Emotional Mapping Research Articles

Visual experience shapes bodily representation of emotion.

Philosophers and experimentalists have long debated whether bodily representation of emotion is grounded in our sensory experience. Indeed, we are used to observe emotional reactions expressed through the bodies of others, yet it is still unknown whether this observation influences how we experience affective states in our own bodies. To delve into this question, we developed a naturalistic haptic task and asked a group of early (n = 20) and late (n = 20) blind, as well as sighted individuals (n = 20) to indicate where in the body they perceive changes associated with affective states. Our results show that visual experience shapes bodily representation of emotion. Blind and sighted individuals attribute different importance to body regions in relation to specific emotional states, as sighted people focus more on visceral sensations, while blind report as more relevant the mouth and the hand areas. We also observe differences in the coherence of bodily maps of specific emotions, such as aggressiveness, for which early and late blind are homogenous in reporting the mouth, while sighted subjects demonstrate a scattered pattern of activation across the body. Finally, our findings show that blind people rely on a different organization of affect, as only sighted categorize bodily maps of emotion through the valence and arousal dimensions. In summary, we demonstrate that sensory experience impacts the bodily representation of affect by modulating the relevance that different body parts have in emotional reactions, modifying the weights attributed to interoceptive and exteroceptive signals, and changing how emotions are conceptualized in the body. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Design of Chinese painting style classification model based on multi-layer aggregation CNN

This study delves deeply into exploring the artistic value of traditional Chinese painting (TCP) and aims to bridge the gap between its fundamental characteristics and the realm of human emotions. To achieve this, a novel convolutional neural network (CNN)-based classification model for TCP emotions is proposed. By thoroughly analyzing the distinct emotional mapping relationships inherent in TCP, a comprehensive framework is developed. Notably, emotional feature regions are accurately extracted using image saliency, and a multi-layer aggregation recalibrated emotional feature module is seamlessly integrated into the CNN network structure. This integration strengthens the activation of features that significantly influence TCP emotions. Moreover, a method of multi-category weighted activation localization is skillfully employed to classify Chinese painting emotions within the CMYK (cyan magenta yellow black) color space. The empirical results convincingly demonstrate that our algorithm surpasses existing approaches such as VGG-19, GoogLeNet, ResNet-50, and WSCNet in the task of TCP emotion recognition, achieving an impressive accuracy of 92.36%, the largest error is 0.191. This improvement signifies the advancements made by our model in accurately capturing and understanding the emotional nuances within TCP. By outperforming previous methods, our research contributes to the convergence of multimedia technology and cultural education.

How does the kitchen feel in an empty nest? Mapping emotions in Polish kitchens

This paper addresses the spatial dimension of the empty nest experience. The assumption that the departure of adult children from home leaves the nest empty is challenged in this study. We delve into the lived experiences of parents left behind to reconstruct their encounters with kitchen space in a post-parental home. Drawing upon evidence from participant-generated data (138 emotion maps) and 69 map-elicited interviews conducted in the administrative provinces of Pomorze and Wielkopolska in Poland, we identify the kitchen as a key place where family relations are practised. The analysis of the material allowed us to reconstruct the relationship between ‘empty nest’ kitchen and emotions, as seen by the participants. Four themes that have emerged: bonds, memory, social roles and territorial claims account for the relationship between individuals and the spatial dynamics they navigate during this significant life transition. Through an exploration of parents’ subjective experiences, we seek to provide a deeper understanding of how kitchen space is perceived and engaged with within the context of the empty nest.

Emotional maps: visualization of participatory mapping data based on user-testing

Emotional maps: visualization of participatory mapping data based on user-testing

Geo-Phenomenology: A Qualitative and Humanistic GIS Approach to Exploring Lived Experience

Critical discussions are developing to combine geographic information systems (GIS) and qualitative methods as an alternative approach to traditional quantitative GIS, but the possibility of integrating spatial information technology and phenomenology is still unknown. This study explores a new qualitative and humanistic GIS approach called geo-phenomenology. It attempts to improve the ability to validate and authenticate findings and to gain a holistic understanding of the complex interplay among space, place, and human emotion through a combination of phenomenology, natural language processing methods, and GIS. To illustrate this approach, this study focuses on international students and examines the effects of geographic mobility on individuals’ sense of attachment and belonging. Importantly, it allows for a more sensitive approach to the spatial scale of material culture as a mediator of sense of place. The overlay of emotional mapping and land use provided a perspective for narrative interpretation and hypothesis building, ultimately leading to the discovery of key evidence determining the main themes of international students’ sense of place attachment and belonging. By combining quantitative emotion detection with qualitative phenomenological interpretation in GIS, this study concludes that geo-phenomenology can help us consider the rich nuances of lifeworlds from multiple perspectives.

