Management Performance Assessment Research Articles

Machine-Learning Methods Estimating Flights’ Hidden Parameters for the Prediction of KPIs

Complex microscopic simulation models of strategic Air Traffic Management (ATM) performance assessment and decision-making are hindered by several factors. One of the most important is the existence of hidden parameters—such as aircraft take-off weight (TOW) and the selected cost index (CI)—which, if known, would allow for more effective performance modeling methodologies for assessing Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) at various levels of abstraction/detail, e.g., system-wide, or at the level of individual flights. This research proposes a data-driven methodology for the estimation of flights’ hidden parameters combining mechanistic and advanced Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (AI/ML) models. Aiming at microsimulation models, our goal is to study the effect of these estimations on the prediction of flights’ KPIs. In so doing, we propose a novel methodology according to which data-driven methods are trained given optimal trajectories (produced by mechanistic models) corresponding to known hidden parameter values, with the aim of predicting hidden parameters’ values of unseen trajectories. The results show that estimations of hidden parameters support the accurate prediction of KPIs regarding the efficiency of flights: fuel consumption, gate-to-gate time and distance flown.

HabSim-HMS: A Systems Testbed to Investigate Situational Awareness for Extraterrestrial Habitation

Deep-space habitation presents unique challenges in operating complex control-based systems in distant and disruptive environments far from Earth. The capability to handle unforeseen situations and manage system health is crucial for resilient operations in deep space. Trusted health management strategies operational on the International Space Station (ISS) heavily rely on ground control support. These strategies must adapt to cope with sizable communication delays imposed by the infrastructure limitations or light distances that separate ground control and the habitat. Alternative approaches that increase reliance on artificial intelligence-based onboard autonomy are constrained by limited onboard computing and risks associated with human-system integration. There is an increased need to study the design and architecture of the health management system (HMS) of such complex systems to address autonomy challenges for deep-space habitation. This paper presents a model-based HMS testbed developed at the Resilient Extra-Terrestrial Habitats Institute that is part of the HabSim, a system-of-systems simulator of a smart habitat. The testbed is designed to facilitate performance assessment of critical health management functions essential to enable fault-management autonomy, situational awareness, and interface-based mission control. In this paper, the HMS testbed is motivated and placed within HabSim, the architecture of its components is detailed, and the testbed features are demonstrated through an illustrative example. The lessons learned in developing this testbed that may be useful for others seeking to solve similar problems are also discussed.

Evaluasi Peran Economic Value Added (EVA) Sebagai Penilaian Kinerja Manajemen Perusahaan dalam Era Bisnis Kontemporer

This study aims to initiate the role of Economic Value Added (EVA) as an assessment of corporate management performance in the contemporary business era. The approach method used in this study is a literature study to assess the effectiveness of Economic Value Added (EVA). In addition, this study also provides practical suggestions for the application of Economic Value Added (EVA) and aims to deepen the understanding of corporate management performance assessment. The findings in this study indicate that Economic Value Added (EVA) offers a comprehensive approach by considering cost capital, providing a more accurate picture of the increase in company value. However, the use of Economic Value Added (EVA) also requires strong analytical skills and access to complete data, and must be combined with other evaluation methods to provide a holistic understanding of company performance.

Refining Environmental Sustainability Governance Reports through Fuzzy Systems Evaluation and Scoring

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) reports have become essential tools for enterprises to showcase their commitment to sustainable development and social responsibility. However, discrepancies persist regarding the criteria, assessments, and ratings disclosed in these reports. Moreover, there is a need for more objective methods to determine the weight distribution of indicator items. This study introduces a novel approach utilizing semantic variables in fuzzy theory and a multiple logic fuzzy inference system to develop an ESG environmental management performance assessment model. Therefore, this paper aims to develop a novel approach utilizing semantic variables and a multiple logic fuzzy inference system to quantitatively evaluate the sustainable performance of an environmental management plan. This research also aims to ensure fair and objective assessment outcomes, providing valuable guidance for enterprises in implementing performance management strategies. Key aspects investigated include the impact of membership functions, the extended utilization of semantic variables and logical rules, a comparative analysis of traditional weight assessments, and the limitations of applying fuzzy theory. Through comprehensive discussions and calculations, it is evident that fuzzy theory offers considerable flexibility in application. By tailoring fuzzy rules and selecting appropriate membership functions, diverse application scenarios can be accommodated. The Fuzzy systems evaluation and scoring EMP model generates EMP evaluation scores ranging from 1.76 to 8.29 for Gaussian membership, 1.80 to 8.19 for Triangular membership-A, 1.92 to 8.00 for Triangular membership-B, and 1.81 to 8.19 for Quadrilateral trapezoidal membership, based on simulated rating scenarios using the semantic variables of completeness and feasibility. This approach successfully incorporates distribution logic from subjective membership degrees to evaluate EMP scores. The findings demonstrate that fuzzy theory enables the consideration of multiple factors and facilitates the provision of objective-level membership, underscoring its potential in addressing complex evaluation challenges. This study illuminates the versatility of the fuzzy system theory, with its applications poised to extend across various domains.

