Mandibular Height Research Articles

Comparison of mandibular cross-sectional morphology between Class I and Class II subjects with different vertical patterns: based on CBCT images and statistical shape analysis

BackgroundThis study is aimed to (1) investigate the influence of sagittal and vertical patterns on mandibular cross-sectional morphology and to (2) provide visualized mandibular cross-sectional morphology in different groups with General Procrustes Analysis (GPA), canonical variance analysis (CVA) and discriminant function analysis (DFA).Methods324 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were collected to analyze mandibular cross-sectional morphology and were categorized into 12 groups according to sagittal and vertical pattern and gender. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the difference among the groups. Thirty equidistant points were marked along the contour of mandibular cross-section and GPA, CVA and DFA were applied.Results(1) Mandibular height in hyperdivergent groups was significantly higher than that in normodivergent and hypodivergent groups (P < 0.05). (2) Hypodivergent groups showed significantly wider upper third of mandibular width from symphysis to molar region than that in hyperdivergent group (P < 0.05), except for the premolar and molar regions in male groups (P > 0.05). (3) Class II hyperdivergent group showed narrowest lower third width in the molar region, with the mean value of 12.03 mm in females and 11.98 mm in males. (4) For males and females, the ratio between height and lower third width at symphysis was significantly higher in Class II hyperdivergent group than that in Class I hyperdivergent group (P < 0.05).Conclusions(1) The influence of vertical facial patterns on mandibular cross-sectional morphology is more obvious than that of sagittal skeletal pattern. (2) Subjects with increased vertical dimension presented with a remarkable “slimer” mandibular cross-sectional morphology at symphysis. (3) A deeper curve along the anterior contour of symphysis in Class II hyperdivergent group was noted with GPA.

Hubungan antara tinggi dan panjang mandibula di radiograf panoramik dengan kadar kalsium pada pasien lanjut usia

Objectives: The aim of this research is to know about the correlation between calcium levels and mandibular height and length in elderly patients from panoramic radiographs.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional observational study, using 15 panoramic radiographs of patients aged 60-80 years, where each subject is taken calcium levels. Radiographs were analyzed to measure the length of the mandibular body and the height of the mandibular ramus. ImageJ software is used as a measuring tool, and the results are then correlated with the Pearson correlation test analysis.&#x0D; Results: This study obtained the average result for mandibular length was ± 10 cm and for mandibular height was ± 7 cm, while the calcium value showed an average value of ± 8.7-10 mg/dl. Pearson correlation test showed no significant relationship between mandibular length and height and calcium levels in the elderly.&#x0D; Conclusion: The conclusion drawn was that there is no significant relationship between mandibular height and length on calcium levels in the elderly as assessed by panoramic radiographs.

Surgery-first orthognathic approach for the correction of facial asymmetry

We aimed to compare the reliability of the surgery-first approach and the traditional orthodontic-first approach for the correction of facial asymmetry based on the new classification of facial asymmetry.Patients with facial asymmetry who underwent orthognathic surgery between January 2016 and January 2019 were included. Cephalometric changes and relapse ratios were analyzed 12 months before and after surgery. Patients were divided into horizontal and vertical asymmetry groups based on the asymmetry vector, and subgroup analysis was conducted.The surgery-first approach without presurgical orthodontic treatment and the orthodontic-first approach showed a similar degree of asymmetry correction and skeletal stability. The relapse ratios of the maxilla height in the surgery-first and orthodontic-first groups were 0.25 ± 0.21 and 0.27 ± 0.25, respectively (p = 0.63), the relapse ratios of the maxilla width were 0.31 ± 0.32 and 0.21 ± 0.2, respectively (p = 0.14), the mandibular height relapse ratios were 0.34 ± 0.58 and 0.29 ± 0.36, respectively (p = 0.69), and the mandibular width relapse ratios were 0.12 ± 0.22 and 0.26 ± 0.31, respectively (p = 0.058). The treatment period of the surgery-first group (18.5 ± 5.3 months) was significantly shorter than that of the orthodontic-first group (22.9 ± 7.5 months, p = 0.024). Among the surgery-first group, patients with vertical asymmetry (15.0 ± 3.2 months) had a shorter treatment than those with horizontal asymmetry (21.6 ± 6.8 months, p = 0.006).Although contesting traditional standards is always challenging, the surgery-first orthognathic approach may lead to a new era in traditional orthognathic approaches. This new classification of facial asymmetry could be useful and practical when treating patients with facial asymmetry regardless of the etiology.

