equipment on oceanographic research vessels. From the perspective of the classification and special stability of scientific research equipment on oceanographic research vessels, an evaluation system for the stability of scientific research equipment is proposed, in hope of providing reference for the use of scientific research equipment on oceanographic research vessels.

Research on the coordinated development model of marine ecological environment protection and economic sustainable development

The rapid development of marine economy has caused unprecedented damage to the marine ecological environment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to promote the economic development of the coastal areas under the premise of ensuring the normal development of the marine ecological environment. At the same time, this study analyzes the limitations of the ecological environment protection in the system through the coordination of ecological environment protection and economic sustainable development. This study deeply discusses the coordination between ecological protection and economic development in the South China Sea. And it is assumed that there is a significant correlation between EEP and economic sustainable development, and a coordinated development model of the two is constructed. In the construction of the coordinated development model, first a coordinated development model among systems is established. Then the evaluation index system of coordinated development is built to determine the coordinated development model of ecological environment and economic development. The result analysis shows that the South China Sea ecological protection and economic development present a trend of sustainable development. From the coordination analysis of the two, it can be seen that the coordination degree of the South China Sea ecological environmental protection and economic development has been stable between 0.8 and 0.9 for a long time, and the two have a high degree of coordination. In addition, from the coordinated development trend of the South China Sea economy and ecological environment, it can be seen that in recent years, the coefficient of the coordinated development trend between the two has gradually decreased to below 1. It indicates that the coordinated development of the South China Sea economy and ecological environment has gradually been hindered. The above results show that various resources in the marine water resources ecological environment of the South China Sea will have a direct impact on economic activities as production factors of economic growth. Therefore, in the economic development of the South China Sea, we must strengthen the governance of the ecological environment, promote the ecological civilization and economic development of the South China Sea, and improve China's comprehensive economic strength

How can governance strategies be developed for marine ecological environment pollution caused by sea-using enterprises? — A study based on evolutionary game theory

The governance of marine ecological environmental pollution is not only the responsibility of the central government (CG) but also requires the cooperation of multiple stakeholders, such as local governments (LGs) and sea-using enterprises (SEs). Using marine ecological environment pollution governance in coastal areas as the research object, this paper establishes a three-party evolutionary game model and analyzes the interests and preferences of stakeholders to demonstrate how CG affects the strategic choice of LGs and SEs by formulating marine pollution control policies, such as marine ecological damage compensation and performance appraisal. On this basis, using numerical simulation technology, a numerical simulation analysis is conducted by introducing policy indicators, including performance appraisal criteria for LGs, the amount of marine ecological damage compensation and penalties. The results show that without the implementation of strict marine ecological environment governance policies, stakeholders will fall into the prisoner dilemma of “irregular partial supervision by CG, partial implementation by LGs and partial compliance by SEs”. However, the incentive compatibility among the CG, LGs and SEs can be realized by increasing the proportion of ecological environment performance appraisal of LGs, levying marine ecological damage compensation for SEs and penalties for both stakeholders. In that case, LGs and SEs will also implement marine ecological environment protection and governance strategies even if the CG chooses a loose supervision strategy. On this basis, related policy implications are finally proposed, which can improve the efficiency of the governance of the marine ecological damage and environmental pollution caused by SEs and realize the sustainable development of the marine economy.

Evaluation of the coordination between marine ecological environment protection and marine economic development in China.

Over the years, the development of marine economy has been an important component of coastal cities' total economic growth in China. Whether the coastal cities had paid enough attention to the coordination of marine economic development and ecological environment protection in the process of marine development activities needed to be evaluated accordingly. An index evaluation system for the coordination between marine ecological environment protection and marine economic development in coastal cities of China was established in this work by using the analytic hierarchy process. The statistical analysis results from 2006 to 2018 showed that much more attention had been paid on marine ecological environment protection since the year 2012 in China. The evaluated results showed that among all coastal provinces and cities, Shanghai and Shandong Provinces had the best coordination between marine economic development and marine ecological environment protection in the year 2016. Years of data showed that marine economic development and marine ecological environmental protection complement each other and promote each other. At the same time, the analysis results of this indicator evaluation system showed that marine ecological environment protection in China should further strengthen the protection by preventing and controlling marine pollution and carrying out ecological restoration.

