Manifestation Of Diabetes Mellitus Research Articles

Cовременные методики хирургического лечения пролиферативной диабетической ретинопатии, осложненной тракционной отслойкой сетчатки

With the development of vitreoretinal surgery, problems and issues related to various approaches to the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy are becoming increasingly important. This review presents the issues of pathogenesis, epidemiology, classification, surgical treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy, as well as the evolution of the technique, and its transition from the application of greater surgical access to small. The data on the existence of surgical access through a small caliber, bimanual technique, types of tamponade substances used in the course of surgical intervention in this pathology are given. Also, in this review is considered a phased surgical technique in the treatment of traction retinal detachment, tools used, including vitreous, endovitreal tweezers, endovitreal scissors and others. Despite advances in the treatment of ocular manifestations of diabetes mellitus, glycemic control, advances in laser surgery, vitreoretinal surgery, traction retinal detachment remains a serious problem, causing decreased vision in patients with both type I and type II diabetes, and requires immediate surgical intervention.

A clinical study of cutaneous manifestations in diabetes mellitus

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common endocrine disorder1.At least 30% of diabetics have some cutaneous involvement during the course of their disease 1. Type II patients do develop more frequent cutaneous infections, whereas type I patients develop more autoimmune- type cutaneous lesions 2,3. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and pattern of skin manifestations among diabetic patients. Methods: 100 patients of diabetes mellitus with skin manifestations who consecutively attended DVL outpatient department and willing to participate in the study were enrolled in this study. Skin examination was done and findings entered to computer database for analysis. Results: Among 100 patients, there were 56 males and 44 females the youngest patient being 19 years old and eldest was 77 years old. Cutaneous infections were the most commonly observed dermatoses (51%), followed by dermatoses more commonly associated with diabetes mellitus (36%), non specific dermatoses (23%), neuropathic and ischemic diabetic skin disease (5%), due to microangiopathy (4%), metabolic disorders (3%) and cutaneous reactions to therapy (3%).Among cutaneous infections, fungal infections (38%) are the most common dermatoses followed by bacterial infections (11%) and viral infections (2%). Tinea corporis was the most common fungal infection and furunculosis (3%) was most common bacterial infection. Among the common dermatoses associated with diabetes mellitus (36%) majority presented with pruritus secondary to xerosis (12 patients, 12%) followed by 11 cases (11%) of psoriasis, 4 cases of vitiligo, 2 patients each (2%) of acrochordons, lichen planus and macular amyloidosis, 1 patient each (1%) of acanthosis nigricans, alopecia universalis and kyrles disease. Among patients with non specific dermatoses, eczema was most common followed by pemphigus, acne vulgaris and hidradenitis suppurativa. Conclusion: Infections were the most common cutaneous manifestations in diabetes, followed by dermatoses most commonly associated with diabetes. Cutaneous manifestations are more common in patients who have overall poor glycemic control. Cutaneous manifestations can heighten the suspicion of a physician regarding the diagnosis of diabetes and help to prevent systemic derangements by early institution of appropriate treatment.

Dermatological manifestations in diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the common endocrine disorder, which affects all ages and socioeconomic groups. The prolonged hyperglycemia may responsible for the diabetic complications. Multiple factors contribute to the onset of cutaneous manifestations in diabetes mellitus. The present study aimed tostudy the pattern of various cutaneous manifestations associated with diabetes mellitus.The present study was conducted at Dermatology, Diabetic Clinic of a teaching tertiary care centre hospital. A total of 120 subjects were included in this study. Patients were selected on the basis of dermatological signs and/or symptoms. Detailed history and clinical examination with special emphasis on dermatological complaints and signs was done for all the study subjects. Under aseptic conditions, blood samples were collected and used for the estimation of blood glucose, bacterial infections-Gram stain and isolation of organism by culture, fungal infections- KOH (potassium hydroxide) mount, Gram stain (for Candida) and isolation of organism by culture. Skin biopsies were performed wherever necessary.In the present study, 120 subjects were included from both genders. Pruritus was the predominant symptom observed. Acrochordons, Candidial Balanoposthitis, Tinea Corporis were observed in highest number of patients. Infective dermatoses were observed in 72 (60%) patients. The non-infective dermatoses was reported in 56 (46.7%) patients. On bacterial culture, Pyogenic Ulcer was observed in 4. KOH test and culture were carried on 14 candidal infections and 17 dermatophyte infection and observed KOH mount positive were observed in 11 cases and culture positive was observed in 8 cases.In the present study results indicates pruritus was the most common symptom in diabetic subjects. Infective dermatoses were more common than the non-infective dermatoses. Tinea corporis/cruris was most common clinical entity. 21.6% patients suffered from cutaneous bacterial infections, the most frequently encountered clinical entity being furunculosis. Staphylococcus aureus The commonest non-infective clinical entity was acrochordons(skin tags). Patients with diabetes may develop cutaneous manifestations of diabetic complications. Careful dermatological examination and follow-up of diabetes mellitus patients is required to provide them adequate skin management.