Análises quantitativas em mandíbulas para estimativa do sexo

Objetivou-se investigar a aplicabilidade de medidas mandibulares para estimativa do sexo em crânios secos humanos de duas coleções osteológicas brasileiras. Este foi um estudo do tipo diagnóstico, cego, com 471 mandíbulas de 215 mulheres e 256 homens. As variáveis ​​consideradas foram: largura bigonial; largura bicondilar; largura do processo condilar direito/esquerdo; largura do coronóide; distância entre os forames mandibulares; distância entre os forames mentais; distância entre os forames espinhais geniais e os forames mandibulares direito/esquerdo; altura do processo coronóide direito e esquerdo; altura do ramo mandibular direito/esquerdo; espessura mandibular direita/esquerda; espessura mandibular anterior; largura máxima do ramo mandibular direito/esquerdo; largura mínima do ramo mandibular direito/esquerdo; comprimento mandibular; e o ângulo mandibular. A análise discriminante foi realizada para verificar as associações em relação ao sexo, tanto para as medidas individuais quanto para o total. A análise estatística indicou que todas as variáveis ​​apresentaram associação significativa com o sexo. Quando aplicado a homens e mulheres, o método stepwise classificou corretamente 77,50% e 80,20% dos casos, respectivamente, com percentual total de concordância de 78,70%. A altura do ramo mandibular esquerdo (74,80%) e a largura bigonial (77,60%) foram as variáveis ​​com maiores taxas de concordância entre homens e mulheres, respectivamente. Equações foram geradas a partir da análise discriminante para cada variável e uma fórmula única para as seis variáveis ​​que apresentaram maior preferência por sexo. Todas as medidas mandibulares foram estatisticamente diferentes entre os sexos, sugerindo que a mandíbula desempenha um papel importante na antropologia forense como fonte de informação quantitativa para estimativa do sexo.

Evaluation of the effect of the lateralized inferior alveolar nerve isolation and bone grafting on the nerve function and implant stability. (Randomized Clinical Trial).

The inferior alveolar nerve lateralization (IANL), although allows for an implant full-length mandibular height engagement, coincides with depleting the buccal bone support and sensory deficits. This study aims to assess whether interposing a bone graft coupled with securing a collagen membrane separation between the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) and the underlying dental implants would preserve the nerve function, enhance the implant stability, and minimize the radiographic marginal bone loss. Eighteen patients with 30 atrophic mandibular edentulous ridges were subjected to IANL after being randomly assigned to two treatment modalities which consisted of 15 patients each. The (control group) utilized conventional IANL in direct contact with 20 implants. The (test group) implemented the IAN collagen-membrane wrapping and interposing bone graft to overlay 23 implants. The neural function, the radiographic marginal bone loss, and the implant stability quotient were assessed and compared 6 months postoperatively. All the patients regained their full neurosensory function after 6 months, with statistically nonsignificant differences between both groups throughout the follow-up period. The mean marginal bone loss in the test group was (0.42 ± 0.09) mm versus (0.38 ± 0.14) mm for the control group, which was statistically similar (P= 0.401). The 6-month postoperative mean implant stability quotient values of the test group recorded (74.73 ± 2.68) versus (74.73 ± 1.79) for the control group, which was statistically nonsignificant with a value of P= 0.626. The interposed bone graft, coupled with the collagen membrane isolation, neither subsided the neural disturbances nor enhanced the secondary implant stability and marginal bone loss.

Computed tomography assessment of mandibular morphologic changes and the inferior mandibular border defect after sagittal split ramus osteotomy

This study aimed to assess mandibular morphologic changes to the condyle, ramus, mandibular body, and inferior mandibular border defect after sagittal split ramus osteotomy in class II and III patients. The relationships among the condyle, ramus, and mandibular body measured by computed tomography preoperatively and postoperatively were assessed and factors related to the reduction of the condylar square and mandibular inferior border defect were examined. Patients included 72 female patients with jaw deformity (36 skeletal class II cases, 36 skeletal class III cases). Postoperative reduction of the condylar square was significantly correlated with preoperative condylar height in patients with class II (P=.0297) vs preoperative condylar height and preoperative mandibular height in patients with class III (P < .0001). A mandibular inferior border defect was found in 18 of 72 class II sides (25.0%) and was significantly related to the position of the osteotomy line and attachment side of the inferior border cortex (P < .0001). This study's findings suggest that the postoperative reduction of the condyle could be associated with preoperative condylar height. However, the mandibular inferior border defect in class II advancement surgery could be independently associated with technical factors in sagittal split ramus osteotomy.

