Coordination Management Research Articles

Larger, Not Leaner? Agencification and the Size of the Administrative Overhead in Local Governments

ABSTRACTGovernments establish agencies to enhance public service efficiency, aiming to improve government performance. However, agencification makes governments' service delivery more complex by putting service providers at arm's length from governments' control. To retain their capacity to support frontline service delivery, governments may expand their central administrative overhead. Conceptually, overhead constitutes resources available to support primary production processes in the organization, such as managerial coordination and technical support. This study, based on survey and registry data from 296 Norwegian local governments, analyses whether agencification correlates with the size of administrative overhead across political systems. The findings reveal lower central administrative overhead in local governments with higher degrees of agencification, suggesting a challenge in providing central support for an increasingly disaggregated service delivery. Importantly, the study underscores the difficulty governments face in mobilizing adequate resources to achieve their stated goals.

Distributed robust [formula omitted]asso-[formula omitted] based on [formula omitted]ash optimization for smart grid: Guaranteed robustness and stability

The integration of variable renewable energy supplies into smart grid energy management poses several obstacles to system operation. An efficient solution for resource management is essential to ensuring reliable operation. This research presents distributed robust Lasso-model predictive control (D − RLMPC) as a way to handle energy problems in a multi-layer and multi-time frame optimization method. The D − RLMPC is a hierarchical system that integrates a centralized supervisory management (SM) layer for long-term optimization with a distributed coordination management (CM) layer for short-term adaptation to high power fluctuations. The higher layer, known as the SM, is responsible for providing the grid operator with specific operating plans and offering guidance to the bottom layer, known as the CM. The CM is responsible for coordinating the interaction between the centralized optimization goals and the physical power system layer. Furthermore, a distributed extended Kalman filter (DEKF) is used to ascertain the inter-dependencies among subsystems. Next, an iterative approach based on Nash optimization is proposed to get the globally optimum solution of the whole system in a partly distributed manner. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control approach, which combines the advantages of centralized and distributed control to provide a comprehensive solution for the grid operating issue. To verify and assess the effectiveness of the suggested approach, the acquired outcomes are compared to those of the centralized robust, distributed robust, and distributedMPC approaches. The simulation findings confirm the practicality of using the suggested system to manage future smart grid assets.

From Arming to Fighting? The Steps to War, Mutual Military Buildups and Dispute Onset in the Greece-Ottoman Empire/Turkey Rivalries

Recent developments in the operationalization of mutual military buildups raise some questions about the findings of the quantitative literature on the association of mutual military buildups (MMB) and militarized dispute (MID) onset in the Greece-Ottoman Empire and Greece-Turkey dyads. We use the novel data to evaluate that relationship, working within the Steps to War explanatory framework. The Greece-Ottoman Empire and Greece-Turkey cases are puzzles for the framework, since on the one had they have a frequent presence of the Steps to War but have far fewer wars than we would expect. Our analysis indicates that despite that puzzling incongruity the Greece - Ottoman Empire and Greece-Turkey cases are good fits for the Steps to War, except when it comes to the role of mutual military buildups. We find indicators that while the other factors of Steps to War have a positive combined association with MID onset, the inclusion of mutual military buildups renders such an association statistically insignificant. On the other hand, we do find indicators that mutual military buildups may contribute to the transition from Lesser to Severe Rivalry, as per the Steps to Rivalry. Finally, the dyads reach infection periods that make war more likely as per the Steps to War. But many expected wars do not take place. We posit two possible explanations for future research: deterrence, or major power managerial coordination.