Assessment of Environmental Management Performance in Wineries: A Survey-Based Analysis to Create Key Performance Indicators

This study assesses the adoption and operational effectiveness of Environmental Management Systems (EMSs) in Italian wineries, focusing on ISO 14001:2015. It evaluates commitment, planning, communication strategies, emergency preparedness, and employee training practices. Using a comprehensive survey-based methodology, the research elucidates the dynamics of EMS implementation across various scales of winery operations. The research reveals a strong commitment among wineries to environmental objectives such as waste reduction and efficient electricity and water use. However, significant deficiencies were identified in EMS policy implementation, emergency preparedness, and the uptake of ISO 14001:2015 certification, with larger wineries showing more robust engagement in environmental training than smaller ones. The study incorporates five key performance indicators (KPIs) and a predictive model using logistic regression and Random Forest to analyze the likelihood of ISO 14001 certification based on the analyzed variables. The model highlights established processes, environmental policies, and frequent reviews as significant predictors of certification. These findings contribute original value by identifying critical leverage points and barriers affecting EMS effectiveness within the wine sector. The research uncovers nuanced interactions between the scale of operations and management engagement influencing EMSs’ success. It proposes novel, survey-based KPIs essential for assessing EMS performance in wineries, demonstrating their practical utility in pinpointing areas for improvement. The research limitations include potential biases from varying participation rates among surveyed wineries, affecting extrapolation to the broader Italian wine industry. Despite these limitations, the study provides substantive practical implications, suggesting that wineries can enhance both environmental sustainability and a competitive edge by addressing gaps in EMS implementation.

A review of extant literature and recent trends in residential construction waste reduction.

The residential construction sector in New Zealand and worldwide is experiencing increased criticism for generating substantial waste that poses environmental concerns. Accordingly, researchers have advocated implementing residential construction waste reduction (RCWR) strategies as a sustainable solution to managing construction waste (CW). This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of RCWR by analysing 87 articles from the Scopus database using bibliometric and critical review methods. The co-occurrence analysis of keywords revealed five clusters, in which five main themes emerged: (i) waste generation and management performance, (ii) prefabrication and life cycle assessment concepts, (iii) design concepts, (iv) circular economy and (v) decision-making concepts. The findings suggest that sustainable practices such as designing for waste reduction, prefabrication, waste quantification, three-dimensional printing and building information modelling can effectively achieve RCWR. The study also highlights the benefits of RCWR, including reducing environmental impacts, and identifies management, economic, legislative, technology and cultural barriers that affect the implementation of RCWR strategies. These results provide valuable insights to support future policy formulation and research direction for RCWR in New Zealand.

Assessment of health management performance in the oil spill disaster crime on the coast of the state of Pernambuco

