Mamluk Research Articles

Royal Pilgrims: Mamluk Accounts of the Pilgrimages to Mecca of the Khawand al-Kubra (Senior Wife of the Sultan)

Apres avoir donne une rapide idee du pelerinage en Egypte Mamelūk et des officiels qui accompagnaient habituellement les caravanes, l'A. examine les recits de cinq pelerinages de premieres femmes des sultans : Mughal, femme du sultan Jaqmaq (842-57/1438-53) ; Zaynab, femme d'Ināl (857-65/1453-60) ; Shakarbāy al-Nāsirīyah al-Ahmadīyah, femme du sultan Khushqadam (865-72/1461-70) ; Fātimah, femme de Qā'itbāy (873-901/1468-95) ; et enfin, Umm Sīdī Muhammad, femme du sultan Qānsūh al-Ghawrī (906-22/1501-16).

The Mamluks in the Balance

The Mamluks in the Balance

Settled Life in Mamluk Jordan

Settled Life in Mamluk Jordan

The Fall and Rise of the ʿAbbāsid Caliphate

In A.D. 1258 the Mongols conquered Baghdad and brought the Abbasid caliphate to an end. Three years later, however, under the aegis of the Mamluk sultan Baybars, the caliphate was resurrected, providing legitimacy to the sultan and the Mamluk state in general, both internally and in its foreign relations. The book under review here follows and analyzes in detail the whole process of the reestablishment of the caliphate, with particular emphasis on the Aleppan interlude. The study is based on a careful reading of the literary sources along with a comprehensive presentation of the numismatic material. The latter represents a third of the entire book, and constitutes an important study in its own right.

Grand Dawādār and Governor of Jedda: The Career of the Fifteenth Century Mamlūk Magnate Ğānibak Al-Ẓāhirī

Etude de la carriere d'un emir mamelouk, Gānibak al-Zāhirī, gouverneur de Jiddah, sans doute l'un des magnats les plus puissants du XVe s., et de sa phenomenale ascension vers le pouvoir, liee a ses activites a Jiddah (Arabie), ou il servit comme collecteur des droits de coutume pour quatre sultans mamelouks successifs. Cette taxe levee sur les marchandises venant d'Inde qui passaint par le port de Jiddah permettait aux Mamelouks d'exercer un controle etroit sur le commerce indien et constituait une source de revenus majeure pour l'economie mamelouke alors en mauvais point

Mamluk Economics: A Study and Translation of al-Maqrīzī's Ighāthah

Mamluk Economics: A Study and Translation of al-Maqrīzī's Ighāthah

New Arabian Studies.

Foreword and Acknowledgements, vii Guidelines and Transliteration Scheme for Contributors, viii Addenda & Corrigenda, xi Review Notices, xv Yemen Relations with European Countries (Historical Background) Hussein A. Al-Amri, 1 Carving and Recarving: Three Rasulid Gravestones Revisited Elizabeth Lambourn, 10 The Politics of Protection in the Gulf: The Arab Rulers and the British Resident in the Nineteenth Century James Onley, 30 Indecisive Reactions to the Portuguese by Mamluk and Ottoman Turk Clive Smith, 93 Three Tales from Arabia- Story-telling in Ibn al-Mugawir's 7th/13th Century Guide G. Rex Smith, 124 The Ma'azibah and the Zaraniq of Tihamah Francine Lida Stone, 132 The Muslim Qadi and the Peasant Bedouin of the Emirates Abdullah A. Yateem, 156 Notes on Contributors, 187.

Some Late ʿAbbāsid and Mamlūk Books about Women: A Literary Historical Approach

Analyse de quatre ouvrages arabes abbassides et mamelouks ecrits entre le 12 eme et 19 eme siecle et consacres aux femmes : « Al-hadā'iq al-gannā' fī ahbār al-nisā' » de Ali b. Muhammad al-Ma āfirī al-Mālaqī, « Nisā' al-hulafā' » d'Ibn al-Sā ī, « Al-mustazraf min ahbār al gawārī » de Galāl al-Dīn al-Suyūtī et « Ahbār al-nisā' » d'Ibn Qayyim al-Gawzīya sont des compilations, montent des attitudes differentes envers les sources, refletent les orientations ideologiques de leur A.

