Hospital Management System Research Articles

PET/fMRI for precise localization of abnormal brain activity: a mini review

Many brain disorders do not show visible lesions and most likely are resulted from abnormalities in regional brain activity or connectivity. Conventional diagnostic neuroimaging techniques are not capable of precisely localizing the abnormal brain activity, but the recently developed integrated PET/MR technology may have the potential to bridge this gap. Integrated PET/MR has been used in clinical practice. However, its primary application is still a combination of PET imaging and structural MRI. Simultaneous PET/fMRI, a functional+ functional imaging technique, holds the advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution, high sensitivity and specificity, and non-invasiveness. Globally, simultaneous PET/fMRI research is still in its beginning stage, and a few initial PET/fMRI studies have shown that voxel-wise correlation between PET and fMRI metrics was not very high, indicating that they may reflect very different aspects of brain activity. To date more than 5 integrated PET/MR scanners have been set up in mainland China. China has the largest patient population, rapidly developing PET imaging techniques, and well-established capabilities in fMRI neuroimaging analytics. PET/fMRI studies require multi-disciplinary collaborations in nuclear medicine, radiology, chemistry, medical physics, computation science, and cognitive neuroscience. At the moment, the research management system in Chinese hospitals is not conducive to such collaborations and further improvement is needed to encourage multi-disciplinary research such as PET/fMRI. Given the known advantages in patient population and other resources, multi-center and multi-disciplinary studies hold the potential to put China at the leading edge of PET/fMRI research and produce high value results that will advance both neuroimaging sciences and future patient care in brain disorders. Key words: Brain disease; Diagnosis; Positron-emission tomography; Magnetic resonance imaging; Trends

Medical education and health care in China and the USA: a follow-up study of a 4 year cardiovascular visiting programme between Peking University and the University of Minnesota

BackgroundChina has witnessed a fast-developing social system in the past decades; meanwhile, its medical education and health-care system still face many challenges. A growing number of exchange programmes are being established to promote mutual awareness of medical education and health-care systems. The cardiovascular visiting programme between Peking University and University of Minnesota was established in 2013. The aim of this study was to investigate participating Chinese students' opinion about differences in medical education and health care between China and the USA. MethodsWe interviewed Chinese visiting medical students about the difference in health education and medical system between China and the USA before and after their visit to the USA. The questionnaire was based on three parts: the major difference in medical education; the strongest differences in residency training; and major challenges of medical status in China. FindingsWe interviewed 17 Chinese medical students. When comparing various aspects of the Chinese and American health education and medical systems, most students (91%) thought that China's medical education system placed highest value on textbook learning, and all students (100%) believed self-learning to be most important in the USA. Many students (76%) also believed that clinical skill training drew more attention in the USA than in China. Compared with Chinese hospitals, most participants responded that American hospitals obtained the more advanced clinical equipment (76%) and paid more attention to evidence-based treatment (100%), disease prevention (94%), and the importance of a national informationised system (65%). Among the challenges China is facing, amendment of the national medical referral system, improvement in doctor income and freelance policy, and strengthened clinical skills and operations training during fellowships were considered more important and urgent than in the USA. InterpretationWe found various differences between China and the USA with respect to medical education, hospital management, medical insurance, and communication between the patients and doctors. China still faces challenges and gaps in its health education and hospital management system as compared to the USA. As a result, mutual exchange programmes for medical students between China and the USA are beneficial and a crucial way to achieve a global and prosperous medical development in the future. The biggest limitations of this observational study were its small sample size and that it included Chinese students only. More medical students from both China and the USA might be interviewed in the future so as to further explore the difference in the medical education system. FundingNone.

Global lessons: developing military trauma care and lessons for civilian practice

The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have helped to shape the modern Defence Medical Services. Many lessons were learnt including the need for rapid haemorrhage control, senior decision-making and the evolution of deployed transfusion support. These changes were implemented simultaneously with a coherent, end-to-end medical plan from point of wounding through to rehabilitation. Implementation of the medical plan is harmonious with the NHS trauma pathway, and is key to ensuring effective delivery. Military anaesthetists have a long pre-deployment training pathway starting with a Certificate of Completion of Training (CCT) in anaesthesia and/or critical care, and with an emphasis on military skills related to their specific role. Pre-deployment training includes additional skill training, team training and finally whole hospital collective training. This pathway ensures ongoing and continuing competence on an individual basis, and assurance that hospital management systems and clinical staff can function effectively as a deploying unit.

