Mandibular Left Lateral Incisor Research Articles

Replacing An Extracted Natural Tooth As A Pontic By Using Fiber-Reinforced Composite: A Case Report

Summary: Losing an anterior tooth could be extremely devastating for the patient and to address the psychological and emotional trauma of the patient, quick replacement is crucial. A contemporary conservative choice is a Fiber-Reinforced composite bridge. The current case report describes the fractured permanent mandibular left lateral incisor which needed to be extracted followed by the replacement of the same natural tooth crown as a pontic using Fiber-reinforced composite (Ribbond). The results were satisfying to the patient, both aesthetically and functionally. Long-term follow-up studies are needed to further evaluate this treatment option in the future. Keywords: tooth, denture design, composite resins

Predictor factors of 1-rooted mandibular second molars on complicated root and canal anatomies of other mandibular teeth.

This study aimed to determine the effects of 1-rooted mandibular second molar (MnSM) teeth on root canal anatomy complexities of the mandibular central incisor (MnCI), mandibular lateral incisor (MnLI), mandibular canine (MnCn), mandibular first premolar (MnFP), mandibular second premolar (MnSP), and mandibular first molar (MnFM) teeth. Cone-beam computed tomography images of 600 patients with full lower dentition were examined. Individuals with 1-rooted MnSMs were determined, and the complexity of root canal anatomy of other teeth was compared with individuals without 1-rooted MnSMs (Group-1; subjects with at least one 1-rooted MnSM, Group-2; subjects with more than a single root in both MnSMs). A second canal in MnCIs, MnLIs, MnCns, MnFPs, and MnSPs indicated a complicated root canal. The presence of a third root in MnFMs was recorded as complicated. The prevalence of 1-rooted MnSMs was 12.2%, with the C-shaped root type being the most prevalent (9%). There were fewer complicated root canals in MnCIs (p = 0.02), MnLIs (p < 0.001), and MnFPs (p < 0.001) in Group 1. The other teeth showed no difference between the groups (p > 0.05). According to logistic regression analysis, 1-rooted right MnSMs had a negative effect on having complex canal systems of MnLIs and MnFPs. Left MnSMs were explanatory variables on left MnLIs and both MnFPs. In individuals with single-rooted MnSMs, a less complicated root canal system was observed in all teeth except the MnFMs.

Unilateral gemination: A case report

Introduction: Dental gemination is an uncommon developmental anomaly characterized by an enlarged bifid tooth crown. Case Report: This case report presents clinical and radiographic findings of gemination affecting a mandibular left lateral incisor in a 20-year-old female patient. The patient presented for a routine dental examination, which revealed an abnormal crown morphology of the mandibular left lateral incisor. There was no associated symptomology. Radiographic analysis confirmed the presence of a single root and root canal beneath the bifid tooth crown. Based on the clinical and radiographic features, a diagnosis of gemination was made. The treatment plan options were discussed with the patient, who opted not to restore the anomalous tooth. Instead, the geminated tooth will be kept under observation with regular monitoring and preventive care. Conclusion: This case provides an example of the importance of proper diagnosis of developmental dental anomalies. It also underscores the role of patient preferences in determining appropriate management of incidental findings like asymptomatic geminated teeth.

Does the traditional or digital dental model measurement method affect the results?: A validation study

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy, reliability and reproducibility of measurements made on digital models obtained using OrthoAnalyzer (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) and Materialize 3 matic (MIMICS , Leuven, Belgium) software by comparing them with measurements made on dental plaster models.&#x0D; Methods: The teeth of 50 individuals were measured and plaster models were obtained. In addition, digital images were obtained from the patients with Trios intraoral scanner. A total of 30 linear measurements were made using OrthoAnalyzer and Materialize 3 matic software, including the mesiodistal width of the teeth, arch perimeter, intercanine and intermolar distances. All measurements were made by two different examiners. For the first and second measurements of the first examiner, intraexaminer reliability was calculated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), two way mixed model, consistency type. &#x0D; Results: The largest mean difference between Materialize 3 matic and caliper measurements was -0.136 mm in maxillary right first premolar and maxillary left lateral incisor. The smallest mean difference was 0.0029 mm in the mandibular left lateral incisor. In transverse measurements, the largest mean difference was found in the upper intercanine distance of 0.117 mm, and the smallest mean difference was 0.0086 mm in the upper intermolar distance. The largest mean difference between OrthoAnalyzer and caliper measurements was 0.107 mm in the maxillary right lateral incisor, and the smallest mean difference was 0.0049 mm in the maxillary left lateral incisor. &#x0D; Conclusions: Linear distance measurements with three-dimensional digital models are a valid, reliable and reproducible method compared to plaster models.