A novel multiple-expert protocol to manage uncertainty and subjective choices in probabilistic single and multi-hazard risk analyses

Integrating diverse expert opinions in hazard and risk projects is essential to managing subjective decisions and quantifying uncertainty to produce stable and trustworthy results. A structured procedure is necessary to organize the gathering of experts' opinions while ensuring transparency, accountability, and independence in judgements. We propose a novel Multiple-Expert management Protocol (MEP) to address this challenge, providing procedural guidelines for conducting single to multi-hazard risk analyses. MEP establishes a workflow to manage subjectivity rooted in (i) moderated and staged group interactions, (ii) trackable blind advice through written elicitations with mathematical aggregation, (iii) participatory independent review, (iv) close cooperation between scientific and managerial coordination, and (v) proper and comprehensive documentation. Originally developed for stress testing critical infrastructure, MEP is designed as a single, flexible, technology-neutral procedural workflow applicable to various sectors. Moreover, its scalability allows it to adapt from high to low-budget projects and from complex probabilistic multi-hazard risk assessments to standard single-hazard analyses, with different experts' degree and type of involvement depending on available funding and emerging controversies. We present two compelling case studies to showcase MEP's practical applicability: a multi-hazard risk analysis for a port infrastructure and a single-hazard regional tsunami hazard assessment.

Are Top Management Teams Compensated as Teams? A Structural Modeling Approach

I develop two empirical models to quantify agency friction caused by moral hazard in top management teams. They capture shareholders’ distinct perspectives on compensating top managers: the Individual Model, in which managers in a firm unilaterally shirk, and the Team Model, in which managers choose effort jointly. The Team Model rationalizes observed compensation better than the Individual Model, underlining the importance of managerial coordination and team-based incentives. This paper also offers novel estimates of agency friction in a team production setting. Risk premium explains a large portion of the pay differential across and within firms. Firm value would have dropped between 4% and 15% if managers shirked. Additional counterfactual estimation suggests that shareholders could reduce the total compensation by up to $17 million if they were to switch from the individual perspective to the team perspective. This paper was accepted by Shivaram Rajgopal, accounting. Funding: This work was supported by the Professional Staff Congress and the City University of New York (PSC-CUNY) [Grant 67780-00 45]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2024.4982 .

Key determinants to supply chain resilience to face pandemic disruption: An interpretive triple helix framework.

Today, supply chain (SC) networks are facing more disruptions compared to the past. While disruptions are rare, they can have catastrophic long-term economic or societal repercussions, and the recovery processes can be lengthy. These can tremendously affect the SC and make it vulnerable, as observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. The identification of these concerns has prompted the demand for improved disruption management by developing resilient, agile, and adaptive SC. The aim of this study is to introduce an assessment framework for prioritizing and evaluating the determinants to supply chain resilience (SCR). To analyze the empirical data, fuzzy criteria importance through intercriteria correlation (fuzzy CRITIC) and fuzzy technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (fuzzy TOPSIS) have been incorporated. Fuzzy CRITIC method was used to identify the critical determinants and fuzzy TOPSIS method was applied for determining relative ranking of some real-world companies. Finally, by developing propositions an interpretive triple helix framework was proposed to achieve SCR. This research stands out for its originality in both methodology and implications. By introducing the novel combination of Fuzzy CRITIC and Fuzzy TOPSIS in the assessment of determinants to SCR and applying these determinants with the help of interpretive triple helix framework to establish a resilient SC, this study offers a unique and valuable contribution to the field of SCR. The key findings suggest that 'Responsiveness' followed by 'Managerial coordination and information integration' are the most significant determinant to achieve SCR. The outcome of this work can assist the managers to achieve SCR with improved agility and adaptivity.

School Management in Creating Effective Schools in the Covid Era at Adyatma Sukodono Lumajang Pharmaceutical Vocational School

Efforts to improve human resources have been made maximally by the government, namely by enacting Law number 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System. This means that legally formal Indonesia has a stronger foothold in implementing education. adequate and competent in their field. One of the educators who have an important role in school management is the principal. The principal has an important role in managing the school administration in order to progress. The role of the principal has two main functions, namely the principal as an educational administrator and as an educational supervisor. The threats or crises that are currently being faced are not necessarily bad for schools. On the contrary, it can motivate schools to be better in the future. For example, many schools have ended up doing digital transformation by using web-based applications to facilitate the learning process, meetings, and managerial coordination when working from home. The biggest challenge is that the current pandemic has made schools change all learning arrangements, including at the Adyatma Lumajang Pharmacy High School. The results obtained from the managerial competition consist of 4 aspects, namely planning, organizing, directing, and monitoring. Aspects of planning obtained 815% high category results, organizing results obtained 730% high category results, guidance obtained 414.12% high category results, and supervision obtained 3568% high category results. It can be said that the school's managerial ability in planning to create an effective school is in accordance with the criteria for an effective school. Namely, the principal plans the vision, mission and goals of the school which are then translated into documented short-term programs, medium-term programs and long-term programs.