Influence of drinking cups of different materials on emotional and acceptance responses, and perception of sensory attributes of soft drinks

The aim of this study was to investigate whether drinking cups made of different materials (white polystyrene, crystal-clear polystyrene, paper, Styrofoam, and glass) can influence the response to soft drinks in terms of emotions, acceptance and perception in younger adult consumers. Experiments were conducted with three different groups of university students who (1) participated in the survey on expectations of disposable cups, (2) performed sensory tests on emotional and hedonic responses and (3) evaluated selected sensory characteristics of soft drinks served in the test cups. The characteristics of the cups influenced the overall acceptability of the soft drink, while the flavor acceptability and the perception of flavor intensity were not affected. Compared to the heavier cups, the soft drink served in lighter cups was perceived as more viscous. The soft drink was rated most acceptable when consumed from the glass and least acceptable when tasted from the Styrofoam. The Styrofoam, paper and white polystyrene had an impact on reducing the overall acceptability of the soft drink. The emotional map identified in the study for the consumption of soft drinks from different cups could be related to the sensory characteristics of the cups. Glass can be considered a more acceptable vessel for soft drink consumption compared to disposable cups, while crystal–clear polystyrene is more acceptable than paper, Styrofoam and white/opaque polystyrene. When selecting materials for disposable cups, preference should be given to materials that have similar properties to glass, such ashigher weight, low flexibility, low surface graininess and high translucency.

Investigating the relation between emotional and cultural mapping by considering collective memory in Urban design from perspective of citizens (case study: Tehran, Iran)

Perception of Citizens about a city is an essential issue in urban planning. Hence, having an understanding of the people’s perception can help designers improve city planning. This study aimed to discover the emotional and cultural parameters of urban places by considering the collective memory of citizens. The main gap in the studied subjects was the lack of a combination of cultural and emotional mapping from the perspective of citizens. To fill the mentioned gap, the findings of this study emphasize the importance of engendering emotions and cultural mapping in the citizens in urban spaces. Respectively, a quantitative method was conducted through a comprehensive case study in the form of a questionnaire. Results indicated that emotional mapping is more important than cultural mapping for collective memory. Moreover, emotional parameters were substantial to female participants as cultural factors were for male respondents. Same as gender, Level of education, and age were two factors that affect cultural mapping or emotional mapping choices. Besides, pride, a sense of power, pleasure, excitement, peace, compassion, vitality, and happiness were found important emotions in this study. Our findings revealed that designing urban places based on the culture of each society has a significant role in engendering emotions and drawing the interest of citizens.

Body sensation maps of emotions in patients with somatoform and related disorders

Body sensation maps of emotions in patients with somatoform and related disorders

Bodily Maps of Symptoms and Emotions in Parkinson's Disease.

Emotions are reflected in bodily sensations, and these reflections are abnormal in psychiatric conditions. However, emotion-related bodily sensations have not been studied in neurological disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with altered bodily representations of emotions. Symptoms and emotion-related sensations were investigated in 380 patients with PD and 79 control subjects, using a topographical self-report method, termed body sensation mapping. The bodily mapping data were analyzed with pixelwise generalized linear models and principal component analyses. Bodily maps of symptoms showed characteristic patterns of PD motor symptom distributions. Compared with control subjects, PD patients showed decreased parasternal sensation of anger, and longer PD symptom duration was associated with increased abdominal sensation of anger (PFWE < 0.05). The PD-related sensation patterns were abnormal across all basic emotions (P < 0.05). The results demonstrate altered bodily maps of emotions in PD, providing novel insight into the nonmotor effects of PD. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