Comparative Study of Marine Ranching Recognition in Multi-Temporal High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images Based on DeepLab-v3+ and U-Net

The recognition and monitoring of marine ranching help to determine the type, spatial distribution and dynamic change of marine life, as well as promote the rational utilization of marine resources and marine ecological environment protection, which has important research significance and application value. In the study of marine ranching recognition based on high-resolution remote sensing images, the convolutional neural network (CNN)-based deep learning method, which can adapt to different water environments, can be used to identify multi-scale targets and restore the boundaries of extraction results with high accuracy. However, research based on deep learning still has problems such as rarely considering the feature complexity of marine ranching and inadequate discussion of model generalization for multi-temporal images. In this paper, we construct a multi-temporal dataset that describes multiple features of marine ranching to explore the recognition and generalization ability of the semantic segmentation models DeepLab-v3+ and U-Net (used in large-area marine ranching) based on GF-1 remote sensing images with a 2 m spatial resolution. Through experiments, we find that the F-score of the U-Net extraction results from multi-temporal test images is basically stable at more than 90%, while the F-score of DeepLab-v3+ fluctuates around 80%. The results show that, compared with DeepLab-v3+, U-Net has a stronger recognition and generalization ability for marine ranching. U-Net can identify floating raft aquaculture areas at different growing stages and distinguish between cage aquaculture areas with different colors but similar morphological characteristics.

Legal Analysis of the Prevention of Marine Microplastics Pollution

The protection of marine environment and the preservation of marine ecology are closely related to everyone. However, due to the increase of human social resource consumption and the relative lack of social awareness of marine ecological environment protection, a large number of industrial products are discharged into the ocean, which poses a serious threat to the marine ecological environment. Plastic products are widely used in society because of their low cost, small volume and light weight. A considerable part of waste plastic products flow into the ocean and gradually decompose into microplastic waste. At first, the pollution problem of microplastic waste did not attract enough attention. However, with the continuous deterioration of the marine environment and the destruction of marine biological habitats, the international community has paid more and more attention to this problem and raised the priority of the prevention of marine microplastic pollution. The most obvious manifestation is that the proportion of the resolutions about the management of marine microplastic pollution is increasing in the resolutions of the United Nations General Assembly. There are more and more researches on the prevention and control of marine microplastic pollution in the academic circles of natural science and social science. This paper analyzes the shackles of marine microplastic pollution prevention and control from the perspective of international law, such as difficulties in international legislation, unclear distribution of jurisdiction and responsibility, obstacles in the transformation of international law and domestic law, and the lack of foundation for international cooperation. Although there are many obstacles to the prevention and control of marine microplastic pollution, countries should still adhere to the concept of “Maritime Community with a Shared Future” in marine governance, cooperate with each other, mainly in prevention and secondly in governance, and jointly maintain the marine ecological environment.

Efficiently remove of diesel oil pollutants in the marine environment by a novel biological-C14H32O3Si-Enteromorpha: Preparation, mechanism, and application

Enteromorpha has large biomass and high specific surface area, and C14H32O3Si can help Enteromorpha achieved hydrophobic and oleophilic. However, the diesel oil adsorption capacity of C14H32O3Si-Enteromorpha was limited. Herein, biological modification was adopted to C14H32O3Si-Enteromorpha and the diesel oil adsorption capacity was successfully improved. A biological-C14H32O3Si-Enteromorpha adsorbent was prepared at first, and the adsorption mechanism of diesel oil was comprehensively analyzed by surface morphology, docking mode, adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm. Last, biological-C14H32O3Si-Enteromorpha adsorbent was applied in a small-scale reactor, the diesel oil removal rate and the reusability of adsorbent was studied. The diesel oil adsorption capacity of successful biological modification of C14H32O3Si-Enteromorpha was 14.56 g/g, representing a 27.72 % increase. The diesel oil removal capacity improved due to functional groups added and hydrogen bonds formed after the C14H32O3Si-Enteromorpha modification. Meanwhile, the mainly diesel oil adsorption process of biological-C14H32O3Si-Enteromorpha was chemical adsorption. Furthermore, biological-C14H32O3Si-Enteromorpha has efficient and recycling potential for diesel oil adsorption application, which was greater than 80 % diesel oil removal rate after six cycles of adsorption experiments. Our reported biological modification C14H32O3Si-Enteromorpha will provide a new avenue to treat marine oil pollution and contribute to the protection of marine ecological environment.