Non‐cooperative and cooperative environmental R&D under environmental corporate social responsibility with green managerial coordination

AbstractWe consider a polluting Cournot duopoly within a managerial delegation framework and examine conflicting environmental concerns in which the owners pursue strategic environmental corporate social responsibility (ECSR) while the managers undertake diverged environmental research and development (ER&D) investment. We investigate the effects of cooperation in both ECSR and ER&D on a firm's profitability and social welfare and find that managerial coordination has a critical effect on industry emissions, profits, and welfare. In the context of an optimal emissions tax, we show that managerial coordination failure might not occur, but it reduces welfare if the environmental damage is relatively high. We conclude that a pro‐environmental government should encourage cooperative ER&D, especially when owners adopt cooperative ECSR.

Insulating Peace: Managerial Coordination in Durable Security Complexes

Abstract I argue that insulation via managerial coordination is a key element in any explanation about the formation of political regions among states. The key role it plays is as a tool for the maintenance of intra-regional pacific relations in the face of diffusion and contagion processes, resulting from continued security linkages with excluded extra-regional states. In order to explore these dynamics, I propose a new reconceptualization of the concept of managerial coordination based on the basic framework concept mapping tool. This leads to clarity about what managerial coordination does as a dimension of insulation. It also necessitates a revamp of the scale of interstate managerial coordination as a measuring instrument of the intensity of collective intentionality toward insulation among the members of a region. I then map the region concept of durable security complex (DSC) as the scope for the enactment of managerial coordination, based on a review of existing region concepts in the new regionalist literature. I then conduct an ideographic proof-of-concept exercise on three DSCs in the presence or absence of managerial coordination. These are the Scandinavian states, the South Asian regional security complex, and the South American Norther Tier local hierarchy. The exercise provides indicators for a number of theoretical propositions worthy of future evaluation.

A Complex Anti-Terrorist Function of the State and Law

The State forms and implements the law, and the law, in turn, consolidates state functions. At the same time, the turnover of law stimulation prevails in modern conditions. It should be noted that legal thinking ennobles the national legal system. However, in order to facilitate the modernization of law, it is necessary to assess the regularities between the laws and the functions of the state, including in the field under consideration. The paper evaluates the level of managerial activity and coordination of countering terrorism implemented on the basis of international legal standards, as well as operational and qualitative legal thinking. The paper investigates the anti-terrorist objective of early state response to unconstitutional manifestations and its implementation that forms the anti-terrorist function of the State. Global terrorism and other forms of extremism are penetrating many areas in the world in the conditions of active globalization. The ideological virus raised by the bloody terrorist foam demonstrates a challenge to humanity’s ability to preserve itself in the context of relevant threats of internal and external aggression in the present and the future. Terrorism should, however, be understood as the ideology and practice of influencing decisions at all standard levels related to the intimidation of the population and (or) illegal violent actions. Extremism is referred to an attack on the constitutional system and the security of the State, carried out because of denial of legal norms and (or) rules of social behavior. Anti-terrorist and anti-extremist state response in such conditions objectively depends on the complex anti-terrorist function of the State. At the same time, the function of the State (or a state function) forms the direction of the state’s activity in implementing the objectives of the goal in question.

Efficiency Analysis and Smoked Fish Business Development Strategy in Kendal Regency

MSME was proven to have a positive impact on economic growth, thus MSME’s business needs to become sustainable. MSME’s business sustainability is determined by the MSME’s ability to manage their profit efficiency and develop their business strategy. This study aims to examine the profit efficiency of the smoked fish business as one of MSMEs and the BUMDes development strategy in coastal community Tambaksari, Kendal Regency. The quantitative approach was conducted in this study. Primary data from 30 smoked fish entrepreneurs and 3 key person of BUMDes were collected by interview and questionnaire, then analyzed with Stochastic Translog Profit Frontier Analysis and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results show that the efficiency of the smoked fish business still low due to age and education of the human resources. In addition, the propose strategies for develop the BUMDes are managerial training, comparative studies, and coordination with stakeholders in improving performance. The implication of this study is useful for smoked fish entrepreneurs and BUMDes to increase profit efficienct and develop strategy in order to make the business sustainable.

