Manisa Province Research Articles

A New Record of Genus Stigmaeus (Acariformes: Stigmaeidae) from Türkiye

Stigmaeus canestrinii Stathakis, Kapaxidi and Papadoulis, 2019 is founded for the first time from Türkiye and new report the mite fauna of Türkiye. Mites taken from soil and litter samples under Oleae europaea (Oleaceae) Manisa province, Türkiye. S. canestrinii is redescribed and illustrated based on the adult female.

Estimation of biogas potential from poultry manure to 2040 in Türkiye using time series and the artificial neural network (ANN)

The number of poultry in Türkiye constituted approximately 24 % of Europe’s total in 2020. Although Türkiye has a significant number of poultry animals, it has been relatively unsuccessful in terms of managing the associated poultry waste. The present study focuses on poultry manure-based biogas potential (PMBP), which represents an alternative means of poultry manure management in Türkiye. PMBPs were calculated for each year from 2003 to 2021, for which it was found that for 2021, Türkiye's PMBP had increased by 40 % since 2003, reaching 3469 GWh. The possible electrical energy savings that PMBP could provide for lighting, habitation, business, government offices, and industry throughout Türkiye were calculated, with PMBP spatial distribution maps for 2021 created according to geographical region and province. The province with the highest PMBP was found to be Manisa, at 390 GWh. The projected PMBPs were calculated to 2040 using the artificial neural network (ANN) and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA). According to ARIMA, the PMBP for 2040 could potentially be increased by as much as 32 % from that of 2021, while according to ANN predictions, this same increase could be as much as 72 %. The ability to reduce greenhouse gas emissions resulting from poultry manure management in Türkiye through biogas production was calculated. Investors may need to prepare a feasibility study for the establishment of a biogas plant in a suitable region within Manisa province, as it has the highest PMBP among the regions evaluated.

Alpiscorpius orgeli sp. nov., a new scorpion species from Manisa Province, Turkey (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae)

A new species Alpiscorpius orgeli sp. nov. is described based on morphological evidence from Demirci District of Manisa Province in western Turkey. With this addition, the number of scorpion species recorded in Turkey now stands at 22 for the Euscorpiidae family and five for the genus Alpiscorpius. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AAB28EC5-501C-4681-B780-8193F211EFED

Enhancing lignite coal quality with biomass waste in slow pyrolysis Fischer-Tropsch reactor

Coal is a non-renewable natural resource that is widely used in thermal power plants in major industrialized countries. Most of the world's coal contains a high percentage of moisture and ash and a low caloric value. The slow pyrolysis process of coal improves its quality and significantly reduces its smoke and ash. In this study, Soma Kisrakdere lignite coal in Manisa province in Turkey with some biomass wastes (peanut shells, pine cones, and olive seeds) was evaluated by applying a slow pyrolysis process using a Fischer-Tropisch reactor. Firstly, Soma Kisrakdere lignite alone, then each waste biomass was mixed with lignite coal at weight percentages of 10 %, 25 %, and 50 % to form three mixtures for each biomass waste. The process temperature was 500°C, and the temperature rate was 0.1 °C/s. The findings obtained in this study showed that with the increase of weight percentages of biomass which added from biomass waste to lignite coal, the productivity of coal (biochar) decreased and the products of tar, decomposed water, and gases increased. As for calories, its value increased with the increase in weight of the addition the waste of biomass which added where 50 % of biomass additions were the highest value of low heating value (LHV) and high heating value (HHV) and most effective than others which added to lignite coal. Among the biomass residues used, the olive seeds were the most valuable, compared with the peanut shells and pine cones.

Biodiversity of Actinobacteria from Kula Geopark in Türkiye

Investigating the microbial diversity of Actinobacteria inhabiting the soils of the Kula-Salihli Geopark and identifying species at the genus level using 16S rRNA gene sequences are the primary goals of this work. In the literature review of this geopark located within the borders of Manisa province, no study on actinobacterial biodiversity was found. In this study, 10 different selective isolation media were used to investigate the biodiversity of Actinobacteria in the Geopark. A total of 469 Actinobacteria strains were isolated using the dilution-plate method. From these 469 strains, 34 strains were selected based on their colony morphology and pigmentation characteristics. The isolates performed phylogenetic analysis based on sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene region. The isolates were found to belong to nine different genera, including Actinomadura, Amycolatopsis, Kribbella, Micromonospora, Nocardia, Nonomuraea, Pseudonocardia, Saccharothrix and Streptomyces, according to the results of phylogenetic analysis. Five isolates have been identified as novel species as a consequence of our current study.