RESUMO Este estudo objetivou analisar as ações desenvolvidas pela gestão de saúde no enfrentamento do desastre-crime de derramamento de petróleo na costa pernambucana em 2019. Trata-se de estudo de caso que investigou a atuação do setor saúde em quatro municípios de Pernambuco. A coleta de dados foi mediante entrevistas com 16 gestores de secretarias de saúde (municipal e estadual), utilizando roteiro semiestruturado com perguntas sobre atuação, impactos, ações desenvolvidas, dificuldades, desafios e lições aprendidas. A análise do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo evidenciou quatro eixos temáticos: a) percepção dos gestores sobre os impactos do desastre-crime; b) ações desenvolvidas no processo de gestão de risco do desastre-crime pelo setor saúde; c) dificuldades enfrentadas no processo de mitigação do desastre; d) avaliação das ações da gestão durante o desastre-crime e preparação futura. Identificaram-se fragilidades da gestão em saúde nas ações de mitigação do desastre, resultado da falta de preparo dos serviços e dos profissionais de saúde. A falta de instrumentos e a desarticulação entre os entes federados intensificaram as dificuldades, gerando situações de calamidade no território. Isso aponta para a necessidade de construção de instrumentos e protocolos que guiem tais ações nessas situações, para que as atividades sejam desenvolvidas com mais eficiência e eficácia.

Assessment of Facility Management Performance: A Basis for Digitalizing Reporting Systems in Educational Institutions

Facility management is essential for maintaining a safe and functional learning environment in educational institutions. At Holy Cross College in Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija, manual reporting practices for maintenance issues lead to delays, inefficiencies, and safety risks, highlighting the need for improvement. This study evaluates the maturity and performance of the institution’s facility management processes. It proposes a digital reporting system to enhance operational efficiency and safety. Employing the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) approach and an Input-Process-Output (IPO) framework, the research utilized a sequential exploratory design. Quantitative maturity assessments and Likert-scale surveys, supplemented by qualitative stakeholder insights, revealed a "Starting" maturity level characterized by reactive practices and misalignment with institutional goals. Strengths were noted in staff professionalism and training (Learning and Growth: 2.82), while weaknesses emerged in budget responsiveness (Financial Perspective: 2.58). Facility challenges, including inadequate space, outdated equipment, and inconsistent maintenance, significantly affect operations and user satisfaction. To address these, the study recommends adopting a digital reporting system to streamline issue management, improve accountability, and enhance responsiveness. Practical implications include infrastructure modernization, increased funding for maintenance, and establishing a General Services Office to align facility management with institutional growth objectives.

Human Resource Management Performance Assessment and Enhancement in Public Community Governance

Abstract Human resource management is a more important part of public sector internal management. Based on the principles of objectivity, comprehensiveness, and significance of indicator construction, this paper constructs a human resource management performance assessment model in public community governance. It introduces the entropy weight method and TOPSIS method to comprehensively and objectively calculate the degree of influence of each evaluation indicator on public human resource management performance. Meanwhile, taking the data of public community governance in County S as an example, the vertical and horizontal comparisons of public human resource management performance are carried out to explore the corresponding public human resource management performance improvement strategies. The results of the study show that in the public human resource management of County S city, the weight of the character factor indicator is the largest (0.3801), and that of the diligence element is the smallest (0.0936), indicating that the character factor has the greatest influence on the human resource management performance of public community governance in County S city. In order to improve performance, it is recommended to promote the optimization of the management system by combining the performance management experience, as well as to continuously innovate the human resource incentive methods through multiple research.

Research on the Construction of Intelligent Evaluation System of State-owned Asset Management Performance in Higher Vocational Colleges and Universities Based on Data-Driven Approach

Abstract State-owned assets are an important guarantee for the daily teaching and research activities of higher vocational colleges and universities and serve an important role in ensuring the long-term development of higher vocational colleges and universities while also serving as an important task for talent cultivation and discipline development. In this paper, the construction process of the state-owned assets management performance assessment system is studied in depth, and the state-owned assets management level of higher vocational colleges and universities is analyzed by combining the hierarchical analysis method with the comprehensive fuzzy evaluation method. By constructing the index system and judgment matrix, the weights of “asset security level”, “asset management capacity”, “asset operation efficiency” and “asset management effect” are determined. The weights of “asset security level”, “asset management capacity”, “asset operation efficiency” and “asset management effect” are 0.41, 0.19, 0.18 and 0.22, respectively, and the judgment matrix satisfies the consistency test. The constructed index system is used to assess the management of state-owned assets of a higher vocational college, and the quantitative results show that its fuzzy comprehensive evaluation score is 66.6, reflecting the good level of comprehensive management of the school. The scores of specific level 1 indicators show that the school performs well in “asset management capacity” (70.08 points) but in “asset protection level” (66.72 points), “operational efficiency” (63 points) and “asset management capacity” (63 points), the school’s overall management level is good. However, there is still much room for improvement in “asset security level” (66.72 points), “operational efficiency” (63 points) and “management effectiveness” (66.32 points).

