Managers Of Brazilian Companies Research Articles

Management controls and behavioral factors as drivers of earnings management

The use of management control levers can help organizations to assess results and minimize opportunistic behavior by managers. It can shape behavioral factors by providing a trigger, on occasion, to earnings management practices. The aim of the study is to analyze whether the use of management control levers affects the relationship between the behavioral factors of empowerment and creativity of managers and the propensity for earnings management. The sample is composed of 82 respondents (managers of Brazilian companies), for data processing, the structural equation was used. The results suggest that companies that prioritize the use of management control levers by threshold and diagnostic systems create barriers to earnings management practices. On the other hand, companies with the use of management control levers through belief and interactive systems make room for managers to exercise the opportunistic behavior of earnings management.

REPRESENTATIVE ACTIONS OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN BRAZILIAN COMPANIES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Total Quality Management (TQM) refers to a strategy used by the administrative sector so that all organizational levels understand the representativeness of adding quality to business procedures. Therefore, the present study aims to conduct a systematic literature review of high impact research on development of Total Quality Management in Brazilian companies, to identify the transformation procedures that are inserted in organizations. To that end, the Methodi Ordinatio was applied to the raw portfolio to identify the most relevant, high impact, studies in the area. Scopus and Web of Science databases were used from 2010 to 2019. Mendeley, EndNote and VOSviewer were used for reference management and clustering topics. The results show the main trends in the referred body of literature, organizational transformation procedures are related to the top-down model. It was evaluated that management based on shared responsibilities is used by few Brazilian companies, the relationship with suppliers is in the process of change and Total Quality Management is initially implemented in conjunction with some changes in the company, especially in the structure of organizational levels. Furthermore, this study gives an overview that the classic concept of Taylorism is still present in the structure of companies in Brazil and the process of continuous improvement is under a process of transformation. ====================================== DOI: 10.18226/23190639.v8n3.02 Luciane Silva Franco*, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR). Brasil. E-mail: lu05-franco@hotmail.com Juliana Moletta Nadal, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR). Brasil. E-mail: julianamnadal@gmail.com Claudia Tania Picinin, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR). Brasil. E-mail: claudiapicinin@utfpr.edu.br Luiz Alberto Pilatti, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR). Brasil. E-mail: lapilatti@utfpr.edu.br Antonio Carlos Franco, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR). Brasil. E-mail: francoancf@hotmail.com Submetido: Abril 2020 Aceito: Junho 2020 *Contato para Correspondência

Influence of Family Culture on Enterprise Risk Management in Brazilian Companies

ABSTRACT Context: family involvement creates specific goals that include family interests and values, and is used to pursue the family’s vision, creating effective corporate governance and risk management practices. Objective: our objective is to evaluate the relationship between family influence and enterprise risk management in Brazilian family businesses. Method: data from 142 family businesses was analyzed using descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling. The construct of enterprise risk management comprised: identification, evaluation, response, and communication. Family influence was captured by power, experience, and culture. Results: the results broaden the understanding that, among the three family dimensions investigated, culture is the one that better explains risk management practices. Conclusions: we concluded that the higher the level of family culture, the higher the level of attention to enterprise risk management.

Diversity Management: An Overlook on Brazil's Largest Companies

This article outlines the results of qualitative research on Diversity Management carried out with Brazil's 20 largest companies. The objective of the study was to map the perception of employees and managers on Diversity in the context of the organizations, confronting the corporate discourse with the perspective of professionals who identify with this theme. Therefore, we interviewed, using qualitative techniques, managers of 12 out of 20 national companies and 45 employees, representing all selected companies. The results show a very incipient management in Brazilian companies, with a discourse that is little aligned to the practice and almost no practical demonstration of results, perceived by employees with mistrust and a sense of exclusion.