The public extension in the last quarter century in Manisa Province in Türkiye

Objective: The objective of this study was to reveal some extension indicators in the province, to contribute to the extension memory of the country, and to develop advice for the extension system by examining the change in the last quarter century. Material and Methods: The main material of the study consisted of the data from 229 extensionists working in Manisa Provincial Directorate of Agriculture and Forestry and some district directorates. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine factors affecting occupational satisfaction of extensionists. Results: The number of young, female and university educated extensionists has increased. While the time devoted to extension has decreased, the bureaucratic workload has increased. The number of farmers served by an extensionist increased by 43% during the covered period. Extensionists who spend a lot of time on farmer training were found to become satisfied with their work. Conclusion: The employment policy should be planned in such a way that one extensionist serves 200 farmers. Extension activities should be carried out with project logic by defining criteria such as time, region, targets, budget, opportunities, collaborations, and result indicators.

Addiction Experiences of Women with Substance Use Disorder: The Case of Manisa Province

Addiction Experiences of Women with Substance Use Disorder: The Case of Manisa Province

Determining and Mapping the Fertility Levels of Agricultural Soils in Manisa Demirci and Selendi Districts of Manisa Province

Sürdürülebilir tarımda toprağın verimliliği, ürünün verim gücünden daha önemlidir. Esasta ana öğe topraktır. Toprağın verimliliği, bitkiler yetiştirmenin en önemli şartıdır. Toprakta bitki besin maddelerinin düşük düzeyde olması, yetersiz ve bilinçsiz kültürel işlemler (sulama, gübreleme, ilaçlama vb.) bitkinin sağlıklı gelişimini olumsuz etkiler. Verimli bir toprağın 0.45’inde mineral madde, 0.25’inde su, 0.25’inde oksijen ve 0.05’inde organik olması istenmektedir. Bu koşulları sağlamadığı durumlarda toprağın verim gücü düşük olmaktadır. İdeal bir tarım toprağında, tekstür, su tutma kapasitesi, toprak derinliği, pH, tuz ve kireç içeriği ile organik madde miktarı başlıca verimlilik göstergesidir. Verimliliğin düşük olduğu durumlarda, ekim nöbeti sistemlerinin uygulanması (bölgeye göre), bitki atıklarının yakılmasının önlenmesi, eğimli arazilerde eğime dik toprak işleme, toprak analizine dayalı gübreleme, organik maddeyi arttırıcı önlemler (yeşil gübreleme, kompost, hayvan gübresi uygulamaları) gibi yöntemlerle verimlilik arttırılabilir. Araştırma, Manisa ili Demirci ve Selendi ilçeleri tarım alanlarında toprakların verimlilik potansiyelini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışma çerçevesinde, ilçelerin tarım alanlarını içine alacak şekilde, 0-20 cm derinlikten, 2500 mx2500 m gridlere bölünerek 83 noktadan örnekleme yapılmıştır. Örnekleme yapılan noktalarda; bünye, pH, EC, kireç, organik madde, makro (fosfor, potasyum, kalsiyum, magnezyum) ve mikro element (demir, bakır, çinko, mangan) analizleri yapılmıştır. Sonuçlara göre, bölge üretim alanlarındaki toprakların %26.51’inin kumlu tın (SL), %24.10’unun killi tın (CL) bünyede, %40.96’sının nötr, %38.55’inin hafif alkali, tamamının tuzsuz, %37.35’inin az kireçli, %43.37’sinin organik madde içeriği az, %53.01’inde fosfor, %43.37’sinde magnezyum, %86.75’inde bakır yeter düzeyde, %61.45’inde potasyum, %66.27’sinde kalsiyum fazla seviyede, %65.06’sında demir yüksek, %48.19’unda çinko çok az ve %44.58’inde manganın az olduğu ortaya konulmuştur. Toprak özellikleri belirlendikten sonra, CBS sistemlerinde IDW yöntemi ile dağılım haritaları elde edilmiştir.

