Best Management Practices Research Articles

Consensus recommendations on multiple sclerosis management in Australia and New Zealand: part 1.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating and degenerative disease of the central nervous system. There were 33 335 people with MS in Australia in 2021 and 2917 in New Zealand in 2006 and the prevalence and incidence are increasing with time. Although new treatments have substantially improved outcomes in recent decades, the treatment landscape has become increasingly complex due to the expanding number of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) and associated safety considerations. A total of 80 consensus recommendations were developed on the current best-practice management of MS in Australia and New Zealand. Part 1 of these guidelines outlines the consensus recommendations covering domains including DMT counselling and selection, pre-DMT assessments, monitoring disease activity on DMT, switching DMT, and discontinuing DMT. The remaining recommendations are outlined in Part 2, encompassing risk mitigation strategies during treatment with DMT, managing DMT in special situations (including pregnancy, postpartum, breastfeeding, active infection including COVID-19, and malignancy), general lifestyle measures, acute MS relapses, and symptomatic treatments for MS. This two-part position statement provides a practical resource for clinicians on current best-practice consensus recommendations for managing adults (≥ 18 years old) with MS in the Australian and New Zealand health care settings. It outlines the 14 DMTs currently available through the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme and eight through the New Zealand Pharmaceutical Schedule, including the unique efficacy, safety and monitoring considerations of each. Through these guidelines, we aim to support safe, timely and effective management of patients with MS in Australia and New Zealand.

Applying a quantitative fire risk assessment method in hospital settings: Case study.

Understanding and mitigating fire risks in healthcare settings are crucial for ensuring the safety of individuals, especially during the current pandemic, which has increased the use of oxygen-supply equipment and potentially raised fire hazards. This case study, conducted in two university hospitals in Semnan, Iran, examined fire risk factors in healthcare facilities using a developed fire risk assessment method. A total of 28 wards and 74 compartments were assessed. Data collection included topographical structure analysis, building usage evaluation, and process documentation review. The FRAME method, validated in previous studies, was used to calculate fire risk levels for buildings, contents, occupants, and activities. The fire risk assessment revealed varying risk levels across different wards and compartments in the two hospitals. Hospital A exhibited higher fire risk levels compared to Hospital B, with several wards in Hospital A classified as "High" or "Very High" risk. Factors contributing to higher risk levels included building design, occupancy density, and the presence of flammable materials. Occupants in certain wards, particularly those with high occupancy rates and limited evacuation routes, were identified as being at increased risk. Activities such as the storage and handling of flammable materials were also found to contribute to elevated risk levels in specific areas. The study emphasizes the importance of implementing targeted fire safety measures, especially regarding oxygen-supplying equipment, high-density ventilators, and limited escape routes, to mitigate risks effectively in healthcare settings. This comprehensive assessment can guide best practices in fire safety management in hospitals.

Current utility, instruments, and future directions for intra-renal pressure management during ureteroscopy: scoping review by global research in intra-renal pressure collaborative group initiative.

Technical advancements and intrarenal pressure are synergistic in improving perioperative outcomes during flexible ureteroscopy (FURS). Mismanaged intra-renal pressure (IRP) has negative consequences and it is associated with an increased risk of sepsis, bleeding, pelvicalyceal fluid extravasation, and even collecting system injuries and acute as well as chronic renal failure. The cornerstone of a safe FURS is the ability to continuously monitor IRP to avoid elevation of IRP above the normal range of 10 mmHg. This scoping review aims to report the current state of real-time IRP monitoring in in vivo clinical studies and the various monitoring methods and technology to understand how this may be best used in daily clinical practice. A systematic literature search was conducted. Only in vivo clinical studies published in English documenting IRP measurement methodologies during semirigid or flexible ureteroscopy for urolithiasis management were included. Out of 1326 retrieved papers, 17 studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising 2 randomized controlled trials, 2 retrospective studies, and 13 observational studies. Current noninvasive IRP monitoring devices include ureteric catheters placed retrogradely or via percutaneous tubing and connected to pressure transducers, amplified by cardiology-used pressure sensing systems or urodynamic systems, automated pressure-regulating systems, pressure sensing guidewires, and IRP sensing flexible ureteroscopes. The review revealed significant variations in IRP measurement methods, reporting units, and irrigation techniques. Notably, elevated IRP above 30 mmHg was consistently associated with increased postoperative complications, including sepsis. Current clinical studies have only ascertained that increased IRP above 40 mmHg positively correlates with infectious complications and postoperative pain. No standardized values are available to predefine safe thresholds in practice. With the availability of noninvasive tools for IRP monitoring, future research should focus on multicenter studies to establish reference ranges and best practices for IRP management, ultimately improving patient outcomes in endourological procedures.