The limits to employee involvement? Employee participation without HRM in a small not-for-profit organisation

PurposeThe strategic human resource management (HRM) literature emphasises the importance of employee involvement and participation for outcomes such as job satisfaction, employee retention and organisational performance. Situational factors identified as conducive to employee participation in decision-making include small size, via less hierarchical, proximate and informal workplace relations. Ownership and mission are also important, with not-for-profit (NFP) organisations generally having more collectivist, commitment-based cultures that support open decision-making. However, such organisations often have weak HRM policies and practices. This paper examines the process and outcomes of employee participation in a small NFP through in-depth case study research.Design/methodology/approachSingle case study utilising longitudinal participant observation, interviews, reflective diary, documentary analysis.FindingsOperating as a collective, the organisation was bound by time and capacity limitations in its ability to plan strategically or even to make routine decisions. Basic HR policies and practices in areas such as staff recruitment and performance management were sub-standard or unobserved. Consequences included poor management, inconsistent training, staff burnout, high labour turnover and sub-optimal performance. The results suggest that weak managerial coordination and the absence of a dedicated HR function subvert effective people management. In such circumstances, strong forms of employee participation fail to deliver anticipated equity and efficiency outcomes.Research limitations/implicationsSingle case study.Practical implicationsSmall organisations need HR policies and dedicated support to ensure that employee involvement and participation are effective.Originality/valueThe findings demonstrate how employee involvement and participation can be subverted by inadequate HR processes, adding qualitative evidence to support theories of HR “bundling” in high-involvement work practices. The research also contributes to the neglected area of HRM in small NFPs.

Issues and challenges in the implementation of public housing redevelopment projects due to earthquake

The post-earthquake housing redevelopment projects success will be much affected when facing with labor, technical staff and experts who are not competent in their field. Moreover, materials scarce supply can cause poor quality of work. At the same time poor community involvement and other important factors that may hinder the project success. Assessment needs also to be carried out in determining the level of damage, location and community conditions so that successful reconstruction can be achieved. This paper provides an overview of the issues and challenges in the implementation of public housing redevelopment projects due to earthquake. The methodologies adopted were mainly focusing on analyzing the information gathered through review of literature and observations made based on personal experience involving in housing redevelopment projects. It was discovered that the most common problem in post-disaster housing redevelopmentis funding. In many instances the government is expected to provide funds earlier. Housing redevelopment project can be an opportunity for corruption which causes loss of project funding, injustice and community rights. Redevelopment projects require top managerial coordination to avoid the ineffectiveness and repetition. Effective policies and strategies are very important to ensure that people’s lives are returned to a better condition and are able to withstand future disasters. Identification of ownership and loss of land documents needed to be identified to prevent the redevelopment process from being hampered and delayed. In order to ensure successful implementation of reconstruction projects issues and challenges that influence its success need to be addressed early.

IMPACT OF AGRIBUSINESS ENTREPRENEURIAL TRAINING ON ENTREPRENEURIAL ATTITUDES AMONG STUDENTS OF OYO STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, IGBOORA, OYO STATE, NIGERIA.

The study explores the impact of Agribusiness entrepreneurial training on entrepreneurial attitudes among students of Oyo State College of Agriculture and Technology (OYSCATECH), Igboora. The study was a cross-sectional design. 132 students offering entrepreneurship education in Agriculture were sampled using a self-report questionnaire and multi-stage sampling. The larger percentage (88.6%) of the respondents were below the age of 25 years, studying Science, management, agriculture engineering and Agriculture management based courses. 52.3% were females and 47.7% were males. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis at p≤0.05. Results reveals that students benefitted from vocation training such as fish production (93.2%); Egg/Broiler production (92.4%), Fish hatchery management (93.9%), Piggery/Rabbit production (93.9%), Fish processing and value addition (92.4%) and Grain/crop production (90.9%). The entrepreneurship skills benefitted include business start-ups (85.6%), managerial coordination (92.4%), book keeping and accounting, (84.8%) among others. Entrepreneurship skills acquired, its perceived adequacy and value correlated significantly with entrepreneurship attitudes. Entrepreneurship skills acquired and its perceived value were significant predictors of attitude towards entrepreneurship while the role of adequacy of entrepreneurship skills was negligible. It was concluded that Agricultural entrepreneurship skills acquired and its perceived value were factors motivating entrepreneurship attitude among students

