Utilization Of Manure Research Articles

Scenario Analysis of Livestock Carrying Capacity Risk in Farmland from the Perspective of Planting and Breeding Balance in Northeast China

In this paper, we selected the northeast region as a study area from the perspective of soil nutrient demand, calculated the livestock carrying capacity of farmland under three scenarios where nitrogen nutrient accounts for 35% (low level), 45% (medium level), and 55% (high level) of fertilization, and carried out a risk analysis. The results show that the scale of husbandry breeding is expanding and the scale of the planting industry has remained basically unchanged. Under the three scenarios, there were 23 regions where the livestock manure exceeded the maximum value that could be absorbed by farmland in 2008 and 28 regions in 2019. These regions in the potential area are mostly located in Heilongjiang province and the regions in the restricted area are mostly located in Liaoning Province. On the whole, the northeast region is generally faced with the problem of livestock overloading, and the insufficient utilization and treatment capacity of livestock manure poses a huge threat to regional ecological security. Based on this, adjusting the structure of regional planting and breeding, promoting the development of the livestock manure processing industry, enhancing the production capacity of organic fertilizer, and constructing an integrated pattern of regional planting and breeding are effective ways to realize the sustainable utilization of farmland in northeast China.

Community empowerment based on organic fertilizer production technology in Pare Village, Selogiri District, Wonogiri Regency

Pare Village, Selogiri District, Boyolali Regency, has a high enough beef cattle, which serves as an opportunity for the community to be developed through an improved economy from beef cattle fattening, both from the main product in the form of meat and the by-products in the form of livestock manure. The utilization of livestock manure into organic fertilizer does not only increases income but also creates environmentally friendly conditions. This study aims to increase the knowledge and skills of farmers through training on the production technology of organic and liquid fertilizers in order to increase their income. It was carried out on May 20th to 16th September 2021 and the method used include Focus Group Discussions (FGD), counseling, training on production technology of organic and liquid fertilizers as well as demonstration plots of both. The materials used in processing organic fertilizers include livestock manure, urea, stardec, and a dolomite while liquid fertilizers include urine empon-empon (galangal, temu ireng, ginger, kencur, turmeric, sambiloto, garlic, dlingo and bengle), molasses and EM4. The result showed an increase in the knowledge of farmers after attending extension and training on the manufacture of these fertilizers which helps to increase the welfare of the community. In conclusion, people in Pare become more empowered with the application of organic fertilizer production technology such that there is an increase in community income.

Public acceptance of livestock biogas technology as an environmentally friendly alternative energy

The development and utilization of livestock manure biogas technology as an alternative energy source can solve supply problems and contamination of the environment. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence public acceptance of livestock manure biogas technology. It was conducted in Boyolali Regency, with a livestock population of 86,363 dairy and 86,988 beef cattles, hence, the potential for biogas raw materials was high. Moreover, the respondents were 61 people who have used livestock manure biogas, while the method used was descriptive quantitative, with survey data collection techniques. The data were analyzed descriptively along with the multiple linear regression test. The results showed that the acceptance of biogas technology by the community was very high with an average acceptance score of 4.35. Based on the F-test results, the variables of motivation, farmer experience, livestock number, income level, the intensity of counseling, and access to information simultaneously affect biogas acceptance, while the t-test results showed that biogas acceptance is partially influenced by motivational variables, livestock number, intensity of extension, and access to information. Therefore, it was concluded that public acceptance of biogas is influenced by motivational factors, livestock number, intensity of counseling, and access to information.

Research of the influences of utilization of sediment and exogenous materials on the changes of SDOM and WSOC of soil