Evaluating best management practices for nutrient load reductions in tile-drained watersheds of the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin: A literature review.

Tile drainage systems are extensively implemented across the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin (GLB) to enhance agricultural productivity on poorly drained soils. However, these systems substantially contribute to excess nutrient runoff, particularly phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N), exacerbating eutrophication and harmful algal blooms in the Great Lakes. This literature review synthesized current knowledge on nutrient loadings from tile-drained agricultural watersheds and evaluated the effectiveness of various agricultural best management practices (BMPs) in mitigating nutrient losses in the GLB. Through a meta-synthesis of field and watershed scale monitoring and modeling studies and statistical analysis using Box-Whisker plots and Monte Carlo simulations, we assessed the nutrient reduction potential of representative BMPs, including cover cropping, nutrient management, controlled drainage, and constructed wetlands in tile-drained landscapes. Findings indicated that individual BMPs substantially reduced nutrient loadings, but the effectiveness of these BMPs depended on site-specific factors, including climate conditions, soil type, and drainage system design. Integrated approaches at field, edge-of-field, and watershed scales with a combination of multiple BMPs enhanced nutrient reduction benefits, aligning with regional water quality targets. The review also highlighted the challenges of climate change that may undermine BMP performance by altering precipitation patterns and increasing extreme weather events. To address these complexities, we proposed a framework for developing adaptive BMP scenarios tailored to specific watershed conditions, emphasizing the need for long-term monitoring and hydrologic model enhancements. This framework was designed to help policymakers, stakeholders, and farmers protect water quality and balance agricultural productivity in the GLB and similar agricultural regions globally.

P-985. Understanding the Effect of Frailty on People Living with HIV- Online CME Improves Knowledge and Confidence

Abstract Background Frailty affects the clinical status of older people living with HIV (PLWH), increasing their risk of adverse outcomes while impacting quality of life and health span. This study evaluated the effect of an online CME curriculum on enhancing awareness and knowledge of contributing factors associated with frailty in PLWH, as well as improving confidence in supporting best practices for screening, management, and guidelines-based care for frail PLWH. Methods The CME intervention comprised of a 30- minute online video-based panel discussion between 2 expert faculty. Response to 3 multiple choice, knowledge questions 1 self-efficacy, 5-point Likert scale confidence question were analyzed using a repeated pairs pre-/post-assessment study design. Pre- to post responses were compared using a McNemar’s test to assess statistical significance. The activity posted on 12/8/2023; data were collected through 3/7/2024. Results The analysis set consisted of responses of HIV specialists (n=32) and Primary Care Physicians (n=244) who answered all pre/post questions. Analysis demonstrated a significant improvement in knowledge and confidence.50% of HIV specialists (P< .001, 35% v. 52% pre to post) and 37% of primary care physicians (P< .0010, 29% v. 39% pre to post) demonstrated improvement across all learning objectives57% relative increase among HIV specialists (P< .01, 44% v. 69% pre to post) and 47% relative increase among primary care physicians (P< .001, 34% v. 50% pre to post) in knowledge regarding the consequences of frailty in PLWH42% relative increase among HIV specialists (P< .05, 31% v. 44% pre to post) and 22% relative increase among primary care physicians (P< .001 27% v. 33% pre to post) in knowledge regarding screening tools for frailty assessment63% improved confidence in the use of available tools to screen/assess frailty in PLWH aged 50+ Conclusion This study demonstrated the success of online, video-based panel discussion CME on improving knowledge and confidence related to individualizing and improving care aging populations who are living with HIV. These findings suggest the benefits of education that addresses clinicians’ individual needs across the continuum of their professional development. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Emerging Implications of Elevated Lipoprotein(a) Levels in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Narrative Review.