Perspectives on modern hospital management system

In line with the organizational theory, the authors described characteristics of management systems with conventional organizational structure, and those of enterprise management systems of special organizational forms. On such basis, the paper explored in depth the uniqueness of hospital management systems and cornerstone principles, thus proposed key points of modern hospital management system. In this study of systems for resource control, appraisal and incentive, the authors attempted to establish a balanced governance. Key words: Organization; Structure; Modern hospital management system; Governance

Electronic Propinquity in the Hospital Management System among ICT Integrated Hospitals in Malaysia

This research explores the applicability of electronic propinquity (EP) in hospitals and the integrated communication among medical doctors in Malaysia by utilizing new media facilities. This research uses and updates Korzenny’s (1978) electronic propinquity theory. A total of six hospitals were selected in this study. This study used a qualitative methodology to address all objectives: to examine the level of IT literacy among Medical Officers; to examine the existence of electronic propinquity among medical officers; to explore the use of new media among medical staffs in their work and to identify the integrated communication among medical officers. For this purpose, the formula introduced by Amran Rasli has been adopted to examine the IT literacy level of medical officers. To obtain an applicable result, 8 Medical Officers agreed to take part in semi-structured interviews and to fill in the forms provided. From the result of this analysis and through thematic methods, we found that the advantages listed are contained in the elements of EP. The study showed that the level of literacy among Medical Officers is high, and the most used programme is the Microsoft Words. The study also showed that there is an existence of electronic near-theoretical in hospital management which uses new media preordained by the closeness in time, followed by physical and distance. Among other purpose of using new media among medical officers is to gain knowledge, office work and entertainment. Finally, the result of this study showed that the integrated communication existed indirectly. Regardless that the ICT facilities are provided by the Malaysian government, the use of applications in mobile phones is considered more helpful to the Medical Officer to carry out their responsibilities. This statement is in line with some previous research findings, medical doctors need only a few technology-oriented facilities in management since their primary task is to treat patients while only a few are involved with administrations. Keywords: New media, social media, media, communication, hospital information system

Explorations of the healthcare group reform: Edong Healthcare Group

Edong Healthcare Group is cited as an example to introduce the founding background, and summarize its successful practices and outcomes in corporate governance, internal operation management mechanism, and optimized resources deployment within the group. Win-win mechanism is proposed as the key to a successful grouping reform, and further experiment with the hierarchical medical system is recommended for deeper reform in building groups of public hospitals. Key words: Public hospital; Modern hospital management system; Corporate governance structure; Hierarchical medical system; Grouping

Exploring OOAD Concepts Through Course Projects

This paper presents the innovative approach carried out in conducting Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) lab course for post graduate students. OOAD lab course is designed in such a way that the students will be able to analyze, design and implement the real time problems. The lab course structure involves mainly two parts; in the first part selecting problem, analyzing the requirements and designing the chosen problem. The second part focuses on implementation of the design, completed in previous phase.We discuss the methods of OOAD and applied them for implementing the real world applications. Students have implemented the projects in this lab course through which they have explored the OOAD concepts. Problem selection choice is given to the students. In the first part students have done the design of the chosen problem using OOAD and UML concepts individually. This design is done through Rational ROSE tool. In second part, group of 2 or 3 students have implemented the application using JAVA and My SQL programming language.The outcome of this course, 15 projects like hospital, restaurant, vehicle booking, inventory, hostel and placement management system, etc. have developed by the students. Thus the activity of project development has improved the design, implementation and presentation skills of students. The performances of the students are measured in Continuous Internal Evolution (CIE) and Semester End Exam(SEE).

Formalization of a Hospital Management System

Formalization of a Hospital Management System

A case study of HMS using CIPA

In recent years, research into software architecture (SA) has become an important topic within the domain of software engineering. Since architecture plays a dominant role, analysis of SA is more important. Aim of analysing SA is to predict the quality of that system before it has been built. Among many SA analysis methods available, architecture trade-off analysis method is the most desirable one. Pattern’s which has impact on quality attributes is also used in this paper. This paper analyses hospital management system case study as a major work and uses new patterns named creative innovative patterns for architecture analysis to analyse its architecture.