Association between degenerative temporomandibular joint disorders, vertical facial growth, and airway dimension

BackgroundThe goal of this study was to determine whether preexisting degenerative temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders are associated with hyperdivergent facial phenotype and decreased airway dimensions. MethodsCone-beam computed tomography scans of adult female and male individuals, 16 years of age and older, distributed in a case group defined as those with degenerative temporomandibular joint disorder (dTMJD; n = 31) or controls with normal TMJ findings (n = 242) were included. Odds ratios were calculated based on facial type and gender. Analysis of variance was used to compare the airway volume and cross section and mandibular measurements between the groups. ResultsCondylar, ramus, and mandibular heights were significantly smaller in the case group compared with the control group. The odds of having a long face subject was significantly higher (P < 0.00001) in the dTMJD group than in the control group with 81% of the dTMJD subjects versus 11% of the control group having long vertical facial dimensions. The smallest cross-sectional area of the airway of the dTMJD group was significantly narrower (P < 0.0361) compared with the controls. Within the control group, ramus height and mandibular alveolar housing for central incisors were significantly smaller (P < 0.0001; P < 0.007) in the long face subjects. ConclusionsThe study shows that a long facial type is associated with findings of degenerative TMJ disorders and related condylar growth disturbances. These degenerative and growth changes may contribute to specific skeletal and dentofacial adaptations resulting in smaller condylar process, mandibular ramus, and body height; thinner alveolar housing at the lower incisor region; and smaller cross-sectional area of the airway.

Tratamento reabilitador com reconstrução de mandíbula devido a sequela de ferimento por arma de fogo – Relato de caso

Introdução: As injurias que acometem o complexo maxilofacial representam fatores importantes a saúde do paciente, tendo em vista que estão intimamente associadas a defeitos estéticos, diminuição ou perda de função e morbidades. Das fraturas de mandíbula por projétil de arma de fogo (PAF) o tratamento pode ser imediato ou tardio, podendo ou não envolver a reconstrução e reabilitação. Objetivo: Relatar um caso clínico de uma reconstrução mandibular com posterior reabilitação dentária em um paciente vítima de PAF. Metodologia: O trabalho foi realizado tradicionalmente para estudo de caso como estratégia de pesquisa. Relato de Caso: Paciente com sequela de fratura de mandíbula devido a ferimento por P.A.F. há 07 anos, apresentando assimetria facial, desvio da linha média mandibular, alteração de oclusão, ausência de elementos dentários. Exame de imagem, confirmando a fratura do corpo mandibular direito com perda de segmento ósseo. O tratamento proposto e executado foi a realização do enxerto ósseo, com área doadora a crista ilíaca, entre os cotos da fratura, e posteriormente reabilitação através da implantodontia. Discussão: O tratamento para reconstrução mandibular ainda é algo sem um consenso estabelecido, cabe ao cirurgião responsável ponderar clinicamente cada caso. O enxerto da crista ilíaca é uma das possibilidades de tratamento, principalmente por o ganho de espessura e altura mandibular ter grande importância na reabilitação bucal com implantes dentários, sendo esse o objetivo final na reconstrução mandibular. Conclusão: Através do caso exposto e após uma revisão atual da literatura, podemos concluir que o objetivo principal do tratamento foi atingido.

