Dryopteris Filix-mas Research Articles

Unlocking the power of Dryopteris filix mas extract: A green solution for corrosion inhibition in A210Gr carbon steel in acidified 3% wt. NaCl environment

This study investigates the corrosion inhibition effectiveness of Dryopteris filix-mas L. (DFM) extract for A210Gr carbon steel in a 3 % NaCl solution. The DFM ethanolic extract was successfully prepared and comprehensively characterized using a combination of spectroscopic and physicochemical techniques, including HPLC, FTIR, and NMR (1H and 13C). These analyses confirmed the presence of key phenolic compounds, with Quercetin-3-O-diglucoside (Q3ODG) being the major component, comprising 82.14 % peak area as identified by HPLC. The extract, obtained via an economical ethanol extraction method, exhibited a maximum inhibition efficiency up to 88 % at a concentration of 400 ppm, as determined through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), open circuit potential (OCP), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), and weight loss measurements. Temperature studies revealed a drop in efficiency to 70.14 % at 323 K, indicating a temperature-sensitive inhibition mechanism. Extended immersion times led to a slight decrease in efficiency due to partial desorption, though significant protection remained after 72 h. The primary corrosion inhibition mechanism was determined to be physisorption, following the Langmuir isotherm model, with a ΔGads0 value of − 24.02 kJ/mol, indicating a spontaneous adsorption process. Thermodynamic analysis revealed an increase in Ea from 22.11 kJ/mol (blank) to 56.61 kJ/mol (400 ppm), confirming the formation of a strong protective barrier. Surface characterization techniques, including FTIR, XRD, SEM, and AFM, further confirmed the presence of a protective film rich in polar organic compounds. Complementary Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) studies provided detailed insights into the molecular interactions, highlighting the key role of hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces in the adsorption of Q3ODG onto the steel surface. These findings underscore the potential of DFM extract as an effective and sustainable corrosion inhibitor, advancing the application of biocompounds in corrosion control and encouraging further exploration of their industrial applications and environmental benefits.

Phytotoxicity, cytogenotoxicity and antimicrobial potential of extracts with gold-silver bimetallic nanoparticles obtained from pteridophyte spores

Investigating the toxicity of naturally occurring or synthesized nanoparticles for various applications is absolutely necessary for environmental protection and safety use. The aim of these research was to investigated the phytotoxicity, cytogenotoxicity and antibacterial potential of the extracts with gold-silver bimetallic nanoparticles (Au-Ag NPs) obtained from green synthesis in Asplenium scolopendrium L. and Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott spores extracts. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the Au-Ag NPs phytosynthesis based on extracts obtained from fern spores. UV-Vis spectroscopy analysis of the samples revealed the maximum absorbance, characteristic of samples with bimetallic nanoparticles, which varied depending on the Au:Ag ratio. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed the presence and distribution of Au, Ag and other chemical elements. The presence of specific secondary metabolites in the extracts that helped in NPs biosynthesis stimulated growth processes. Good results were recorded for some Dryopteris filix-mas samples, correlated with a significantly increased mitotic index. Cell viability decreased significantly in three of the nanoformulations. Only extracts with Au-Ag NPs showed antimicrobial effect against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 and Escherichia coli ATCC 8739. The testing of the antibacterial potential of these extracts must be extended to other bacterial strains and other microorganisms, the search of new antimicrobial resources being an urgent necessity nowadays.

