Management Science Research Articles

Science Communication and Popularization of Science in CS recruitment Tasks

The article analyzes the global practice of using science communication and, in particular, science popularization to recruit volunteers for citizen science projects (CS recruitment). Russians actively participate in global, cross-border online projects. However, local Russian CS projects are less successful. It is shown that the problem of unsatisfactory recruitment is very serious. Science communication and science popularization contribute to recruitment and volunteer retention. Moreover, the role of communication is particularly important in the early stages of a project. The concepts of active and preliminary stages of CS recruitment are introduced to identify the dynamics of volunteer motivation. The experiences considered in the article can be useful for scientific management in Russia.

Action research in LSCM since 2010 – the emergence of design science

PurposeThe purpose of this study is the review of current status of action research (AR) and design science (DS) in logistics and supply chain management (SCM) and to compare AR and DS.Design/methodology/approachThe paper’s approach comprises the literature review of AR and DS articles.FindingsFirst, not much has changed in terms of number of published AR articles, despite frequent calls for more relevant research. One explanation is the academic system. Second, there is an increased focus on theory, which from a positive perspective is a sign of our field maturing, yet the academic system and current editorial philosophies may also contribute to this development. Third, DS is emerging as a potential replacement of AR.Research limitations/implicationsThe study provides suggestion for both authors and editors when it comes to the increased focus on theory. Comparing AR and DS, the two approaches are similar. However, while the increased focus on theory is reflected in DS, it also seems to be an inferior approach for ill-defined change-focused problems, requiring in-depth, collaborative, data-rich, longitudinal studies.Originality/valueThis paper is the first article that reviews and compares AR and DS in LSCM.

Adapting Western management practices: the rationalization and Taylorization of Turkish state monopolies in early republican Turkey (1933–1950)

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the introduction of rationalist concepts through Taylorization to Turkey during the early republican era, using Wallace Clark’s case of the Turkish State Monopolies.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses a historical narrative approach to explore the roles of foreign experts in the transfer of rationalist and Taylorist ideas to Turkish State Monopolies (Inhisarlar Idaresi).FindingsThis study illuminates the introduction and adoption of Taylorist principles in early republican Turkey through multiple lenses. First, it underscores the era’s fervent drive for rapid modernization, rooted in emulation of Western models perceived as progressive. Second, using a historical narrative approach, this research highlights the pivotal role of foreign expertise in catalyzing and formalizing rationalization efforts.Originality/valueThis study makes a unique and meaningful contribution to the history of management in terms of demonstrating the international influence of the Scientific Management Movement through the neglected case of Turkey.

Analyzing the innovation ecosystem of China's major science and technology projects: From the ecological and systems science perspective

The National Major Science and Technology Projects in China are characterized by government leadership, interdisciplinary collaboration, and international cooperation. However, challenges such as insufficient innovation capacity and inadequate commercialization of scientific achievements are becoming increasingly prominent. This paper adopts the conceptual framework of natural ecology to examine these projects. By utilizing theories and methods from ecology and systems science, we draw an analogy between the innovation ecosystem of China's national major science and technology projects and the structure of ecological systems, analyzing the interrelationships among the components of the innovation ecosystem and establishing the four-level model. The findings indicate that collaboration and policy guidance among the enterprise, research, and auxiliary innovation layers promote scientific output and innovation, while the external environmental layer provides robust support and safeguards, collectively driving the development of the innovation ecosystem. We study the operational mechanisms of the innovation ecosystem in depth, identifying mechanisms of competitive symbiosis, coordination, and sharing. These mechanisms work together throughout the project management process, offering new insights for enhancing the scientific and effective management of these projects. The national innovation ecosystem and high-quality development mutually reinforce and complement each other. As a critical pathway to high-quality development, our study provides new approaches to addressing the challenges of insufficient innovation capacity and the difficulty in translating scientific achievements into practice, contributing to the optimization of resource allocation, and the deep integration of technological innovation with economic and social development.