A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study on the Morphometry of the Mandibular Molars and Their Relative Root Lengths to the Mandibular Height

A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study on the Morphometry of the Mandibular Molars and Their Relative Root Lengths to the Mandibular Height

Do Morphological Changes in the Anterior Mandibular Region Interfere with Standard Implant Placement? A Cone Beam Computed Tomographic Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective To determine the morphological features in the anterior mandibular region, the presence of lingual foramen and canal dimensions in Saudi subjects that would interfere with standard implant placement. Methods CBCT scans of patients seeking implant treatment were examined. Based on the dentition status, patients were categorized into edentulous (group I) and dentulous (group I). On the panoramic view, the distance between the two mental foramina was divided into vertical segments of 10 mm width. In each segment, vertical bone height and buccolingual thickness at three levels (alveolar crest, 5 mm, and 10 mm apical to the crest) were assessed. The lingual foramen prevalence and canal features were assessed as well. Comparisons between the two groups regarding the assessed parameters were performed using the t-test. The percentage of edentulous mandibles with thickness <6 mm corresponding to the standard implant diameter was also calculated. Results Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, group I consisted of 45 subjects and group II comprised 26 subjects. Bone height and thickness at the crestal level were significantly less in edentulous (I) than dentate mandibles (II) (P < 0.0001). The lingual foramen was detected in 90% of patients. In both groups, males had significantly greater mandibular height than females (P=0.02 and 0.005). At the crestal level, the thickness was <6 mm in 50% of the anterior mandibular segments. Conclusion Half of the edentulous patients may receive normal size implants in the anterior interforaminal segments, while the other half will be limited to narrow implants (3.5 mm and less). The lingual foramen location, canal size, and position may represent another limitation for implant placement in that segment.

Complication analysis of three different designs of temporary mandibulotomy in tongue cancer treatment.

Mandibulotomy helps access posterior oral cavity tumors. If osteotomy designs affect postoperative and postradiotherapy complications, needs to be tested clinically. Two hundred and eighteen patients who underwent midline mandibulotomy for primary tongue cancer wide excision and flap reconstruction at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital during 2014-2019. There were 114 straight, 54 notched, and 50 stair-stepped osteotomy cases. Stair-stepped osteotomy had less advanced tumor stages (P = .009) and notched osteotomy more common single-plate fixations (P = .012). The former showed higher mandibular heights (P = .000) and more intact midline teeth (P = .011) than notched and straight ones. Straight osteotomy cases showed lower early infection rates (P = .039). Single-plate fixation was related to more flap dehiscence (P = .001) and oro-cutaneous fistulas (P = .035). Complex osteotomy does not offer long-term benefits in midline mandibulotomies for primary tongue cancers and has higher early infections. Single-plate fixation increases postoperative complications.

Predictable and Effective Treatment of Bilateral Subcondylar Fractures Using Closed Reduction With a Novel Acrylic Wedge Splint

Treatment of bilateral subcondylar fractures is a challenging clinical problem, and optimal management of these fractures remains controversial. Similar to unilateral subcondylar fractures, bilateral injuries present with significant malocclusion due to fracture segment displacement; however, the loss of vertical stops on both sides of the mandible mandate a more concerted approach to surgical management. Closed reduction and maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) alone in bilateral subcondylar fractures carry a higher risk of recurrent anterior open bite postoperatively secondary to the absence of a vertical stop with fracture segment displacement and persistent shortening of the posterior facial height. Therefore, some surgeons consider bilateral subcondylar fractures an indication for open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). Unfortunately, open approaches involving the proximal subcondylar fracture segment are riddled with potential risks including facial nerve damage, parotid gland injury, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) damage. Given that neither approach is optimal, investigation of new approaches for the treatment of bilateral subcondylar fractures is warranted. The objective of this paper is to present our novel technique for the treatment of bilateral subcondylar fractures, which utilizes a combination of traditional closed reduction and MMF with a custom “wedge” occlusal splint to overcorrect the traumatic shortening of the posterior mandibular height.

Risk Factors for Mandibular Fracture After Marginal Mandibular Resection.

This study aimed to examine the relationship between post-operative mandibular fractures and its predictable risk factors in patients with marginal mandibular resection. Additionally, the timing of post-operative mandibular fractures was assessed. Records of 37 patients with mandibular gingival carcinoma who underwent marginal mandibular resection at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, from April 2011 to March 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The following variables were investigated: age, sex, location of carcinoma, tumor size, mandibular height on the surgical and healthy sides, surgical approach, number of residual teeth, post-operative radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and the presence or absence of diabetes and osteoporosis. Various risk factors for post-operative mandibular fractures were statistically investigated. Post-operative mandibular fracture was observed in 5 (13.5%) of the 37 mandibular marginal resection cases. The average residual mandibular height in patients with post-operative mandibular fracture was 8.5 mm. A significant difference in residual mandibular height (P = 0.013) was observed between patients with post-operative mandibular fracture and those with no fracture. The average time to post-operative fracture of the mandible was 305.4 days, and it was found to be correlated to the remaining height of the mandibular body. A decrease in mandibular height below 9 mm results in post-operative mandibular fracture. Furthermore, a correlation between the height of the mandibular bone and the period until the post-operative mandibular fracture was noted in this study. These findings contribute to the prediction and management of mandibular fractures after mandibular margin resection.

