Conservation Area Management Research Articles

IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN KERJA SAMA KEMITRAAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN EFEKTIVITAS PENGELOLAAN KAWASAN KONSERVASI PADA BALAI KONSERVASI SUMBER DAYA ALAM KALIMANTAN SELATAN (STUDI KASUS DI CAGAR ALAM TELUK KELUMPANG, SELAT LAUT, SELAT SEBUKU

The collaborative and synergistic management of Teluk Kelumpang, Selat Laut, and Selat Sebuku Nature Reserve is carried out based on the mutual understanding and agreement of the stakeholders, in accordance with the prevailing laws and regulations and manifested in joint activities according to the principles of professionalism and accountability. This study aimed to assess the quality of the joint regulations, to assess the roles of the stakeholders in carrying out the collaborative efforts, to assess the collaborative process, and to assess the effectiveness of the management in Teluk Kelumpang, Selat Laut and Selat Sebuku Nature Reserve.This qualitative research used a descriptive method. It was done in Teluk Kelumpang, Selat Laut and Selat Sebuku Nature Reserve and Natural Resource Conservation Agency of South Kalimantan. The results revealed: first, the good quality of the joint regulation as indicated by the absence of conflict; the consistency; the accountability and promptness of the regulation. Second, the significance of the stakeholders role in the collaborative efforts in Teluk Kelumpang, Selat Laut, and Selat Sebuku Nature Reserve. The first and second players are the primary actors. Third, the collaboration in Teluk Kelumpang, Selat Laut, and Selat Sebuku Nature Reserve, is carried out based on the joint regulation. Fourth, the attainment of the threshold of the protected area management effectiveness is affected by the threats and weaknesses in areas. The issuance of joint regulation potentially diminishes the threats and weaknesses in area management, and eventually enhances the value of protected area management effectiveness. Based on these results, it is recommended: to issue regulation on the technical guidelines for the management of nature reserve and nature conservation areas and also to standardize the template for the documentation of collaborative management as the guideline/reference.

Lunar cycle and reproductive activity of Redbelly yellowtail fusilier, Caesio cuning in Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia

Abstract. Ayodya FP, Wijayanti DP, Sabdono A. 2021. Lunar cycle and reproductive activity of Redbelly yellowtail fusilier, Caesio cuning in Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3075-3082. Redbelly yellowtail fusilier (Caesio cuning) is known as fish that has been widely distributed among Southeast Asian countries. Fishers in Indonesia especially target the species, causing the scarcity and depletion of the catch in many fisheries areas each year. One of the priority aspects in improving fisheries management in conservation areas is information regarding reproductive activities. Many reports suggested that the lunar cycle affects the reproductive activity of fishes. However, none of the studies reported on the effect of lunar cycle on the reproductive activity of C. cuning. This study aimed to explain the lunar cycle effect on the reproductive activity of C. cuning through gonadosomatic index (GSI), viscerosomatix index (VSI), and the observation of oocyte conditions. There were 374 individual fishes collected from Nyamuk Island, Karimunjawa from September to November 2020. Samples were taken in each phase and between major phase of the moon (new, first quarter, full, last quarter) during two lunar cycles. The results point out mature gonad (stage IV and V) was present around the new moon. The peak of female GSI occurred around the last quarter moon with figures 6.12 and 5.51% respectively. The condition of the mature oocyte and ovulation were present around the last quarter and the new moon. The condition indicates imminent spawning.

Diversity of Useful Mexican Legumes: Analyses of Herbarium Specimen Records

Herbarium specimens of wild Mexican Leguminosae with ethnobotanical information are an important resource for understanding human–legume interactions. The 525 useful legume species registered in Mexico’s National Herbarium (MEXU) were analyzed using a hierarchical method and represented in dendrograms. Of these, 244 species noted a single use, while 281 species reported two or more uses. Plants applied for medicinal purposes registered the greatest number of species (351 spp.), followed by those employed as animal food (205 spp.), material sources (197 spp.), environmental modifiers (139 spp.), and food and food additives (119 spp.). This study also suggests that a greater number of uses is concentrated in closely related species-rich taxa rather than in less diverse groups, and that certain uses are clustered in phylogenetically related groups. Of particular interest are multipurpose shrubs and trees managed as living fences that satisfy a variety of needs in rural areas. This diversity of legume resources used by Mexican people may be advantageous in the planning and management of conservation areas, since the diversity, ubiquity, and economic importance of some of species have promoted overuse and destruction.