Can Firms Be Both Broad and Deep? Exploring Interdependencies Between Horizontal and Vertical Firm Scope

Firms can be horizontally diversified, with considerable breadth, or vertically integrated, with great depth. This study explores how breadth and depth affect each other as influenced by capability requirements and coordination demands. Using construction industry data, we assess the interdependence between contractors’ portfolios of building types (horizontal scope) and the extent of integration of the activities needed to complete each project (vertical scope). We find that vertical and horizontal scope have a negative interdependency only when contractors face managerial constraints due to coordination challenges. Further, we show that this effect can be mitigated through organizational structures that centralize key functions. Our findings highlight the importance of coordination in the theory of the firm, as we link firm boundaries to managerial coordination and internal organization.

The Internationalization of Science and Education as a Global Process: a World-System Approach

Introduction. Over the past 20 years, the scale and nature of educational migration has changed, its mechanisms have changed, and managerial coordination has improved. The emergence and development of online educational platforms has changed the general picture of educational migration, forcing researchers to return to the analysis of the ontological, theoretical, and methodological foundations of the study of educational migration as international and regional phenomena. Today, there is a need to select theoretical and methodological grounds for explaining the problems that have arisen in Russian science and the educational system in the process of internationalization. The authors solve the problem of analysis and synthesis of such necessary grounds for the subsequent study of educational migration, its forms and consequences, including for Russian society. Methodology and sources. The theoretical constructions of the world-system approach (I. Wallerstein) are used as a methodological basis. The authors also use the ideas of M. Demeter on the distribution and competition of modern education in the world and the results of research by T. Schott, who studied the links between scientific and educational centers. The authors set the task of integrating the concepts of the world-system approach and the scientific baggage of a number of modern theories (G. Knight, P. Collier) to pose questions and then discuss the current situation in Russia. Results and discussion. The production of knowledge and national education systems are not autonomous from the general dynamics of the world system, they are integral parts of its functioning. The result of social relations "core-semi-periphery-periphery" is the unevenness in the accumulation of transnational academic capital. M. Demeter outlined four types of modern societies, differing in the possibilities of accumulating transnational academic capital. Scientific and educational migration between the countries of the first three types, as a rule, is temporary and useful in terms of communication of highly qualified specialists. The migration of gifted people from the periphery and semi-periphery to the core often becomes emigration, which leads peripheral societies to losses in human capital and not justifying expenses for education. Strategies to overcome the inequality in the accumulation of academic capital and the negative effects of emigration on education and science are to create a "secondary core" on the basis of a common language, as well as to "seize" the main levers in organizing world science, while developing national production and increasing the labor market. Based on the results, the authors propose for discussion three questions about the prospects for the development of the current situation in Russia. First, to which of the four types of societies of the world system (according to M. Demeter) should Russian society be classified? Secondly, does Russia have the opportunity to create a "secondary core" or "capture" leading positions in the organization of world science and education? Thirdly, is there a conscious strategy in Russia today for the formation of something similar to the "secondary core"? Conclusion. The authors argue that the interpretation of the internationalization of education and educational migration based on the world-system approach opens up a number of prospects for further research.