Digital Intelligence Drives the High-Quality Development of the Healthcare Service System: Development Mechanisms and Implementation Pathway

The rapid development of digital intelligence technologies is providing a powerful boost to the high-quality development of the healthcare system. Considering the current state of our healthcare services and guided by General Secretary Xi Jinping's insights on new quality productive forces and the directives from Third Plenary Session of Communist Party of China's 20th Central Committee, the high-quality development of the healthcare service system should focus on digital intelligence technologies such as cloud computing, big data, privacy computing, blockchain, Internet of Things (IoT), mobile computing, and AI. The key measures should include the optimization of production factors, services, and governance. Emphasis should be placed on enhancing the efficient and intensive development of the development model, ensuring the high-quality and continuous integration of the supply model, and transitioning to scientific and modern management methods. Herein, we analyzed the "factor optimization-service optimization-governance optimization" development mechanism driven by digital intelligence and proposed corresponding implementation pathways, intending to provide references for establishing a high-quality and efficient healthcare service system with Chinese characteristics.

The Connection of Archival Science with Graphology and Criminology Studies

Graphology is a branch of science used to try to determine a person’s individual characteristics and details about that person based on a person’s handwriting. It was first started by the French clergyman-archaeologist Jean-Hippolyte Michon in 1871 and its use area has expanded in Europe over time. The science of graphology is a useful method that can also be used to evaluate people’s emotional development, give people career advice for the future, and even provide psychological analysis. For example, it is known that many international company managers today use the science of graphology to evaluate the personal characteristics of job applicants during or after the interview stage. However, there are also criticisms that the science of graphology cannot always produce clear results. To put it more clearly, in the science of evidence (criminology), a broad consensus on the validity of graphology studies has not been reached. Based on this point, the benefits and shortcomings of graphology were analyzed in the study and evaluations were made about the place and importance of graphology in archival science. In addition, the impact of graphology science on archiving science has also been evaluated by focusing on the connection between criminology science. The study, which focuses on the contribution of graphology science to archiving and information and document management sciences in particular, was completed by making various suggestions to support future academic studies.

Changes in soil microbial community and function across stand age of Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis plantations in subtropical China

Microbial communities are important influencing factors in soil biogeochemical cycling. Differences in stand age can affect microbial communities and functions by altering soil biochemical characteristics. Studying the changes in soil microbial communities and functions at different ages of Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis can provide a theoretical basis for the scientific management of plantations. Therefore, we collected soil samples from different soil depths from 7- (7a), 13- (13a), 24- (24a), 33- (33a), and 53-year (53a) C. japonica var. sinensis plantations, to assess the differences in soil biochemical characteristics, soil bacterial and fungal communities, soil enzyme activity, and soil respiration rate. Results showed that as the stand age increases, the ACE and Shannon indices of fungal communities showed an initial increase followed by a decrease, whereas the Chao 1 index showed an increasing trend. The ACE and Shannon indices of bacterial communities did not change with stand age, but the Chao1 index decreased with an increase in stand age. In addition, the fungal ACE and Chao1 indices and bacterial Shannon index were higher at the 0–15 cm depth than at the 15–30 cm depth. Soil microbial community composition varied with stand age and soil depth, including Proteobacteria and Unclassified_k_Fungi relative abundances, and their functional groups' (nitrogen cycling-related bacteria, saprophytic fungi, pathogens, and ectomycorrhizal fungi) relative abundances. In addition, stand age will indirectly affect soil microbial function by influencing soil biochemical characteristics and microbial communities at the 0–15 cm depth, whereas at the 15–30 cm depth, there is no direct or indirect impact on the above indicators. In summary, significant variations exist in soil microbial communities and their functions across stand ages, and these differences will further vary between soil depths. Our research contributes to a better understanding of the impact of different ages of afforestation on soil biogeochemical cycling, providing valuable microbial information for the sustainable management of C. japonica var. sinensis forests in the future.