Genetic characteristics of lobster Panulirus versicolor (Latreille, 1804) from bird’s head seascape-Papua based on cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene

Bird’s Head Seascape of Papua has high biodiversity. This region is a potential area for lobster (Panulirus versicolor) to grow and breed. This research aim is to analyze the genetic characteristic and diversity of lobster from Papua. Sample of P. versicolor was collected from several locations in BHS, which are Nabire, Wasior, Biak, Cenderawasih Bay, and Raja Ampat. Genomic DNA was isolated and amplified by using Polymerase Chain Reaction methods with primers HCO-02198 and LCO-1490. A total of 684 base pairs of COI genes were sequenced with an average composition of T (32%), C (22%), A (27,8%), and G (18,2%). All sequences are grouped into four haplotypes based on nine polymorphic sites. The Phylogenetic tree shows there is a close relationship among samples from Nabire, Wasior, Teluk Cenderawasih, and Raja Ampat. Based on this result, there is a need for enlarge management of conservation areas and built the marine protected area network in one management. The conservation should not be locally in each region.

Determination of the Benoa Bay Maritime Conservation Area in the Effectiveness of Environmental Maintenance

Reclamation based on the revitalization of Benoa Bay-Bali which is regulated in Presidential Decree No. 51 of 2014 has the goal of increasing competitiveness in the field of tourism destinations. However, many Balinese people reject the reclamation of Benoa Bay-Bali because the Benoa Bay area is a conservation area. With various objections from the Balinese people, KEPMEN KP No: 46/ KEPMEN-KP/2019 was issued regarding the management of the maritime cultural protection area of ??Benoa Bay-Bali by appointing the Bali Provincial Government as the manager. This study aims to examine policies regarding the maritime conservation area of ??Benoa Bay-Bali managed by the Provincial Government of Bali, as well as the determination of the Benoa Bay-Bali maritime conservation area to function effectively in the framework of environmental preservation. Using sociolegal research with a statutory approach and a case approach. The result of the research is that there is no further regulation regarding the Bali Provincial Regulation regarding the management of the Benoa Bay maritime conservation area, so that there is a norm vacuum. It is hoped that the determination of the Benoa Bay maritime conservation area to be able to effectively provide a positive impact in environmental maintenance activities, in which to ensure its wise use and increase the quality of its value and diversity.

Strategi pemberdayaan masyarakat Desa Tanjung Belit di sekitar Suaka Margasatwa Bukit Rimbang Bukit Baling Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau

One of the problems faced in the management of conservation areas, including wildlife reserves, is the community activities in and around the area to meet their daily needs. They in general have traditionally carried on their traditional lives and most of them live at a very subsistence economic level. Therefore the success of the management of conservation areas including wildlife reserves is very dependent on the attitudes and support of the community both at the local and national level. Bukit Rimbang Bukit Baling Wildlife Reserve has been determined by the Government of the Republic of Indonesia through the Decree of the Minister of Forestry number SK.3977/Menhut-VII/KUH/2014 on May 23, 2014 with an area of 141,226.25 hectares (BBKSDA Riau, 2015). Tanjung Belit Village, Kampar Kiri Hulu Subdistrict, Kampar Regency is one of the villages bordering the Bukit Rimbang Hill Baling High School which has high public concern for the preservation of the forest, rivers and the surrounding environment. The people of Tanjung Belit Village have traditionally used natural resources in and around the Bukit Rimbang Bukit Baling Wildlife Reserve area to fulfill their daily needs by farming / gardening and collecting forest products and other river products. However, the availability of these forest and river resources, if taken continuously, will certainly decrease both in quality and quantity. While the necessities of life always increase along with the increasing population and the progress of the times. Therefore efforts should be made to the community and natural resources, so that the availability of natural resources and the necessities of life can be improved. This study aims to analyze the socio-economic conditions of the people of Tanjung Belit Village, identify the potential of Bukit Rimbang Bukit Baling Wildlife Reserve, formulate the Tanjung Belit Village community empowerment strategy around the Bukit Rimbang Bukit Baling Wildlife Reserve, Kampar Regency, Riau Province. The research approach used in this study is a quantitative approach to the survey method.he results showed the socio-economic conditions of the people of Tanjung Belit Village were still classified as poor and less skilled. However, local wisdom and a strong will to try to be a social capital in community empowerment. The potential of Bukit Rimbang Hill Bukit Baling has quite high potential from flora, fauna and nature tourism, but for the development of agricultural business is still limited due to the status of the wildlife reserve. The results of the study can be formulated a strategy of community empowerment in the village of Tanjung Belit around Bukit Rimbang Bukit Baling Wildlife Reserve; (a) optimize land use in agricultural business development; (b) encourage training activities to improve human resources in the context of community empowerment; (c) active community involvement in the management of the Bukit Rimbang Bukit Baling Wildlife Reserve area; (d) increasing cooperation support between the government and stakeholders in developing infrastructure supporting natural tourism around the Bukit Rimbang Bukit Baling Wildlife Reserve.

