Manufacturing Enterprises Research Articles

Empirical analysis of strategies to overcome the barriers of LSS implementation in Indian small manufacturing enterprises: an application of ISM-MICMAC

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore and model the strategies to overcome the barriers of Lean Six Sigma (LSS) implementation in Indian small manufacturing enterprises (SMEs).Design/methodology/approachIn this research, 31 strategies of LSS implementation in SMEs have been identified through detailed literature review and out of them, 13 are finalized using statistical tools like CIMTC and Importance-Index analysis. Moreover, the consistency of finalized strategies was examined through reliability test using SPSS software version 22. The finalized strategies are modelled through interpretive structural modelling (ISM) and classified them using MICMAC based on their driving and dependency power.FindingsThe key findings of this techno-managerial study are identification and modelling of 13 strategies to overcome adoption challenges of LSS in context of Indian SMEs. The usage of ISM-MICMAC approach provides the guidance to industrialist consider the mutual interaction of strategies during planning and scheduling for LSS projects.Research limitations/implicationsDue to human involvement and judgements, there may be chance of biasness and subjectivity during construction of self-interaction matrix. Also, the number of identified strategies to overcomes barriers of LSS adoption may vary by altering nature, scope and region of research.Originality/valueLiterature is full of studies regarding LSS barriers and its rankings. Also, few studies explored the solutions of LSS barriers and prioritized them. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, our study is very rare to witness which expose the strategies to overcome the barriers and frame the mutual interaction are per the driving and dependence power of strategies. The application of ISM-MICMAC approach suggests a roadmap for implementing LSS approach efficiently through considering developed ISM model of strategies in context of SMEs.

Examination of Cyber-Physical System Applications in Manufacturing Enterprises with the Unified Technology Acceptance and Utilization Theory

In this study, the perception, acceptance and usage status of Cyber Physical Systems (CPSs) which seem likely to become a more dominant tool in the industrial sector in the coming years, in manufacturing industry enterprises, and the advantages it provides to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the manufacturing sector are examined in line with the requirements of the sector. In this regard, the study will offer comprehensive insights to researchers, scientists, and decision-makers within industrial sectors, as well as institutions and organizations tasked with making strategic decisions. In addition, as with any new technology, the importance of determining the attitudes of staff and managers, who are the users of the technology, towards CPS was evaluated with an acceptance model developed by considering industrial conditions. By applying a questionnaire with open-ended questions including the opinions of SMEs, it is aimed to examine the factors in the Unified Technology Acceptance and Utilization Theory (UTAUT) model whose effects on usage are advocated. analysis demonstrate that the major hesitations of the enterprises are concentrated on the high costs of the technology, the lack of human resource competence to use the systems and the lack of solution partners in case of possible failures, but they still have positive opinion about the use. The study's findings shed light on the factors influencing the feasibility of CPS technology in the industrial sector. These results can serve as a guide for conceptualization, policy support, planning, and the development of new management strategies that will be essential in this field in the forthcoming years.

Cross-cultural Research of Speech Codes: Transitivity Processes in Corporate Social Responsibility Reports

Evolving from ethnographic research that determines what meanings are shared within a culture, studies regarding Speech Codes Theory have been conducted with implications for intercultural communication. Arguing for transitivity as speech codes in diverse cultures, this paper aims to describe and explain the transitivity attributes of English-medium Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) reports by Chinese and British/American corporations, and the transitivity variances between industries by Chinese corporations. Results reveal that frequencies of transitivity features in the Chinese CSR reports are significantly lower than those in the British/American reports, and that the relational process dominates in the corpus under investigation. Also, cross-industrial comparisons among Chinese corporations show that the mechanical manufacturing enterprises and the iron & steel enterprises share similar transitivity codes, but they differ from the energy enterprises distinctively. The paper concludes that linguistic/cultural contexts, translation strategies, moves in the CSR reports, and industry attributes together contribute to the transitivity codes and communicative conducts in different cultural and industrial backgrounds. This paper might help writers/translators of CSR reports in China better understand lexical and functional conformities and peculiarities reflected in Chinese and British/American CSR reports, enhance their corporate narration in the international communities, and thus reinforce communication with the general public by appropriately expressing and accurately translating transitivity processes.