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains a cornerstone in the management of coronary artery disease (CAD). In non-urgent surgical revascularization cases, preoperative optimization of modifiable risk factors can improve outcomes. There is increasing interest in the relationship between lipoprotein(a) levels and the risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease, particularly how CABG outcomes are in turn affected. This review highlights the role of Lp(a) in the pathogenesis of CAD and CABG outcomes and discusses future directions for its optimal management in the perioperative period. A review of the PubMed/MEDLINE database until March 2024 was performed to capture publications that evaluated and/or described the relationship between lipoprotein(a) and CABG surgery or CAD outcomes. The available literature supports lipoprotein(a) as a causal and independent risk factor for the pathogenesis of CAD. Elevated lipoprotein(a) levels are associated with an increased risk of adverse post-CABG outcomes, including graft occlusion incidence and major adverse cardiovascular events. Genetic variations influencing lipoprotein(a) levels play a role in disease progression and surgical outcomes. Several therapies aimed at reducing lipoprotein(a) levels, currently in phase III clinical trials, show promise for improving post-CABG prognosis. Among individuals undergoing surgical revascularization for CAD, lipoprotein(a) levels may help define risk and inform best practices for perioperative management. We advocate for the routine measurement of lipoprotein(a) in all patients undergoing CABG. Emerging lipoprotein(a)-lowering agents show promise for secondary prevention of cardiac events, though dedicated analyses in cardiac surgical sub-cohorts will be important to evaluate their role in improving CABG outcomes.

Making ocean climate effects studies matter to society

Abstract The 5th International Conference on the Effects of Climate Change on the World’s Ocean (ECCWO5) was held from April 17 to 21, 2023, in Bergen, Norway. Some seven hundred ocean experts from around the world gathered online and under the sunny blue sky at Bryggen, a historic waterfront harbor. The ECCWO conference series was initiated in 2008, aiming to better understand the impacts of climate change on ocean ecosystems, the services they provide, and the people, businesses, and communities that depend on them. PICES, ICES, IOC, and FAO were major sponsors and organizers of this event with the Institute of Marine Research, Norway, as the local host. The outcomes of the symposium highlighted the importance of tipping points and the fact that the effects of climate change on habitat-building species are dramatic and are impacted by marine heat waves. A robust and adaptive ecosystem approach to fisheries management under climate change is recommended, and low-emission fishing should be implemented broadly. The effects of climate change on ocean deoxygenation need more research. Climate impact assessments should be routinely performed for key ecosystem components. There needs to be more focus on social-ecological approaches and effective stakeholder engagement. We encourage work across the boundaries of disciplines and geography to ensure rapid development and uptake of good practices in science-based advice and management so that they can be adopted by the fishing and aquaculture industry. The ECCWO conference series has contributed to building and maintaining a research community centered on climate change effects on the ocean that will be important moving forward.