As mankind pays attention to environmental protection and reuse of resources, more and more exogenous materials are being utilized for soil improvement, such as straw, sediment, etc. However, further research is needed on the mechanism of how sediments and other exogenous materials change soil properties. In this study, the changes of soil water soluble organic carbon (WSOC) and soil dissolved organic matter (SDOM) in the process of resource utilization of sediment and other exogenous materials were investigated. Different exogenous substances such as river sediment (RS), lake sediments (LS), straw (SS), algae (AS), Myriophyllum verticillatum L. submerged plants (MS) and livestock manure (FS) were added to the soil, and fluorescence spectroscopy combined with parallel factor analysis was used to explore the characteristics of WSOC changes and SDOM sources in the treated soil. The results showed that the SDOM fluorescence intensity changes show the total fluorescence intensity of the three groups of SS, FS, and MS was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than the control group. After 50 days of culture, the content of WSOC in the 6 groups was: MS (72.2 mg/kg) > LS (58.2 mg/kg) > FS (45.6 mg/kg) > RS (44.8 mg/kg) > AS (41.4 mg/kg) > SS (39.4 mg/kg) > CK (32.7 mg/kg). the MS group increased the most, reaching a percentage of 220%. The parallel factor analysis of SDOM three-dimensional fluorescence spectra showed that SDOM in soil mainly contains three components, groups contain protein-like, humus-like and tyrosine-like amino acids. In the initial stage, protein-like substances are the main components, and after 50 days, humus-like substances become the main components of SDOM in each treated soil. Among them, the FS group has the highest humus-like content. According to the fluorescence intensity, the SS, FS and MS groups have significant effects on increasing the content of soil water-soluble organic matter, and the SS group has the strongest effect. In summary, sediment and straw, algae, Myriophyllum verticillatum L., livestock manure can change the content of SDOM and WSOC in the soil can change the content of SDOM and WSOC in the soil, enhance the degree of soil vitality, increase the vitality of the soil, and improve the structure, composition, and quality of the soil. This research provided theoretical guidance and technical support for the resource utilization of sediment, straw, algae, submerged plants and livestock manure.

Co-treatment with silicon and quicklime in pig manure application as a promising option of environmnetal management

Manure utilization is the most important current practices economically and, ecologically. The combined use of active forms of silicon together with other types of soil amendments or fertilizers has been shown to reduce P, N and K leaching from upper soil horizon or fixation, which positively affect crop production. The present study evaluated the performance of pig manure co-treated with quicklime (calcium oxide - CaO) and monosilicic acid (Si(OH)4) as sources of nutrients for rice production conducted in greenhouse and field tests for the reduction of negative environmental effects through the soil-plant system. Results indicated that quicklime/monosilicic acid-treated pig manure reduced the phosphorus and potassium leaching and phosphorus fixation which resulted in an increase in the biomass of rice by 38.3–52.3% in greenhouse and rice yield in field increased by up to 17.4%. Phosphorus plant-availability in the soil and its uptake by rice plants were enhanced by the mixture of treatments. Furthermore, quicklime/monosilicic acid -treated pig manure enhanced the accumulation of potassium in rice leaves.

Tangible Benefits of Etawah Crossbred Goat Manure Utilization in Yogyakarta Indonesia

Tangible Benefits of Etawah Crossbred Goat Manure Utilization in Yogyakarta Indonesia

Impact of consolidated utilization of farmyard manure and inorganic fertilizers on yield and yield ingredients of irrigated lowland rice

Consolidated utilization of organic and inorganic fertilizers can improve crop productivity and improve soil condition. Investigation research was carried out with an objective to examine the impact of usage of farmyard manure in combination with three levels of chemical fertilizers [80: 40: 30, 120: 60: 45 and 160: 80: 60 kg N, P2O5 and K2O ha-1, respectively] on yield and yield ingredients of irrigated lowland rice. Split-plot design experiment was used during the dry season with and without farmyard manure as main plots and three inorganic fertilizer levels as subplots. Data were collected on grain and straw yield, number of tillers, panicle length, filled grains per panicle, 1000 grain weight and nutrient uptake. The results revealed that application of farmyard manure at 10 t ha-1 increased grain yield of rice by 25% compared to no farmyard manure control. Close examinations were also obtained on straw yield, tiller number, filled grains per panicle, and 1000 grain weight. There were significant relationships between farmyard manure and inorganic fertilizer treatments. The advantageous impacts of use of farmyard manure were not magnified at growth rates of use of inorganic fertilizers. However, the highest grain yield of rice was gotten with the application of farmyard manure at 10 tha-1 and inorganic fertilizer at 120: 60 : 45 kg N, P2 O5 and K2O ha-1. The rise in grain yield was due mainly to intense nutrient uptake and number of tillers, filled grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight.