Digital Transformation and High-Quality Development of Enterprises: Evidence from China

The swift progression of digital technology is leading to substantial shifts and evolutions within enterprises. In the evolving environment characterized by the integration of digital technologies and the physical market, it's essential to examine the effects of digitalization on the path of enterprises towards attaining superior growth quality. This study utilizes panel data from A-share listed companies in China's equipment manufacturing sector, spanning from 2013 to 2021, to perform an empirical analysis on the influence and mechanisms of digital transformation in fostering the progress of these companies towards high-quality growth. The results reveal that digital transformation plays a significant role in promoting high-quality development among equipment manufacturing enterprises, and these results remain consistent after implementing various tests to mitigate endogeneity and confirm the findings' reliability. The examination of mechanisms suggests that digital transformation significantly contributes to the advancement of equipment manufacturing companies by alleviating financial constraints, improving internal control quality, and facilitating the integration of environmentally friendly innovation technologies. Moreover, the impact of digital transformation on elevating the quality of development within equipment manufacturing companies is notably more pronounced in privately-owned firms, those located in the eastern region, and businesses classified as high-tech. This highlights how the nature of ownership, geographical location, and technological classification further amplify the benefits of digital transformation for high-quality growth in the sector. These findings offer a theoretical basis for assessing the economic implications of enterprises' digital transformation and for shaping relevant governmental policies.

HOW CEO TECHNICAL BACKGROUND CHARACTERISTICS AFFECT THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES - THE MEDIATING ROLE OF DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES

The digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises has an important impact on both the economy and society and the enterprise itself, and the CEO has an important impact on the effect of the digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises. The 20-Shenzhen A-share listed manufacturing companies from 2016 to 2021 are used as research subjects. The effect of the CEO's technical background on the digital transformation of these companies is studied empirically, and the dynamic capability is broken down into external perception capability and internal research and development capability to test their mediating effect. The research found that the technical background characteristics of the CEO significantly affect the effectiveness of digital transformation in manufacturing enterprises; the technical background characteristics of the CEO can influence the strategic decision and implementation of manufacturing enterprises; and the research conclusion enriches the related research on digital transformation and high-order theory in manufacturing enterprises and also provides theoretical reference for the training of the CEO of Chinese manufacturing enterprises.

Formation of a system of production capacity indicators

The term “production capacity” has always been one of the most important in the theory and practice of production management of an engineering enterprise. In the current conditions the issues of determining and classifying production capacity of manufacturing enterprises are of particular significance. Possessing reliable data on production capacity of a manufacturing enterprise one can determine the production output and the equipment workload level, and run the available production facilities effectively. The reliability of the information essential for decision-making depends on the methodology of determining and classifying production capacity of manufacturing enterprises. The purpose of the study is to reveal the contents of the system of specific indicators of the term “production capacity”. To achieve the goal the author of the article studies the problems of evaluation of production capacity of separate manufacturing structural units and the entire company. The subject of the study is the principles and methods of classification of the indicators of production capacity of a manufacturing enterprise. The article presents the author’s approach to defining the essence and classifying the production capacity indicators. To achieve the goal the authors applied the analysis and synthesis methods. Application of the deduction principle allowed creating a system of production capacity indicators. The study has been based on the review of relevant scientific and periodical economic publications. The contents and the volume of the “production capacity” concept have been established. The proposed system of individual indicators of production capacity allows increasing the accuracy of calculation of production capacity, identify time reserves for various operations, efficiently plan the equipment exploitation and improve operational and calendar planning at the manufacturing enterprise.

How Tax Compliance, Audit Quality, and Financial Reporting Quality on Corporate Financial Performance in Manufacturing Companies

Within the framework of Indonesian manufacturing enterprises, this study explores the intricate links between tax compliance, audit quality, financial reporting quality, and firm financial performance. Using Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS), a sample of 175 firms was examined. The effect of these variables on financial performance was evaluated using correlation analysis, hypothesis testing, and descriptive statistics. The findings show a strong positive correlation between business financial performance, financial reporting quality, audit quality, and tax compliance. This study adds to the body of knowledge by providing complex insights specific to the Indonesian manufacturing industry. These insights can be used by investors, policy makers, regulators, and firm management to enhance decision-making procedures and promote sustainable financial practices in the sector.