Performance Assessment of a Permeable Reactive Barrier on Reducing Groundwater Transport of Nitrate from an Onsite Wastewater Treatment System

Elevated concentrations of nitrate in potable water supplies have been linked to negative health outcomes such as methemoglobinemia and various cancers. Groundwater can become contaminated with nitrate from sources including onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTSs). A groundwater well down-gradient from an OWTS serving an elementary school in Eastern North Carolina USA had 15 consecutive water samples collected over a 5-year period that exceeded the maximum contaminant level of 10 mg/L for nitrate. Corrective actions were required. A permeable reactive barrier (PRB) filled with woodchips was installed between the OWTS drainfield and the contaminated well. The concentration of nitrate in groundwater from the well steadily decreased after the PRB was installed, and a significant (p = 0.001) inverse correlation (−0.859) was observed between the mean annual nitrate concentration and years after the PRB. The nitrate concentration in groundwater from the well has been below 10 mg/L for the last 17 consecutive sampling events. The median nitrate concentration in the well was significantly lower (p = 0.007) post (6.93 mg/L) relative to pre (12.66 mg/L) PRB. The PRB has not required any maintenance over the past 10 years. The implemented PRB directly influences the sampling results from a monitoring well, but it is not necessarily confirmed that it intercepts the entire groundwater flow or fully prevents aquifer contamination. To confirm this, additional monitoring wells would need to be installed. This research has shown that PRBs can be an effective, low-maintenance, best-management practice to reduce the groundwater transport of nitrate.

Identification and Use of Latent Variables in the Analysis of The Effects of Certification on Cocoa Farms in the Transamazon

Objective: The goal of this research was to identify and to analyze the effects of certifications on the value-adding in all links of cocoa supply chain, with special focus on the productive efficiency, training and inclusion of human capital, and the use of good sustainable practices. Theoretical framework: We applied the Inclusive and Sustainable Value Chain concept and the Reverse Asymmetric Information theory in the analysis of certification, premium pricing formation and the management of cocoa farms in the Trans-Amazonian region. Exploratory Factorial Analysis (EFA) was used to identify the latent factors or variables associated with the effect of certification to improve the life quality of cocoa producers. Results and conclusion: Female management of the farms was 20%, which was consistent with the reality of family farming in the state of Pará. The EFA identified four latent variables, which explained 77.059% of the total variance of the data. To explain the reality of the certified cocoa farms of Transamazon region, the latent variables Productive Efficiency, Human Capital Formation, Certification Power and Certified Farm contributed to 22.054%, 21.63%, 17.03% and 16.35% respectively. It is concluded that certification improved productive efficiency and human capital formation in the activity but was unable to prevent deforestation. Research implications: The effects of certification on the cocoa farms analyzed have led to progresses in human capital formation and productive efficiency through good crop management practices and improvements in working conditions. However, limitations on livelihoods, labor recruitment, access to credit, and reduction of deforestation remain. Premium pricing is the variable that must be adjusted to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of certification in differentiating products and inserting them into global food chains. Originality/value: According to 68% of respondents, the premium pricing paid for cocoa does not compensate all social opportunity costs and ecosystem services of the standing forest, which limits the effectiveness of certification in meeting the needs and well-being of producers, the preservation of biodiversity and greenhouse gas emissions.

Prognostic significance of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio in uterine carcinosarcoma.

Uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) and uterine sarcomas (US) are rare but aggressive cancer with poor prognoses. The prognostic value of systemic inflammatory response (SIR) indicators, including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), in predicting outcomes of UCS and US remains unclear. This study investigated the prognostic significance of SIR indicators for UCS and US. Clinicopathological data from 237 patients diagnosed with UCS or US across 14 hospitals from January 2008 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. NLR, PLR, and MLR values were calculated from preoperative blood counts. Prognostic impact was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, Cox regression models, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Elevated NLR, PLR, and MLR were associated with poorer progression-free survival (PFS) in UCS. Additionally, a high NLR also indicated worse overall survival (OS) in UCS. In patients with US, only PLR was significantly associated with poorer PFS. Combining SIR indicators provided a stronger prognostic prediction for UCS compared to individual indicators. Multivariate analysis revealed that high levels of SIR indicators were an independent poor prognostic factor for both PFS and OS in UCS. SIR indicators, particularly when combined, are valuable prognostic markers in UCS, reflecting the inflammatory status and aiding in stratifying patients for tailored therapeutic strategies. These findings support the incorporation of SIR indicators into clinical practice for better management of patients with UCS.

