Joint Management Research Articles

Barriers and enablers to engagement in exercise and physical activity in non-English speaking South Asian people with chronic musculoskeletal disease

BackgroundExercise and physical activity (EPA) are recommended for people with chronic musculoskeletal disease; however, lower levels of engagement with EPA has been consistently reported in people from the South Asian community across a range of diseases. As language can pose a significant barrier in healthcare, this study aimed to understand the enablers and barriers to the acceptance of EPA among non-English speaking South Asian people who attended rheumatology clinics.Methods12 non-English speaking individuals from the South Asian community who had chronic musculoskeletal disease with significant pain scores were interviewed via telephone or face-to-face in their spoken languages. The audio recordings of the interviews were translated into English and transcribed verbatim. Data was analysed using thematic analysis implemented in the NVivo 12 Pro software program.ResultsThe mean age was 52 years (9 women and 2 men). One main theme was identified: ‘Enablers and barriers to exercise and physical activity’. Enablers to EPA were having knowledge about the benefits of EPA, being given resources in a language that they understood, and supportive environments such as having access to community facilities for those who could not undertake EPA in their houses. Barriers included physical health such as pain and fatigue, lack of time, difficulties with transportation to exercise venues, dislike of group exercises and lack of understanding of what and how to do exercise and be physically active. Participants’ beliefs about EPA and whether they impacted their physical health seemed to influence whether they were undertaken or not. There was a perception that their culture shaped their compatriots’ beliefs about EPA, and it was not normal practice for people from their country of birth to engage in it.ConclusionsThis is the first qualitative study to explore the barriers and enablers to engagement in EPA in non-English speaking South Asian people with chronic musculoskeletal disease. Modifiable factors such as addressing the level of knowledge on the benefits of EPA in the management of chronic joint and muscle pain; aiding the development of the skills required to exercise safely and confidently despite chronic pain and providing information and services in the native language could promote the EPA engagement of non-English speaking South Asian individuals with chronic musculoskeletal disease. The findings may inform improvements within clinical services to promote the benefits, impact and self-efficacy of engagement with EPA as part of chronic musculoskeletal disease management.Ethics approvalThe West Midlands-Edgbaston Research Ethics Committee (reference:20/WM/0305).

The collaborative framework for the management of tuberculosis and type 2 diabetes syndemic in low- and middle-income countries: a rapid review

IntroductionGiven the absence of international guidelines on the joint management and control of tuberculosis (TB) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union) launched in 2011 a policy framework to address the growing syndemic burden of TB-T2D. This review aimed at mapping the available evidence on the implementation of the Union-WHO Framework, explicitly, or bi-directional TB-T2D health programs as an initiative for co-management in patients in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC).MethodsA rapid review was performed based on a systematic search in PubMed and Web of Science electronic databases for peer-reviewed articles on The Union-WHO Framework and bi-directional interventions of TB and T2D in LMIC. The search was restricted to English language articles and from 01/08/2011 to 20/05/2022.ResultsA total of 24 articles from 16 LMIC met the inclusion criteria. Four described the implementation of The Union-WHO Framework and 20 on the bi-directional interventions of TB and T2D. Bi-directional activities were found valuable, feasible and effective following the Union-WHO recommendations. Limited knowledge and awareness on TB-T2D comorbidity was identified as one of the barriers to ensure a functional and effective integration of services.ConclusionsThis review revealed that it is valuable, feasible and effective to implement bi-directional TB and T2D activities (screening and management) according to the Union-WHO Framework recommendations, especially in countries that face TB-T2D syndemic. Additionally, it was apparent that gaps still exist in research aimed at providing evidence of costs to implement collaborative activities. There is need for TB and T2D services integration that should be done through the well-stablished TB programme. This integration of two vertical programmes, could ensure patient-centeredness, continuum of care and ultimately contribute for health systems strengthening.