ФОРМАЛИЗАЦИЯ БИЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕССОВ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ ПРИ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИИ АВТОМАТИЗИРОВАННОЙ СИСТЕМЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ВЗАИМООТНОШЕНИЯМИ С КЛИЕНТАМИ

A pressing issue of automation and digitalization of processes in a manufacturing enterprise is the introduction of an automated customer relationship management system, namely a CRM system (Client Relationship Management System) into the structure of a functioning enterprise. The stage of in-depth study of the enterprise’s business processes, building the structure of business processes and modelling the future system allow one to significantly reduce the implementation time of the automated system, to clearly assess the compliance of the task and the future system, and to fulfil the effective implementation of a CRM system at a manufacturing enterprise. At the preliminary analysis stage, the issues of identifying the main entities of the system and determining the level of their interaction are resolved. The aim of the study is to describe the methodology for constructing a conceptual model of a CRM system using the example of conducting research on the structure of the enterprise’s business processes and further formalizing the results of preparatory work for the subsequent effective implementation of a CRM system. The main research methods are theoretical analysis, formalization and methods for constructing information models. The novelty of the work lies in examining poorly-studied aspects of the preliminary analysis when implementing CRM systems, identifying patterns in the description of typical non-production processes and their formalization for a functioning manufacturing enterprise. The study results can be used in designing the architecture, programming and setting up a CRM system at an enterprise in the field of mechanical engineering and other types of production.

Features of managing the international strategic partnership of a manufacturing enterprise in the conditions of global changes

In the dynamic landscape of global business, this paper investigates the intricacies involved in managing international strategic partnerships for manufacturing enterprises amid ongoing global changes. The introduction highlights the broader problematics, contextualizing it within recent research and publications, and emphasizing the relevance to significant scientific and practical challenges. The core of the paper delves into the nuances of effective management strategies for manufacturing enterprises engaged in international strategic partnerships. It places a particular emphasis on the impact of global transformations, scrutinizing how these changes influence management practices and the optimization of international collaborations during periods of instability. Economic globalization emerges as another pivotal factor, shaping the market dynamics and strategic decisions of manufacturing enterprises. The paper discusses adaptive financial management and agile business models as essential components for success in an interconnected global economy. It navigates the opportunities presented by international collaboration while acknowledging the risks associated with economic interdependence. Strategic management amid global uncertainties becomes a focal point, advocating for flexibility, scenario planning, and continuous learning. The paper underscores the importance of proactive risk management strategies and adaptive leadership to navigate the complexities introduced by global transformations. In conclusion, the paper provides a comprehensive examination of the features involved in managing the international strategic partnership of manufacturing enterprises amidst global changes. It offers insights into navigating the challenges and leveraging opportunities, providing a roadmap for effective management in an evolving global business environment.

ALGORITHM FOR CALCULATING THE COEFFICIENT OF LABOR PARTICIPATION OF OPERATORS OF LINES, MACHINES AND PLANTS USING THE 1C:ENTERPRISE SYSTEM

The purpose of the study was to improve the remuneration system for operators of automatic lines, machines and plants by using the labor participation rate, which will allow making optimal management decisions on accounting for payroll settlements with staff and the achieving of strategic goals of the organization. The article suggests the ways to solve the problem using the example of improving the system of awarding bonuses to the staff of a manufacturing enterprise, it is recommended to use formulas that allow evaluating the productivity of an individual employee. Software implementation in the 1C:Enterprise system is performed. The developed software solution allows you to automate the process of calculating bonuses for operators of lines, machines and plants, taking into account the amount of work each employee does. The proposed algorithm for calculating the labor participation coefficient is supposed to be developed in further studies to more accurately assess the contribution of an employee's labor, for example, by taking into account defects and evaluating the quality of manufactured products. Purpose. Development of an algorithm for calculating the coefficient of labor participation of operators of lines, machines and plants using the 1C:Enterprise system. Methodology: in article methods for formalizing and specifying formulas used in calculating the labor participation rate, and also development methods on the 1C:Enterprise platform were used. Results. The software implementation of calculating the premiums of operators of lines, machines and plants taking into account the labor participation coefficient is performed. Practical implications it is expedient to apply the received results the manufacturing enterprises staffed by operators of automatic or semi-automatic lines, machines and plants.