Assessment of the prospects for using pharmacopoeial plants of the Trans-Baikal territory

The work represents a preliminary stage of resource studies of the Daurian part of the Trans-Baikal Territory. The XIVth edition of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (2018) includes 102 species of medicinal plants, of which 30 species are found in the Trans-Baikal Territory. Using methods of approximate evaluation of the stocks of medicinal raw materials, we tentatively divided pharmacopeial species into three utilization groups: ten species can be harvested for the needs of the regional pharmacies, eight species can be collected for domestic use by local population, and only five widespread species (Pinus sylvestris L., Betula pendula Roth, Padus avium Mill., Vaccinium vitis-idaea L., Ledum palustre L.) can be used as a resource for the chemical and pharmaceutical industry of the Russian Federation. The remaining species Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Sprengel, Vaccinium myrtillus L., Carum carvi L., Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott are found in sporadic locations, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., Rhodiola rosea L., Convallaria keiskei Miq. is included in the 2017 Red Data Book of the Trans-Baikal Territory. Harvesting of these species is prohibited. It has been established that for the resource studies the most promising are 15 medicinal plant species, and the most promising locations are Yablonovay Range and Argun Dauria floristic regions due to the greatest diversity of pharmacopoeial medicinal plants there.

Ecological factors affecting minerals and nutritional quality of "Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott": an underutilized wild leafy vegetable in rural communities.

Dryopteris filix-mas (hereafter D. filix-mas), a wild leafy vegetable, has gained popularity among high mountain residents in the Hindukush-Himalaya region due to its exceptional nutritional profile, and their commercial cultivation also offers viable income alternatives. Nevertheless, besides phytochemicals with medicinal applications, ecological factors strongly affect their mineral contents and nutritional composition. Despite this, little has been known about how this wild fern, growing in heterogeneous ecological habitats with varying soil physiochemical properties and coexisting species, produces fronds with optimal mineral and nutritional properties. Given its nutritional and commercial significance, we investigated how geospatial, topographic, soil physiochemical characteristics and coexisting plants influence this widely consumed fern's mineral and nutrient content. We collected soil, unripe fern fronds, and associated vegetation from 27 D. filix-mas populations in Swat, NW Pakistan, and were analyzed conjointly with cluster analysis and ordination. We found that the fronds from sandy-loam soils at middle elevation zones exhibited higher nitrogen contents (9.17%), followed by crude fibers (8.62%) and fats (8.09%). In contrast, juvenile fronds from the lower and high elevation zones had lower moisture (1.26%) and ash (1.59%) contents, along with fewer micronutrients such as calcium (0.14-0.16%), magnesium (0.18-0.21%), potassium (0.72-0.81%), and zinc (12% mg/kg). Our findings indicated the fern preference for middle elevation zones with high organic matter and acidic to neutral soil (pH ≥ 6.99) for retaining higher nutritional contents. Key environmental factors emerged from RDA analysis, including elevation (r = -0.42), aspect (r = 0.52), P-3 (r = 0.38), K+ (r = 0.41), EC (r = 0.42), available water (r = -0.42), and field capacity (r = -0.36), significantly impacting fern frond's mineral accumulation and nutrient quality enhancement. Furthermore, coexisting plant species (r = 0.36) alongside D. filix-mas played a pivotal role in improving its mineral and nutritional quality. These findings shed light on the nutritional potential of D. filix-mas, which could help address malnutrition amidst future scarcity induced by changing climates. However, the prevalent environmental factors highlighted must be considered if the goal is to cultivate this fern on marginal lands for commercial exploitation with high mineral and nutrient yields in Hindukush-Himalaya.

Notes on Egyptian Plant Names in Pseudo-Dioscorides

Among the many phytonyms transmitted in the manuscript branch R of Dioscorides’ De materia medica, 149 names can be found which are marked as Egyptian. With only a few exceptions (e.g. αἷμα ὄνου ‘male fern’), almost all seem to be of foreign origin. The paper presents, on the one hand, the history of research in this field, and on the other, sheds new light on several glosses. Particular attention is paid to plant names for which some Egyptian or Coptic equivalents can be found.