A Descriptive analysis of civil engineering maintenance in government hospital buildings

Technical maintenance management was established to monitor the serviceability of some assets or buildings in providing the conducive environment to end users. Hospital classified as the most complex and heavily used buildings in government sectors and requires efficient maintenance schedule due to its functions to occupied patient almost all the time. Therefore, the scope of a maintenance management system in the government hospital is to ensure the preservation of its assets from defects and failures, thus optimize its function to serve the community accordingly. This research seeks to investigate the type of defects that normally occurred at the selected governments hospitals within Northern Peninsular Malaysia and the process of daily maintenance activities is to assess the hospital building performance with respect to their services and maintenances. In addition, this research also focuses the major problems that may arise during maintenance activities, thus offers the effective strategies to overcome them. In order to obtain the data, a set of questionnaire has been prepared and distributed to the selected hospitals. Data obtained from the survey is analyzed using IBM SPSS software. The result of the study presents the feedback and suggestion from the maintenance staff about the overall defects that have been identified in the government hospital building. Most of the respondents agreed that cracking is the major defect occurred in the selected hospital building. Improper installation during construction recognized as the vital factor leads to cracking in building structure. Based on the analysis, insufficient cost tends to constrain the maintenance work activities.

Innovations in Medication Preparation Safety and Wastage Reduction: Use of a Workflow Management System in a Pediatric Hospital

Background: USP <797> regulatory requirements have mandated that pharmacies improve aseptic techniques and cleanliness of the medication preparation areas. In addition, the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) recommends that technology and automation be used as much as possible for preparing and verifying compounded sterile products. Objective: To determine the benefits associated with the implementation of the workflow management system, such as reducing medication preparation and delivery errors, reducing quantity and frequency of medication errors, avoiding costs, and enhancing the organization's decision to move toward positive patient identification (PPID). Methods: At Texas Children's Hospital, data were collected and analyzed from January 2014 through August 2014 in the pharmacy areas in which the workflow management system would be implemented. Data were excluded for September 2014 during the workflow management system oral liquid implementation phase. Data were collected and analyzed from October 2014 through June 2015 to determine whether the implementation of the workflow management system reduced the quantity and frequency of reported medication errors. Data collected and analyzed during the study period included the quantity of doses prepared, number of incorrect medication scans, number of doses discontinued from the workflow management system queue, and the number of doses rejected. Data were collected and analyzed to identify patterns of incorrect medication scans, to determine reasons for rejected medication doses, and to determine the reduction in wasted medications. Results: During the 17-month study period, the pharmacy department dispensed 1,506,220 oral liquid and injectable medication doses. From October 2014 through June 2015, the pharmacy department dispensed 826,220 medication doses that were prepared and checked via the workflow management system. Of those 826,220 medication doses, there were 16 reported incorrect volume errors. The error rate after the implementation of the workflow management system averaged 8.4%, which was a 1.6% reduction. After the implementation of the workflow management system, the average number of reported oral liquid medication and injectable medication errors decreased to 0.4 and 0.2 times per week, respectively. Conclusion: The organization was able to achieve its purpose and goal of improving the provision of quality pharmacy care through optimal medication use and safety by reducing medication preparation errors. Error rates decreased and the workflow processes were streamlined, which has led to seamless operations within the pharmacy department. There has been significant cost avoidance and waste reduction and enhanced interdepartmental satisfaction due to the reduction of reported medication errors.