Evaluation of Mandibular First Molars' Axial Inclination and Alveolar Morphology in Different Facial Patterns: A CBCT Study.

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the axial inclination of the mandibular first molars and their respective bone morphology among individuals with different facial patterns. Materials and Methods The sample comprised the cone beam computed tomographies (CBCTs) of 58 subjects divided into three groups according to the facial patterns: 18 brachyfacial (Group 1), with a mean age of 21.58 years; 23 mesofacial (Group 2), with a mean age of 19.14 years; and 17 dolichofacial subjects (Group 3), with a mean age of 19.09 years. Eight variables were evaluated on CBCT scans of each subject: buccal and lingual mandibular height, cervical and middle mandibular width, inclination of mandibular body, inclination of the mandibular molar buccal surface, molar width, molar angulation and tooth/bone angle. Intergroup comparisons were performed with one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey tests. Results Buccal mandibular height presented statistically significant difference in the three facial patterns. Lingual mandibular height and mandibular inclination showed to be statistically and significantly smaller in brachyfacial subjects than in the other two groups. Mandibular width presented a statistically significant difference between brachyfacial and mesofacial groups. Negative correlations could be observed between the facial pattern and the buccal and lingual mandibular heights and inclination of the mandibular body. Conclusion Buccal mandibular height was significantly and progressively larger in brachyfacial, mesofacial, and dolichofacial subjects. Lingual mandibular height was significantly smaller in brachyfacial than in mesofacial and dolichofacial subjects. Mandibular width was significantly thicker in brachyfacial than in mesofacial subjects. Brachyfacial subjects had smaller mandibular inclination than mesofacial and dolichofacial subjects.

Evaluation of the effect of mandibular length and height on the sagittal split ramus osteotomy rigid internal fixation techniques: A finite element analysis

PurposeA major concern after mandibular advancement with sagittal split ramus osteotomy surgery is postoperative stability and relapse. Currently, there is no consensus on the ideal fixation technique, or how prognosis is affected by mandibular height and length. The aim of the present study was to assess stress distribution on the fixation units and the bone after sagittal split ramus osteotomy and determine the contributions of different mandibular body heights and lengths. Materials and methodsSagittal split ramus osteotomy and mandibular advancement were simulated in different height/length models prior to fixation using a miniplate, hybrid, or inverted L system using finite element analysis. The greatest and least amount of stress was generated using the miniplate, and inverted L system, respectively. ResultsThe highest tension and compression in the bone was measured in the miniplate system. While the inverted L system generated less stress in the fixation units than the hybrid system, the hybrid system caused less stress in the bone and lower displacement values compared to other systems. An increase in length, and a decrease in height, both promoted stress, however, the difference was greatest in the former. ConclusionBased on our results, when sagittal split ramus osteotomy is planned for a rather long or thin mandible, using the hybrid system for fixation is recommended.

Long-term effects of autogenous coronoid grafts on the facial growth of children with unilateral temporomandibular joint ankylosis and reconstructed mandibular condyle

Mandibular condyle injury usually results in malocclusion and disharmony of facial growth in growing children. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of autogenous coronoid grafts on the facial growth of children with unilateral temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis who underwent mandibular condyle reconstruction. Ten growing patients with unilateral bony TMJ ankylosis admitted in West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University between January 1st, 2008 and December 31st, 2016 were followed up and evaluated. These patients include three males and seven females with ages ranging from 5 years to 12 years at the time of surgery. Each patient underwent gap arthroplasty, condyle reconstruction with ipsilateral coronoid, and interposition of the pedicled temporalis fascial flap in a single operation. The postoperative follow-up ranged from 3 years to 8 years with an average of 4.9 years. Postoperative panoramic radiographs determined the growth of the mandibular height and length on the affected side and compared it with those of the healthy side. All patients recovered uneventfully after surgery. At the end of follow-up period, the maximal mouth opening ranged from 32 mm to 41 mm with an average of 35.6 mm. Mandibular height and length continued to grow after the successful treatment of ankylosis using autogenous coronoid grafts for condyle reconstruction. However, growth deficit still existed. The final ramus height and mandibular length of the affected side at the end of follow-up increased by 25.3% (P<0.05) and 26.1% (P<0.05), respectively, compared with the initial values measured immediately after surgery. Growth rates of ramus height and mandibular length of the affected side were 47.1% and 27.2% lower (P<0.05) than those of the healthy side, respectively. Mandibular height and length continued to grow after the successful treatment of ankylosis by using autogenous coronoid grafts for condyle reconstruction. However, growth deficit still existed. The growth rate of the affected mandible was reduced compared with that of the undisturbed side even after treatment of ankylosis.