The School Management and Teaching Performance in Selected University in China: Basis for Enhanced Professional Development Program

The study explored the school management and teaching performance of teachers in a specific educational setting. It involved 239 teachers from a Mechanical Electrical Polytechnic University in China. The result showed a weak negative correlation between teacher assessment of school management and teaching performance. Therefore, the correlation coefficient also showed that the relationship between assessment of school management and teaching performance is not the same, suggesting that as assessment increases, it may decrease. This research provides valuable insights into the education sector's challenges and opportunities.

Assessment of vaccine management performance in health facilities of Mwanza Region, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundEffective Vaccine Management (EVM) initiative provides the platform needed to monitor and assess the vaccine supply chain system to identify strengths and weaknesses of the system at all levels and enhance the development of continuous improvement plan to strengthen the system. This study was conducted to determine the vaccine management performance in Health Facilities of Mwanza Region, Tanzania.MethodsThis was a descriptive cross-sectional study that was carried out in 102 health facilities providing immunization services from eights districts of Mwanza Region in Tanzania. The World Health Organization (WHO) effective vaccine management assessment tools were used to collected data. Both quantitative and qualitative (through key informant interviews) approaches were used. The quantitative data were analysed using the existing WHO criteria for analysing effective vaccine management assessment data, while deductive thematic analysis was used for the qualitative data.ResultsThe finding shows that the overall score for vaccine management performance was 53% which is below the WHO acceptable minimum score of 80%. None of the health facilities had reached the benchmark but only 67% had an average performance (> = 50–< 80%). The highest health facility score was 76% and the lowest being 27%. Among the categories assessed, the highest score was on information technology with 72%, while the lowest was on standard operating procedures with a score of 43%. The major challenges which contributed to low performance were lack of training, low knowledge about vaccine management practices, unavailability of standard operating procedures (SOPs), and limited financial resources to support operations for vaccine management practices. Skills gap, incomplete stock records and management, as well as low availability of SOPs were the key challenges reported that affected vaccine management practices.ConclusionsEffective vaccine management performance was low across all districts under the study. Increasing personnel capacity and ensuring availability of resources to support operations were reported as key interventions in improving vaccine management practices. Hence, effectively working on continuous improvement plan with key highlighted actions is highly recommended to all actors from national level to sub-national level managers and healthcare workers as frontline vaccine handlers.

A study of entrepreneurial management performance assessment method based on multivariate statistical analysis

Abstract This paper uses multivariate statistical analysis to explore the ordinary least squares regression algorithm, principal component regression algorithm, and partial least squares regression algorithm. Then, an index system for entrepreneurial management performance assessment was constructed with public innovation space, resource collocation and entrepreneurial performance indicators, and an entrepreneurial management performance mediation model was established with this. Finally, the quartiles of entrepreneurial performance's principal components were derived by studying the relationship between entrepreneurial performance assessment and each input. The results show that the first principal component Z 1 of entrepreneurial performance is significant at all quartiles, while the second principal component Z 2 is significant only at the 0.6 quartiles, and the constant terms are significant at the 0.6, 0.7, and 0.8 quartiles. Multivariate statistical analysis is employed in this paper to provide a reference for entrepreneurship management and to assess entrepreneurial performance more accurately.

A framework for evaluating campus facility management performance in light of project critical success factors using a multidimensional fuzzy logic approach