探索如何提升医院中青年行政管理人员队伍职业素养的方法

职能部门是医院行政管理的载体，执行医务、科研、教学、行政等管理决策并为医院领导层提供建设性参考，直接影响医院文化建设和医院发展的前景。中青年行政管理人员是职能部门的中坚力量和未来主力军，如何通过多方式举措以提升中青年行政管理人员队伍职业素养，并培养一批中青年优秀管理人才，切实适宜医院的内涵管理体系，为促进医院文化软实力的建设提供强有力的人力资源保障，这成为了当下提升医院核心竞争力的迫切需要。 Functional departments, which are responsible for administrative management, carry out policies and decision of medical affairs, scientific research, teaching and administration in order to provide constructive reference for the leader of hospital. Therefore, good and scientific management of functional departments would be closely related to cultural construction and developmental prospects of the hospital. Young administrators are the main force and future leaders of functional departments. How to greatly strengthen their management career ability and cultivate a group of excellent young administrators as the guarantee of human resources to promote the soft power of hospital culture through motivation ways, who are suitable for the content management system of hospital, has become an urgent need to enhance core competitive ability of hospital.

Measurement and Analysis of Mental Workload of Marine Team in Observing Hospital Management System

Marine Team workload is increasingly thought to affect person quality of work life and patient safety. Workflow interruptions are a frequent stressor in clinical work, impeding clinicians’ attention and contributing to clinical malpractice. We aimed to investigate prospective associations of workflow interruptions with multiple dimensions of mental workload in person during marine shifts. On entering and leaving porn a commander IIE and such a large number of operations of a rudder and motor control, that he gives orders for extension colleagues. Additionally, a ship's course control is troublesome at a low speed as it is effortlessly influenced by wind and current. On entering/leaving Port, the participation among extension partners is most essential for safe route and its significance is regular information on the planet. In any case, its assessment relies on upon a seafarer's understanding, not a quantitative record. We require an assessment technique for collaboration and relations among colleagues with the quantitative file to assess Bridge Team Management. The motivation behind this paper is to assess the mental workload of extension group on entering and leaving ports with heart rate changeability.

Epidemiology and fatal outcomes of snakebite in the union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli

Background: Snakebite is one of the most neglected public health issues in the tropical and subtropical countries; India, being one of them. It is a medical emergency requiring immediate medical attention issues in poor tribal communities living in the forest area. Objectives: The indigenous factors of any geographical region are unique, and it contributes to the incidence of the snakebite and the outcome. It is necessary to consider the indigenous factors in the preventive and curative policies. The study was conducted to understand the epidemiological, geographical, and demographical aspect of snakebite in the union territory (UT) of Dadra and Nagar Haveli. Materials and Methods: Information concerning incident of venomous snakebite on weekly basis from all government health-care providers as presumptive surveillance. Furthermore, the victim’s demographic information, age, sex, addresses, biting site, and the outcome of the snakebite victims were recorded through Integrated Hospital Management System. Result: The crude incidence rate of snakebites was 21.65/10000, and annual age-standardized mortality rates per 100,000 were 1.1. The males were outnumbered on females. The male and female ratio was observed 1.4:1. Conclusion: The fatal outcomes of snakebite can be reduced in high risk area with implementation of a systematic behaviors change communication and mobilization of victims to the hospital, along with prompt administration of anti-snake venom serum (ASVS).

56 A hospital management system based on workflow

Objectives Hospital management systems, currently under the network environment, are an emerging category of information systems. The decomposition of hospital management systems into the workflow of mobile agents’ architectures does not seem an appropriate solution, since mobile agents can allow servers to be made more flexible, with components being added and removed at runtime. Mobile agents can reduce network load and permit disconnected operation during which a client can also ‘launch’ a mobile agent into the network. Methods In this paper, we study a hospital management system based on workflow. It can cope with the rapidly evolving business environment better than most other systems as they are more flexible and open. We describe a possible architecture of such a hospital management system. Mobile agents enable a flexible and adaptive system with the possibility of simulation, analysis and monitoring of process execution in order to identify potential inconsistencies and to provide appropriate information to the administrator for the purpose of process improvement. Then we discuss the functionalities and the collaborations of mobile agents, followed by process state transitions and the executing process of the hospital management system. Results We implemented the described architecture and proposed solutions to the problems arising while the hospital management system was being implemented. The prototype design could provide a more flexible and adaptive infrastructure for incorporating dynamic changes into the currently executing process model. Due to a mobile agent system, its modular design both reduces the complexity of the system and is also easy to expand, as well as having good robustness and reliability. Conclusions We have constructed a hospital management system based on workflow which provides more flexibility, adaptability and expansibility, and is more robust and reliable than existing systems. Acknowledgments This work was financially supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 61263023 and 51174103. It was also subsidized by key projects of the Yunnan Education Department (Grant Nos. 2012Z107 and 2013Z129).