Establishing best practices for insect resistance management: a new paradigm for genetically engineered toxins in cotton expressing Mpp51Aa2.

Debate over resistance management tactics for genetically engineered (GE) crops expressing insecticidal toxins is not new. For several decades, researchers, regulators, and agricultural industry scientists have developed strategies to limit the evolution of resistance in populations of lepidopteran and coleopteran pests. A key attribute of many of these events was insecticide resistance management (IRM) strategies designed around a presumed high-dose expression sufficient to kill 99.5% of exposed larvae for some of the main target pests in corn, Zea mays L. and cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. In contrast, other target pests did not meet this high-dose criterion. Similarly, the recent release of ThryvOn cotton that expresses thysanopteran and hemipteran active Mpp51Aa2.834_16 toxin is not high dose, working on a combination of behavioral and sublethal effects to suppress populations. This unique mode of control has generated considerable uncertainty about what IRM strategies will be most effective to limit field-evolved resistance to this unique spectrum of pests. The goal of this manuscript is to present several knowledge gaps that exist in proposed Mpp51Aa2 IRM plans, focusing on its activity on thrips, Frankliniella spp. Addressing these gaps will be crucial to limit resistance and preserve the benefits that this technology may provide by alleviating reliance on conventional insecticides and seed treatments. Broadly, these considerations will be important for future GE events that are non-high dose but remain valuable components of a more holistic insect management programs that integrate multiple tactics to reduce conventional insecticide use for challenging pests.

Use Intensity of Progesterone Devices for Fixed-time Artificial Insemination in Gyr Crossbred Cows from the Peruvian Tropics

Background: The implementation of routine fixed-time artificial insemination programs can generate significant waste and costs, which good management practices can help mitigate. The objective of the study was to assess the effects of second- and third-use progesterone devices on estrus characteristics and pregnancy rates in synchronized crossbred Gyr cows. Methods: Ten cows were synchronized with first-use Bovine Intravaginal Progesterone Devices (DIB), nine with second-use DIB and ten with third-use DIB. All cows were ³90 days postpartum, had an average milk production of 6.9±1.9 L/day and were aged 4-10 years. Estrus signs were recorded at insemination and pregnancies were confirmed at 60 days by ultrasonography. Result: No significant associations were found between DIB use intensity and estrus detection patch response, mucus color, body condition score (CC), calvings, or breed purity (p greater than 0.05). Body condition was associated with uterine turgor tone (p less than 0.05) and 100% of cows with CC 3.0 showed turgor tone 3. The highest pregnancy rate was found in second-use DIB (55.6%) and CC 2.8 (47.1%), though neither association was significant (p greater than 0.05). DIBs may be used up to a second-use, as cervical mucosal stimulation and pregnancy rate remain unaffected.

Pain management practice and associated factors among nurses working in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Pain management is a crucial component of patient care that promotes relaxation, lowers complications, improves quality of life, and shortens hospital stays. Several studies assessed the nurses' pain management practices in Ethiopia. However, the findings of these studies are highly variable and inconsistent. Therefore, the study aims to determine the overall prevalence of pain management practice and associated factors among nurses working in Ethiopia. The study included all observational quantitative research articles conducted among nurses in Ethiopia. We used Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus searching databases. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to check the study quality. Then I2 statistics and Cochran's Q test were used to evaluate heterogeneity. The Funnel, Egger's test, and non-parametric trim and fill effect tests were used to check publication bias by using a random effect model. Finally, we conducted subgroup analysis and sensitivity tests to evaluate statistical heterogeneity and the presence or absence of any influential study. In the final analysis, we included eighteen studies, and 4,213 nurses participated. The overall pooled prevalence of nurses with good pain management practice was 43.79% (95% CI: 38.52, 49.06%). In-service training AOR; 95% CI 3.21 (1.87, 4.54), good knowledge AOR; 95% CI 2.44 (1.78, 3.09), positive attitudes AOR; 95% CI 2.84 (1.24, 4.44), and pain management guidelines in health facilities AOR; 95% CI 3.46 (1.48, 5.44) were the significant associated factors with pain management practice among nurses in Ethiopia. This study found that over half of Ethiopian nurses had poor pain management practices. Knowledge, attitude, training, and pain management guidelines in health facilities were significant factors. Therefore, health managers and stakeholders should prioritize pain management awareness, attitudes, availability of guidelines, and in-service training to improve patient care and outcomes.