Skin candidiasis as a consequence of carbohydrate disorder

Summary. The purpose is to conduct a scientific literature sources research about features of the clinical course of skin candidiasis in patients suffered from diabetes mellitus. 
 Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of the literature has been carried out about the presence of various skin form of candidiasis in patients suffered from diabetes mellitus. 
 Results of research and discussion. An analysis of literature sources has established that 285 million adults are suffering from diabetes mellitus all over the world. One third of them has skin rash, which can be divided into 3 groups: primary, secondary, dermatoses, caused by drugs used for the diabetes mellitus treatment. The most common clinical manifestation of diabetes mellitus is candidiasis, caused by more than 186 species of the genus Candida pathogens. 
 Conclusion. The precursor of the diabetes mellitus onset is often skin candidiasis, so you need to have a profound knowledge of its various forms diagnostics.

EFEKTIVITAS DAUN RAMANIA ASAL KALIMANTAN SELATAN UNTUK MENURUNKAN KADAR GULA DARAH

Ramania or Gandaria is a swamp plant in the area of South Kalimantan from one of the mango families that is not cultivated by the community, the types are diverse, including fruit size, flavor, and color. Ramania leaves have properties to reduce blood sugar levels. High blood sugar levels are a manifestation of diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of ramania leaf extract as a decrease in blood sugar levels with the oral glucose tolerance test (TTGO) method. This study was a true experimental with a pre-post test design with randomized control group design. The stages of the research method were carried out with a preliminary stage and an antidiabetic activity test stage with an oral glucose tolerance test (TTGO) method with Sprague Dawley strain male rats. The results of the research that have been done can be concluded that the extract of ramania leaf (Bouea macrophylla Griffith) can reduce the blood sugar levels of white mice (Mus muscullus) which are induced by alloxan. The dose used in this study was the lowest dose 0.455 mg / 200 kg body weight, treatment group 2 (P2) with moderate dose (usual use dose) 0.91 mg / 200 g body weight, and treatment group 3 (P3) with high dose 1, 82 mg / 200 g BW. Of the three groups approaching positive control, P3 with blood sugar levels after 14 days of treatment was 77.08 mg / dL and 77.79 mg / dL, respectively.

Autonomic manifestations in diabetes mellitus: A case control study in rural population

Autonomic dysfunction is one which is often a disabling complication of Diabetes Mellitus. Failure to recognize the symptoms in a diabetic autonomic dysfunction may lead to a substantial morbidity and mortality, however insidious the onset may be. Thus, knowing its importance, this study features the various clinical manifestations of Autonomic Dysfunction in Diabetes, in the rural area, and by simple bedside tests. This study aims to detect cases of autonomic dysfunction and its significant correlation with Diabetes. This study was carried out on 50 patients with Diabetes Mellitus and 50 healthy controls. Autonomic function bedside tests were conducted on all study participants and the autonomic scores were calculated. Electrocardiograms were taken to calculate the corrected QT-interval. Glycemic profile was measured in all the subjects. Comparison of these parameters were done between the Diabetic and control group. Significant positive autonomic scores were observed in all the tests in diabetic group when compared to the study group. Impotence (36%), postural giddiness (30%) and sweating disturbances (26%) were the common symptoms noted among the diabetic group. Prolonged QTc interval of value greater than >0.44 was seen in 18 subjects (36%) in the diabetic group where it is seen only in 4 subjects (4%) in the control group. Among the diabetic group mean HbA1c for those with negative autonomic scores was 5.98±1.41% as compared to 7.24±2.42% with positive autonomic scores. Thus, there is an increased incidence of autonomic dysfunction among diabetic patients. The increased autonomic scores are suggestive of the same. Keywords: Autonomic function tests, Diabetes Mellitus, HbA1c, QT interval, Autonomic neuropathy.