PurposeThis paper aims to present the development of a holistic campus facility management (CFM) performance assessment framework that incorporates a fuzzy logic approach and integrates a comprehensive set of key factors for successful management of campus facilities. The devised framework aims to cater to the needs of campus facilities management firms and departments for the purpose of gauging and assessing their performance across different management domains. Through this approach, facility management organizations can detect potential areas of enhancement and adopt preemptive steps to evade issues, foster progress and ensure success.Design/methodology/approachAfter a comprehensive analysis of the literature, conducting in-depth interviews with industry experts and employing the Delphi technique in two rounds, a total of 45 indicators critical to CFM success were identified and subsequently sorted into seven distinct groups. Through an online questionnaire, 402 subject-matter experts proficiently assessed the significance of the critical success indicators and their groups. A fuzzy logic framework was developed to evaluate and quantify a firm's compliance with the critical success indicators and groups of indicators. The framework was subsequently weighted using computations of the relative importance index (RII) based on the responses received from the questionnaire participants. The initial section of the framework involved a comprehensive analysis of the firm's performance vis-à-vis the indicators, while the latter part sought to evaluate the impact of the indicators groups on the overall firm's performance.FindingsThe utilization of fuzzy logic has uncovered the significant effects each effective CFM key indicator on indicators groups, as well as the distinct effects of each CFM indicators group on the overall performance of CFM. The results reveal that financial management, communications management, sustainability and environment management and workforce management are the most impactful indicators groups on the CFM performance. This suggests that it is imperative for management to allocate increased attention to these specific areas.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the advancement of current knowledge by revealing vital indicators of effective CFM and utilizing them to construct a thorough fuzzy logic framework that can assist in evaluating the effectiveness of CFM firms worldwide. This has the potential to provide crucial assistance to facility management organizations, facility managers and policymakers in their quest for informed decision-making.

Measuring circularity potential for medical waste management – a dynamic circularity performance analysis

The global transition towards circular economy (CE) signifies a shift in industrial waste management objective from “expansion of recycling industry” to achieve “waste as resource”. The medical industry has attracted CE research attention the due to its significant waste generation and relatively slower progress towards CE, despite the substantial recycling potential identified by the WHO. Studies indicate that this can be attributed to the hazardous nature of medical waste and the prioritization of safety in waste treatment over potential economic and health co-benefits.Recognizing the limitations of current waste management performance evaluation framework, this research introduces the dynamic circularity performance index, and further introduces the two new indicators of “recycling circularity (Rc)” and “real circularity performance”, in conjunction with “recycling rate”, to enable industry-specific sustainability assessment of waste management performance.The case study on Taiwan medical waste management performance from 2014 to 2021 on the four identified medical waste categories confirms the limitations of assessing performance solely based on the quantity-based metric of “recycling rate”. For example, the significant decline in the recycling rate from 33.1% to only 12.2% between 2019 and 2020 might be interpreted as a drop in environmental performance. However, the increase in both overall recycling efficiency and total volume of waste recycled, as demonstrated by “circularity performance” and “real circularity performance” reveals a well-maintained resource recovery performance in coping with the stunning 327% increase in total waste generation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Similarly, while the “recyclable waste’ category exhibits a significant increasing in the recycling rate over the assessment period, the “Rc” results highlight a degradation in recycling efficiency.The synergistic effect of the newly introduced indicators unveils several unique phenomena affecting the CE transition of the medical industry. These includes regulatory control, the single-use mindset, hazardous nature of the waste, the classification of waste, policy incentives and recycling capacity.Further improvement can be made to expand the coverage to all life cycle stages and refine the method for determining the relative circularity of treatment performance. Such advancements can attribute to enhance waste management performance assessment and the development of effective CE transition strategies and policies.

Retracted: Construction of the Public Management Performance Assessment Algorithm Using Fuzzy Clustering.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/1272099.].

Knowledge Management as a Tool for Improving Work Performance in Selected Law Firms in Nairobi County, Kenya: An Assessment

Knowledge management is recognized as an important tool for sustaining competitive merit and improving performance of work. It is a means through which law firms can clout their knowledge base and intensify work performance. The assessment of knowledge management performance has become increasingly invaluable since it provides the indicator for guiding organizations to improve their work execution and competitiveness. Many law firms have no documented and planned approach to tap the organization’s knowledge and make it accessible to the staff for enhancement of service delivery. &#x0D; The study was informed by the learning organization theory. The research design for this study was a descriptive and positivism case study that was analysed largely through quantitative methods with a small qualitative component. Purposive sampling design was employed to select 222 law firms, qualitative data was collected using focus group discussions from 12 key informants supported by document review. The results revealed that most of the respondents 86.5% were aware of knowledge management whereas 64.9% indicated that knowledge management contributed to their law firm’s legal practice. From the inferential statistics analysis, there was a significant relationship and influence across different attributes examined that knowledge management is a tool for improving work performance which is, p&lt;0.05. This was also reflected in focus group discussion results.&#x0D; Awareness of knowledge management and contribution of knowledge management to legal practise were significant tools for improving work performance. The study recommended awareness forums for knowledge management.