The Mathematical Model of Marine Engine Room Equipment Based on Machine Learning

This study is aimed at reducing the occurrence of oil spill accidents in the engine room of ships and carries out risk prevention for the equipment of the port ships, thereby reducing pollution to the marine ecological environment. Firstly, the concepts and principles of cluster analysis and ship automatic identification system are expounded. Secondly, the data information collected by the ship’s automatic identification system (AIS) is combined with density-based cluster analysis. The accident area and extent at different stages of the ship’s engine room equipment are classified. Finally, cluster analysis is used to evaluate the risk of equipment of the port ship engine room. The results show that there are 43000 ship operation information points in port a, the average operating speed of ships is 9 kilometers, and the fastest operation speed is 16.9 kilometers. In addition, many ship routes in port a need to take risk prevention measures to minimize the impact between ships and reduce the risk of oil leakage in the engine room. The proposed cabin model can easily and quickly analyze the orientation information of the ship and classify all the data into different types according to the surrounding information points. AIS can realize the information transfer between ships and between ship and shore. Information such as the position, speed, and direction of the ship needs to be accurately known to ensure safety at sea. These data need to relate to some terminals and networks to form a maritime monitoring network. The ship AIS based on cluster analysis can cluster the areas where the ship’s speed and direction change significantly in the port area, effectively preventing accidents. Scientific risk prevention measures can effectively reduce the oil leakage risk of ship engine room equipment, improve the working efficiency of marine engines, and provide a strong foundation for the entire marine ecological environment protection.

Effects of antifouling technology application on Marine ecological environment

Resolving the contradiction between Marine economic development and Marine ecological environment protection has become an unavoidable and sharp problem. The uncontrolled use of Marine antifouling technology will bring uncontrollable and even irreversible damage to the Marine biosphere, which will lead to ecological disaster and threaten the survival of human beings. Therefore, it is an urgent task to find antifouling technology with lower environmental toxicity under the premise of considering economy. More attention should be paid to the long-term impact of mature and new technologies on the Marine ecological environment. This paper introduces the development status of antifouling technology, its influence on Marine ecological environment and puts forward the design strategy of comprehensive biological fouling prevention and control technology.

Study on the Development of Marine Cultural Tourism of Dalian

Dalian is one of the famous coastal tourist cities in China, with a unique geographical location. This paper studies the development of marine cultural tourism in Dalian by means of literature analysis and data analysis. This paper holds that the existing problems of Dalian marine cultural tourism are as follows: Covid-19 impact; Serious pollution of marine resources; Weak brand competitiveness of marine cities; and missing talent. Combined with analysis and the author’s personal knowledge base, this paper believes that paying attention to marine ecological environment protection, excavating cultural resources and personnel training are helpful to break the barriers of Dalian marine cultural tourism, so as to promote the development of Dalian marine cultural tourism.

Numerical study of the circulation and water transport in Beibu Gulf: A short communication

The Beibu Gulf, located in the northwestern South China Sea, is rich in oceanic energy and biological resources. Based on the FVCOM model, a three-dimensional numerical model was adopted in the study, which was validated with the observation data. The results show that Beibu Gulf is a typical diurnal tidal area. The K1 and O1 tide have an amphidromic point near Hue, Vietnam, forming a rotary tidal system. From the amphidromic point, the amplitudes increase gradually, eventually reaching more than 80 cm and 100 cm, respectively. The maximum amplitudes of M2 and S2 tide are about 70 cm and 10 cm, respectively. Meanwhile the tidal current presents a typical rectilinear flow in Beibu Gulf, with strong the diurnal tidal currents. Seasonal changes in the circulation structure of Beibu Gulf are obvious. The Beibu Gulf is generally controlled by a non-closed anticlockwise circulation in winter. In summer, there are two counterclockwise eddies. The tidal residual current flowing through Qiongzhou Strait goes west all year round, with the largest average flow flux of 0.07 Sv in winter. Based on DYE module from FVCOM, pollutants from the Pearl River Estuary pass through Qiongzhou Strait, and reach Weizhou Island after 109 days. This is of great significance to the monitoring and control of red tide, and the protection of marine ecological environment in Beibu Gulf.