Evaluation of the Performance of Gabion Walls as a High-Energy Rockfall Protection System Using 3D Numerical Analysis: A Case Study

Cases of rockfalls that occurred on a slope in the Selendi District of Manisa Province are evaluated in this article. Field studies are evaluated and different measures are examined to reduce rockfall risk. Drone flights are used to evaluate previous studies and obtain 1/1000 scale digital topographic maps. These maps are used to create a 3D (three-dimensional) solid model of the project site, and on-site surveys are conducted to identify source rock locations and free blocks that pose a risk. Those 3D analyses are used to determine the paths, jump heights, and energies of the blocks in motion. The data from the 3D maps are used to determine the most appropriate remediation methods. The structural behavior of the recommended gabion wall, which is designed at a certain height and width as a result of rockfalls, has been examined. Structural behavior is determined by simulation based on the finite element model. Within the scope of this study, the ANSYS Workbench program is used. The “Explicit Dynamics” analysis type in ANSYS Workbench was chosen to examine the rockfall effect.

Development of a “Rapid-Crypto Colorimetric LAMP Test” to Detect Cryptosporidiosis in Feces of Newborns Calves

BackgroundCryptosporidiosis is a disease that causes major intestinal damage in humans and animals. The causative agents of the disease are Cryptosporidium species. In newborn calves, diarrhea can lead to death, resulting in significant economic losses for the farms. Therefore, accurate, rapid, and cost-effective diagnosis of the disease is very important.Material and methodsIn this study, a novel colorimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) test named “Rapid-Crypto Colorimetric LAMP test” targeting Cryptosporidium spp. 18S rRNA gene was developed to detect cryptosporidiosis in the feces of newborn calves. The analytical sensitivity of the test was determined by plasmid controls. Clinical sensitivity was determined using the feces of 127 calves collected from farms in İzmir and Manisa provinces. All of the samples were also investigated with Real-Time PCR targeting the Cryptosporidium spp. COWP gene. Cross-reactivity was tested using the DNA of other parasites and bacteria.ResultsAccording to the results, the analytical sensitivity of the “Rapid-Crypto Colorimetric LAMP test” was found as 1 copy plasmid/reaction. When the results were compared with the Real-Time PCR test, the sensitivity of the “Rapid-Crypto Colorimetric LAMP test” was 100% and the specificity was 97.4%. The test did not cross-react with other parasites and bacteria. ConclusionThe “Rapid-Crypto Colorimetric LAMP test” developed in this study provides an advantage in the diagnosis of Cryptosporidium spp. in calf stool samples since it can be applied in basic laboratories or in the field, does not require experienced personnel, and has high sensitivity. Moreover, diagnosis can be made with the naked eye without using any device.

Contributions to the tribes Othiini and Xantholinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae) of Trkiye from the Aegean Region.

The main object of this study is to make contributions to the Staphylininae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) fauna of Trkiye with additional records from tribes Othiini and Xantholinini and a new species of Xantholinus Dejean, 1821. Examined material was composed of specimens collected from the Aegean Region between 20192022. A total of 18 species were recorded, belonging to nine genera and two tribes. Three of these are new records for Aegean Region. Furthermore, a new species, Xantholinus (Calolinus) manisaensis sp. n., is described from Manisa province. Description of the new species, photographs of habitus, genital segment and aedeagus as well as a differential diagnosis are also provided. The global distributions of the above species are included, and the zoogeographic status of each species is discussed. Previous records from the study area are compared to and evaluated with our findings. The majority of the collected species were European and Asian in distribution, reflecting the regional character and geographical position of Trkiye. It can be concluded that climate change has negatively affected biodiversity and with species loss as a possible result.

The effect of different altitudeson nut properties and yield in “Chandler” walnut variety

Objective: It was aimed to evaluate and interpret nut parameters of “Chandler”walnut variety at two different altitudes according to years.
 Material and Methods: Thisresearch was conducted in a commercial orchard located at an altitude of 50 and 750 m in Manisa province during 2017 and 2021 years. “Chandler” walnut variety was used as plant material.
 Results: Accordingly, the highest nut weight was determined as 13.89 g at 50 m altitude in 2018. The highest nut width, length, and height values were detected in the same year and altitude. For altitudes of 50 m and 750 m, the shell thickness was thin (1.38 mm and 1.30 mm) in 2020,whereas it was thick (2.16 mm and 1.83 mm) in 2019. A light kernel color was stated at 750 m in 2019. The shrinkage value was found to be much less at 750 m (9.41%). Higher yield was obtained at 50 m altitude. On the other hand, In the principal component analysis, the most important distinguishing features in terms of years were kernel weight for 50 m and kernel ratio for 750 m altitudes.
 Conclusion: It was detected that the nut characteristicssuch as kernel ratio, nut length, L* value and shrinkage ratiowere superiordue to the increase in altitude. However, the yield was found to be higher at low altitudes.