Deep Learning for Real-time Affective Hand Gesture Recognition in EMASPEL

This research marks a transformative leap in personalized learning through real-time affective hand gesture recognition in EMASPEL (Emotional Multi-Agents System for Peer-to-peer E-Learning), an educational platform. Our deep learning model, a meticulously crafted ensemble of convolutional and recurrent neural networks, deciphers the unspoken language of emotions embedded within student gestures, accurately capturing both spatial and temporal patterns. This detailed emotional map empowers EMASPEL to tailor its interactions with exquisite precision, addressing frustration, nurturing curiosity, and maximizing student engagement. The impact is profound: students flourish in personalized learning environments, experiencing enhanced outcomes and a newfound connection to their educational journey. Teachers, equipped with real-time emotional insights, provide targeted support and cultivate a more inclusive, responsive classroom. Beyond gestures, we envision a future enriched by multimodal data integration, encompassing facial expressions, voice analysis, and potentially physiological sensors, to paint even richer portraits of student emotions and cognitive states. Continuous refinement through rigorous longitudinal studies will pave the way for deeper understanding and ensure responsible implementation. Ultimately, this research reimagines education as a dynamic ensemble of personalized learning, where technology serves as a bridge between teacher and student, unlocking not just academic success but a lifelong love of knowledge.

The power of jury duty: A map of emotions on a rape trial

The power of jury duty: A map of emotions on a rape trial

War, emotions, mental health, and artificial intelligence.

During the war time dysregulation of negative emotions such as fear, anger, hatred, frustration, sadness, humiliation, and hopelessness can overrule normal societal values, culture, and endanger global peace and security, and mental health in affected societies. Therefore, it is understandable that the range and power of negative emotions may play important roles in consideration of human behavior in any armed conflict. The estimation and assessment of dominant negative emotions during war time are crucial but are challenged by the complexity of emotions' neuro-psycho-physiology. Currently available natural language processing (NLP) tools have comprehensive computational methods to analyze and understand the emotional content of related textual data in war-inflicted societies. Innovative AI-driven technologies incorporating machine learning, neuro-linguistic programming, cloud infrastructure, and novel digital therapeutic tools and applications present an immense potential to enhance mental health care worldwide. This advancement could make mental health services more cost-effective and readily accessible. Due to the inadequate number of psychiatrists and limited psychiatric resources in coping with mental health consequences of war and traumas, new digital therapeutic wearable devices supported by AI tools and means might be promising approach in psychiatry of future. Transformation of negative dominant emotional maps might be undertaken by the simultaneous combination of online cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on individual level, as well as usage of emotionally based strategic communications (EBSC) on a public level. The proposed positive emotional transformation by means of CBT and EBSC may provide important leverage in efforts to protect mental health of civil population in war-inflicted societies. AI-based tools that can be applied in design of EBSC stimuli, like Open AI Chat GPT or Google Gemini may have great potential to significantly enhance emotionally based strategic communications by more comprehensive understanding of semantic and linguistic analysis of available text datasets of war-traumatized society. Human in the loop enhanced by Chat GPT and Gemini can aid in design and development of emotionally annotated messages that resonate among targeted population, amplifying the impact of strategic communications in shaping human dominant emotional maps into a more positive by CBT and EBCS.

Real-time EEG-based emotion recognition for neurohumanities: perspectives from principal component analysis and tree-based algorithms.

Within the field of Humanities, there is a recognized need for educational innovation, as there are currently no reported tools available that enable individuals to interact with their environment to create an enhanced learning experience in the humanities (e.g., immersive spaces). This project proposes a solution to address this gap by integrating technology and promoting the development of teaching methodologies in the humanities, specifically by incorporating emotional monitoring during the learning process of humanistic context inside an immersive space. In order to achieve this goal, a real-time emotion recognition EEG-based system was developed to interpret and classify specific emotions. These emotions aligned with the early proposal by Descartes (Passions), including admiration, love, hate, desire, joy, and sadness. This system aims to integrate emotional data into the Neurohumanities Lab interactive platform, creating a comprehensive and immersive learning environment. This work developed a ML, real-time emotion recognition model that provided Valence, Arousal, and Dominance (VAD) estimations every 5 seconds. Using PCA, PSD, RF, and Extra-Trees, the best 8 channels and their respective best band powers were extracted; furthermore, multiple models were evaluated using shift-based data division and cross-validations. After assessing their performance, Extra-Trees achieved a general accuracy of 94%, higher than the reported in the literature (88% accuracy). The proposed model provided real-time predictions of VAD variables and was adapted to classify Descartes' six main passions. However, with the VAD values obtained, more than 15 emotions can be classified (reported in the VAD emotion mapping) and extend the range of this application.