Stakeholder analysis for controlling land utilization in Parangtritis sand dunes

Land use change in coastal sand dune is a problematic issue that can arise due to inappropriate use. Stakeholders have a large role in the management of sand dune. This study aims to identify and map the role of stakeholders in relation to land utilization in Parangtritis sand dunes. Land use distribution was analyzed using ArcGIS software, while the method used for stakeholder analysis was in-depth interviews. The stakeholders in this study are the Spatial Planning Agency of Bantul Regency (DPTR), the Environmental Agency of Bantul Regency (DLH), Parangtritis Geomaritime Science Park (PGSP), Tourism Awareness Group (Pokdarwis), Save Our Sand Dune Lives (SOSDL), village government, and the local community. The result indicated that many anthropogenic activities were identified on the sand dune area, which in turn can endanger the existence of this landform. Based on the results of the analysis, it shows that the stakeholders included in the role of the main players (key players) are DPTR, DLH, PGSP, Pokdarwis, and SOSDL. Meanwhile, stakeholders included in the subject category are the village government and the local community. There is no communication forum for management, supervision, and control of the sand dune conservation area, as well as integration between stakeholders.

MANAGEMENT OF CONSERVATION AREAS WITH PARTICIPATION OF COMMUNITIES IN MOZAMBIQUE

This article discusses the challenges of managing conservation areas; in search of new institutional instruments and mechanisms that make effective conservation of biodiversity and ecosystems in protected areas. The management of conservation areas in some countries has been made from a growing demand for involvement of stakeholders and communities in decision-making in the process of managing natural resources. There are three issues surrounding the debate on participatory management of conservation areas, namely: the distribution of authority and responsibilities in the decision-making process; distribution of benefits and sustainability (ecological, social and economic). The main reasons that justify the management of these areas with the participation of communities are: the restriction on access to resources can compromise the food security of families living there and; it is a prerequisite for communities to be able to carry out their activities, to set up joint enterprises with them, or other forms of management that make their participation effective. The analytical approach was based on the theory of natural resource management and complemented by recent contributions from research in the areas of political sociology, poverty and the environment on the phenomenon of "participation". The local dimension, although the integrative synthesis between the natural and the human, historically and spatially located, makes essential a participatory management of conservation areas in countries such as Mozambique, because it allows the understanding and transformation of social relations that are carried out from a certain mode of production and organization established in a defined space of protection and conservation.

Human-wildlife conflicts and rural livelihood in Okomu national park, Edo state, Nigeria

Human-wildlife conflict remains a major challenge in wildlife conservation. This study explored the occurrence of human-wildlife conflict and its impact on the subsistence of rural communities’ adjoining Okomu National Park (ONP), Edo State, Nigeria. A semi-structured questionnaire (for villagers and law enforcement staff of Okomu National Park) and focus group discussion were employed to establish the occurrence and impact of human-wildlife conflict in ONP from January to April 2019. A total of 5 villages were purposively sampled of which 160 villagers, 70 rangers and 3 focused groups (comprising 7 individuals per group) were surveyed. The results revealed that Monkey (Cercopithecus erythrogaster), Buffalo (Syneruscafer), Elephant (Loxodontacylotis), Duikers (Philatombamaxwelli), and Porcupine (Histrixcristata)causes significant problem (χ2 =102.28, P= 0.000; χ2=10.592, P=0.000; χ2=15.454, P= 0.001; χ2= 10.213, P= 0.001; χ2=27.815, P= 0.007 respectively). Also, the occurrence of human-wildlife conflict was higher in villages within 2km radius to park boundary. The livelihood of villagers was negatively affected as they lose their crops to wild animals with no intervention from the park authorities. Management of conservation areas should ensure clear boundary demarcation to reduce the rate of encroachment into the park. Besides, management strategies that aid in the preservation of ecological integrity of the site and human well-being should be taken into account. Improved conservation education and compensation for the loss incurred to crop-raiding should be designed and implemented.