A seat at the table? Planning, meetings and the ‘stable relation’ of a joint managed National Park in northern Australia

Over the last fifteen years, most national parks in Cape York Peninsula, far north-east Australia, have been transferred to Aboriginal ownership and are now jointly managed by the Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service and the relevant Aboriginal traditional owner groups. The park in which this research was conducted has been jointly managed for just over a decade, but the transition to joint management is entwined with challenges related to the bringing together of different knowledge and management systems. The main forum for discussing and implementing change is in the mutual space of formal joint management meetings. However, this mutual space is not co-produced on equal terms. Joint management meetings and the production of management plans function as a way for Queensland Parks to fulfil their obligations to Aboriginal traditional owners while simultaneously reaffirming their status as the more powerful co-managing institution. Rather than fostering a space of indeterminacy, in which management partners could co-create new forms of managing and caring for land, meetings and management plans function to construct a ‘stable relation’ between Aboriginal traditional owners and Queensland Parks.

Особливості перебігу вагітності та пологів у жінок із запальними захворюваннями кишечника

The problem of pregnancy management in women with inflammatory bowel diseases is becoming more urgent, due to the prevalence of such pathologies as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in the age group of women 20-40 years old, during which reproductive function is mainly being realized. Purpose - to investigate the course of pregnancy and labour in women whose pregnancy occurred on the background of the existing Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Materials and methods. The main group (the Group I) included women with chronic inflammatory bowel diseases - Crohn’s disease (the Group I-A; n=27) and ulcerative colitis (the Group I-B; n=52); the control group (n=20) consisted of women without severe somatic pathology. Retrospective clinical and statistical analysis was performed using data from medical documentation. Obtained results were statistically processed in specialized programs. Results. A statistically higher frequency of pregnancy complications was found in women with inflammatory bowel diseases, such as anemia (59.3% in the Group I-A and 69.2% in the Group I-B versus 30% in the control group); threatening abortion (40.7% in the Group I-A and 53.8% in the Group I-B against 15% in the control group); hyperemesis gravidarum (44.4% in the Group I-A and 67.3% in the Group I-B against 25% in the control group); preeclampsia (37% in the Group I-A and 44.2% in the Group I-B against 10% in the control group); premature rupture of fetal membranes (37% in the Group I-A and 21.1% in the Group I-B against 10% in the control group). At the same time, women of the main group had an earlier development of spontaneous labor and a slightly smaller mass of newborns. Conclusions. Received results indicate presence of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis influence on the course of pregnancy in women, which requires joint management of such women with gastroenterologists. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.

Agile FPGA Computing at the 5G Edge: Joint Management of Accelerated and Software Functions for Open Radio Access Technologies

This paper presents ReproRun, a flexible and extensible run-time framework for the reconfiguration of functions in field programmable gate array (FPGA) devices used in popular software-defined radio (SDR) platforms. The FPGA devices embed a hardwired or soft processing system (PS) which communicates with the programmable logic (PL) using a standard embedded bus interface. In order to apply a seamless run-time partial reconfiguration, we made use of all the related building blocks, design guidelines, and tools offered by AMD-Xilinx. In ReproRun, each partial bitstream targeting a reconfigurable region (RR) of the PL area comes with its respective firmware (i.e., software functions) that runs on the PS side. Our work guarantees run-time updates of the firmware without interrupting the functionality of other software processes running in the PS or PL, by employing a specialized controller, denoted as Run-timE firmWare reconfIguration contRollEr (REWIRE). The latter leverages the open asymmetric multiprocessing framework (OpenAMP). The partial bitstreams and respective firmware are fetched from a remote location using the trivial file transfer protocol (TFTP). ReproRun can be applied in different FPGA accelerators residing in disaggregated open radio access network (RAN) equipment, adaptive radio access technologies, and Edge servers hosting virtualized functions.

Integrated physical and mental management for China's elderly: insights from Long-gang District, Shenzhen.

China is in a period of rapid population aging. The total population of the elderly aged 60 and above in mainland China was 264 million in 2020, and is the country with the largest elderly population in the world, which is home to 1/5 of the world's older people. The urgency of actively coping with the aging population has never been greater, and China has raised it to the height of national strategy. To this end, China has issued several plans and projects on aging work. Many of them include multiple overlapping components. The management of physical illness and mental illness in the elderly is over-differentiated and segmented. However, it is common for older adults with complex health problems. The body and mind are inherently integrated and interact with each other, and should not be separated. There is an urgent need for integrated healthcare services for the physical and mental health of the elderly population. The national basic public health services play an important role in early detection and awareness of health problems for the elderly in community health services. This paper introduces the elderly health management services, one of the national basic public health projects, and the psychological care project for the elderly in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China. Taking Long-gang District's exploration of the joint management of physical and mental health of the elderly as an example, this review discusses the difficulties of the elderly health work, and the feasibility of integrating the elderly mental health and physical health in medical care. We outlook to build an integrated platform for physical and mental health of the elderly in China. Focus on the needs of older population, strengthen community health services, build a integrative team, fully publicize and improve health literacy of the elderly, link up and down and work together, improve coordination between providers of medical care and social services. It is of great significance to construct a strong public health system for the elderly and promote the realization of the grand goal of Healthy China.