Domination of gastric Complications Among Diabetic Patients

This article covers the epidemiology, pathophysiology/complications and management of diabetic gastroparesis (DGP), and more broadly diabetic gastroenteropathy, which encompasses all the gastrointestinal manifestations of diabetes mellitus (DM). Hyperglycemia, autonomic neuropathy, and enteric neuromuscular inflammation and injury are implicated in the pathogenesis of delayed gastric emptying (GE). Initial options include dietary modifications, supplemental oral nutrition, and antiemetic and prokinetic medications. Patients with more severe symptoms may require a venting gastrostomy or jejunostomy and/or gastric electrical stimulation (GES). To date, few population-based studies have estimated the true prevalence and incidence of gastroparesis. Nonetheless, its prevalence appears to be rising, as does its incidence among minority populations, documented via hospitalizations, which can impose significant economic burdens on patients.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS BETWEEN DIABETIC AND NON DIABETIC PATIENTS

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most important manifestation of diabetes mellitus. Objectives: To assess the extent of CAD in diabetic and non diabetic patients undergoing coronary angiography. Materials and Methods: 793 patients with suspected CAD, 202 diabetics and 591 non-diabetics were enrolled in the study. All patients underwent coronary angiography. Results: Normal coronaries were more common in non diabetic patients. Age at first presentation in diabetics was earlier as compared to non-diabetics. Diabetic female patients presented as early as third decade of life. Single vessel involvement was significantly more in non diabetics [40.27%] as compared to diabetic patients[19.8%][P= <0.001], while there were statistically no significant differences in double vessel disease in both groups [P= 0.572]. Triple vessel disease were more common in diabetic than non diabetic patients [P= <0.001]. Left main disease, left circumflex coronary artery disease, coronary calcification, diffuse disease and CTOs were more common in diabetic patients. Conclusion: The severity and extent of CAD and incidence of triple vessel disease was significantly high in diabetics when compared to non diabetics.
 Key Words: Coronary angiography; Coronary artery disease; Diabetes mellitus.

Cutaneous manifestations in diabetes mellitus: A study among 500 patients in a tertiary care center in South India

Cutaneous manifestations in diabetes mellitus: A study among 500 patients in a tertiary care center in South India - IJCED- Print ISSN No: - 2581-4710 Online ISSN No:- 2581-4729 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.ijced.2019.031, IP Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology-IP Indian J Clin Exp Dermatol

Assessment of Pradhana Sharir and Manas Prakriti(bodily and mental constitution) in the manifestation of diabetes mellitus

Background and Aim: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most menacing disorder in Ayurveda, and it is equated to Madhumeha. The concept of Prakriti (human constitution) can be applied for manifestation and prognosis of diseases. Therefore, in this study, we intend to study Pradhana Sharira and Manas Prakriti (dominant bodily and mental constitution) in Madhumeha (DM)) participants. Materials and Methods: Prakriti of 103 participants of DM was assessed as per Prakriti assessment pro forma. Vata-, Pitta-, and Kapha Dosha (bodily humors)-dominant Prakriti were analyzed according to the characteristics found in participants. Results: Nearly 38.46% Kapha Pradhana Prakriti and 41.5% Tamas Pradhana Prakriti participants were found maximum. Conclusion: Dominant Kapha and Tamas Prakriti have influence on the manifestation of Madhumeha (DM).

PERITONITE OR DEBUT OF DIABETES MELLITUS

Peritonitis is a common complication in pediatric surgery. It can occur not only in acute surgical pathology, but also in diseases of the general pediatric profile, for example, in diabetes mellitus. Quite often just the peritonitis is the manifestation of diabetes mellitus. However, when there is a syndrome of the “acute” abdomen, “stressful” hyperglycemia may occur, which is aimed at maintaining the vital activity of the body. Determination the level of blood glucose fails to provide an opportunity to differentiate them. There is always a risk of diagnostic errors.