The Spontaneous Correction of Gingival Recession of the Mandibular Lateral Incisor through Orthodontic Torque Control: A Case Report

In this clinical case, we report the effectiveness of the orthodontic treatment in correcting severe gingival recession and bone dehiscence by repositioning the root into the alveolar bony housing of a 29-year-old female patient. Cone-beam computed tomography was used to assess the 3-dimentional root position and bone parameters before and after treatment. The root of the mandibular left lateral incisor, which was buccally positioned and the root apex was out of the alveolar bone, was moved toward the center of the alveolar bone by applying additional root lingual torque. After treatment, the root was moved into the alveolar bone and the gingival recession was corrected. This clinical case reports that orthodontic treatment, without periodontal surgery, can spontaneously correct the gingival recession and alveolar dehiscence.

Patterns of nonsyndromic tooth agenesis and sexual dimorphism

BackgroundSex dimorphism has been implicated in oral health differences and the pathogenesis of oral diseases, such as tooth agenesis, periodontal disease, dental caries, and tooth loss. Tooth agenesis (TA) is one of the most common developmental anomalies in humans, and its prevalence and patterns are different across ethnic groups. The aim of this study was to investigate the phenotypes and sex-associated patterns of nonsyndromic tooth agenesis (TA) in Thai dental patients.MethodsOne thousand ninety panoramic radiographs were examined. One hundred and one subjects (37 males, 64 females, 15–20 years-old) with nonsyndromic TA were evaluated. Differences in TA prevalence between groups were analyzed using the chi-square or Fisher exact test.ResultsThe TA prevalence, excluding third molars, was 9.3% and more frequently found in the mandible compared with the maxilla. The maxilla demonstrated a higher prevalence of first premolar agenesis than the mandible (P = 0.012), while the mandible had a higher prevalence of second premolar agenesis than the maxilla (P = 0.031). There were significantly more males missing one tooth than females, however, there were more females missing two or more teeth than males (P = 0.042). A missing maxillary left lateral incisor was significantly more frequent in males (P = 0.019), while a missing mandibular right lateral incisor was more frequent in females (P = 0.025). In females, the pattern of two mandibular lateral incisors agenesis was the most common and significantly present in females more than males (P = 0.015). In contrast, the pattern of one mandibular left lateral incisor agenesis was only observed in males and significantly found in males more than females (P = 0.047).ConclusionsWe demonstrate sex-associated differences in nonsyndromic tooth agenesis. The prevalence of single tooth agenesis was higher in males, while that of two or more teeth agenesis was higher in females. We found different patterns of lateral incisor agenesis between males and females.

Non-Surgical Treatment of Class II Division 1 Malocclusion in an Adult Patient with a Missing Lower Lateral Incisor Tooth: A Case Report

Class II Division 1 malocclusion is clinically more widespread than any other form of malocclusion and can be managed in a variety of ways, taking into account variables such as patient compliance, age, and anteroposterior disparity. Orthodontic camouflage treatment, aimed at masking the underlying skeletal discrepancy, is an acceptable option for most patients. This typically involves the extraction of two maxillary premolars in cases without mandibular arch crowding, or the extraction of two maxillary and two mandibular premolar teeth when crowding is present. The present case report aimed to discuss the successful treatment of a unique case involving a 19-year-old adult female patient with Class II Division 1 malocclusion, a missing mandibular left lateral incisor, and an overjet of 7 mm. Since the patient declined surgical and prosthetic treatment, an alternative, novel, and unorthodox method of camouflage treatment was employed, which involved the extraction of maxillary first premolars combined with symmetrical incisor space closure. The achieved treatment outcomes included a functionally and aesthetically acceptable occlusion, reduced overjet, and an improved soft tissue profile.