Adoption of Appropriate Agricultural Model for Food Security in Guiping Town, Renshou County, China

This study explores the problems and strategies in modern physical education around the issue of improving students' sports participation. By analyzing factors such as outdated teaching methods, single curriculum design, imperfect evaluation mechanism, insufficient school sports culture atmosphere, and lack of social and family support, the reasons for the low level of students' sports participation are deeply analyzed. The study emphasizes that physical education is not only a means to improve physical fitness, but also an important way to promote students' mental health and cultivate social interaction skills. On this basis, the study proposes specific strategies such as improving teaching methods, optimizing curriculum design, strengthening school sports culture construction, providing diversified sports projects, and family and social support. Through multi-dimensional methods such as gamification teaching, stratified teaching, ability grouping, interest-driven, interdisciplinary integration, and family and community resource sharing, students' participation in sports activities can be effectively improved, thereby improving the effectiveness of physical education. The study pointed out that the purpose of physical education is to help students develop comprehensively in terms of physical fitness, psychological and social abilities through scientific teaching and management, and promote the improvement of their comprehensive quality.

A technical–scientific content management system on water reuse as an environmental education tool: the experience of a Portugal/Brazil partnership

ABSTRACT This study presents the Instituto Reúso de Água (IRdA) as a high-quality environmental education tool. The results measured the reach of IRdA's direct (webinars, learning series, and mentoring) and indirect (technical–scientific repository and the production of more easily assimilated data) educational actions since its conception (Period 01), operation of the platform (Period 02), and operation of IRdA (Period 03), through its digital platform and social media. The direct actions proved to be effective in disseminating knowledge, highlighting a preference for the topic ‘regulation’ and adherence to content produced in different video formats. On the other hand, the indirect actions showed that the scientific approach is less accessed due to its complex language. However, when presented into more accessible data, scientific content gains confidence and can be of great relevance for the transformation of society. The results corroborate the current trend of greater educational reach in a free and digital format to build a society truly committed to water reuse and its more efficient management.

Principle, structure and application progress of the forest landscape model FireBGCv2.

Forest landscape model can quantitatively simulate the spatiotemporal variations in forest structure and function at the landscape scale based on traditional field survey data and mathematical models, providing a reference for the formulation of scientific forest management strategies. FireBGCv2 is one of the representative models currently used in the research area of forest landscape changes. It can simulate ecological processes at various scales, including trees scale (tree growth, establishment, and mortality), stand scale (carbon and nitrogen pools, fuel treatment, decomposition), site scale (resource competition and species phenology), and landscape scale (seed dispersal and wildfire disturbances), and the effects of those processes on forest landscape structure and function. The advantage of this model lies in its ability to simulate multiple ecological processes while considering the diversity and complexity of ecosystems. However, it also has drawbacks, such as high computational demands and complexity of use. We summarized the basic principles and structure of FireBGCv2 and introduced its application progress in forest landscape research and management. Currently, the application of the FireBGCv2 model, both domestically and internationally, mainly focused on exploring the interactions between fire, climate, and vegetation, quantifying the spatial and temporal dynamics of fires, and describing potential fire dynamics under future climate scenarios and land management strategies. With the in-depth development of forest landscape model theories and applications, the future prospects of FireBGCv2 include improving and updating the model's algorithms, adding new functional modules to explore fire management issues, and meeting the needs of different users.

Using surface runoff to reveal the mechanisms of landscape patterns driving on various forms of nitrogen in non-point source pollution

Non-point source (NPS) pollution directly threatens river water quality, constrains sustainable economic development, and poses hazards to human health. Comprehension of the impact factors on NPS pollution is essential for scientific river water quality management. Despite the landscape pattern being considered to have a significant impact on NPS pollution, the driving mechanism of landscape patterns on NPS pollution remains unclear. Therefore, this study coupled multi-models including the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), Random Forest, and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to construct the connection between landscape patterns, NPS pollution, and surface runoff. The results suggested that increased runoff during the wet season enhances the link between landscape patterns and NPS pollution, and the explained NPS pollution variation by landscape pattern increased from 59.6 % (dry season) to 84.9 % (wet season). Furthermore, from the impact pathways, we find that the sink landscape pattern can significantly and indirectly influence NPS pollution by regulating surface runoff during the wet season (0.301*). Meanwhile, the sink and source landscape patterns significantly and directly impact NPS pollution during different seasons. Moreover, we further find that the percentage of paddy land use (Pad_PLAND) and grassland patch density (Gra_PD) metrics can significantly predict the dissolved total nitrogen (DTN) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N) variation. Thus, controlling the runoff migration process by guiding the rational evolution of watershed landscape patterns is an important development direction for watershed NPS pollution management.