Research on Green Design Strategy of Electrical and Electronic Manufacturing Enterprises Based on the Perspective of Tripartite Evolutionary Game

Green design emphasizes the environmental attributes of the product life cycle, which can prevent environmental pollution at the source and reduce resource consumption. Based on the evolutionary game theory, this paper constructs a tripartite game model between “government-electrical and electronic manufacturing companies-consumers”, explores the influence of participants’ strategic choices and parameters on the evolutionary behavior of the three parties in different situations, and uses Matlab software to conduct numerical simulation analysis. Simulation analysis is the process of simulating real-world events and system behavior through computer models to assess, validate, and predict their performance and response. The research results show that the strategic choices of the three parties influence each other and government supervision and green consumption are conducive to incentivizing manufacturing companies to carry out green design. Consumer green preferences, environmental tax rates, corporate recycling revenue, and increases in consumer recycling revenue are all conducive to product design. Compared to environmental taxes, corporate subsidy policies have a greater impact on the behavior of the government, manufacturing companies, and consumers. Compared to consumer subsidies, corporate subsidy policies have a more significant effect on the behavior of governments and manufacturing companies, while for consumers, the opposite is true.

Affording digital transformation: The role of industrial Internet platform in traditional manufacturing enterprises digital transformation

This study aims to investigate the role of industrial Internet platform in facilitating the digital transformation of traditional manufacturing enterprises. While prior research has predominantly focused on industrial Internet platform enterprises, there is a noticeable dearth of research concerning traditional manufacturing enterprises lacking the resources to establish such platforms. To address this research gap, we conduct an exploratory case study and propose an affordances upgrade model that elucidates the digital business transformation process of these manufacturing enterprises leveraging industrial Internet platforms. The research findings can be summarized from two key perspectives. Firstly, the industrial Internet platform offers valuable technical support and potential opportunities for manufacturing enterprises to achieve digital business transformation through three distinct affordances: consonance, resonance, and adaptation. These affordances enable enterprises to align their operations with the capabilities and possibilities provided by the platform, thus facilitating their digital transformation. Secondly, to effectively harness these affordances, enterprises must strategically leverage the platform's technical services and systems in their production and operational practices. Through the accumulation of practical experiences, enterprises gradually transition their production modes from experience institutionalization and standardization to a state of refinement. The dynamic leapfrogging process of digital transformation in traditional manufacturing enterprises, facilitated by the industrial Internet platform, is reflected in the realization of these three affordances and their underlying resource capabilities. This research significantly contributes to the field by expanding the scope of inquiry to encompass traditional manufacturing enterprises and presenting a stage model for their digital transformation utilizing industrial Internet platform.

ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ПІДХОДУ ЖИТТЄВОГО ЦИКЛУ ДЛЯ АНАЛІЗУ ГАЛУЗЕВОЇ СПЕЦИФІКУ УПРАВЛІННЯ ВИРОБНИЧИМ ПІДПРИЄМСТВОМ

The article raises the issue of expanding the management toolkit for managers of manufacturing enterprises by structuring business development using the life cycle methodology. The author proposes to separate the life cycles of a product and an operational process for a manufacturing enterprise in order to analyze in more detail the industry specifics of the manufacturing enterprise management model. The authors describe the stages of the life cycle of a product and a production process separately, which allows to more accurately formulate the conditions under which the growth, development and decline of manufacturing enterprises occur. Thus, the presentation of the subject area of the study in the form of a "Process - Product" matrix allows analyzing the variability of approaches to managing the manufacturing business. The paper provides a certain algorithm for choosing an approach to management depending on the market situation and the current position of the enterprise in the competitive struggle. In other words, this tool allows structuring strategic alternatives for further steps of the business in the market. The authors also propose the stages of the life cycle of a manufacturing business, including a description of each stage according to the main characteristics of the management model. The paper provides a basic scenario of the enterprise's movement through the life cycle, taking into account the risks and financial efficiency of the business. Thus, this approach forms a roadmap for business development from a startup to a full-fledged business. The most probable risks for management in making management decisions in the transition between stages are analyzed, the nature of their occurrence and the criteria for their manifestation are identified. Summarizing, it can be concluded that the proposed tools allow expanding the possibilities for the management of the enterprise to make timely and appropriate management decisions.