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF GOOD ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE IN WASTE MANAGEMENT

Waste is a national problem in Indonesia that has not found an optimal solution and tends to get worse. Effective waste management for environmental preservation and extinction is one of the principles of good environmental governance. An important part of good governance is collaboration between the private sector and the community to achieve effective, efficient, and appropriate waste management. This study aims to assess the implementation of waste management in Tuah Karya Village. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show the implementation of Good Environmental Governance in waste management in Pekanbaru, with a focus on the steps that have been taken by local governments to build effective waste management in their respective regions. Several areas in Pekanbaru have implemented good waste management practices, such as building waste banks, recycling waste into new products, and promoting waste reuse. This study examines the forms of implementation of Good Environmental Governance in waste management in Pekanbaru. In the case of Waste Bank management in Tuah Karya, based on the principles of good environmental governance, it turns out that one of the seven principles, namely access to information, has not been able to achieve the goal of realizing a Smart City in Pekanbaru. This is because many residents are still unaware of the existence of the Waste Bank, and many are reluctant to participate. These challenges make it difficult for the Waste Bank to contribute to the ideals of Smart City in Pekanbaru.

Diffuse soil pollution from agriculture: Impacts and remediation.

Agricultural activities are essential for sustaining the global population, yet they exert considerable pressure on the environment. A major challenge we face today is agricultural pollution, much of which is diffuse in nature, lacking a clear point of origin for chemical discharge. Modern agricultural practices, which often depend on substantial applications of fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation water, are key contributors to this form of pollution. These activities lead to downstream contamination through mechanisms such as surface runoff, leaching, soil erosion, wind dispersal, and sedimentation. The environmental and human health consequences of diffuse pollution are profound and cannot be ignored. Accurate assessment of the risks posed by agricultural pollutants is crucial for ensuring the production of safe, high-quality food while safeguarding the environment. This requires systematic monitoring and evaluation of agricultural practices, including soil testing and nutrient management. Furthermore, the development and implementation of best management practices (BMPs) are critical in reducing the levels of agricultural pollution. Such measures are essential for mitigating the negative impacts on ecosystems and public health. Therefore, the adoption of preventive strategies aimed at minimizing pollution and its associated risks is highly recommended to ensure long-term environmental sustainability and human well-being.

A Preliminary Study on the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) for the Prioritization of Flash Flood Risk Index in Development Projects

Abstract Flash floods are a significant threat to urban development in Malaysia, often reported to be related to construction activities. The construction activity is one of the stages of any development project. This research aims to develop a comprehensive framework using the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) for prioritizing flash flood risk index in new development projects. The methodology involves constructing a hierarchical model of flash flood risk vulnerability factors, conducting expert assessments using fuzzy logic to handle imprecise and uncertain information, and converting qualitative data into quantitative ratings. Six experts from academia, industry, and government were involved in assessing factors influencing the flash flood vulnerability during development projects’ pre-construction and construction phases. Findings reveal that construction phases and best management practices (BMPs) are critical in mitigating flash flood risks. The FAHP framework effectively prioritizes the flash flood risk index, offering a scientifically validated and flexible approach to decision-making. This study contributes to the field by providing a robust method for integrating expert judgments and handling uncertainties in flash flood risk assessment. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of FAHP in improving flood risk management for new development projects in Malaysia. This study enhances decision-making by addressing the identified gaps, ensuring more resilient and sustainable infrastructure development. Future research should focus on refining the FAHP model and developing user-friendly tools for wider urban planning and construction adoption.