Research on the Design of Community Activity Center in Urban Historic Conservation Areas: Take Tan Hualin as an Example

With the rapid development and expansion of the city and the gradual aging of the population, there are many problems in the management of the urban historic conservation areas, and their protection and renewal are beginning to attract the public’s attention. This paper takes Tan Hualin urban historic conservation areas in Wuhan as an example, through the preliminary investigation and data collection of Tan Hualin, based on its architectural and cultural characteristics, historical context and residents’ needs, to build a community activity center in the urban historic conservation areas.

Chasing The Dream – Self-Determination on a Non-territorial Basis for the Noongar Traditional Owners in the South West of Australia

Abstract Self-determination for Aboriginal people in Australia has been a long sought after yet difficult objective to reach. The recently concluded Noongar Settlement in the state of Western Australia opens new opportunities and could potentially set a new benchmark for non-territorial autonomy and self-government for an Aboriginal community. The Noongar Settlement exceeds the more traditional settlements of a native title claim since it provides elaborate institutions for self-government albeit by way of private bodies corporate. The bodies corporate for the Noongar people would enable them to make and administer decisions; offer services; undertake management of public conservation areas; and advocate for the best interests of their community. This privatised form of self-government may not only provide new impetus to other land claim processes in Australia, it may also address the often-heard demands from Aboriginal people for a treaty to be entered into between themselves and the government of Australia.

Doctoral Study Program, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl Agro No 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281

Forest fire was a persistent concern management in conservation areas of Mount Ciremai National Park (MCNP) and Kuningan Botanical Garden (KBG). Many of the forest fire was sparked by anthropogenic ignitions like careless fire use for extracting forest honey. This study aims to map multi stakeholder roles on fire management in conservation areas. Twenty-seven actors were interviewed to learn who are the fire actors and network. These multi stakeholders included government officials, local businessmen, non-governmental organizations and community members. Study site and data collection were carried out in seven villages around conservation areas from July to September 2019. The relationships between the actors were analyzed with the software Node XL Basic and Gephi 9.0.2 using the Social Network Analysis. Our results identify close relationships and strong connections to all actors of more than half (63.2%) but social or personal approach between all actors were still required. Head of MCNP, Head of KBG and Head of AKAR (Aktivitas Anak Rimba) acted as the important actors. To prevent the area from further fire occurrences, management authorities should establish mutual confidence and make other actors believe that heads of conservation areas are a solid team to prevent conservation areas from burning.

Is There an Equivalence between Measures of Landscape Structural and Functional Connectivity for Plants in Conservation Assessments of the Cerrado?

Landscape connectivity can be assessed based on the physical connection (structural connectivity) or the maintenance of flow among habitats depending on the species (functional connectivity). The lack of empirical data on the dispersal capacity of species can lead to the use of simple structural measures. Comparisons between these approaches can improve decision-making processes for the conservation or restoration of habitats in fragmented landscapes, such as the Cerrado biome. This study aimed to understand the correspondence between the measures of landscape structural and functional connectivity for Cerrado plants. Three landscapes with cerradão patches in a pasture matrix were selected for the application of these metrics based on the functional connectivity of four profiles of plant dispersal capacity. The results showed divergent interpretations between the measures of landscape structural and functional connectivity, indicating that the assessment of biodiversity conservation and landscape connectivity is dependent on the set of metrics chosen. Structurally, the studied landscapes had the same number of cerradão patches but varied in optimal resource availability, isolation, heterogeneity, and aggregation. Functional connectivity was low for all profiles (based on the integral index of connectivity—IIC) and null for species with a low dispersal capacity (based on the connectance index—CONNECT), indicating that species with a medium- to long-distance dispersal capacity may be less affected by the history of losses and fragmentation of the Cerrado in the pasture matrix. The functional connectivity metrics used allowed a more robust analysis and, apparently, better reflected reality, but the lack of empirical data on dispersal capacity and the difficulty in choosing an indicator organism can limit their use in the management and planning of conservation and restoration areas.