Is Joint Management between Conservationists and Farmers Sustainable and Biodiversity-friendly? A Ten-year Study in Residual Grasslands of a Protected Area.

In recent decades, there has been a discernible reduction in temperate and Mediterranean grasslands with consequences on the decline of biodiversity and landscape heterogeneity. When this decline is due to agricultural abandonment, a renewed joint management, combining bush clearing by conservationists and grazing by farmers, should favor the maintenance of grasslands, their protected habitats and species and forage production. Rainfall irregularity explains part of the variation of these parameters. To verify these hypotheses, we conduct a comprehensive, multi-scale, multi-taxa study over a ten-year period in a Mediterranean protected area. At the regional scale, experimental plots in which this joint management was implemented are representative of residual managed grasslands of the protected area. At the mesoscale, rainfall irregularity is the main factor explaining inter-annual differences in the biomass of open landscapes, while fauna depends on management, tree cover and trophic resources. At the local scale, in a representative experimental plot, clearing had an immediate negative impact on plant richness and bird and positive on forage. Over a decade, plant biodiversity increased while forage, specialist plants and bird maintained, despite the regrowth of bush. Drought had a negative impact on richness, plant and forage abundance and phenological asynchrony on butterflies. In conclusion, joint management has positive, neutral and negative impacts to be considered before implementing this strategy. This long-term monitoring study draws important lessons for designing a sustainable management of grasslands under abandonment and irregular climate, that should be applied in temperate and Mediterranean regions that are increasingly vulnerable to these trends.

Suture-Based Distal Radioulnar Joint Stabilization: A Biomechanical Evaluation in a Cadaveric Model

Abstract Purpose Management of acute distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability is complex and controversial. Common treatment options include prolonged immobilization, stabilization with wires, and acute triangular fibrocartilage complex repair. However, none of these permits an early range of motion. The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of a suture-based stabilization (SBS) technique for acute DRUJ instability to permit early active motion. Methods A biomechanical study utilizing eight cadaveric arms was performed. All specimens were tested in the intact state prior to the creation of bidirectional DRUJ instability. For the SBS group, 2-mm suture tapes with suture button fixation were utilized to recreate the respective contributions of distal oblique bundle and volar and dorsal radioulnar ligaments to DRUJ stability. All specimens were cyclically loaded with a simulated ballottement stress of 20N in forearm positions of neutral, 60 degrees of pronation and 60 degrees of supination. Range of motion and total translation were measured and then compared between the two groups. Results The average range of motion in the intact and SBS specimens was 174 and 175 degrees, respectively. There were no significant differences in displacement between the intact and SBS group in neutral and in supination. However, the SBS group had less translation than the intact group in pronation. Conclusions For acute DRUJ instability, the described SBS technique provides similar stability to the native intact DRUJ without compromising the range of motion in a cadaveric model. Future comparative studies are warranted prior to translation into the clinical arena. Clinical Relevance This is a biomechanical study investigating a treatment technique for acute DRUJ instability that would allow an early range of motion.

Current thinking in open temporomandibular joint surgery. Is this still indicated in the management of articular temporomandibular joint disorder?