Unveiling the intellectual nexus between Peirce’s synechism and Goldratt’s theory of constraints: insights for management and organization studies

Purpose Charles Sanders Peirce (1839–1914), recognized as the father of philosophical pragmatism, has been described as a philosopher’s philosopher. Eliyahu Moshe Goldratt (1947–2011), considered the father of the management philosophy theory of constraints (TOC), has been described as being, first and foremost, a philosopher. The TOC body of knowledge is mainly preserved as concrete methodologies used in the management discipline. By examining the foundational elements of synechism and the TOC, the purpose of this study is to investigate the intellectual connections between the arguments and legacies of Goldratt and Peirce. Although this connection is worthy of much further investigation, the research emphasizes the possible implications from a management philosophy perspective. Design/methodology/approach Based on a “review with an attitude,” the authors first examined the foundations of Goldratt’s TOC through the lens of Peirce’s synechism. Next, the authors then examined how the study of Peirce combined with a selection of contemporary research in the management and organizational studies domain could point out a direction toward completing Goldratt’s unfinished intellectual work to establish a unified science management while addressing some of the current gaps in the TOC body of knowledge. Findings Major findings show that synechism’s growth may extend TOC knowledge, improving managerial practice in organizations. Findings on the convergent ideas of both also reveal that Goldratt valued all synechism categories, emphasizing the importance of not overlooking Firstness. Furthermore, the study analyzes the abductive inference demonstrated in the two use cases, introducing an additional metaphor to the management of organizational systems inspired by Peirce’s philosophical concepts. The research concludes that incorporating TOC and synechism principles can enhance management and organizational practices and enrich management philosophy and theories. Research limitations/implications This pioneering research opens promising opportunities to draw parallels between Peirce and Goldratt. Interdisciplinary collaboration will enhance the rigor and validity of integrating synechism and TOC. Experts in organizational behavior, systems theory and complexity science can provide valuable insights into this debate, while practitioners and consultants could help identify barriers and opportunities for integrating synechistic principles. Practical implications The study proposes a novel abductive approach using Peirce’s cable metaphor as an initial framework to build a unified science of management based on evolutionary stages: TOC, common sense and connectedness. Originality/value This research reinforces the argument that contemporary management practices need philosophical thinking. The authors argue that re-evaluating the foundations of management thought enriches the decision-making process in organizations and the understanding of contemporary theories in management and organizational studies.

Practice of Educational Administration Theories in Secondary School of Bangladesh

The efficient execution of educational programs in schools has made the position of educational administrators increasingly important. Theories offer a conceptual structure that facilitates comprehending, forecasting, and managing behavior within organizational settings. The purpose of this study is to explore the practice of educational administration (EA) theories in secondary school of Bangladesh, and the role of educational administrators. A qualitative approach is used for gaining in-depth understanding in the real-life-situation. Semi-Structure Interview and Focus Group Discussion have been used to collect data. Data have been analyzed using thematic analysis technique. Findings show that secondary schools of Bangladesh are practicing the Scientific Management Theory and System Theory collaboratively through maintaining formal structure. Human Relationship and Behavioral Approach Theory have been practiced in the shadow of formal structure. As well a hybrid approach is being practiced in the schools. The administrators find the challenges to practice these theories. The challenges are lack of infrastructure, scarcity of teaching learning resources, teacher-student-ratio, local conflict, and school managing committee’s internal clash. The findings of this study would be useful for educators, educational administrators and researchers in advancing EA theories in education. Teacher’s World: Journal of Education and Res arch, 50(1): 135-154

Grouping-maintenance of multi-components production system under ecological background