Toward a Contingent Model of Mirroring Between Product and Organization: A Knowledge Management Perspective

Much of the contemporary modularity literature subscribes to the idea that increased product modularity is associated with advantageous increase in organizational modularity. Known as the “mirroring hypothesis,” this proposed relationship states that the structure of a product development organization and the architecture of the product being developed would “mirror” each other. This correspondence suggests that product modularity can be a substitute for overt organizational coordination mechanisms, thereby increasing the efficiency of product development. However, empirical research to date provides inconsistent support for the hypothesis and the extant literature has yet to converge on a systematic explanation for the inconsistent findings. Moreover, important conceptual inconsistencies still remain in the extant literature, which impede cumulative knowledge development. As the first step toward reconciliation, this conceptual paper puts forth a contingent model of mirroring between product and organization, based on the systematic examination of the requisite architectural knowledge that enables product and organizational modularity. The resulting contingent model clearly articulates the knowledge prerequisite of mirroring and its underpinning causal mechanism. Based on the contingent model, a set of propositions are derived to explain and predict when the mirroring relationship will hold and when it will not. This paper thus contributes to the literature by helping to resolve persistent conceptual inconsistencies and reconcile conflicting empirical findings. In addition, explicating the knowledge prerequisite for mirroring places boundary conditions on product modularity as an effective substitute for overt exercise of managerial coordination, which helps us gain a deeper understanding of modularity as a design strategy and how complex innovations can be organized, and provides a basis for more nuanced prescriptions for practitioners to assess the relationships between their product and organization design.

Product Modularity, Team Communication, and Team Cohesion in New Product Development

Much of the mainstream management literature on modularity suggests that product modularity can reduce the need for overt managerial coordination, thereby improving NPD performance. However, empiri...

Logics Hindering Digital Transformation in Cultural Heritage Strategic Management: An Exploratory Case Study

Museums play an important role in tourist flows, especially in cities that are famous for their cultural heritage. To valorize their role, these cultural institutions should open themselves to visitors as vectors of social, educational, and entertainment values. In particular, museums need to reinvent how they transmit information about their collections and how they engage visitors, keeping in mind the opportunities triggered by digitalization. Digital technologies could in fact be a powerful tool to assist in adopting a visitor-oriented approach and to stimulate a two-way communication. This article aims to analyze the extent of digitalization that should be integrated in museums' communication strategies, and to recognize the logics hindering digital transformation in cultural heritage strategic management. We developed an exploratory case study, focused on museums in Turin, Italy, gathering online data through institutional reports, museum websites, and social media, as well as onsite data mainly from semistructured interviews with museum managers. The research shows that most of the interviewees understand the strategic role of digitalization for museum development; however, the level of digital readiness remains low. Alongside the well-known systemic financial deficit of cultural institutions, there are other critical factors that hinder the integration of digitalization processes in the cultural heritage management. Common barriers include the presence of institutional pressures, and the lack of organizational and managerial coordination between different departments and functions that should be involved in the development of digital strategies and their integration in the strategic planning systems of museums. This research offers insights to tackle these challenges, allowing museums to compete in the international context of the cultural and heritage tourism.

Board informal hierarchy and stock price crash risk: Theory and evidence from China

ABSTRACTResearch Question/Issue: This study examines how the informal hierarchy among directors of a firm influences the risk of stock price crash. We theorize that a clear informal hierarchy among directors increases managerial coordination of activities to hide bad news, which increases the risk of future stock price crash.Research Findings/Insights: Consistent with our theoretical predictions, our findings show that the informal hierarchy among directors, measured based on the number of board appointments they have, is positively associated with the risk of future stock price crash. This association is weaker for firms with larger boards but stronger when the CEO's status is higher than that of the majority of the directors on the board. We also find evidence that information hierarchy increases the degree to which managers hide bad news.Theoretical/Academic Implications: This study advances our understanding by showing that an informal hierarchy that tacitly forms among directors on a board can significantly guide boardroom interactions. Specifically, the findings suggest that a clear informal hierarchy among directors enhances their coordination to hide bad news and thereby increases stock price crash risk. Furthermore, the results provide evidence that CEO's status and board size are important factors influencing the functioning of board informal hierarchy.Practitioner/Policy Implications: The results have important implications for researchers and policymakers. The findings show that the informal hierarchy among directors can shape managerial behavior and guide boardroom interactions. The results also suggest that improving formal governance mechanisms can enhance boardroom interactions by moderating the effects of informal hierarchy in the context of China.