Firm performance and markets: survival analysis of medium and large manufacturing enterprises in Indonesia

AbstractThis study identifies the effect of firm performance, especially efficiency, on firm survival. This study applies efficiency calculations using a translog model based on both time-invariant and time-varying production functions and the Ackerberg–Caves–Frazer (ACF) model to overcome the endogeneity problem in the estimation of the production function. The data used are firm-level data, which are medium and large manufacturing company censuses with an observation period from 1995 to 2015. This study used two estimation techniques: the Cox proportional hazard model and Poisson regression. I estimate the Cox regression with firm-level data, whereas the Poisson regression is estimated with aggregate data for 2-digit ISIC. Estimates at the aggregate 2-digit ISIC level are intended to not only see the effect of efficiency on companies that survive but also on companies that enter and exit. Firm-level evidence shows that a company’s efficiency reduces the hazard ratio or increases its survival time. Moreover, consistent with firm-level results, the aggregate-level estimation shows that efficiency increases the chances of survival and entry of companies into Indonesia and reduces the rate of company exit from the Indonesian market. This shows that a company's level of technical efficiency makes an important contribution to the survival of manufacturing companies in Indonesia.

The Implementation of Green Human Resource Management: A Survey on the Manufacturing Industry in Indonesia

This study investigates the implementation of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) in the manufacturing industry in Indonesia, with a focus on achieving sustainable organizational performance. It addresses a research gap and develops conceptual models to advance sustainable development goals (SDGs), particularly in Indonesia, encompassing social, economic, educational, health, and environmental aspects. A survey method was employed, utilizing an associative quantitative approach with multivariate statistical techniques, specifically structural equation modeling partial least squares (SEM-PLS). The study involved 75 manufacturing enterprises in Indonesia's Karawang industrial district, with Managers or Supervisors serving as respondents. Data was collected using a questionnaire as the primary measurement instrument. The research falls under TKT 2 in terms of technology readiness, involving the formulation of a research model concept. Key findings suggest that the implementation of GHRM practices in the manufacturing industry positively impacts Green Intellectual Capital and contributes to sustainable organizational performance. Furthermore, the study underscores the importance of GHRM in enhancing environmental sustainability and organizational competitiveness within the Indonesian manufacturing sector.

How does digital transformation empower knowledge creation? Evidence from Chinese manufacturing enterprises

Knowledge creation is the foundation for indigenous innovation in manufacturing enterprises; however, the effects of digital transformation on knowledge creation are still not well understood. Nonaka put forward the model of knowledge creation, which includes four processes: socialization, externalization, combination, and internalization, known as the famous SECI model. Based on the SECI model, this study analyzes the effects of digital transformation on four knowledge creation processes, using panel data from Chinese listed manufacturing enterprises from 2007 to 2020. The study provides several novel findings. First, digital transformation positively affects all knowledge creation processes, with the effects on knowledge combination capability being particularly notable. Second, the effects of digitalization inputs on externalization and combination are insignificant but exert a negative impact on socialization and internalization. Third, a heterogeneity analysis reveals that the facilitating effect of digital transformation is more significant in state-owned and large enterprises. Moreover, it primarily acts as the "cherry on top," significantly benefiting enterprises that already have strong knowledge creation capabilities. A low level of digital technology development in the region where an enterprise is located will inhibit the role of digital transformation in promoting knowledge socialization. Furthermore, enterprise innovation culture and regional innovation environments play positive moderating roles. This study contributes to further understanding of how digital transformation affects enterprises’ knowledge creation activities.

A Model for Streamlining Benchmarking in Sustainable Development of Industries

Benchmarking is a process of improving organizational performance by recognizing, comprehending, adjusting, and incorporating the most effective practices and procedures observed either within or outside an organization. Benchmarking creates, primarily in industrial sectors, clearly identified opportunities for the use of processes and resources, and detecting the continuous improvement of their performance. From the point of view of a systemic approach to the management of the efficiency of the performance of industrial organizations based on benchmarking, it is possible to increase competitiveness in interaction with economic improvements. The objective of this study is to assess the potential of benchmarking in a business, with a particular focus on the economic aspect, by a systematic approach, and to propose a model for selecting the research segment, based on an international company operating across multiple countries worldwide. The study concentrates on the technical equipment of quarries in EU countries, where the company operates, employing benchmarking, a benchmark index, and statistical methods. The proposed model was designed in an open way that can be expanded and generalized for other manufacturing and non-manufacturing enterprises. The model is flexible and adaptable to the specifics of other sectors as regards the need to improve management with an emphasis on making management more efficient, and thereby supporting sustainable development.