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to propose an opportunistic group maintenance model for a multi-component series system considering reducing CO2 emission and increasing system efficiency, which establishes a maintenance policy to minimize the cost rate of the system life cycle.Design/methodology/approach: Structural dependence and economic dependence between the components in a multi-component series system are analyzed to make a condition-based maintenance policy. To minimize the cost rate of the system life cycle, clustering theory and two decision variables, which include the preventative maintenance cycle multiplier and basic preventive maintenance interval of each component, is utilized to make an opportunistic policy for system optimal maintenance under the background of increasing energy efficiency and reducing CO2 emissions.Findings: It can be concluded that the government imposes fines on excessive CO2 emissions and energy consumption indicators, which can influence the maintenance decisions of enterprises, promote enterprises to shorten the cycle of preventive maintenance, and avoid excessive CO2 emissions of various components and exceed the indicators as much as possible, so as to enable enterprises to actively save energy, reduce emissions and control carbon emissions. Furthermore, when the single preparation cost of repair maintenance increases, enterprises need to shorten the maintenance period to avoid frequent component failures. As the cost of a single prep for preventive maintenance rises, organizations need to extend maintenance cycles and avoid frequent parts downtime - minimizing their own repair costs.Practical implications: Considering the high maintenance cost and low energy efficiency of multi-component systems, this model assists production managers to have better maintenance of these systems.Originality/value: 1.Model innovation: comprehensive consideration of two variables in the selection of decision variables for preventive maintenance or opportunistic maintenance; The selection and synthesis of ecological factors when making ecologically conscious maintenance decisions for multi-component systems make up for the gaps of single variables and one-sided indicators in previous studies and models. 2. Methodological innovation: In the identification of opportunity maintenance, the idea of clustering is first combined; In the simulation analysis, genetic algorithm is used to obtain the optimal parameters quickly and accurately. A blend of management, statistics, biology and computer science.

Optimalisasi Penggunaan Human Resource Information System (HRIS) pada Human Capital Administration of The Foundation

The Foundation is a non-profit organization that focuses on education and empowerment of women in micro-enterprises (MSMEs). The Foundation has several community activity programs such as scholarship programs, batik learning houses, learning house programs for underprivileged community groups, etc. Community Service Activities carried out by STIE Trisakti at The Foundation aim to help organizations improve the accuracy and completeness of data on the HRIS (Human Resource Information System) used by The Foundation so that the process of managing Human Resource (HR) management activities becomes more efficient and appropriate. The STIE Trisakti Community Service Team together with The Foundation team carry out activities to apply management science, especially human resource management, to optimize the use of HRIS as a solution for managing organizational HR by updating employee data through the process of collecting the latest employee data and filling out employee data update forms continuously. The use of HRIS in routine activities is the responsibility of the HC administration unit so that the available data is accurate and can minimize errors that generally occur in the process of organizational HR management activities. Accurate employee data information is an important part of the HR management process to achieve efficiency and effectiveness in achieving success goals.

Global trends and future research resources-based view theory in management science through a scoping review and bibliometric analysis

The objective of this study was to analyze recent research conditions and future research themes related to the resource-based view (RBV). The scoping review and bibliometric analysis (ScoRBA) method was used in this study. The data sources of this study were 171 scientific articles collected from Scopus. This study was conducted to visualize the results of the bibliometric analysis via co-occurrence analysis and thematic maps via VOSviewer software. The keyword used to find the scientific articles was a resource-based view, which was sought in the titles, abstracts, and keywords. The selected articles were scientific articles published from 1997--2024. The data analysis used in this research was through a co-occurrence analysis applied to the citations of the scientific articles, authors, and countries. The results of this study revealed six clusters of research variables related to the RBV, e.g., cluster 1 (capability, competitiveness, company performance, and strategy), cluster 2 (competitive advantage, personal management skills, investment, project management, and resource management strategies), cluster 3 (entrepreneurship, human resources, innovation, and social capital), cluster 4 (industrial management, information management, information technology, resource allocation, and planning strategies), and clusters 5 and 6 (intangible resources, profitability, corporate sustainability, and institutions). In addition, the future research themes associated with the RBV include dynamic capabilities, financial resources, human capital, profitability, and competitive ability.