Digitalization of Mosque Management as An Innovation for Religious Activities in Growing the Insal Kamil Generation

: In facing the growing digital era, implementing an efficient mosque management system is crucial for revitalizing Muslims and making mosques the heart of Islamic civilization. This paper discusses planning for the implementation of a mosque management system in the digital era as the main strategy for mosques to face the challenges of technological progress. This research aims to explore the opportunities and challenges in implementing digitalization as an innovation in religious activities, as well as identifying best practices in effective mosque management in order to grow the generation of human beings. The concept of Insan Kamil refers to the formation of a complete human being who has a balance between spiritual, intellectual and noble moral aspects. This writing aims to analyze the role of information technology in increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of mosque management, as well as strengthening congregational involvement through digital platforms. The results of this paper show that implementing a mosque management system in the digital era can make a positive contribution to mosque administration, improve internal communication, and expand services to the congregation. Thus, this writing contributes to the renewal of mosques as vital entities in shaping Islamic civilization in the digital era.

Optimization of management processes in central government bodies through the integration of artificial intelligence

The primary object of analysis in this study is the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on various departments of a district state administration. The problem addressed by the research was to evaluate the key benefits and challenges of using AI to optimize management processes. The results demonstrated a significant increase in the efficiency of handling citizen inquiries, reducing the processing time from seven days to two days, indicating the high productivity of the implemented systems. These results can be explained by the application of automating routine tasks and optimizing workflows, which lead to the rapid processing of inquiries and reduction of administrative burdens. Moreover, the increased internal consistency of the data, confirmed by Cronbach's alpha, indicates the reliability of the metrics and assessment tools used. The distinctive features of the results, such as high transparency and efficiency of processes, became possible through the integration of the latest AI technologies, which helped solve the identified problem. These features allow AI to serve as an important tool in public administration reform. The scope of practical application of the results includes the use of AI to enhance the quality of public services and optimize internal processes in public administration. Owing to the implementation of best practices in data management and cybersecurity, departments can achieve better interaction and efficiency, promoting the development of a transparent and effective management system. The practical application of the proposed innovations could significantly improve the quality of interaction with citizens, ensuring greater satisfaction with services and compliance with modern efficiency requirements

The Role of Epidemiology, Nursing, Pharmacy, and Emergency Medicine in Managing Infectious Disease Outbreaks: An Integrated Approach

Infectious disease outbreak is a recurring issue for global health with high disease, fatality, and burden for healthcare systems. Successful outbreak management is a multidisciplinary intervention with coordination between epidemiology, nursing, pharmacy, and emergency medicine with one another. All specialties have a complementary role in controlling an outbreak—evidence-guided interventions and epidemiologic surveillance through epidemiology, infection prevention and control through nursing, optimized stewardship of antimicrobial through pharmacy, and triage and early care through emergency medicine. All specialties together make a significant contribution in improving outbreak management, minimizing complications in a patient, and controlling infection dissemination. In this review, collaboration, contribution of specialties, and best practice in infectious disease outbreak management is focused.

Mitigating the Risks of Enterprise Software Upgrades: A Change Management Perspective

Enterprise software upgrades are crucial for maintaining competitive advantage, ensuring security, and enhancing operational efficiency. However, these upgrades often pose significant risks, including system disruptions, data loss, and user resistance. The problem lies in effectively managing these risks to avoid operational setbacks and ensure successful adoption. This paper explores the role of change management in mitigating these risks by offering solutions through strategic planning, stakeholder engagement, and comprehensive training programs. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, integrating quantitative survey results from 185 participants and qualitative insights from 20 in-depth interviews. Results indicate that organizations prioritizing stakeholder engagement, tailored training, and proactive communication achieve higher user satisfaction, improved system performance, and enhanced operational efficiency. These findings provide a framework for best practices in change management that minimize risks and promote successful software upgrades.