Suicide Risk among the Octogenarian Age Group: A Comparative Study

We aimed to investigate the factors that affect the likelihood of suicide in the elderly, with a focus on individuals aged 80 and older. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 7 nursing homes in the Manisa province, Turkiye. The data has been collected through face-toface using a socio-demographic data form, the life satisfaction scale, and the suicide probability scale. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0, non-parametric statistical methods have been employed. The study included 278 elderly participants, 5 outliers were removed from the analysis. Among the included elderly participants (n=273), the anger score averages of males were higher. Low, high, and moderate income were found to have a higher suicide probability respectively. Those who resided in a nursing home for 3 years or more had higher anger scores. Elderly individuals residing in publicly funded nursing homes had higher averages in suicide probability, negative self, exhaustion, and anger scores. Further analyses were performed among the octogenarian population (n=149). Octogenarian males had higher scores in Suicide Probability, Disconnection from Life, and Anger Scale than the female octagenarian participants. Octogenarians with low income were found to experience a lack of attachment to life and higher levels of anger. In publicly funded nursing homes, octogenarians had higher suicide probability and anger scores compared to those in private nursing homes. The risk of suicide in octogenarians should be taken seriously. Factors such as gender, income level, and type of nursing home can influence this risk.

A New Record of Genus Parastigmaeus (Acariformes: Stigmaeidae) from Türkiye

Parastigmaeus urmiaensis Mohammad Doustaresharaf and Bagheri, 2019 is founded for the first time from Türkiye and new report to genus Parastigmaeus the mite fauna of Türkiye. One female specimen of the species is collected from soil and litter under Spartium junceum (Fabaceae) Manisa province, Türkiye. P. urmiaensis is redescribed and illustrated based on the adult female.

The Effects of Gibberellic Acid and Cane Girdling of Applications on Crimson Seedless Grape Variety of Cluster and Berry Characteristics

‘Crimson Seedless’ grape variety is a late maturity and small berry size. Berry size is one of the most important quality parameters of table grapes. This trial was carried out in the Crimson Seedless (Vitis vinifera L.) grower vineyard in Sarıgöl (dadağlı) locality of Manisa province in the 2022 vegetation period. A randomized complete block design was used with vines as blocks and clusters as the experimental unit’s four treatments and four replications. Vine bunches of Crimson Seedless grape variety, ten years old, were sprayed extensively with a GA3 (Gibberellic Acid) solution (20 mg L-1) on the 25th of April 10th of May, and 10th of June/2022, while girdling (G) was applied from removing 3 mm diameter bark all around from 10 cm below the top of the vine trunk at fruit set stage. Control (C) only water was sprayed. This study aimed to reveal gibberellic acid and cane girdling applications on Crimson Seedless cluster and berry characteristics. Harvest (oBrix 19) was done on the 10th of October/2022 and after that, the cluster weight (g), cluster length (cm), cluster width (cm), berry weight (g), berry length (mm), berry diameter (mm), berry length/berry diameter, total soluble solid, total acidity and maturity index were determined in fresh fruit samples randomly taken from each vine. It was found that all applications generally had statistically (P

Fifth Grade Students' Performance and Common Errors in Equivalent Fractions

This study aimed to investigate the performance and common errors of fifth grade students in equivalent fractions. The study was conducted with 435 fifth grade students from two different middle schools in Salihli, which is a district of Manisa province, in the spring semester of the 2021 – 2022 academic year. In the study, survey design, one of the descriptive research models, was used. As a data collection tool, a test was developed by the researchers. Equivalent Fractions Knowledge Test, which consists of six open – ended questions, was administered to all fifth grade students at once. Students’ responses were analysed with descriptive statistical methods (frequency and percentage values). According to the results, the overall performance of students in the test was low. It was observed that the students showed the highest performance in a question which includes area model, and the lowest performance in a question given in context which includes set model. Additionally, the most common error was that students consider multiplying a fraction by 2 and expanding it by 2 as the same algorithm while they also think similarly dividing a fraction by 2 and simplifying it by 2 as the same algorithm.