ÇOCUK HASTALIKLARINDA GELENEKSEL OLARAK KULLANILAN BAZI BİTKİLER

Objective: Different types of pediatric diseases negatively affect the lives of many people, physically. Here, we aimed to document some medicinal plants used as traditional folk medicine in pediatrics treatment. Result and Discussion: 117 taxa and 53 families have been identified as traditional herbal medicines used in defined pediatric diseases. The most frequently used medicinal plant species according to the number of citations Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Juglans regia L., Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott, Rosa canina L., Mentha x piperita L., Matricaria chamomilla L. All findings are expected to form the basis for new pharmaceutical products and become a handbook for healthcare professionals.

Thermal and molecular characteristics of novel water-soluble polysaccharide from the Pteridium aquilinum and Dryopteris filix-mas

Novel water-soluble complex polysaccharides (CPS) were obtained from Pteridium aquilinum and Dryopteris filix-mas. The yield of CPS was determined to be 4.161%-5.677%. As a result of the physicochemical composition, the CPS contained 12.10–13.65% moisture, 1.983–2.686% protein, 0.123–0.916% lipids and 12.06–21.52% ash. In HPLC analysis, sugar components of the samples (glucose+fructose+saccharose+maltose+lactose) ranged between 35.85–40.98%. Peaks of the fingerprint region specific for polysaccharides were identified during FT-IR analysis. DSC analysis showed that the glassy transition temperature of the DFR sample was higher than in the other three samples. A double cold crystallization peak was detected in all samples. During TGA analysis, the CPS samples exhibited a small amount of mass loss (1.2–1.85%) between 0 and 100 °C, and the DTGmax.p1 region continued up to 215–230 °C. These findings indicate that the four types of polysaccharides have excellent thermal stability (up to 230 °C) and are applicable to high-temperature food processing.

Four new species of aphids (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Aphididae) for the Hungarian fauna

Three native and an alien species of aphids are reported from Hungary for the first time. Aphis (Aphis) parietariae Theobald, 1923 was collected from Parietaria officinalis L., Amphorophora (Amphorophora) ampullata Buckton, 1876 from Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott, while Staticobium gmelini Bozhko, 1950 from Limonium gmelini subsp. hungaricum (Klokov) Soó. The alien Impatientinum (Impatientinum) balsamines (Kaltenbach, 1862) was collected from the invasive weed Impatiens parviflora DC. Distinctive morphological and biological characteristics of already known Hungarian specimens of Impatientinum (Impatientinum) asiaticum Nevsky, 1929 and Staticobium latifoliae (Bozhko, 1950) are given in the text. These are the first Hungarian aphid records from male fern and from pellitory-of-the-wall.

(2957) Proposal to conserve the name Dryopteris affinis (Lowe) Fraser‐Jenk. against D. affinis Kinahan (Pteridophyta: Dryopteridaceae)

(2957) Proposal to conserve the name <i>Dryopteris affinis</i> (Lowe) <scp>Fraser‐Jenk</scp>. against <i>D. affinis</i> Kinahan (<i>Pteridophyta</i>: <i>Dryopteridaceae</i>)

Effects of methanol leaf extract of Dryopteris filix-mas on catalase activity and malondialdehyde levels in the brain of adult male Wistar rats

This study was carried out to determine the effect of methanol leaf extract of Dryopteris filix-mas on catalase (an antioxidant) activity and malondialdehyde (an oxidative stress marker) levels in brain of wistar rats. Methanol extract of Dryopteris filix-mas was prepared by Soxhlet extraction. Twenty (20) adults male wistar rats were used for this study. The animals were grouped into four groups; 1 (normal control); 2 (administered 100mg/kg of Dryopteris filix methanol leaf extract) and 3 (administered 250mg/kg of Dryopteris filix methanol leaf extract); 4 (Administered 500mg/kg of Dryopteris filix methanol leaf extract). The rats were so treated and after 21 days, were sacrificed. The brain of the rats was harvested and used to prepare brain tissue homogenates for the biochemical assay of catalase and MDA using standard procedures. Results obtained show that the varying doses of the plant extract caused a dose dependent increase in catalase activity when compared to the control group. However, the increases were found to be statistically insignificant (p&gt;0.05). Administration of 100mg/kg of the plant extract slightly decreased MDA level, while 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg slightly increased MDA levels in brain of the experimental animals after the 21days treatment period when compared to the control group. However, these observed changes in MDA levels were found to be statistically insignificant (p&gt;0.05). The results of this study shows that the different doses of the plant extract did not cause significant oxidative damage to the brain of the experimental animals.&#x0D;