The impact of macroalgae on reef-building corals depends on their species, density, and contact status

Coral reefs are severely threatened by global and local disturbances that can shift reefs from coral to algal dominance. Coral-macroalgae competition is expected to exacerbate coral decline as the interactions increase in frequency. Whereas numerous studies over the last decade have aimed to characterize the interactions and impacts on coral growth and physiology, the underlying mechanisms remain controversial. This study tested the impact of different macroalgal species, densities, and contact status with corals on the physiological response of corals in Sanya Reefs. The results revealed that direct contact with increasing densities of fleshy macroalgae had a negative impact on the photosynthesis, growth rate, and tissue biomass of the two common corals. However, calcified macroalgae did not significantly affect the corals, regardless of whether there was direct contact or not. Under the same conditions, Acropora intermedia appeared to be more susceptible to fleshy macroalgae compared to Porites lutea. This suggested that different corals varied in their susceptibility to various macroalgae. Additionally, the results of the generalized linear mixed model revealed that macroalgal species and contact status with corals were the most important predictors of the impacts of macroalgae on corals, and macroalgal density was another nonnegligible parameter. Overall, macroalgae may have caused a potential functional shift in the composition of coral assemblages on the Sanya reefs by further reducing the already depauperate reef-building coral populations. The negative impacts of macroalgae in Sanya Reefs may serve as an early warning that the persistence of the invaluable ecological functions provided by coral reefs will be increasingly threatened throughout the South China Sea. Our findings could contribute to improving the scientific and effective management practices, fostering sustainable coral reef development in China and beyond.

A novel mutation in SoIAA20 confers cross-resistance to 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and other auxinic herbicides in Sonchus oleraceus.

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and other auxinic herbicides are important for weed control in cropping systems globally. Weeds with resistance to 2,4-D and other auxinic herbicides have evolved, including several populations of Sonchus oleraceus from multiple sites in Australia. We report the underlying mechanism in these populations that gives rise to auxinic herbicide resistance. We studied a total of three susceptible and eight resistant Sonchus oleraceus populations. All resistant populations had a deletion of three amino acids flanking the degron sequence of an Aux/IAA gene, SoIAA20, which was not found in the three susceptible populations. The eight populations with the resistant allele were also resistant to dicamba, fluroxypyr and clopyralid. The resistant plants also had reduced movement of 2,4-D out of the treated tissues compared to susceptible plants. The paired deletion flanking the degron region of SoIAA20 likely provides resistance to 2,4-D by restricting the movement of 2,4-D from the treated tissue to the rest of the plant. We hypothesise that this deletion keeps the 2,4-D bound to the target site. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

Digital transformation of the scientific and technical information management system in Chinese universities

Digital transformation of the scientific and technical information management system in Chinese universities

Fipronil-infused sodium polyacrylate gels provide effective management of Argentine ants in conservation areas.

Various types of hydrogel compounds have recently been developed for controlling invasive and pest ants in a range of environmental settings including agricultural, urban and natural areas. The current study evaluated the potential of sodium polyacrylate (ACR) hydrogels to effectively deliver liquid baits to Argentine ants. Relative to standard polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogels, individual ACR hydrogel particles were approximately five-fold heavier; this may affect how ants interact with the bait particles, and further influence bait uptake and efficacy. Additionally, ACR hydrogels had significantly higher water absorption capacity and significantly slower rate of water loss, especially during the first 2 h. The efficacy of ACR hydrogel bait containing 0.005% fipronil and various attractants was evaluated on laboratory colonies. Results demonstrated that ACR hydrogel acceptance is significantly increased by the addition of feeding attractants. In addition, a field trial was performed in a nature reserve invaded by Argentine ants to evaluate the efficacy of ACR hydrogel bait. The field trial demonstrated that ACR hydrogel bait containing 0.005% fipronil with various attractants is highly effective and that ant densities throughout the baited plots declined by >99% within 7 days. The results of this study demonstrate that: (i) fipronil is highly effective for Argentine ant control in natural areas when used in low concentrations (0.005%); (ii) ACR hydrogels are an effective tool for delivering liquid baits to Argentine ants; and (iii) hydrogel baits augmented with various attractants including salt, protein and pheromone are highly attractive to Argentine ants. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.