Watershed Management Performance Assessment Based on Land Condition Indicators (Laeya Watershed Case, Southeast Sulawesi Province

Laeya Watershed is one of the three Priority Watersheds in Southeast Sulawesi. Therefore, monitoring and evaluating watershed performance is very important to ensure that watershed management is sustainable. This study aims to assess the performance of watershed management based on indicators of land conditions in the Laeya Watershed, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The method used is a survey with a scoring technique using the parameters index of the percentage of critical land, vegetation cover, and erosion index to determine the carrying capacity of the watershed. The results showed that the carrying capacity of the Laeya Watershed was classified as very good with a score of 35 (&lt;70), with each sub-criterion of critical land classified as very low with a score of 0.5, sub-criteria for vegetation cover classified as good with a score of 0.75 and sub-criteria the erosion index criteria are classified as very high with a score of 0.75. It can be concluded that the management performance of the Laeya watershed is very good.

Leadership, management and organisational implications for public service employee well-being and performance

Orientation: With the significant changes in the organisational context and the nature of work, greater focus on employee well-being is central to the quality of work life (QWL) and effective organisations.Research purpose: This article examines the complex and dynamic interplay between the multidimensional affective, behavioural, relational and socio-cultural dimensions in mediating employee well-being and organisational performance in a transforming South African provincial government.Motivation for the study: Theoretical models and public reforms have focused on the formal, transactional and technical aspects in understanding organisational performance and employee well-being, with less attention given to the behavioural, socio-cultural and interpersonal dimensions.Research approach/design and method: This qualitative study in two provincial government departments with 43 public servants (rank levels 6–15) applied the integral theory-based, four-quadrant model. The Dynamic Inquiry (DI) interview method and inductive thematic analytical processes were used. The Management Performance Assessment Tool (MPAT) assessment reports of the two departments were analysed.Main findings: The four dominant themes that emerged from this study – social exclusion, leadership behaviours, public service orientation and governance – display complex patterns and relationships related to well-being and performance. Among these are the negative effects of power and bureaucratic cultures; hierarchical, command and control governance systems and dissonant leadership behaviours.Practical/managerial implications: The results have public policy and practice implications for public governance, management and leadership development, organisational design and culture, and performance management.Contribution/value-add: By applying an integrated research approach, multiple determinants of well-being and their intermediation were elucidated. The findings offer epistemological and methodological implications for human resource management (HRM) scholarship.

METHODS AND INDICATORS OF ASSESSING MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE IN THE ORGANIZATION

At the current stage of society's development, during the greatest scientific-technical and socio-economic period. To be a successful organization for a long time, to survive and achieve its goal, the organization must be both efficient and effective. Performance management combines methodologies, indicators, processes, software, and systems for managing the organization's activities. The essence of performance management is to make the right decisions, the correctness of which will be confirmed and ultimately measured by the results of actions. Performance management increases the predictability of outcomes, clarifies the connections between strategic, operational, and financial goals, and makes them clear to managers and groups of employees, which allows them to act instead of waiting for instructions from superiors. Performance management allows quantifying the effectiveness of cost planning using key performance indicators derived from strategic maps and balanced scorecards. Knowing these strategic goals and their relative importance, managers and employee teams select appropriate tools from the entire performance management suite. It has been established that several different types of organizational results can be viewed and compared. It is emphasized that the assessment of management performance is a complex task and a necessary preliminary stage of improving the management system. Therefore there are many criteria for such an assessment that consider various factors affecting performance and allow a comprehensive evaluation of the company's implemented strategy. Effectiveness is not only a question of what is done but also how. Excellent results are made possible by appropriate behavior, especially voluntary behavior, and the effective application of the necessary knowledge, skills, and competencies. Performance management allows us to understand precisely how results are achieved, as it allows us to understand what activities are needed for the organization's further growth. Managers must be ready, willing, and able to identify and address improvement needs as soon as they arise. It is necessary to strive for the maximum possible integration of knowledge and professional practice. This means encouraging managers in every possible way to learn from successful examples, difficulties, and problems. Keywords: productivity, assessment, management, organization, indicators.