Regulatory Compliance of Community-Based Conservation Organizations: Empirical Evidence from Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal

Community-based conservation in the developing world generally puts more emphasis on voluntary commitments and compliance rather than enforcement of formal laws and regulations for the governance of protected areas. However, as with other forms of organizational management, once institutions are established, they are required to comply with all relevant, legally binding regulations. Furthermore, it is broadly assumed that compliance with established regulations is critical for good governance. In this paper, we review these matters through an empirical study of Conservation Area Management Committees’ degree of compliance with regulations under Nepalese law, within the Annapurna Conservation Area—one of the best-known community-based protected areas worldwide—based on quantitative content analysis of the committees’ meeting minutes from 2008 to 2012. According to the established rules, two to four women and one to five minorities serve as committee members in each instance. On average, fewer members than expected attended meetings, and the number of decisions made per meeting showed a curvilinear relationship with the number of members present as well as their demographic diversity. Of the 13 committees selected for study, only two met the legal mandate of holding six regular meetings annually within two-month intervals. In all the other cases, non-compliance was noted for one to all five years of the committees’ terms. In general, compliance declined over the five-year terms, and some committees were significantly less-compliant than others. Although enforceable decisions were made within both compliant and non-compliant committees, several problems of non-compliance were identified that may affect conservation outcomes. We suggest several possible reasons for non-compliance and argue that these may be symptoms of institutional weaknesses. Organizations that fail to meet their commitments risk liability and may also lose the formal legal authority to govern. Regular monitoring is recommended to address compliance issues.

Nature conservation versus agriculture in the light of socio-economic changes over the last half-century–Case study from a Hungarian national park

National parks and other forms of protection ensure the natural values in the European Union. However, a significant part of protected areas is under agricultural cultivation, and the two sectors have been kind of opponents to each other for a long time. In the last 50 years, because of various socio-economic changes, the European and Hungarian agricultural policies had opposing concepts and goals, even related to protected areas. In our work, we identified the policy and institutional changes, examined their effects, and the conflicts that accompanied them by exploring the area of Kiskunság National Park (KNP) in Hungary. Based on literature and document review, in-depth interviews, GIS, and statistical analysis, we present the main reasons and symptoms of the two sectors' counter-interest. We found that farming objectives and agricultural subsidies have an essential influence on nature conservation. In contrast, the KNP as an institution has less and less control over the landscape management of conservation areas. The historical turning points have fundamental impacts on the behavior of local actors. The changing macro-conditions cause unbalanced relations between nature conservation and agriculture, which could endanger valuable close-to-nature landscapes. We conclude that the coexistence of agricultural production and nature conservation can be improved, but it will require the equal treatment and independence of sectors, comprehensive policy coordination, complex spatial planning, and paradigmatic change in support to agricultural communities and conservationists. The linkages between these two policy areas will increasingly determine sustainable land use management in the future, thus protecting natural values not just in Hungary, but in the EU and other countries too.

Spatially explicit mapping of phenological transition zones: A fuzzy-logic approach

Spatially explicit mapping of the Phenological Transition Zone (PTZ) is the prerequisite to PTZ dynamics monitoring and characterization, and is significant for more effective management of natural resources, biodiversity, and conservation areas in the context of climate change. However, to our knowledge there have been no studies to delineate spatially explicit PTZs and there are some potential issues associated with the mapping of other biogeographical transition zones. This paper developed a method to explicitly delineate PTZs continuously from 2003 to 2017 in the study area of the Forest-Grassland Mosaic Region (FGMR) in northeastern China, highlighting both their transitional and phenological characteristics. Annual Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) time series were fed into the dynamic-time-warping (DTW) based fuzzy c-medoids (FCMdd) clustering to produce 12 fuzzy phenoregions. Potential PTZ pixels were identified for each pair of fuzzy phenoregions via the fuzzy intersection operator. The Delaunay tessellation field estimator was applied to convert the discrete potential PTZ pixels to continuous weighted density surface. The 7 consistently and 8 intermittently existing PTZs were exhaustively derived via thresholding. Three different types of gradient, inclusive and mosaic PTZs were identified. The PTZ dynamics were rapid and dramatic due to its phenological and transitional nature. This PTZ mapping method can be easily extended to other areas with no or minor adjustments, and it can also be adapted to map other biogeographical transition zones.