Action Speaks Louder: The Role of Proactive Behavior between Creative Leadership and Employees' Creativity.

Drawing on social learning theory, this study presents a moderated mediation model to examine the role of proactive behavior and conformity value in the positive relationship between creative leadership and employees' creativity. Two-wave data are collected from 230 employees and their leaders in an automobile manufacturing enterprise in China, in which employees are encouraged to be creative because they need to implement novel designs and proposals to attract consumers. Statistical analysis reveals that proactive behavior partially mediates the influence of creative leadership on employees' creativity. Conformity value moderates not only the relationship between creative leadership and proactive behavior but also the indirect effect of creative leadership on employees' creativity via proactive behavior. The relationship and the mediating mechanism are stronger in the presence of employees' higher conformity value. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications as well as future research directions of the findings.

Incentive mechanism of multiple green innovation behaviors of equipment manufacturing enterprises: A managers, green coordination groups and employees perspective.

Employees play a pivotal role in the implementing of green development strategies and the attainment of dual-carbon objectives within manufacturing enterprises. Effective motivation of employees, fostering consensus on environmental protection, increased engagement in environmental initiatives, and the cultivation of employee cohesion are all vital for fostering green development within these enterprises. This paper seeks to elucidate the roles of general managers, green coordination groups (GCG), and employees in actualizing green behaviors. Furthermore, it advocates for a double incentive model to be employed in the implementing of green strategies within manufacturing enterprises. The research reveals that multiple factors, including incentive intensity, green capability, effort cost, risk aversion, and green variance, significantly influence the formulation of incentive contracts for green behaviors. The motivation level of the general manager directly impacts the efforts of the GCG, the organization's green climate, the manager's individual efforts, and indirectly influences the motivation and efforts of employees towards green behaviors. Notably, the influence of the organization's green climate on employees surpasses than on the manager, underscoring the imperative for collaboration efforts between the general manager and GCG to instill green behaviors among employees. Hence, it is imperative for the general manager and GCG to collaborate not only on critical aspects of green strategy implementation but also in fostering green behaviors among employees. This collaboration will facilitate the development of a multi-layer incentive mechanism aimed at promoting and facilitating the adoption of green behaviors among employees, thus contributing to the advancement of theory regarding employees' green behaviors and offering practical guidance for effectively realizing dual-carbon targets and achieving high-quality development within enterprises.

Analysis of symptoms and influencing factors of low back work-related musculoskeletal disorders among workers in a container manufacturing factory

Objective: To investigate the occurrence of low back work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among workers in a container manufacturing factory, and to explore the influencing factors. Methods: In June 2022, 952 workers from a container factory were selected as the research objects by cluster random sampling. Through questionnaire survey, the incidence of low back WMSDs symptoms among workers in the past one year was collected, and the influencing factors of low back WMSDs were analyzed by logistic regression. Results: The incidence rate of low back WMSDs was 46.7% (445/952). The factors with higher exposure at work were frequent slight bending (77.0%, 733/952), frequent overtime (74.1%, 705/952), and the need to turn around while working (62.3%, 593/952). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age over 40 years old, smoking, drinking, often bending over slightly, sitting for a long time, maintaining a large bending posture for a long time, often working overtime, limited operating space, and there was always a need to complete conflicting things in the container manufacturing factory workers were the risks of increasing the low back WMSDs (OR=1.68, 1.96, 2.47, 1.49, 1.84, 2.11, 1.90, 1.82, 2.00, P<0.05). Standing at work, always friendly colleagues, and always supportive and helpful leaders were protective factors for low back WMSDs (OR=0.60, 0.32, 0.40, P<0.05) . Conclusion: The incidence of low back WMSDs symptoms in container manufacturing workers is high, and work-related factors such as frequent slight bending, long time holding large bending posture and limited operating space are the focus of ergonomic intervention in container manufacturing enterprises.