Detección de infección por Brucella canis en perros de raza Pit Bull en Turquía

Brucella canis infection is an often neglected but important zoonotic disease. This study aims to determine its seroprevalence in Pit Bull dogs from the Western Region of the Turkish Anatolian Peninsula. In the Province of Manisa, 2 mL blood samples were taken from the antebrachial region of 35 Pit Bull dogs using sterile K2EDTA (3.6 mg) blood tubes, and the samples were analyzed using both the mercaptoethanol (ME) microagglutination test and B. canis–specific PCR techniques. Of the 35 dogs tested by 2–ME RSAT, 13 (37.14%) tested positive and 22 (63%) tested negative. Of the 13 dogs that tested positive for 2–ME RSAT, 8 (22.85%) were female, and 5 (14.28%) were male. Subsequent PCR analysis of all samples revealed that 7 (20%; 7/35) of the samples that tested positive for 2–ME RSAT were actually B. canis–specific PCR positive. These findings suggest that B. canis is present in Pit Bull dogs, although they provide a general idea of the disease's prevalence of the disease in the region. Multicentre studies with larger numbers of cases in different groups of Pit Bulls, such as healthy, patient and risk groups, are needed to provide comprehensive evidence.

Descriptions of some caligonellid and stigmaeid mites (Acariformes: Raphignathoidea) from Manisa province, Türkiye

A new species viz. Molothrognathus acus sp. nov., collected from litter and soil under Pinus brutia (Pinaceae), Molothrognathus tauricus Khaustov, 2021 is recorded for the first time in Turkey and the unknown male of Prostigmaeus amplius Doğan et al., 2020, collected from litter and soil under Olea europaea (Oleaceae) in Manisa province, Türkiye, is described and illustrated. A key to the species of Molothrognathus from Türkiye is provided.

Sociocultural problems of seasonal migrant agricultural workers in Manisa region (Turkey): a qualitative study

Agriculture is a mode of production that maintains its importance for humanity across all historical periods. Despite the development of technology and the mechanization that comes with it, agricultural labour continues to be the basic element of agricultural production. Seasonal work is one of the most common types of agricultural work, which is shaped by the different production conditions in a country. In Turkey, where agricultural product diversity is quite high due to a favourable climate, most agricultural workers migrate to different regions seasonally for work in agricultural production. Therefore, it is important to evaluate this group’s problems and life experiences from sociocultural and economic perspectives. In this respect, research was carried out using qualitative techniques in the towns of Kavaklidere and Piyadeler in the Alasehir District of Manisa Province. These regions are important seasonal destinations for migrant agricultural workers during harvest periods. These regions produce 1/3 of the seedless raisins in the country. In-depth interviews were conducted with 20 seasonal migrant agricultural workers determined by judgemental sampling, and semistructured observations were carried out in the research area. Based on the results of this research, this study reveals that seasonal migrant agricultural workers in the region live at standards far below the general welfare level of society. Workers generally do not have social security. However, seasonal agricultural work for migrants has turned into a regular work- and lifestyle. The most important reason for this situation is poverty in rural areas. The workers are different from the local people in terms of ethnic origin. However, there is a long-standing relationship of trust between the local people and the workers. Workers do not have any problems with wages. These are other factors that ensure the continuity of seasonal agricultural work. In this context, this study proposes that the project (METIP) carried out by the government for seasonal migrant agricultural workers in Turkey should be transformed into an employment-guaranteed national programme that includes solutions for all the problems identified in the field studies.

Serotipado de Escherichia coli aisladas de pollos de engorde y determinación de resistencia a la Colistina

Systemic infections by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) are economically damaging to poultry industries Worldwide. E. coli strains of serotypes O1, O2, O18 and O78 are preferentially associated with avian colibacillosis. The rfb gene cluster that controls O antigen synthesis generally varies among different E. coli serotypes. In this study, the rfb gene clusters of E. coli serotypes O1, O2, O18 and O78 were characterized and compared, and it was also aimed to search for Colistin resistance on a molecular basis. For the research, 200 swab samples were taken from 200 chickens suspected of colibacillosis in broiler poultry farms located in the vicinity of Aydın, İzmir, and Manisa Provinces in Turkey 2022. Bacterial growth was obtained from 92% of the samples, and microbiological analysis identified 108 (54%) Escherichia coli isolates. In addition, Klebsiella spp. was identified in 35 (17.5%) samples, Proteus spp. in 23 (11.5%), Pseudomonas spp. in 18 (9%), and no bacterial growth was observed in 16 (8%) samples. mcr-1 (309 bp) and mcr–2 (567 bp) genes responsible for Colistin resistance was investigated in plasmid DNA extracted from 108 E. coli isolates obtained in the study, using the PCR method. However, neither mcr-1 nor mcr–2 genes were detected in any of the samples. In conclusion, the allele-specific PCR method was found sensitive and applicable for APEC identification and multiple drug resistance emerged in E. coli strains isolated according to the antibiogram results.