Marxan을 이용한 도시하천의 보전지역 설정 및 생태적 관리방안 연구† - 서울시 중랑천을 대상으로 -

Marxan을 이용한 도시하천의 보전지역 설정 및 생태적 관리방안 연구† - 서울시 중랑천을 대상으로 -

STRATEGI PENINGKATAN EFEKTIVITAS PENGELOLAAN KAWASAN KONSERVASI TAMAN NASIONAL KARIMUNJAWA

Taman Nasional Karimunjawa (TNKJ) masuk dalam rencana aksi nasional pengelolaan kawasan konservasi tahun 2018-2025. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengkaji efektivitas pengelolaan kawasan konservasi TNKJ, sehingga diperoleh rekomendasi strategis yang efektif untuk peningkatan efektivitas pengelolaan kawasan konservasi TNKJ. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus-Desember 2019. Metode penilaian yang digunakan adalah score card untuk pedoman Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool (METT) dan pedoman Evaluasi Efektivitas Pengelolaan untuk Kawasan Konservasi Laut di Indonesia (COREMAP II - LIPI) serta metode penilaian system blocking untuk pedoman Teknis Evaluasi Efektivitas Pengelolaan Kawasan Konservasi Perairan, Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil (E-KKP3K). Analisis prioritas strategi peningkatan efektivitas pengelolaan kawasan konservasi TNKJ dilakukan menggunakan metode jejaring analitik (Analytic Network process, ANP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penilaian pengelolaan kawasan konservasi TNKJ dikatakan sangat efektif menurut pedoman METT, efektif menurut pedoman COREMAP II - LIPI dan berstatus hijau menurut pedoman E-KKP3K. Permasalahan prioritas pengelolaan TNKJ adalah implementasi sistem zonasi, sedangkan solusi prioritas untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pengelolaan TNKJ adalah penyadaran masyarakat dan wisatawan terhadap bahaya sampah dan kerusakan lingkungan.

Modal Sosial Masyarakat di Kawasan Penyangga Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai untuk Mendukung Skema Pengelolaan Berbasis Kemitraan

Understanding about social capacital of community has an essential role in supporting the collaborative management of conservation area. This study aims to assess the characteristics of elements of social capital and measure the relationship of the effects of elements of social capital on social capital owned by communities around the buffer zone of Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai (TNGC). Study site was located in the upstream area of Cisanggarung watershed. Data collection was undertaken through three stages, i.e. literature study, field observation, and inteview. The analysis was conducted using confirmatory factor analysis and descriptive test. The results demonstrated that the social capacital of communities around the buffer zone of TNGC, even though in the same watershed ecosystem unit they had varied characteristics. This fact is proven by the differences in social capital categories and the most influential elements of social capital in the formation of social capital in rural areas that are buffer zones. In order to support the collaborative management in TNGC, the sub-elements of social capital which is at a very weak and weak level, as well as the most influential social capital element in the formation of social capital in each village, should be the main consideration in increasing social capital and preparing conservation collaborative programs that are will be done in each village.

Ecological sustainability status in mangrove conservation area of Gunung Anyar Sub-District, Surabaya

The mangrove conservation area in Gunung Anyar Sub-District has been directed to be one of the centers of mangrove education ecotourism in the city of Surabaya. In the process of managing coastal areas, it is necessary to approach various scientific disciplines, related to ecology, economics, social, institutional, and technology, to mantain the conservation of the coastal areas. Among these dimensions, the focus of researchers in the management of the mangrove conservation area of Gunung Anyar Sub-District is the ecological dimension, because ecology is a dimension of sustainability - the “outermost” - a foundation that forms the basis of everything. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the status of ecological sustainability in Gunung Anyar Sub-District, Surabaya. The tool used to analyze is R Software in which three analysis processes take place, including; MDS (Multi Dimensional Scaling) analysis, Monte Carlo simulation, and Leverage analysis. From the results of the analysis, the ecological sustainability status of the mangrove conservation area of Gunung Anyar Sub-District is included in the unsustainable category with an average score of only 11.98988942. While the most influential variables are as follows: mangrove land pressure (2.134000151), mangrove conservation function (1.538443029), successful replanting (1.283040189), and surrounding population (1.23348515).