Construction of the Rule of Law System of Marine Ecological Environment Protection under the Background of Wireless Network Information Fusion

With the rapid development of my country’s marine economy, human society is demanding more and more marine resources and space, resulting in serious damage to the marine ecological environment. In order to protect the marine ecology and improve the sustainable development of marine resources, this paper studies the legal system of marine ecological environmental protection based on the background of wireless network information fusion. By studying the status quo of several well-known marine ports and ecological environment in China, building a wireless network information fusion platform, integrating wireless network information into marine ecological surveys, collecting data through WSN nodes, and comparing wireless network information fusion with traditional methods, the efficiency of marine ecological environmental protection and the identification of marine pollution methods in different periods of time coordinate the rapid economic development and build a sustainable marine ecology. The results of the study found that the monitoring efficiency based on wireless network information fusion is more than 25% higher than the traditional monitoring method, and the recognition efficiency after 3 months is still more than 20% higher than the traditional method. This shows that information fusion in wireless networks can play a key role in the construction of a legal system for marine ecological and environmental protection.

Dilemma of Multisubject Co-Governance of Global Marine Ecological Environment and Implementation Path

The governance of the global marine ecological environment is closely related to human life and needs to adopt a multisubject co-governance system. There is a lack of understanding of the need for co-governance by multiple subjects for global marine ecological environment protection. Global marine eco-environmental multisubject governance is characterised by fragmentation, lack of coordination, and other issues. It should be recognised that global marine ecological environment protection is a task for all to protect humankind’s common heritage ergaomnes. At the same time, the idea of a global marine ecological environment protection led by an ocean community with a shared future should be established. A global marine ecological environment multisubject co-governance model is set up by establishing a global marine ecological environment governance model alongside a multisubject co-governance committee.

Numerical simulation of the impact of an integrated renovation project on the Maowei Sea hydrodynamic environment

Integrated renovation projects are important for marine ecological environment protection. Three-dimensional hydrodynamics and water quality models are developed for the Maowei Sea to assess the hydrodynamic environment base on the MIKE3 software with high resolution meshes. The results showed that the flow velocity changed minimally after the project, decreasing by approximately 0.12 m/s in the east of the Maowei Sea area and increasing by approximately 0.01 m/s in the northeast of the Shajing Port. The decrease in tidal prism (~ 2.66 × 106 m3) was attributed to land reclamation, and accounted for just 0.86% of the pre-project level. The water exchange half-life increased by approximately 1 day, implying a slightly reduced water exchange capacity. Siltation occurred mainly in the reclamation and dredging areas, amounting to back-silting of approximately 2 cm/year. Reclamation project is the main factor causing the decrease of tidal volume and weakening the hydrodynamics in Maowei Sea. Adaptive management is necessary for such a comprehensive regulation project. According to the result, we suggest that reclamation works should strictly prohibit and dredging schemes should optimize in the subsequent regulation works.

Application of microbial remediation in the treatment of offshore oil pollution

With the development of offshore oil industry, the pollution caused by frequent oil spill accidents has brought great pressure to marine ecology. How to repair the oil polluted sea area economically, efficiently and safely has become an urgent problem to be solved in marine ecological environment protection. In this paper, the main factors affecting the bioremediation of marine oil pollution are the polluted sea environment, the physical and chemical properties of oil and the types of microorganisms. The research progress of marine ecological restoration at home and abroad and the main research direction of marine oil pollution ecological restoration technology are summarized. The possible problems in the repair application are analyzed, and the further research direction is proposed.

Coordination degree of marine biological ecological resources based on multi-source monitoring data

In order to develop and utilize the ocean scientifically and reasonably, this paper puts forward a protection method of marine biological ecological environment resources from the perspective of economy. First of all, this paper describes the marine biological ecological environment monitoring technology, obtains the typical and comprehensive multi-source monitoring data, and understands the status of marine biological ecological environment. On this basis, the work of marine ecological compensation is carried out, including the calculation of marine ecological loss, the calculation of marine ecological compensation, and the construction of dynamic model of ecological compensation system. Finally, the coordination between economic development of marine resources and environmental protection is calculated. The simulation results show that the implementation of the design method can improve the coordination of economic development and marine ecological environment protection, and provide some help for the protection of marine ecological environment.