The Effect of Pangasius Djambal Gelatin Treatment on the Lymphocyte Cells after Tooth Extraction

Abstract Inflammation is a phase of the wound healing process that occurs after tooth extraction which is influenced by the immune system. Lymphocytes are one type of cell in the immune system that have an important role in the inflammation process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Pangasius djambal gelatin treatment on the enhancing lymphocyte cell count after tooth extraction in Rattus norvegicus. In this study, the in vivo true experimental laboratories with a post-test group design was maintained. In this study, we performed 3 control groups without treatment by the Pangasius djambal gelatin and 3 treatment groups with 100 mg/mL Pangasius djambal gelatin on the post-extraction wound of the mandibular left lateral incisor of Rattus norvegicus. Each group consists of 5 rats. The lymphocyte cells count in the tooth socket tissue was evaluated on days 3, 5, and 7. The control groups' lymphocyte cells count decreased significantly from 32 to 17.2 from day 3 to day 7. Interestingly, the lymphocyte cells of treatment groups increased from 92.2 to 114.6 from day 3 to day 7. Furthermore, a very strong positive correlation between the observation time and lymphocyte cell count was observed in this work (r = 0.838; very strong). Therefore, the Pangasius djambal gelatin opens new potency to increase the lymphocyte cells count after tooth extraction. Keywords: Pangasius djambal fish, Lymphocytes, Tooth extraction, Intraperitoneal anesthesia

Impact of orthodontic brackets on intraoral and extraoral scans

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the presence of orthodontic brackets influences the accuracy of digital models generated by intraoral and extraoral scanning from the same patients. Eighteen orthodontic patients in permanent dentition underwent full-arch intraoral scanning with a CEREC Omnicam scanner (Dentsply Sirona, York, Pa). Alginate impressions from each patient's arch were taken, and plaster models were made and scanned. Intermolar, intercanine, and mesiodistal width of the incisors were measured on 2 digital and 1 plaster models. Analysis of variance or Friedman's test was used, with differences between pairs verified by the Bonferroni test or Wilcoxon test, respectively. Both digital models were superimposed using surface-based registration. Lin's lowest coefficient of agreement was 0.960 (95% confidence interval, 0.900-0.984), which was clinically adequate. No statistically significant differences between the 3 types of model measurements were observed, except for the mandibular left lateral incisor in which scanned intraoral digital models presented Δmedium of 0.05 mm, which was higher than the plaster model. The superimposition of the extraoral and intraoral digital models revealed a minimum difference between models with a mean of means of 0.12 ± 0.03 mm. Brackets bonded to teeth affected intraoral scanning; however, the intraoral digital models are clinically comparable and present fewer distortions than plaster models. Moreover, measurements on intraoral and extraoral digital models are excellent in terms of trueness and precision and can be used clinically and in plaster models.

Salivary Gene Expression of RANK, RANKL, and OPG in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontal Disease Patients.

The relationship between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and periodontal disease may exhibit by the alteration of bone metabolism. However, evidence for this relationship is scarce and inconclusive. Thus, the aims of the present study were to investigate salivary receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-β (RANK), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-β ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG) gene expression and the RANKL:OPG ratio in T1DM and non-T1DM. Secondary objective was to determine the relationships of RANK, RANKL and OPG gene expression to clinical parameters of T1DM and periodontal disease. Twenty patients with T1DM and twenty age-matched non-T1DM were recruited. Clinical periodontal parameters were measured. Total RNA was isolated from non-stimulated saliva, and the relative gene expressions of RANK, RANKL, OPG and RANKL:OPG ratio were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The T1DM group had significantly higher mean periodontal parameters than the non-T1DM group, while the mean plaque scores of both groups were not significantly different. There was a trend of higher relative gene expression of RANK, RANKL, and the RANKL:OPG ratio and lower expression of OPG in T1DM group but no statistic significant different when compared to non-T1DM. In the T1DM group, RANKL:OPG correlated with the percentage of bleeding sites, whereas RANK, RANKL, and HbA1c levels correlated with pocket depth. Bone metabolisms demonstrating by decreased OPG gene expression and upregulated of RANK, RANKL, RANKL:OPG with higher pocket depth and bleeding in T1DM may play an important role in periodontal destruction in T1DM.

Prevalence of Clinically Missing Permanent Teeth Due to Agenesis and Secondary Factors among Patients between 8-17 Age Group Visiting a Private Dental Hospital - an Institutional Study

