German Males Research Articles

Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors in the city of Bremen — The 1984 Bremen baseline health survey of the German Cardiovascular Prevention Study

Both an introduction to the 1984 Bremen baseline health survey of the German Cardiovascular Prevention Study and preliminary results therefrom regarding the prevalence of the classical cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (high blood pressure, smoking, hypercholesterolemia and overweight) are presented here. German males and females, 25–69 years of age and resident in Bremen-North and Bremen-West comprised the study population. Of these, about one in five were hypertensive, 40% were smokers, around one-third possessed too high levels of serum cholesterol and 60% were overweight (circa 20% were severely overweight). Males and younger persons smoked more. The prevalence of hypertension, hyper-cholesterolemia and overweight were similar for the two sexes overall; however, these rates were shown higher among males than females at younger ages, while the opposite was true at older ages. The increase in prevalence of high blood pressure, hypercholes-terolemia and overweight with age, more conspicuous among females, was also noted. Bremen appears to be at higher CVD risk than other German-speaking communities.

Relation of Family Climate Variables to Locus of Control in German and American Students

Summary To investigate the relations between family ecological variables and locus of control orientation, Family Environment and locus of control scales were completed by 12 and 18-year-old German (n = 322) and American (n = 403) males and females. Fifty-seven out of a possible 64 relations were in directions predicted from theoretical supposition and previous related empirical data. Of these, 36 reached significance, suggesting that there are some stable ecological family variables related to locus of control orientation across sex, culture, and age. The authors suggest that these relations should be primary candidates for future research leading to family intervention.

Lower-class sexuality: Some emotional and social aspects in West German males and females

Emotional and social aspects of lower-class sexuality in West Germany are examined on the basis of results of interviews with 150 male and 150 female, single, 20-21-year-old, unskilled or semi-skilled workers from six large cities. Particular attention was given to the relation between sexuality and love, the significance of fidelity and virginity, partner mobility, mutuality of sexual relations, attitudes to marriage and family, double standards and gender roles, emotional reactions to coitus, as well as the experience of orgasm in the female. A comparison between American and Scandinavian patterns of lower-class sexuality shows that the West German pattern is largely congruent with the Scandinavian pattern.

The incidence of some inherited EEG variants in normal Japanese and German males.

A sample of 3372 apparently healthy Japanese males was compared with a similar sample of 4622 Germans as to the incidence of some genetically determined variants of the normal electroencephalogram. The following variants were examined: Low voltage EEG (typical and borderline); monotonous α-waves; 4–5/sec rhythm; occipital continuous slow β-waves (α-variants); fronto-precentral β-groups; diffuse β-waves. Fronto-precentral β-groups seemed to be somewhat rarer in Japanese than in Germans. This could possibly be due to technical differences. As to the other variants, incidence was found to be very similar in both race groups.