小尺度海域空间评价单元划分技术研究——以福建省东山湾为例

科学合理的海域空间评价单元划分是各类海洋空间监测、评价、规划和管理的基础工作，对于保护海洋生态环境，实现海洋资源的可持续开发利用具有重大现实意义。然而，海洋的流动性、开放性、边界模糊性等特征，导致海洋空间评价单元划分较陆地而言更为复杂、困难。以福建省东山湾为例，提出一种适用于小尺度海域的空间评价单元划分技术方案，通过从化学属性、物理属性、生物学属性三个方面构建海域空间生态属性划分指标体系，进行空间分类评价，运用插值、叠加分析等GIS技术将东山湾划分为67个基本空间评价单元。研究结果不仅能为进一步划定东山湾海洋空间规划提供技术支持，同时为其他小尺度海域生态监测、评价、规划和管理提供科学参考。;For the sustainable development and utilization of marine resources, and protection of marine ecological environment, coastal countries have successively implemented marine spatial planning (MSP). MSP is considered as an important marine management tool, which is an indispensable part of marine ecological civilization construction in China. Scientific and reasonable division of marine spatial units is the basic work of marine spatial monitoring, evaluation, planning and management, which is of great practical significance for the protection of marine ecological environment and the sustainable development of marine resources. However, the characteristics of the ocean, such as mobility, openness and boundary ambiguity, make the division of marine spatial units more complex and difficult than that of land. In this study, we collect a large number of data from environmental monitoring sites in Dongshan Bay. Based on the comprehensive and detailed data which can capture ecological environment status, we propose a technical scheme of spatial evaluation units division which is suitable for fine-scale sea areas. The scheme constructs the index system for the division of marine spatial evaluation units based on the physical, biological and chemical elements. Combined with GIS technology such as interpolation and spatial overlay analysis, Dongshan Bay is divided into 67 basic spatial evaluation units, which is a more accurate and scientific division of marine spatial units. On the basis of marine spatial units, local government can carry out the marine spatial monitoring, evaluation, planning and management. The marine environmental protection strategies and marine exploitation activities can be formulated for the sea areas with different environmental endowments by considering the local conditions. This division approach can not only provide technical support for the MSP of Dongshan Bay, but also can be a supplement of spatial units division approach for marine spatial monitoring, evaluation, planning and management. This division approach is suitable for fine-scale sea areas, but it is also applicable to large and medium-scale sea areas where complete and detailed environmental monitoring data can be obtained. The technical scheme of marine spatial units division proposed in this study has a wide application prospect.

Collaborative protection of marine environment in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

The quality of Marine ecological environment is one of the necessary conditions for building a world-class bay area. The ecological environment in the coastal waters of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is seriously polluted, it is urgently needed for three places to strengthen coordinated Marine ecological and environmental management. Under the guidance of outline development plan for the Greater Bay Area and with the goal of building a Marine ecological civilization in the Greater Bay Area, the coordination mechanism of administrative management and the standard system for Marine ecological environmental protection should be improved，land and sea overall planning should be used for Marine ecological environment protection.

The Development Model of Marine Cultural Tourism Based on Targeted Poverty Alleviation

Wu, L. and Dai, M., 2020. The development model of marine cultural tourism based on targeted poverty alleviation. In: Li, L. and Huang, X. (eds.), Sustainable Development in Coastal Regions: A Perspective of Environment, Economy, and Technology. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 112, pp. 124-127. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.As early as 2013, When General Secretary Xi Jinping visited Hainan, he pointed out that “targeted poverty alleviation should be targeted”, and in the report of the 19th CPC National Congress, it was clearly proposed to “constantly mobilize the whole country to carry out targeted poverty alleviation work and promote the establishment of the poverty alleviation funding system”. As an important position to cultivate talents in the new era, Marine cultural tourism needs to take the initiative to undertake and make contributions to the implementation of the work of “aid for poverty alleviation”. Therefore, it is urgent for relevant managers to strengthen the protection of Marine ecological environment while developing Marine tourism resources, so as to achieve the sustainable coordinated development of Marine tourism resources and Marine economy.

On the Criminal Law Protection of the Marine Ecological Environment

With the continuous and rapid development of the country's economy and society, it has greatly promoted the leap of the marine economy and brought more severe challenges and tests to the protection of marine ecological environment. How to effectively measure the criminal law protection of the marine ecological environment and take effective measures Measures to deepen the effects of marine ecological environmental protection have become one of the focus topics of widespread concern in the industry. Based on this, this article first introduces the protection of marine ecological interests in China's criminal law, analyzes the necessity of adjusting the ecological environment in criminal law, and discusses the deficiencies in China's marine legal system and combines relevant practical experience to improve the marine environment. Various angles and aspects, such as laws and regulations related to resource crimes, put forward the basic approach to strengthen the criminal law protection of the marine ecological environment, and hope to help the practice of related work.