Management of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) follows a stepwise approach of conservative management, minimally invasive surgery (arthrocentesis and arthroscopy), open surgery and alloplastic replacement. The majority of patients treated in primary care and managed initially in secondary care have myofascial pain and can be managed conservatively with rest, topical NSAIDs, muscle massage, and a bite orthosis. Those who fail to improve and have articular related pain with limitation of function should initially undergo arthroscopic investigation and arthrocentesis, which is effective at resolving symptoms in 80% of patients. Arthroscopy provides the best diagnostic aid should there be a failure to improve and should enable the surgeon to appropriately plan open surgery. Historically, surgical intervention was based on a ‘one size fits all’ philosophy with the surgeon carrying out a procedure which they are used to doing regardless of the pathology. Prior to arthroscopy this carried an ‘80% chance of getting 80% better’ regardless of approach. Prior arthroscopy reduced success rates to 50%-60% and a better success rate is needed. Basing surgical intervention on the pathology encountered is a sensible approach to joint management, with the surgeon performing surgery on the articular surfaces or disc as indicated. Having used this approach over the last 15 years the author has achieved success rates of 80% in the longer term and this philosophy, rationale, and technique will be discussed along with analysis of more recent publications in the field.

Allergic Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review

Introduction: Kounis Syndrome was first described in 1991 by Kounis and Zavras as “the concurrence of chest pain during an allergic reaction, accompanied by clinical laboratory findings of classical angina pectoris caused by inflammatory mediators released during the allergic insult” [1].
 The mechanism of Kounis Syndrome most likely involves the release of cytokines through mast-cell degranulation, which leads to coronary vasospasm and atheromatous plaque erosion or rupture following the allergic reaction to an allergen.[2]
 The treatment is specific to acute coronary syndrome and anaphylaxis, with the added complication that the drugs used, while indicated in each of the two disorders separately, may present contradictions when administered jointly in one patient.[3]
 The purpose of this review is to briefly revise the existing literature regarding its overlooked diagnosis and contradictory joint management of anaphylaxis and acute coronary syndrome.
 We will conduct a brief review of the current literature on Kounis Syndrome while describing a suspected case of a female patient presented with both anaphylaxis symptoms and angina pectoris.
 Conclusions: Kounis syndrome is defined as the co-incidental occurrence of an acute coronary syndrome with hypersensitivity reactions following an allergic reaction. Treatment of allergic reactions may be sufficient in type I KS. In contrast, coronary intervention is needed in the other two types, accompanied by vasodilator drugs, including nitrates and calcium antagonists, each of which may have contradictory effects.

The benefits of performing temporomandibular joint arthrocentesis with catheters and a vacuum pump: A randomized control trial

This study aims to compare the effectiveness of two different techniques of double puncture arthrocentesis with and without the addition of catheters and a vacuum pump for management of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc displacement without reduction (DDWOR). A total of 48 patients with DDWOR were randomly and blindly allocated into two treatment groups (N = 24): Group 1, TMJ arthrocentesis with the addition of catheters and a vacuum pump to the second needle; Group 2, TMJ arthrocentesis without any addition device. The following variables were registered and compared between groups: patient's pain perception (visual analogue scale [VAS; 0–10]); maximal interincisal distance [MID; mm]; joint effusion (JE, presence or absence); facial edema (FE; presence or absence); and the operation duration (OP; minutes). Patients in Group 1 presented with significantly lower VAS scores (p < 0.001) and presence of FE (p = 0.03) in the post-operative period, also an increase in MID values (p = 0.026), and a reduction in JE (p = 0.022) after 3 months. Besides that, in this group, the procedure was performed significantly faster (p < 0.001). Performing arthrocentesis with the addition of a vacuum pump makes the procedure faster and yields better results in terms of pain, facial swelling, mouth opening and joint effusion.

Joint Management and Optimization of Residential Natural Gas and Electricity Distribution Networks Coupled via Fuel Cells

Joint Management and Optimization of Residential Natural Gas and Electricity Distribution Networks Coupled via Fuel Cells