Introduction: Congenitally missing teeth or hypodontia is a condition where some of the adult teeth fail to develop. There have been theories involving genetic and environmental factors which lead to prevalence of permanent missing teeth. Missing teeth can affect the patients and cause many other problems such as malocclusion, periodontal damage, delay in bone growth, reduced mastication and unfavourable skeletal appearance. Thus having awareness about missing teeth and the eruption sequence dentists will be able to identify the missing teeth and correct the same.&#x0D; Aim: The aim of this study is to analyse the prevalence of missing in the paediatric population between 8-17 years of age.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: The data for the study n=4453 patients was collected by analysing the case sheets of patients who visited Saveetha Dental college from June 2019- February 2021.The collected data was analysed and subjected to statistical analysis using the SPSS software by IBM of version 23.&#x0D; Results: From the results of the study, missing teeth in the 8 to 10 age group was highest in the second quadrant at 27.27% with most common missing teeth being left maxillary lateral incisor 15.76%, in the 11-13 age group it was highest in the third quadrant at 32.39% with most common missing teeth being left mandibular lateral incisor 16.37% and in the 14 -17 age group it was highest in first quadrant at 40.87% with the most common missing teeth being right maxillary first premolar 15.08%. It is also observed that the most common cause of missing teeth in 8-10 age group is due to congenital absence at16.46%, in 11-13 age group due to trauma at 16.46% and in 14-17 age group due to caries at 18.90%.&#x0D; Conclusion: Missing teeth is a very common dental anomaly encountered these days. From the present study it can be concluded that the most common cause of missing teeth was congenital absence of it. Larger community based studies should be conducted to estimate more precisely the causes for missing teeth. They are very important to be analysed so that they can prevent complications that can occur. In our study missing teeth is being analysed at an earlier age group of 8-17 reducing the chances of future complications.

Compound odontoma causing impaction of primary tooth in a 4-year-old child: case report

Objective: to report a rare case of impaction of a primary mandibular incisor due to the presence of a compound odontoma and describe its clinical management. Case report: a 4-year-old boy presented with a“missing” primary left mandibular lateral incisor. Radiographs showed impaction of the unerupted incisorby adjacent radiopaque structures consistent with a compound odontoma. The patient was recalled periodically for 2 years, at which time surgical excision was performed. The diagnosis of compound odontoma was confirmed histologically, and the permanent mandibular central incisors erupted uneventfully; the patient was referred for orthodontic treatment. Final considerations: this case report describes an unusual case of compound odontoma associated with an unerupted deciduous tooth; odontomas are rare in this age range, occurring predominantly in the second decade of life and in association with impaction of permanent teeth. We also propose a protocol for clinical management of such early-onset cases.

ATYPICAL AND PROMINENT PNEUMATOCYST IN THE CERVICAL VERTEBRAE AS AN INCIDENTAL FINDING ON CBCT: A CASE REPORT

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> A pneumatocyst is an intraosseous gas collection. Although the etiology remains unclear, it has been associated with several conditions including osteomyelitis, trauma, osteonecrosis, and degenerative disease. They are uncommon lesions, with a reported rate varying from 0.13% to 3.9%. Pneumatocysts are more commonly seen in the sacroiliac joint and less commonly seen in the spinal vertebrae. <h3>CASE REPORT</h3> We present a case of a 61-year-old male patient who was referred for evaluation of the mandibular left lateral incisor for implant placement. Upon radiographic examination using a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan, we found a prominent well-localized, hypodense entity in the body of C3 as an incidental finding. The size of the entity was approximately 11 mm in height and 6 mm in the antero-posterior dimension. It was the largest pneumatocyst we have recorded in the last 5 years. The radiographic presentation of the entity was concerning for a possible malignant neoplasm. A second opinion was requested from a neuroradiologist from the university hospital, who confirmed that it was consistent with a pneumatocyst. The air density of the lesion was a key feature that helped in the diagnosis. <h3>DISCUSSION/CONCLUSIONS</h3> The pathophysiology of pneumatocysts is not clear, but it is believed to be related to gas accumulation from the vertebral spaces that extends into the vertebral body. The lesions do not cause any symptoms and are discovered usually as an incidental finding. There are very few case reports of pneumatocyst in the spine in the literature. These lesions can enlarge with time and become fluid-filled and eventually contain granulation tissue. In 2D radiographs they have been mistaken for other aggressive lesions like multiple myeloma and metastases. It is therefore important to have an understanding of the presentation of these entities in CBCT scans. The air density and regular borders are key imaging features that help in the diagnosis.

Two-phase orthodontic treatment of two different types of tooth transposition in the same patient.