Rice straw biochar in combination with farmyard manure mitigates bromoxynil toxicity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Herbicide residues in agriculture commodities are a serious threat for human health and crop production. We investigated the efficient utilization of rice straw biochar and farmyard manure as organic amendments in mitigating the bromoxynil residues in leaves, grain, husk and root tissues of wheat plants. Growth and yield of wheat plants were also examined under field conditions through a 02-year field experiment. The experiment was set up using two wheat cultivars (Faisalabad-08 and Galaxy-2013) as main plot factors and different formulations of biochar and farmyard manure as sub-plot factors in a randomized complete Block design (split plot arrangement) with 03 replications. Different formulations of biochar (BC) and farmyard manure (FYM) i.e., 100 BC: 00 FYM, 75 BC: 25 FYM, 50 BC: 50 FYM, 25 BC: 75 FYM, 00 BC: 100 FYM and 00 BC: 00 FYM as control were prepared and mixed with soil (2% m/m) at the time of sowing. The wheat crop was sprayed with recommended dose (Buctril Super 60 EC, 825 mL ha−1) of bromoxynil 40 days after sowing of the crop. Grain, husk, and root samples were collected at maturity while leave samples were taken 10 days after the herbicide application. Results revealed that the organic amendments significantly reduced the bromoxynil concentration in different tissues of wheat plant besides increasing the growth and yield of plants. The highest concentration of bromoxynil residues was found in control treatment whereas; sole biochar (100 BC:00 FYM) reduced the herbicide residues up to 78% in grain and husk of wheat, 40% in leaves and 64% in root tissues along with 41–44% increase in the grain yield. So, rice straw biochar along with farmyard manure could be considered as a promising option for mitigating the residual herbicide issues in the crop plants along with increase in the yield of wheat crop.

Environmental safety approaches to solving the problem of waste disposal at livestock farms

The article discusses the main approaches to solving the problem of manure utilization. This is how theoretical approaches are considered through the definition of the annual output of pig manure in relation to the farms of the Kirov region. The authors made an attempt to apply an improved methodology for determining the annual output of manure, taking into account the age and sex group of animals, the number of days of the stall period, as well as with a possible forecast of the growth of the livestock. Also, the proposed methodology can be applied to other animal species, taking into account the known initial data, which, in turn, will help to resolve the issue of manure disposal. Also, the proposed methodology will allow not only at the design stage to determine the area for placing manure, but will also be useful for farms.

Energy and environmental risk assessments of poultry manure sustainable solution: An industrial case study in Singapore

Despite the potential of poultry manure as a sustainable waste stream, poultry manure is unsatisfactorily utilized due to the lack of public confidence in both food safety and environmental concerns. In this paper, the energy, environmental and microbial risk assessments of an industrial-scale chicken manure gasification plant in Singapore are demonstrated to overcome the barriers of poultry manure utilization and standardize the management practice. The gasification products and performances are analyzed and optimized based on a numerical chemical reaction kinetics model. The life-cycle assessment results show that the gasification-based treatment has less greenhouse gas emissions than direct land application and anaerobic digestion approaches. Finally, the quantitative microbial risk assessment shows that all the potential pathogenic hazards in chicken manure can be removed through the gasification process, which proves the safety of chicken manure biochar for further agricultural applications and shows the potential infection risk of direct land application.

Utilization of farm yard manure as a source of nutrients for sustainable mulberry production

Utilization of farm yard manure as a source of nutrients for sustainable mulberry production

Economic, Energetic and Environmental Analysis of the Utilization of Swine Manure in Brazil: Opportunities and Challenges

Economic, Energetic and Environmental Analysis of the Utilization of Swine Manure in Brazil: Opportunities and Challenges

Dairy cattle manure utilization by smallholder dairy farmers in West Java, Indonesia

Besides producing milk and other products, dairy farms also generate manure polluting the environment. This study aims to identify smallholder dairy farmers' utilization of dairy cattle manure in West Java and the reasons that hinder it. This study uses IndoDairy end-line survey data, covering 410 dairy farmers in four districts in West Java (Bandung, Garut, Cianjur, and Bogor) in December 2021. A qualitative descriptive analysis was employed. The results show that only 42.8% of smallholder dairy farmers in West Java utilized cattle manure for fertilizer, a source of energy (biogas), and/or media for raising earthworms. At the same time, the rest, 57.2%, discharged it into their surroundings. Among the reasons the smallholder dairy farmers did not appropriately manage the manure were as follows: too difficult to adopt the technology (27.5%), high adoption cost (21.0%), farmers are already satisfied with the current practices (10.1%), limited input availability (9.5%), limited land (9.0%), lack of information of technology (8.1%), and many labors are needed (7.8%). Given the environmental problem that can be caused and the economic potential of dairy waste, the government should provide efficient and practical dairy waste management technology accompanied by intensive training and assistance.