ТЕХНОЛОГІЯ, ПЕРЕВАГИ ТА РИЗИКИ ВІРТУАЛЬНОГО ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

The need to increase the level of customer satisfaction, the improvement of permanent relations with consumers and the development of modern markets under the conditions of globalization lead to the creation of such an organizational form as a virtual enterprise. The relevance of this problem comes from the constant growth of global networks, digital and information technologies, which stimulates the development of a new type of economic relations, which leads to an inevitable change in traditional concepts of doing business. The reason for the appearance of the concept of a virtual enterprise is definitely the rapid spread of modern Internet technologies, within which new opportunities for communication and cooperation of autonomous and geographically distant enterprises are implemented. The emergence of new information technologies opens up new opportunities for business organization. At the current stage, it is not the restructuring of the production cycle or the reworking of the business process, but technologies using the Internet that form the information infrastructure of support for virtual enterprises. It should provide communication and integration, joint management, including modeling of the interaction of participants and support of work execution. In the modern economy, one of the key factors of the competitiveness of enterprises are: timely response to market changes, speed of production and delivery of goods, adaptive and rational methods of conducting business, effectiveness of the enterprise's marketing strategy. The article describes the virtual enterprise technology, which implements a qualitatively new integration of business process management. The basic aspects of the functioning of virtual enterprises, as well as information technologies, without which this functioning is impossible, are considered. An analysis of key factors that are critical for the existence of a virtual enterprise is carried out, the main requirements for workflow systems to support inter-organizational processes are considered. The ability to quickly respond to market changes at critically low costs from the point of view of traditional business and the ability to make a virtual business profitable with smaller capital investments, in shorter terms and with significantly less financial risk are considered. Possible organizational structures of a virtual enterprise are presented. Advantages and risks of doing business on the basis of a virtual enterprise are provided.

НАСЛЕДСТВО ИВАНА ЕВДОКИМОВИЧА ДЕМИДОВА: УФИМСКАЯ УСАДЬБА И КАГИНСКИЕ ЗАВОДЫ

Based on the records of mining and civil institutions of the central and regional levels, the article traces dramatic history associated with the inheritance of the owner of the Kaginsky factories in the Urals, Ivan Evdokimovich Demidov (?–1823). He belonged to a famous entrepreneurial family’s junior branch, descending from Nikita Nikitich Demidov, and differed from other representatives of the family in that he lived not in the capital, but near his factories in provincial Ufa. An inventory of the property of the city estate, compiled after the death of the childless owner, gives an idea of the daily life of the factory owner and his wife, testifies to their condition, activities and hobbies. City property seized for debts and Demidov’s factories taken into custody became the object of claims of his numerous heirs — brothers, their children and even grandchildren. Part of the movable property of the city estate was sold at an auction in Ufa; the rest, apparently, was stored in the Demidov house that remained unsold and empty for many years. The fate of the factory part of the inheritance also turned out to be unenviable. Unable to agree on joint management, several heirs in 1830 sold their shares of ownership to A. I. Pashkov. However, this deal was soon declared illegal; instead of the owner’s, a state administration was established, which lasted until 1855, when the Kaginsky factories were also sold at public auction.

Empowering non-governmental organization representatives: Enhancing collaborative and participatory governance through training initiatives

This research article explores the impact of training programs on non-governmental organization (NGO) representatives, aiming to foster collaborative and participatory governance within the non-governmental sector. NGOs increasingly influence decision-making and the implementation of social programs through training programs designed for NGO workers, contributing to the creation of a sustainable and active civil society. Encouraging partners to actively share their knowledge and expertise is key to maintaining integration, trust, and equality in decision-making. This approach ensures greater integration, trust, and equality in decision-making. Ultimately, joint management and planning will only improve over time (Calò et al., 2024). The study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining a survey conducted among 225 NGOs with secondary data analysis of education programs designed specifically for NGOs. The findings highlight the crucial role of training initiatives in equipping NGO representatives with the necessary skills, knowledge, and mindset to effectively engage in collaborative decision-making processes and promote inclusive governance practices. Through the analysis of survey responses and examination of education program outcomes, key factors contributing to successful capacity-building efforts are identified, including tailored training content, interactive learning methodologies, and ongoing support mechanisms. The research provides insights into the significance of investing in training programs for NGO representatives and offers practical recommendations for designing effective training initiatives that can enable the development of collaborative and participatory governance within the NGO sector.

Transboundary waters and their impact on the socio–economic development of the border areas of the Batken region of Kyrgyzstan with Uzbekistan (using the example of the Kadamzhai district)

The study examines the border rivers, which is one of the main features and prerequisites for the integration of the efforts of the Central Asian countries as the basis for the ecologically balanced use of water and land resources in the region. For the countries of the region, the problem of water use in the basins of transboundary rivers has much in common, however, there are differences due to the climatic, economic, economic, and political conditions of each country. Environmental security and the economy of the Central Asian countries are closely linked to the nature of the use of water resources and coordinated actions for the joint management of transboundary rivers. A noticeable decrease in their water resource potential as a result of the increasing struggle for water, pollution of water sources are considered as serious obstacles to the sustainable development of the region.