Cognitively Congruent Color Palettes for Mapping Spatial Emotional Data. Matching Colors to Emotions.

Emotions are touchstones of humans’ everyday life experiences. Maps of emotions inform a variety of research from urban planning and disaster response to marketing studies. Emotions are most often shown on maps with colors. Previous research suggests that humans have subjective associations between colors and emotions that impact objective task performance. Thus, a mismatch between the emotion associated with a color and the emotion it represents may bias the viewer’s attention, perception, and understanding of the map. There are no guidelines that can help cartographers and designers choose matching colors to display spatial emotional data. This study aimed to address this gap by suggesting cognitively congruent color palettes—color sets matched to emotions in a way that is aligned with color-emotion associations. To obtain the set of candidate congruent colors and identify appropriate color-to-emotion assignments, two user experiments were conducted with participants in the United States. In the first, participants picked a representative color for 23 discrete emotions. In the second experiment, for each candidate color from a set derived from the results of the first experiment, participants selected the best-matching emotions. The probability of the emotion being selected served as a measure of how representative the color is of that emotion. Due to the many-to-many nature of associations between colors and emotions, suitable color choices were incorporated into a dynamic palette generation tool. This tool solves the color assignment problem and produces a suitable color palette depending on the combination of selected emotions.

Territorial Invasion: A Behaviour in Sustaining Social Space in a Kampung. A case study: Prawirotaman, Indonesia

Tourism impacts spatial changes in the urban neighbourhood, including Prawirotaman, which is experiencing a loss of social space. The community continues to strive for its social spaces in its private transitional space, namely the house yard and terrace. Hence, this study aims to explore the territorial behaviour of kampung residents amid the neighbourhood transformation. The study focuses on the formation and distribution of interaction spaces within kampung and the residents’ perception of the transitional space territoriality. This study was conducted qualitatively. The observations were conducted after afternoon prayer (Asr) and evening prayer (Maghrib). The data was collected from snapshots and using Global Positioning Systems (GPS), then imported into ArcGIS, and interviews were presented on emotion maps and narratives. The data were analysed with content and behaviour mapping approaches. This research found that territorial invasion can be defined as a local’s territorial behaviour for sustaining social space amid the kampung’s spatial transformation due to tourism. Hence, territoriality is not only related to the spatial modification to control a space. This research contributes to understanding architecture behaviour and policy making, especially in an urban village with tourism activities.

Cognitive and motivational qualities of task instruction: Cognitive appraisals and achievement emotions of Swedish primary teacher students

Given the crucial role of primary teachers in shaping pupils' development, equipping primary teacher students with the necessary skills, including information-seeking skills, is fundamentally important. The aim of this study is to gain a better understanding of the process of achieving such skills by exploring the interplay between cognitive appraisals and achievement emotions and the way in which these are affected by the quality of instructions experienced. Instruction librarians' support in relation to instructions and how these can be designed to promote achievement are also investigated.Six Swedish primary teacher students were studied through in-depth semi-structured interviews over a period of 10 weeks. The methodological tool Geneva affect label coder was used for the mapping and categorization of appraisals and emotions. The analysis of the qualitative data was theory driven and deductively interpreted through the lens of Pekrun's control–value theory of achievement emotions, Scherer's semantic space of emotions, and Kuhlthau's information search process model.The cognitive appraisals identified were uncertainty, certainty, and negative and positive intrinsic motivation. The achievement emotions found in relation to cognitive quality were anger/frustration, anxiety, and hopelessness, and those linked to motivational quality were enjoyment and boredom. Uncertainty and negative intrinsic motivation/failure elicited emotions related to cognitive quality, and negative/positive intrinsic motivation and certainty determined emotions related to motivational quality. The interplay between appraisals and emotions was complex, involving feedback loops and reciprocal causation. The support from instruction librarians experienced was related to the students' ability to master the instructions and their cognitive qualities.The study has theoretical and methodological implications for information behavior and information literacy research in its application of appraisal theories and methodological tools. It also has practical implications for academic instruction librarians supporting students in the process of achieving information-seeking skills. By understanding how students experience support and the relations to the quality of task instructions, support can be designed in ways that promote positive achievement emotions and by implication achievement.