IoT based crop rotation and soil nutrition analysis

Crop revolution is the act of growing a progression of various sorts of harvests in a similar region rather than the one yield framework. This strategy for development normally recharges the dirt supplements and lessens synthetic contamination because of overabundance utilization of manures. Large scale supplements like Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous (P) and Potassium (K), soil pH, temperature and mugginess assume a significant part in deciding the harvest to be developed straightaway. In our proposed framework, the degree of full scale supplements NPK and pH is observed in light of the force of variety change in the dirt example arrangement utilizing a variety sensor. Along with this, the temperature, humidity and soil moisture are also monitored to maintain the soil health. The data sensed by these sensors is stored on the cloud and analysed based on which suggestions for growth of the suitable crop are made. A web portal is designed which displays a list of particular crops suitable for the tested soil. Additionally, the current soil moisture level, atmospheric temperature and humidity are also displayed. This system is designed so that any individual can implement crop rotation technique in their back yards, roof top garden or in their own farms with reduced usage of fertilizers.

A sustainable agricultural supply chain considering substituting organic manure for chemical fertilizer

Promoting organic manure utilization and increasing soil carbon sequestration is essential to develop sustainable agriculture, and has become a critical issue in agricultural planting. This study addresses a substitute organic manure for chemical fertilizer problem from the perspective of supply chain network with consideration of subsidy policy, social responsibility and quality preference. The supply chain network equilibrium methodology is adopted to investigate the optimal transaction prices and volumes among various decision-makers in the network with the objectives of maximizing economic profits and environmental benefits simultaneously. A production function based on experimental data of organic manure substitution is introduced into the agri-product supply chain network with multiple layers and participants. A table grape supply chain case is carried out in this work and the results show that: (1) Increasing subsidies is efficient to improve organic manure utilization, while excessive subsidies are not conducive to long-term sustainable agriculture development. (2) Social responsibility benefits the environment, while it would bring additional economic pressure for farmers. (3) High-quality preferences could inspire farmers to make green planting decisions. This study provides effective organic manure promotion strategies for different participants in the agri-product supply chain network, which could promote green planting and sustainable agricultural development.

Challenges and strategies for biogas production in the circular agricultural waste utilization model: A case study in rural China

As a renewable energy source, production and utilization of biogas is of great benefit to mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, reduction of the dependency on fossil fuels, and promotion of the utilization of livestock manure and crop straw. It has been widely popularized in rural China, yet the benefits and drawbacks of the operation of household biogas digesters (HBD) are not well-understood, resulting in the operation of HBD failing to live up to expectations. This study used propensity score matching (PSM) to estimate the true benefits of the HBD process, explored the drivers and barriers for households to continue using HBD with the logit model, and identified the determinants of HBD operation time by using the tobit model. Results showed that of the 1743 households interviewed, 42% had adopted HBD and the average biogas production time using HBD was 6.66 months per year. It was estimated that HBD owners could save 474 Chinese yuan (CNY) annually by using HBD and that the net present value of the HBD program would be generated after eight years of operation. However, lack of technical training and subsidies for HBD operation were the key barriers for households to carry on using HBD. Conversely, a warm local climate and HBD with larger size had positive effects on households deciding to continue using HBD. Thus, comprehensive policies addressing construction and operation of HBD, as well as new methods for a high-value supply chains to comprehensively utilize biogas products could solve dilemmas in HBD operation.

Applying poultry manure and irrigation in cultivating potatoes in the southern forest-steppe of the Bashkortostan Republic

The goal of this research is to determine the effect of poultry manure and irrigation on the yield and quality of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) grown in fields located on the southern steppe of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Before the poultry manure was added, it was treated with a microbiological fertilizer to suppress pathogenic microflora. Potato tubers were pretreated with an insectofungicide to avoid infestation. During vegetation, potato leaves and tubers were studied at the stage of the full blossom, leaves’ decay and potato harvest. The results showed tuber yields with the application of pretreated poultry manure to be 120 t/ha, both on the rainfed and irrigated plots (from 0.23 to 0.82 kg/plant and from 0.24 to 1.02 kg/plant, respectively). On the rainfed and irrigated plots where poultry manure was not applied (control fields), the tubers’ weight ranged from 0.08 to 0.31 kg/plant and from 0.16 to 0.5 kg/plant, respectively. Along with this, poultry manure utilization also affected the starch content of potatoes—it ranged from 12.9% (for irrigated plots with 80 t/ha poultry manure applied) to 19.2% (for rainfed plots without fertilizers). Laboratory analyses revealed that the nitrate content increased from 171.80 to 232.98 mg/kg on rainfed plots (depending on the introduced amount of poultry manure) and by 7.91%–15.19% on irrigated plots. Upon application of 40 t/ha of manure, under irrigation, the highest marketable value of tubers was 78%. On the rainfed plots, the same value was 72% when applying poultry manure at a dose of 120 t/ha.