Joint Management of Shared Resources, Issues and Conflicts of the Nso and Oku Tribes in the Ngongbaa Montane Forest Area, NWR of Cameroon

Joint Management of Shared Resources, Issues and Conflicts of the Nso and Oku Tribes in the Ngongbaa Montane Forest Area, NWR of Cameroon

The Communication Convergence of Journalism and Public Releases

Introduction. The article examines the essential characteristics of the journalism and PR convergence, the main reasons for this process, the key aspects of the specified mass communication types of interaction, the principles of media relations, the probable scenarios of the integration development of the journalism and PR and its consequences for both spheres are clarified. Relevance of the study. The study of various aspects of the interaction of media and public relations is extremely relevant, since in the modern media landscape these communicative practices increasingly influence each other. Understanding the consequences of their convergence helps to define new creative approaches to communication strategies, to adapt them to modern realities. The purpose of the article is to determine the convergent processes features, that have recently been taking place in the journalism and public relations field. Methodology. The research was carried out using the analysis of scientific sources, an analytical method, a systematic approach when considering the dynamics and relationship at different levels between journalism and public relations, a comparative method for identifying their common and distinctive features, monitoring the media space, which allows to find out the impact of certain PR strategies and tools for journalistic practices, method of theoretical generalization. The results. The main principles of media relations are indicated: the principle of trust, the reliability of information, bilateral observance of interests, consideration of development trends, communication style and ethical standards. The main convergent processes of journalism and public relations include: the use of similar tools and methods to achieve goals, the joint content creation that satisfies the needs of both parties, the joint management of information flows, the combination of journalistic approaches to the materials creation with PR strategies for attracting attention, the formation of the general professional responsibility sphere, conducting joint information campaigns and other events, creating a new media text format that combines the journalistic and PR text features, using the Internet as a channel, means and medium of communication. Conclusions. The novelty of the research consists in obtaining a clearer idea of the various mass communication types of hybridization in the digitalization of society conditions. As a result of convergent processes, journalism and public relations are becoming increasingly interdependent, which opens new opportunities for creating and disseminating information. This interaction leads to the transformation of both spheres, promotes their development, and increases the effectiveness of influencing the audience.

Использование внешней системы компьютерного зрения для управления группой мобильных роботов

The paper considers a centralized approach to the joint management of a group of robots using an external computer vision system. Developed algorithms and path planning software was experimentally tested on simulated work sites in the V-REP robotic modeling software environment for a group of three mobile robots, the control was performed in the Jupyter-notebook program using the OpenCV library.

Taking a deeper look at the priority of agricultural industry efficiency through the use of data envelopment approach

The research aims to analyze the technical efficiency of the chocolate industry, which has outstanding performance in producing chocolate products in East Java, Indonesia. The research sample includes all small and large-scale chocolate industries in East Java, with 42 Decision Making Units (DMUs). Efficiency research uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which is usually used in agricultural production research. However, in this research, DEA was used to analyze the efficiency of the chocolate industry making this concept as an empirical novelty. The analysis results show that there are industries operating at the Constant Returns to Scale (CRS) level (0.971), with a percentage of 66.67%, consisting of 28 DMUs, and the Variable Returns to Scale (VRS) level (0.992), with a percentage of 85.71%, which is represented by 36 DMUs. The Technical Efficiency (TE) is categorized as full technical efficiency at 85.72%, with a high category at 14.28%, and no DMUs fall under the moderate and low categories. This indicates that the allocation of inputs in each DMU is significantly different. Six DMUs require improvement in the distribution of industrial capital and raw materials input to achieve full efficiency category by making decisions based on the DMU's recommendations as a reference (benchmarks). This article concludes that industrial efficiency is a priority for the establishment of a business to achieve its goals easily. When the industry can control the quality and quantity of its products, it can be highly beneficial. The policy implications required for this case research to maintain and improve the efficiency of the chocolate industry in East Java, Indonesia, are for industries to prioritize joint management, increase the scale of operations, increase production frequency, expand innovative chocolate processing technology, prioritize product quality, and be able to penetrate export markets.