Mandibular Vertical Height Augmentation in Segmental Defects Using Combined Vascularized and Non-Vascularized Fibula Flap

Mandibular Vertical Height Augmentation in Segmental Defects Using Combined Vascularized and Non-Vascularized Fibula Flap

Rare mandibular condylar pathology and new surgical approach: intraoral approach for resection and reconstruction of aneurysmal bone cyst, a case report

The case of a 27-year-old male with a destructive aneurysmal bone cyst of the right mandibular condyle, coronoid process and ascending ramus is presented. Surgery revealed an eggshell-thin, partly perforated cortices. Intraoral approach was used for a complete resection of mandibular condyle, coronoid process and affected ascending mandibular ramus. Curettage of the adjacent soft tissues performed; no extra oral incision was used. In this case following resection, the defect was primarily reconstructed with prefabricated reconstruction plate with condylar head to maintain functional mandibular ramus height, avoid malocclusion and asymmetry. Post-operative examination and radiographic images revealed good symmetry and perfect occlusion as well as almost normal mandibular function. Intraoral approach can be used to access to the mandibular condyle region and ascending ramus with no risk to facial nerve and skin scar so cosmetically more favorable.

Oligodontia Related to Increased Proportion of Mandibular Canal in Relation to Mandibular Height

Oligodontia Related to Increased Proportion of Mandibular Canal in Relation to Mandibular Height

Computer-Aided Planning in Orthognathic Surgery: A Comparative Study with the Establishment of Burstone Analysis-Derived 3D Norms.

Three-dimensional (3D) computer-aided simulation has revolutionized orthognathic surgery treatment, but scarce 3D cephalometric norms have been defined to date. The purposes of this study were to (1) establish a normative database of 3D Burstone cephalometric measurements for adult male and female Chinese in Taiwan, (2) compare this 3D norm dataset with the two-dimensional (2D) Burstone norms from Caucasian and Singaporean Chinese populations, and (3) apply these 3D norms to assess the outcome of a computer-aided simulation of orthognathic surgery. Three-dimensional Burstone cephalometric analysis was performed on 3D digital craniofacial image models generated from cone-beam computed tomography datasets of 60 adult Taiwanese Chinese individuals with normal occlusion and balanced facial profile. Three-dimensional Burstone analysis was performed on 3D image datasets from patients with skeletal Class III pattern (n = 30) with prior computer-aided simulation. Three-dimensional Burstone cephalometric measurements showed that Taiwanese Chinese males had significantly (p < 0.05) larger anterior and posterior facial heights, maxillary length, and mandibular ramus height than females, with no significant (p > 0.05) difference for facial soft-tissue parameters. The 3D norm dataset revealed Taiwanese Chinese-specific facial characteristics, with Taiwanese presenting (p < 0.05) a more convex profile, protrusive maxillary apical bases, protruding mandible, protruding upper and lower lips, and a shorter maxillary length and lower facial height than Caucasians. Taiwanese had significantly (p < 0.05) larger maxillary projection, vertical height ratio, lower face throat angle, nasolabial angle, and upper lip protrusion than Singaporean Chinese. No significant (p > 0.05) difference was observed between 3D norms and computer-aided simulation-derived 3D patient images for horizontal skeletal, vertical skeletal, and dental measurements, with the exception of two dental parameters (p < 0.05). This study contributes to literature by providing gender- and ethnic-specific 3D Burstone cephalometric norms, which can assist in the multidisciplinary-based delivery of orthodontic surgical care for Taiwanese Chinese individuals worldwide, including orthodontic management, computer-assisted simulation, and outcome assessment.