Effect of Manure Organic Fertilizer and Provibio Biofertilizer on Growth and Yield Mustard (Brassica juncea L

The utilization of goat manure as a planting medium for mustard (Brassica juncea L.) is expected to increase the dose of organic fertilizer and biofertilizer. The study was arranged using a factorial randomized block design (RAK). The first factor is the dose of goat manure and the second factor is the dose of Provibio biofertilizer. The first factor consisted of P0 = no treatment (control), P1 = 5 tons-1, and P2 = 15 tons-1 goat manure. The second factor consisted of D0 = 0 mL (control), D1 = 5 mL, and D2 = 10 mL of Provibio biofertilizer. The data obtained were then analyzed for variance at the 5% level of significance. If there is a real effect, the DMRT test is continued. The results showed that the application dose of manure P2 (15 tons-1) had a higher total plant fresh weight and root dry weight than P0 (control), P1 (5 tons-1). The application of Provibio biofertilizer (without treatment) D0, (5 mL) D1, and (10 mL) D2 has not been able to increase the growth and yield of mustard plants. The application of goat manure and biofertilizer has an independent effect and there is no interaction.

Beneficial effect of Achromobacter insolitus MB20 and manures in reducing Pythium aphanidermatum disease in cucumber

The increased global livestock production, such as chickens, cows, goats, and rabbits causes increased animal waste in both liquid and solid forms. The utilization of animal manures are considered as a beneficial way to minimize the livestock waste problems. Application of manure is advantageous to the soil nutrient balance, soil structure and moisture-holding capacity, and facilitates environmental protection. A combination of biocontrol agent of Achromobacter insolitus MB20 and manures was studied as alternative to chemical fungicides to protect crop from diseases without damaging the environment and human health. The chemical fungicides cannot be used continously and do not represent a sustainable method control. Result showed that an application of A. insolitus alone reduced cucumber damping-off as high as 60%, and in combination of A. insolitus with chicken manure was 80%, goat manure 70%, cow manure and rabbit urine 65%. The in vitro test indicated that A. insolitus inhibited P. aphanidermatum growth by 28%. This antagonist bacterium also produced extracellular enzyme of protease and cellulase with proteolytic index (PI) value was 1.4 and cellulolytic index (CI) value was 1.7. An application of A. insolitus with chicken manure resulted the best combination and the most effective in reducing of cucumber damping-off.

Awareness on the Benefits of the Adoption of Dairy Vermicomposting Technology in Selected Cooperatives in Region 02

There is a lack of information available on dairy vermicomposting technology in the Cagayan Valley Region, which has led to its non-adoption. The Department of Agriculture (DA) and other government organizations, on the other hand, have acknowledged and funded advocacy initiatives to raise awareness about the use of dairy manure in vermicomposting technology. As a result, the goal of this study was to determine the level of awareness, utilization, and adoption of vermicomposting technology using dairy manures, as well as to identify issues and constraints in the utilization and adoption of vermicomposting using dairy waste, and to suggest possible solutions. The Likert scale, frequency, percentage, and average mean were used to assess the data collected during the interview (FGD) and (KII). The average mean of the samples was used to calculate the levels of awareness, adoption, and utilization. According to the findings, Dairy MSMEs have an average level of awareness of 3.2, indicating that most of the respondents have moderately high awareness, while the level of adoption of Dairy MSMEs has an overall scale of 3.6, indicating that most of the respondents have a high level of adoption, resulting in a high level of utilization of vermicompost dairy manure. However, according to the distribution of the respondents' issues and concerns in the vermicomposting technology using dairy animal waste, the respondents' main concern was difficulty in integrating vermicomposting technology, lack of technical know-how, added cost in the production process, costly and limited source of capital and insufficient technical and financial support. As a result, the study suggests that capacity building and access to loan windows are steps that should be taken to increase awareness and utilization of technology to strengthen respondents' knowledge, abilities, skills, behavior, and incomes in determining agricultural long-term strategy.