Orthodontic treatment is thoroughly planned considering the patient's facial and dental characteristics, the main complaint, treatment time and the orthodontist's experience. Transposition is a form of ectopia, in which two adjacent teeth exchange positions in the dental arch. Transposition can be partial or complete. This article reports the treatment of a female patient with two kinds of tooth transposition managed in the mixed and permanent dentitions. A girl, aged eight years and three months, came to routine paediatric consultation with an ectopic permanent mandibular left lateral incisor in the mixed dentition. Radiographic analysis indicated partial transposition of the permanent mandibular left lateral incisor and canine (Md.L2.C), and development of a complete tooth transposition between the permanent maxillary right first pre-molar and canine (Mx.C.P1). The patient was treated in two phases. The first, in the mixed dentition, and the second, in the permanent dentition with a three-year follow-up between them. These challenging treatment approaches are described in detail, including the mechanics used. The key points of this treatment were early diagnosis of the ectopic mandibular lateral incisor, use of light forces and interphase patient follow-up. These determined the best time to start the second treatment phase, enabling achievement of aesthetic and functional outcomes, and the results remained stable one year after the end of orthodontic treatment.

Occurrence of internal root resorption defects in anterior teeth with a history of concussion injury: A cross-sectional study among select adult North Indian dental patients

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of internal resorption (IR) defects in select adult North Indian population with a history of concussion injury to their anterior teeth. Material and Methods: The study population consisted of patients reporting with a history of concussion injury to their anterior teeth. At least two intraoral periapical radiographs, one at central and other at a 20° horizontal angulation, were taken for each of the affected teeth to check for any IR defect. The radiographs were inspected after placing them over a viewing box using magnifying glasses. Percentage of IR defects and their occurrence on the basis of tooth type, duration of trauma, gender, and side was assessed. Results: A total of 1507 patients reported with a history of a traumatic dental injury (TDI) to their anterior teeth. About 37.1% (560/1507) patients and 602 teeth with TDI had a history concussion injury. The percentage of patients with concussion injuries resulting in IR defect was 3.3% (19/560), and the percentage of teeth with IR defect was 3.16% (19/602). About 68.42% (13/19) were in males, and 31.58% (6/19) were in females; however, the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 1.05, P = 0.590). Most of the patients reported with a history of TDI within 0–5 years back, and the median age at the time of presentation was 20 years. Maxillary left central incisor was most affected, 4.84% (9/186) followed by maxillary right central incisor 3.5% (7/200) mandibular left lateral incisor 3.85% (1/26), mandibular left central incisor 3.57% (1/28), and maxillary lateral incisor 1.52% (1/66). Out of the 19 IR defects, 15 (78.9%) were located in the root, four were located coronally (21.05%), out of which 2 had a pink-colored crown. Conclusion: Silent injuries such as concussion and subsequent IR can potentially weaken the tooth; therefore, follow-up of patients with a history of TDIs is vital to rule out any developing but obscure resorptive defects.

Occlusal reconstruction of a patient with ameloblastoma ablation using alveolar distraction osteogenesis: a case report

BackgroundAmeloblastoma is one of the most common benign odontogenic neoplasms. Its surgical excision has the potential to lead to postoperative malocclusion. In this case report, we describe the successful interdisciplinary orthodontic treatment of a patient with ameloblastoma who underwent marginal mandibulectomy.Case presentationA woman of 20-year-old was diagnosed with ameloblastoma, and underwent marginal mandibulectomy when she was 8 years of age. She had an excessive overjet (11.5 mm) and a mild open bite (− 1.5 mm) with a severely resorbed atrophic edentulous ridge in the area around the mandibular left lateral incisor, canine and first premolar. An alveolar bone defect associated with tumor resection was regenerated by vertical distraction osteogenesis (DO). Subsequently, 3 dental implants were placed into the reconstructed mandible. Orthodontic treatment using implant-anchored mechanics provided a proper facial profile with significantly improved occlusal function. The occlusion appeared stable for a 7-year retention period.ConclusionsThese results suggest that surgically assisted and implant anchored-orthodontic approaches might be effective for the correction of such malocclusions.

Impact of passive self-ligation and conventional elastic ligation on orthodontic force in the simulation of a mandibular lateral incisor linguoversion