Corporate Governance Characteristics as a Stimulus to Tax Management

This article aimed to investigate whether corporate governance uses tax management to increase companies' performance. The objective was checking whether corporate governance characteristics, such as remuneration paid to the executive board, segregation between Chairman and CEO, and the independence and composition of the Board of Directors, influence tax management in Brazilian companies. At the same time, it aimed to identify whether the preceding tax management is reflected on the subsequent tax management. To do this, a sample of 355 Brazilian companies listed on the BM&FBOVESPA between 2008 and 2014 was used, in order to find out whether their corporate governance characteristics influenced tax management, something identified by calculating ETR, CashETR, and BTD. As a result, it was found (i) that the remuneration paid to executives may be regarded as a characteristic influencing tax management in Brazilian firms, and (ii) that the preceding tax management influences the future tax management. In addition, it was found that Brazilian companies do not rule out tax management benefits, since the average effective rate in the sample under analysis was 25%, and it is statistically lower than the nominal rate of taxes on earnings in Brazil, which is 34%.

Institutional distance and entry mode choice by Brazilian firms

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of institutional distance, firm and industry characteristics on the establishment mode strategy of Brazilian multinationals – the choice between an acquisition and a greenfield investment.Design/methodology/approach– The authors build upon the recently developed of Institutional Theory an analytical framework, decomposing the institutional distance between formal institutions (economic, financial, political, administrative, demographic, geographic and knowledge distance) and informal institution (cultural distance), and we used control variables related to firm and industry levels.Findings– The results suggest a possible association between entry by acquisition and factors related to the firm-level and formal institution (financial, political and demographic distance). Findings also suggest a strong relationship between greenfield investments and informal institution (cultural distance) and industry-level factors.Praticallimitations– The authors believe that the managers of Brazilian companies should use the variables adopted in this study as criteria to identify the factors that influence entry strategy abroad.Socialimplications– Another possible contribution concerns the scope of the government because results demonstrated the weight that formal institutions place on the entry process into foreign countries.Originality/value– This study contributes to the ongoing academic discussion regarding entry modes in different ways. First, this study contributes, given the novelty of its proposal: no quantitative studies were found to have analyzed establishment mode choice in Brazil. Another contribution is the finding related to the association between entry mode and institutional distance between countries.

Ativos intangíveis e gerenciamento de resultados: uma análise em empresas brasileiras listadas na BM&FBovespa

Considering the increasing visibility and interest that the themes intangible assets and earnings management have been attracting in researchers and in companies, this study aimed to analyze the relationship between the proportion of intangible assets in total assets and earnings management in Brazilian companies listed in different levels of BM&FBovespa Corporate Governance. We carried out a descriptive research, conducted through document analysis and a quantitative approach of the data that were obtained through the accompanying notes, management reports, and Economatica database for the period 2009 to 2010. The sample comprised 203 companies listed in different levels of BM&FBovespa Corporate Governance that presented a balance of intangible assets during the period. Initially we calculated the percentage of intangible assets in relation to total assets for each company. Then we calculated the earnings management through the model of Kang and Sivaramakrishnan (1995). For the data analysis, descriptive statistics measures and the Pearson correlation analysis were used. The survey results showed a good representation of the intangible assets and considerable rates of earnings management. They also showed that there were statistically significant correlations between intangibility and earnings management only among companies listed in the Novo Mercado, indicating that this level of corporate governance firms with higher percentages of intangible assets in relation to total assets had lower levels of earnings management. Keywords: intangible assets, earnings management, Brazilian companies.

Differences in the patent management in Brazilian companies with and without plants abroad

This paper compares the procedures of local Brazilian companies (those which have plants in Brazil only) with those of international Brazilian companies (which have plants in at least two countries) regarding the patent management. Although there are a lot more variables to consider when examining the issue of patents in companies, this study presents and analyzes the results of a qualitative research on the decision to patent innovations, the choice of countries where to patent and the strategic significance of patents to the company.

Choice of Accounting Practices in Brazil: An Analysis from the Contractual Covenants Hypothesis Perspective

This paper aims to investigate whether managers of Brazilian companies registered at the Securities and Exchange Commission (CVM) which have made long-term financial borrowings (bonds and bank loans), voluntarily have changed their accounting practices in order to prevent the violation of their covenants (based on accounting numbers) specified in their lending agreements. During the analysis of this phenomenon, previous studies suggest that company managers have adopted less conservative accounting practices (increasing their earnings and equity) in order to avoid violation of financial covenants. It was possible to demonstrate by the analysis of 125 Brazilian companies (registered at the CVM), with records of long-term borrowings in the credit market via bonds and bank loans (from 2000 to 2006), and using univariate (empirical histograms and chi–square tests) and multivariate (logistic regression) statistical tests, that these companies did not fulfill voluntarily changes in accounting practices in order to avoid violation of financial covenants. Two relevant items can explain the observed results: the low costs in cases of violation of financial covenants, and the active accounting regulations and monitoring efforts of regulatory agencies for public services, especially in the electricity sector. The main contribution of the observed results is to demonstrate that, despite the existence of financial covenants in debt securities issued by the Brazilian companies analyzed, there is no significant evidence of opportunistic changes in accounting practices to avoid breaches in financial covenants.