Applying deep learning to wireless sensor networks for monitoring students’ emotion in high schools

Vietnamese students are facing significant academic pressure due to societal and familial expectations, which leads to an unfavorable learning environment. We aim to employ a temporary spatial-temporal stress monitoring system. Using Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technology, it collects data on students’ emotional states and incorporates a prediction model, “Reduce Students’ Stress in School” (R3 S), to detect students’ emotional states across school premises. The integration of R3 S and WSN is conducted in three stages. Initially, sensor nodes are deployed in schools to collect emotional data. Subsequently, we introduce a novel hybrid model combining a one-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network with Long Short-Term Memory networks (1D-CNN-LSTM) to generate a predictive emotional map. This model’s performance, evaluated using RMSE and MAE metrics, shows exceptional precision compared to other LSTM models. When predicting the “stress” condition, the R3 S model achieved a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 10.30 and a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.041. Lastly, we generate a comprehensive map of cumulative emotional conditions, serving as a guide for school counselors. This map aids in fostering a healthy, conducive learning environment.

Bodily maps of emotions and pain: tactile and hedonic sensitivity in healthy controls and patients experiencing chronic pain.

Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience. Both pain and emotions are warning signals against outside harm. Interoception, bodily sensations of emotions can be assessed with the emBODY tool where participants colour the body parts where they feel different emotions. Bodily maps of emotions (BMoE) have been shown to be similar between healthy individuals independent of age, sex, cultural background, and language. We used this tool to analyze how these body maps may differ between healthy controls and patients with persistent pain. We recruited 118 patients with chronic pain. An algorithm-selected matched controls from 2348 individuals who were recruited through social media, message boards, and student mailing lists. After providing background information, the participants completed the bodily topography colouring tasks with the emBODY tool using tablets (patients) and online using their own devices (controls), for pain, sensitivity for tactile, nociceptive and hedonic stimuli, and for the 6 basic emotions and a neutral state. Patients with pain coloured significantly larger areas for pain and more negative emotions. On the whole, their BMoEs were dampened compared with healthy controls. They also coloured more areas for nociceptive but not for tactile or hedonic sensitivity. Patients and controls marked different body areas as sensitive to nociceptive and tactile stimulation, but there was no difference in sensitivity to hedonic touch. Our findings suggest that emotional processing changes when pain persists, and this can be assessed with these colouring tasks. BMoEs may offer a new approach to assessing pain.

Teaching screenwriting from the inside out: The importance of writers’ inner, emotional discoveries in understanding the tools of screenwriting

This article discusses the vital importance of expanding a screenwriting curriculum to demonstrate screenwriting techniques and finding originality by initially deriving story ideas from students’ life experiences, emotional memories and insights. It highlights the inherent problem common to a number of screenwriting students who desire to ‘race for originality’ that tends to imitate films they have already seen rather than finding the inspiration from a world they are better familiar with. The article introduces examples and results where the stories have first been solidly rooted in the writer’s own experiences. The qualitative research question is, how do students benefit from learning to write from the inside? The article challenges the order in which basic elements must be disseminated to students and suggests that alongside the traditional structures and tools of storytelling in teaching screenwriting, teachers should first and foremost guide students towards the private sources of their individual experiences and memories, highlighting their unique potential and originality. The article is based on qualitative research materials collected from screenwriting workshops the author has conducted in various film schools in Finland and Belgium between 2017 and 2021 using an emotional mapping method.

Study on the Optimization and Renewal Design of Campus Cultural and Creative Products Based on the Emotion Mapping Approach

This paper takes the current situation of the campus cultural and creative products of the City University of Macau as the starting point, focuses on analyzing the characteristics and deficiencies of the existing campus cultural and creative products, and explores the emotional and cultural aspects of the campus cultural souvenir design from the emotional aspect, and through a large number of field surveys and analyses of the existing products, it sums up the design implementation procedure and design methodology of "emotion mapping" to better guide the design practice. Based on the analysis of the characteristics and needs of campus cultural souvenirs, the prototype extraction of tangible images and intangible meanings in the campus using the emotion mapping method is proposed to propose three design techniques, namely, taking meaning from shape, picturing shape with meaning, and symbiosis between shape and meaning, and a complete design program is constructed through the emotional fusion of expression. To inherit and disseminate the campus characteristics of culture from the purpose of enhancing the feasibility of innovative design of cultural and creative products; teachers and students at the University's emotions into the concept of product design, and further promote the innovative design of cultural and creative products on campus.