Kidney manifestations of diabetes mellitus – A Review

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus, especially T2DM is on the increase worldwide and in a developing country like india, as of date approximately 30 – 40% of population are identified as having DM. Sedentary life style, obesity, increased BMI, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, delayed diagnosis and metabolic syndrome are some of the factors that lead to the development of DM. Extensive research have been conducted in this field and still more studies are being undertaken. The first organ affected in all uncontrolled DM patients is the kidney, followed by liver and cardiac. Kidney disease predominantly account for increased mortality among T2DM and is the main cause of CKD as well as DN. Treatment of CKD due to uncontrolled T2DM is still controversial because of the scarcity of evidence available. MA plays a significant role in screening pre and established DM. Increased levels of urate is identified as one of the metabolic disturbances in T2DM. This review article summaries the research findings during the last two decades on the manifestations of kidney disease in T2DM.

ИНДИВИДУАЛИЗАЦИЯ ФИЗИЧЕСКОЙ НАГРУЗКИ ДЛЯ ФУТБОЛИСТОВ С САХАРНЫМ ДИАБЕТОМ

Aim. The article deals with the individualization of training for football players with diabetes. Materials and methods. The study was conducted during a one-year cycle on football players with diabetes in Moscow (Olympic Village-80) and at the Championship on mini-football for people with diabetes DiaEuro-2016 in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The study consisted of several stages. In the experiment, 22 football players with diabetes mellitus took part, who were allowed to regular trainings and mini-football competitions. The experimental group consisted of 11 players of the Russian national team. The control group included 11 players of the Serbia national team. The age of players was from 18 to 41 years. In the control and experimental groups, we conducted control tests to assess the speed, speed and strength qualities and special endurance. We recorded the matches to analyze the technique and tactics of each player. We also assessed glycated hemoglobin before and after the experiment in football players from the Russian national team. The pedagogical experiment covered the annual training cycle 2015 - 2016. It consisted of the preparatory period, divided into two stages (general preparation and special preparation), and competitive period. At the end of the experiment, we conducted tests to analyze the effect of the method used on football players with manifestation of diabetes mellitus. Results. The experimental program of sports training for football players with diabetes mellitus covered a one-year training cycle. At the beginning and at the end of the experiment, we assessed glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and insulin dosage in athletes with diabetes mellitus. To achieve HbA1c targets the athletes kept strictly to a diet and controlled blood sugar 8-10 times a day. At the end of the experiment, we registered that the majority of players (7 people) had perfect HbA1c (63.64 %), 4 players had optimal HbA1c (36.36 %), and nobody demonstrated sub compensation and decompensation. Conclusion. As a result of the implementation of our method in the preparatory period, players with diabetes improved their physical fitness indicators and the average index of glycated hemoglobin in comparison with the control group. The results obtained for the players of the Russian national team during competitions (control games and games of the Championship on mini-football for people with diabetes) prove the necessity of training individualization for athletes with diabetes participating in mini-football competitions.

Unilateral central retinal vein occlusion as a first manifestation of diabetes mellitus in a ten-year-old girl

Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is relatively rare in the pediatric age group. We present a case of CRVO as the first manifestation of diabetes mellitus in a ten-year-old girl. The associated macular edema was managed successfully with a single injection of Ranibizumab. Ophthalmologists should consider the possibility of diabetes mellitus in pediatric cases of CRVO.

Spectrum of Cutaneous Manifestations of Diabetes Mellitus: An Observational Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital

Introduction: Diabetes leads to destruction all over the body and the skin is not exempted from the attack. The skin shares both the effects of acute gross metabolic derangement and chronic degenerative changes of diabetes, as it are an actively metabolizing tissue.Aims and objectives: To study the clinical patterns of dermatological manifestations of diabetes mellitus in the region of eastern India.Methods: Sixty consecutive subjects with diabetes mellitus having dermatological manifestations and satisfying the inclusion criteria were included in this study.Results: Bacterial infections were the commonest dermatological disorder (46.7%). Different forms of dermatophyte infections and candidiasis were found in 30% and 23.3% subjects, respectively. Diabetic dermopathy or ‘shin spot’ and diabetic foot with gangrenous changes were found in 20% and 13.3% subjects, respectively. Skin manifestations associated with diabetes were the second most common skin disorders and constituted 43.3% (26 out of 60 cases). Pruritus of unknown origin and xerosis (13.3%) were the most common cutaneous abnormalities in the group associated with diabetes. Other cutaneous manifestations, namely pigmented purpuric dermatosis (6.6%), psoriasis (3.3%), vitiligo (6.6%), lichen planus (3.3%), porokeartosis (3.3%), sclerosis, diabetic thick skin and contracture (6.6%), lipodystrophy (3.3%), skin rashes (6.6%) and scar with abscess (1.6%), were very rare.Conclusions: Our study has provided some insights into the pattern of dermatological manifestations in diabetes mellitus. A larger prospective study will further consolidate our main objective that management of diabetes is a holistic one and due attention on skin complications is warranted.