Aplicação do AHP na Aquisição de um ERP de Gestão Hospitalar

The implementation of a hospital management system is a crucial project for an organization that aims to develop and integrate their business processes. This type of system is known as Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP). The acquisition of an ERP is a complex decision due to the novelty of the type of decision, the impact on the modus operandi of the organization and the change project processes and adequacy of manpower. Each department may have different objectives and criteria to define what would be the best option. In such cases, the application of a method of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM), as the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), could contribute to this choice. The objective of this article is to identify how the AHP method can help a hospital complex in decision-making process on the selection of a management system. It was the study of a single case, based on documents generated in the decision process and in-depth interviews. The analysis results showed that the using of AHP method could collaborate in the system acquisition process with the generation of criteria based on the needs of all areas, in obtaining team consensus in the process of acquisition decision, team commitment and engagement of stakeholders.

Barriers to Adoption of Hospital Management Systems : A Study of Punjab Healthcare Industry

The convergence of information technology in healthcare has the potential to revolutionise this sector. Technology integration in the form of hospital management systems popularly known as hospital information systems (HIS) offers a big opportunity not only to enhance service quality, but also reduce healthcare costs and increase patient satisfaction and care. It facilitates integration of hospital processes and management of medical information to foster a culture of efficiency. Nevertheless, in the Indian healthcare sector, as compared to its peer nations, the state of technology integration is dismal, with sluggish adoption of HIS. The state of Punjab is no exception to this. Interestingly, hospitals in Punjab possess advanced medical technology and health care delivery infrastructure, but still, they are trapped in relentless competition, high healthcare costs, and poor patient satisfaction. Numerous barriers exist that refrain the hospitals from implementing HIS. Punjab health challenges, though unique and complex, offer a remarkable opportunity. Our research aimed at specifically identifying the factors that are responsible for the low rate of adoption of hospital management systems in the hospitals of Punjab. It further proposed a suggestive framework to industry practitioners and policy makers to tackle these barriers so as to enhance HIS integration and change the face of the Punjab healthcare industry.

医院绩效管理研究与探索

At first, the article introduces the history and present status of performance management in hospitals. Second, it lays out the basic theories of performance management, from three aspects of the concept, process and method. Specially, in home and abroad, there are two performance management methods always to be used. They are Key Performance Indicator ( KPI) and Balance Scorecard (BSC). Performance management was a process of plan, action, communication, evaluation and feedback in hospital staff or section’s behavior and result. Good performance management system could promote staff capacity and improve total performance in organization. In the last part, performance management is important for hospital. It could improve efficiency and service quality, which is the effectiveness for hospital’s managing. It is necessary to maintain the core competency by the performance management system of hospital.

Enhancing Data Privacy in Web Service Composition

Background/Objectives: Various types of web services are offered on the internet, which led to increasing the interest in the area of web service composition by utilizing many available web services. Web services will be acting like as interface for providing cross-organizational collaborations on the internet. Methods: To ensure the privacy of consumer data in cross-organizational composition services where, no proper collection, maintenance and delivery of the sensitive data is available. A framework has been proposed in this paper that addresses consumer privacy concerns in composite web services. This framework provides a technique for privacy policy checking between a user and a service provider for compatible privacy policies. Findings: Web services composition environment are highly computerized, vibrant, and diverse in nature. These attributes provide the high level of risk on the communication entities on the internet. Applications: The structure applies to the Hospital Management System, Which involves three entities called a patient, consultant and service providers. The encryption and multi-level of authentication ensure the Privacy of the sensitive data.

Research on the hospital management system in view of total quality management

Hospital TQM system is designed to fit China′s specifics, based on the Total Quality Management(TQM)theory and integrating the system theory concepts, comprising two structural modules of perceived quality and non-perceived quality.The former is a trinity framework made up of patient satisfaction, employee commitment and social reputation, while the latter is a management system featuring Six pillars and six columns , constituting a three-dimensional management for integrated operation and integration of the hospital. Key words: Total quality management; Perceived quality; Non-perceived quality; Management system