The Mamluk Conception of the Sultanate

During their rule in Egypt and Syria (1250–1517), the Mamluks showed a certain ambiguity in their attitude toward the sultanate including its rules of succession and the ruler's source of power. This ambiguity has led to a variety of opinions about the nature of the Mamluk Sultanate in scholarly works on Mamluk history. David Ayalon implies, in “The Circassians in the Mamluk Kingdom,” that the principle of heredity was recognized to various degrees in the Mamluk state, although it was weak during the Bahri period and altogether abandoned during the Circassian period. In “From Ayyubids to Mamluks,” Ayalon confirms that when the Mamluks came to power they had not “ever dreamt of creating a non-hereditary sultan's office” because most of the Bahri period was ruled by the Qalaʾunid dynasty. When nonhereditary rule came about, at least in the Bahri period, it was without any form of planning. In his “Mamluk Military Aristocracy: A Non-Hereditary Nobility,” Ayalon stresses that even during pre- and post-Qalaʾunid times the sultan's office was only nonhereditary to a certain extent and that “throughout the history of the Mamluk Sultanate there is not the slightest mention of the non-hereditary character of the sultan's office, or of the intention of turning it into such.”

Before the Mamluks

Before the Mamluks

The reality of Mamluk warfare: Weapons, armour and tactics

(1994). The reality of Mamluk warfare: Weapons, armour and tactics. Al-Masāq: Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 77-110.

The Consolidation of Aybak’s Rule: An Example of Factionalism in the Mamluk State

The Consolidation of Aybak’s Rule: An Example of Factionalism in the Mamluk State

The Overrated adversary: Rhodes and Ottoman naval power

ABSTRACTThis essay examines the relative power of the Rhodian and Ottoman fleets in the first decades of the sixteenth century, taking as its context the commercial and diplomatic relations of the eastern Levantine states. After the Aegean wars of 1499–1503 Rhodes failed to mobilize a Christian alliance against the Ottomans. Nor did the rise of Ismail Safavi in Iran provide the hoped for relief from Ottoman expansion. While the Ottoman state was preoccupied with the succession struggle for Bayezid's throne and with plans to extend its hegemony to the Indian Ocean, Rhodes was fighting for survival. Although the development of the Ottoman fleet provoked great fear in Rhodes, Venice and the Mamluk kingdom, Ottoman naval power until the conquest of Cairo in 151J was directed primarily to defensive and transport activities. Further the Ottoman fleet provided security against corsairs for merchant shipping. By supporting the corsair activities of Order members, Rhodes alienated the Mamluk state, Venice and France (allpotential allies in an anti-Ottoman coalition) but refrained from directly challenging the Ottoman navy. Naval engagements during this period cannot be understood without taking into consideration the prolonged conditions of grain shortage in the Aegean and eastern Mediterranean. Both aggressive and defensive measures taken by the Ottoman, Venetian and Rhodian fleets Were ordinarily related to the competition for foodstuffs during this period rather than the conquest of territory or the establishment of commercial dominance (as in the Indian Ocean).

The Lion of Egypt: Sultan Baybars I and the Near East in the Thirteenth Century

The political background of Baybar's youth Baybar's origins and rise to power Baybars as Sultan. Appendices: Mongol influences on the Mamluk state Baybar's embassies to Berke Khan the Khutba for Berke Khan an alleged expedition against Antioch in 665/1266 the capture of Crac des Chevaliers the Battle of Albistan the cause of Baybar's death.

Tegüder's Ultimatum to Qalawun

The Ilkhan Tegüder (r. 1282–84), who took the name Ahmad when he converted to Islam, is widely credited with having interrupted—for the duration of his brief reign—the Mamluk-Ilkhanid conflict which had continued unabated since the battle of 'Ayn Jalut (1260). He is also credited with sending two embassies to Qalawun (r. 1280–90), his Mamluk counterpart: the first in 1282 and the second at the end of 1284.

Fath Allah and Abu Zakariyya: Physicians under the Mamluks

Fath Allah and Abu Zakariyya: Physicians under the Mamluks

Mamluk Jerusalem: An Architectural Study

From the middle of the 13th century to 1517 AD, Jerusalem was ruled by the Mamluk Sultans. This book records the magnificience of design and the skill of the craftsmen of the time. The first part presents historical details on the Mamluk State and Jerusalem under its rule, discusses methods and materials of construction and decoration, and gives suggestions for the care and conservation of the buildings. The second part presents, with numerous photographs and architectural drawings, a catalogue of all the buildings from this period.

The Red Tower (al-Burj al-Ahmar): Settlement in the Plain of Sharon at the Time of the Crusaders and Mamluks, A.D. 1099-1516. Denys Pringle

<i>The Red Tower (al-Burj al-Ahmar): Settlement in the Plain of Sharon at the Time of the Crusaders and Mamluks, A.D. 1099-1516</i>. Denys Pringle

The Red Tower: Settlement in the Plain of Sharon at the Time of the Crusaders and Mamluks

The Red Tower: Settlement in the Plain of Sharon at the Time of the Crusaders and Mamluks

Qur'ans of the Mamluks

Qur'ans of the Mamluks