This study compared three-dimensional forces delivered to the displaced tooth and its adjacent teeth between passive self-ligation (PSL) and conventional elastic ligation (CL) in simulation of mandibular lateral incisor linguoversions. A multisensor system was used to measure three-dimensional forces delivered to brackets attached to the mandibular left central incisor, lateral incisor, and canine (FDI tooth numbers 31, 32, and 33, respectively). Two ligation methods (PSL and CL), 3 nickel-titanium (0.014-inch) archwires similar to the arch form of normal occlusion, and 2 displacements (1 and 4mm) were tested. In 1-mm displacement, forces were significantly smaller in CL than in PSL at 32 in the labial direction and larger at 31 in the mesial direction for all 3 types of archwires (P<0.01 for both). For 2 of 3 archwires, forces were larger in CL than in PSL at 33 in the lingual direction (P<0.01). In 4-mm displacement, forces were significantly larger in CL than in PSL at 31 in the mesial direction and significantly smaller in CL than in PSL at 33 in the distal direction for all 3 archwires (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). Mean forces in the vertical direction were small, ranging from -0.05 to 0.05N. Under a small amount of displacement, force magnitude in PSL was smaller than that in CL at the displaced tooth in labial-lingual directions. Under a large amount of displacement, a more "open coil spring effect" was significantly obtained in CL than PSL at both adjacent teeth of the displaced tooth.

Number of dental abutments influencing the biomechanical behavior of tooth‒implant-supported fixed partial dentures: A finite element analysis.

Background. Local or systemic issues might prevent installing a sufficient number of dental implants for fixed prosthetic rehabilitation. Splinting dental implants and natural teeth in fixed dentures could overcome such limitations. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of the number of dental abutments in the biomechanics of tooth‒implant-supported fixed partial dentures (FPDs). The null hypothesis was that increasing the number of abutment teeth would not decrease the stress over the abutments and surrounding bone. Methods. Left mandibular lateral incisor, canine, premolars, and molars were reconstructed through computed tomography and edited using image processing software to represent a cemented fixed metal‒ceramic partial denture. Three models were set to reduce the number of abutment teeth: 1) lateral incisor, canine, and first premolar; 2) canine and first premolar; 3) the first premolar. The second premolar and first molar were set as pontics, and the second molar was set as an implant abutment in all the models. Finite element analyses were performed under physiologic masticatory forces with axial and oblique loading vectors. Results. After simulation of axial loads, the stress peaks on the bone around the implant, the bone around the first premolar, and prosthetic structures did not exhibit significant changes when the number of abutment teeth decreased. However, under oblique loads, decreasing the number of abutment teeth increased stress peaks on the surrounding bone and denture. Conclusion. Increasing the number of dental abutments in tooth‒implant-supported cemented FPD models decreased stresses on its constituents, favoring the prosthetic biomechanics.

Hybrid ameloblastoma and central giant cell lesion: Challenge of early diagnosis

Hybrid lesions encompass the occurrence of different entities in one lesion. A 67-year-old woman was referred to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Service for treatment of mandibular Central Giant Cell Lesion (CGCL) previously diagnosed. Intraoral examination revealed edentulism and a painless swelling extending from the alveolar ridge to the buccal vestibule with hard consistency covered by normal mucosae, with unknown duration. Panoramic radiograph revealed a large, multilocular and well-defined radiolucent lesion extending from the region of left mandibular lateral incisor teeth to right mandibular first molar with no evidence of osseous perforation. Initially, a treatment with intralesional injection of corticosteroids was performed. After 18 months of treatment, an increase in size of the osteolytic lesion was noted. An incisional biopsy was carried out and the microscopic examination revealed a unicystic ameloblastoma associated to CGCL. It was performed marsupialization and later the enucleation of residual lesion. The follow-up remains being performed. Key words:Hybrid lesion, central giant cell lesion, ameloblastoma.

Pulp Tooth Ratio as an Aid in Age Estimation: Odisha Specific Regression Formula

Objective: Age estimation in adults is an important issue in forensic science. This study aimed to validate the estimation of chronological age through previously suggested regression equation using pulp tooth ratio (PTR) of left lower lateral incisor, canine, and first premolar tooth in Odisha population. Method: The digital orthopantomographs of subjects aged 13 years above (n = 200) were collected from Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan, Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha. The pixels of tooth area and pulp area ratio of lower left lateral incisor, canine, first premolar using histogram was observed by Adobe Photoshop CS6. Data were subjected to correlation and regression analysis of respective teeth. Result: Application of previously suggested regression equation to PTR of left lateral incisors, canines, first premolar teeth in Odisha population resulted in mean absolute error of more than 4,5 and 8 respectively. Therefore, we developed an Odisha specific polynomial regression equation for mandibular left lower lateral incisor, canine, and first premolar with coefficient of correlation as 0.08, 0.8 and 0.7 respectively. Conclusion: PTRs of mandibular canine and first premolar incorporated in the Odisha specific regression equation may predict age with better accuracy.