The Dimensions of IT Portfolio Management (ITPM): An Analysis Involving IT Managers in Brazilian Companies

The aim of this study is to explore and validate the dimensions of IT Portfolio Management (ITPM) in Brazilian companies, based on three different models. Five case studies were carried out in Brazilian companies that invest more than nine million reals per year in IT. Eight top IT executives from those organizations who had knowledge of the dimensions of ITPM were interviewed. Items were modified and new items included within the dimensions, while examples of equipment or systems applicable to each of the four dimensions were also identified. Research that helps managers to better understand and structure their IT investments by using the dimensions of ITPM is important to assist in the management of such resources. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. The authors wish to thank CNPq and CAPES for their financial support during the development of this research.

Diversity management

PurposeThe objective of this study was to analyze the major challenges and benefits of diversity management in Brazilian companies by assessing the role of human resources.Design/methodology/approachA total of 15 case studies were carried out on companies that operate in Brazil. Brazil is a country with considerable diversity and multiracial backgrounds.FindingsIt was found that diversity management in Brazilian companies is still an emerging issue, and the major challenges are related to discriminatory actions taken by coworkers. Among the 15 companies studied, only four had adopted a consistent set of diversity management and human resources practices. These four companies were the only companies to affirm that diversity management requires the strong support of top management and continuous organization to sustain efforts toward incorporating diversity.Originality/valueResearch studies on diversity management in Brazil are scarce. The findings of this study, however, can be useful to academic professionals and company directors in countries that exhibit similar characteristics to those of Brazil, or to those who are interested in learning more about Brazil.

Contributions of HRM throughout the stages of environmental management: methodological triangulation applied to companies in Brazil

The purpose of this research is to analyze the contribution of human resources management throughout the evolutionary stages of environmental management in Brazilian companies. A theoretical framework concerning environmental management and its evolution and the ‘greening’ of the functional and competitive dimensions of human resource management were developed. A methodological triangulation was developed in two complimentary phases. In the first phase, data were collected from 94 Brazilian companies with ISO 14001 certification. The data collected were analyzed and processed using statistical techniques. The conclusions of the first phase supported the second phase of this empirical research. The second phase consisted of a study of multiple cases in four Brazilian companies. The results show evidence of the first known empirical study of contributions of human resource dimensions throughout the stages of environmental management in Brazilian manufacturing companies.

Environmental management in Brazilian companies

The survival of an organisation today depends directly on its capacity to be efficient and competitive. Growing transformations in the world economy impose new variables on the productive process. Environmental management is one of these variants, which brings in itself a series of opportunities and risks. An environmental management system (EMS) allows an organisation to permanently control the effects of the productive process on the environment. In Brazil, the adoption of this new approach still finds certain resistance by companies, which have seen it more as an additional cost than an improvement opportunity. This study aims to identify the environmental actions of some Brazilian companies, seeking to obtain important information about the process and the operations accomplished in the adoption of EMS by companies which seek to improve the quality of life for the population.

Relationship Between Expenditures in Technological Innovation: A Study in Brazilian Companies

This paper has as its main objective the analysis of the relationship between innovation expenditures in Brazilian companies. It uses a database concerning the expenditures in R&D, technical services, technology acquisition and non-routine engineering of 272 firms. The main finding of the study is that the expenditures in technology acquisition are not correlated to the expenditures in R&D, technical services or non-routine engineering, contrary to what the literature suggests. This fact suggests one of two things. Either there may be a non-effective management in Brazilian companies or it may indicate that technology acquisition is being achieved through other means than licensing, for example, through reverse engineering.

Evolução da administração da produção no Brasil

The evolution of Production and Operations Management in Brazilian companies in the last decades arnounts to a revolution in the traditional administra tive concepts and methods of industrial management.