Different oral manifestations of diabetes mellitus and its complications a review

Different oral manifestations of diabetes mellitus and its complications a review

Dermatological Manifestations in Diabetes Mellitus at NGMCTH Kohalpur

Background: Skin is the largest and most visible organ in the body. It undoubtedly determines to a great extent our appearance and plays a major role in socio-sexual communication. More than one third of diabetic patients have some type of dermatologic 1 manifestations during the course of their chronic disease . The association of certain skin diseases with diabetes mellitus has been 2 3 fairly well recognized with an incidence rate ranging from 11.4% to 66%. At least 30% of patients with diabetes mellitus have some 4 5 type of cutaneous involvement during the course of their chronic disease. Skin sugar levels run parallel to the blood sugar levels. Skin changes generally appear subsequent to the development of DM but may be the first presenting sign or even precede the 6 diagnosis by many years. Among the many skin manifestations in DM, none is pathognomonic of this disease. Cutaneous findings in DM can be classified into four categories: (1) skin disease with strong association and others with less distinct association with DM, (2) cutaneous infections, (3) dermatological disorders related to diabetic complications, and (4) skin conditions related to diabetes 7 treatments.Objectives: This study was undertaken to find out the pattern of Dermatological manifestations in Diabetes patients attending Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur. Method and material: This is a hospital- based descriptive study conducted in the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology of Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur between September 2013 to August 2014. A total of 100 patients were included in the study. History and clinical examinations were performed and the data were recorded and analyzed. Results: The age of the patients ranged from 20 years to 85 years with the mean age of 51.7+12.13 years. The most common age groups were 46-55 years (36%) followed by 56-65 years (24.7%) and 36-45 years (17.3%), 66-75 years (9.3%), 76-85 years (12.7%). Among the 100 patients of diabetes ellitus, there were 44(44%) males and 56 (56%) females. Among the cutaneous disorders commonly associated with diabetes, infections were the most prevalent. 59(59%) out of 100 patients had skin infections.Conclusions: Patients with Diabetes can present with array of cutaneous disorders. Cutaneous infections formed the largest group of dermatoses in this study. Increased incidence of cutaneous infections mainly fungal and bacterial was noticed in majority diabetics emphasizing the need for more aggressive management of diabetes mellitus. Among infective dermatoses, fungal infections were the most common, with Candidal infections being more common than dermatophytosis.JNGMC Vol. 13 No. 2 December 2015, Page: 31-34

Study of Mucocutaneous Manifestations in Diabetes Mellitus

Study of Mucocutaneous Manifestations in Diabetes Mellitus

Disorders of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Children: Diabetes Mellitus

The lecture for the postgraduate medical education system analyzes the etiology, species, key links in pathogenesis, manifestations of diabetes mellitus and its complications in children. Case problems and multiple choice tests are given.

Cutaneous manifestations of diabetes mellitus in children

Skin lesions in diabetes mellitus may be caused by metabolic disorders and develop due to insulin injections as a result of concurrent infection or in syndromic forms of diabetes. The skin lesions caused by metabolic disorders include diabetic dermopathy, diabetic bladder, necrobiosis lipoidica, granuloma annulare, eruptive xanthomas, scleroderma, and vitiligo. Children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus have frequently skin infections, such as cutaneous and mucosal candidiasis (stomatitis, vaginitis, onychomycosis, paronychia, perleche, and candidiasis ofskin folds and interdigitalspaces), and bacterialskin infections. The sequels of insulin injections include post-injection lipodystrophies, swelling, and allergic reactions. Early referral to a dermatologist assistsin identifying skin changesin the early stage of diabetes and in using timely combination therapy.