Pharmacopeial plants in flora of Zabaikalsky Kray

The work represents a preliminary stage of resource research for the Daurian part of Zabaikalsky kray. The XIV edition of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (2018) includes 102 species of medicinal plants, of which 30 species are found in Zabaikalsky kray. Using the method of tentative estimation of the stocks of medicinal raw materials, we preliminarily divided pharmacopeial species into three groups. Raw materials of ten species can be harvested for the needs of the regional pharmacy network, eight species can be used for personal needs of the local population and only five widespread species (Pinus sylvestris, Betula pendula, Padus avium, Vacciniumvitis-idaea, Ledum palustre) can be a resource for the chemical and pharmaceutical industry of the Russian Federation. The remaining species Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Vaccinium myrtillus, Carum carvi, Dryopteris filix-mas have single localities, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Rhodiola rosea, Convallaria keiskei included in the Red Book of the Trans-Baikal Territory (2017). Harvesting of these species is prohibited. It has been established that 15 species of medicinal plants are the most promising in terms of resource studies, and Dauria Yablonovaya and Dauria Argunskaya are the most promising territories for resource studies due to the greatest species diversity of pharmacopoeial medicinal plants in them.

Grapevine Plants Management Using Natural Extracts and Phytosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles.

Starting from the well-known antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles, the goal of this study is to evaluate the influence of two "green" recipes, namely an alcoholic extract of Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott and a dispersion of silver nanoparticles phytosynthesized using the extract on grapevine pathogens. The influence of some grapevine parameters (pith/wood rapport, soluble sugars, starch, total sugars, total water content, length of young shoots, number of grapes) in field experiments was also studied. The study was conducted on four clones (Feteasca alba 97 St., Feteasca neagra 6 St., Feteasca regala 72 St., and Cabernet Sauvignon 131 St.) located in vegetation pots inside a greenhouse. For the phytosynthesis of the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) we used a scaled-up technology, allowing us to obtain large quantities of nanoparticles-containing solution. The AgNPs analysis by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the synthesis of spherical and quasi-spherical nanoparticles of 17 nm average diameter and 6.72 nm crystallite size. The field experiments registered different responses of the four clones to the treatment, using both the natural extracts and phytosynthesized nanoparticles solution. Both recipes exhibited a protective effect against the Uncinula necator pathogen. For the treatment using phytosynthesized nanoparticles, significant increases in the pith/wood ratio for white wine clones (Feteasca alba 97 St. and Feteasca regala 72 St.) were observed. The biochemical analyses revealed other significant increases of soluble sugars (red wine clones-Feteasca neagra and Cabernet Sauvignon/second year), starch (Feteasca alba and Cabernet Sauvignon in 2021 for both clones), total sugars (Feteasca alba and Feteasca neagra in 2021 for both clones), and of total water content (Feteasca alba and Feteasca neagra in 2021 for both clones), respectively. The applied treatments also led to an increase of young shoots length and grape numbers for all clones as compared to the control (chemical pesticide), which would suggest a potential biostimulant effect of the recipes.

Evaluation of anthelmintic activity of dryopteris filix-mas using earthworm

Evaluation of anthelmintic activity of a leaves extracts of Dryopteris filix-mas against earthworm with Preliminary work as physical characteristics. Finally extraction of defatted Dryopteris filix-mas extract was done with hydro-alcoholic solvent and % yield was found to be 6.55% w/w and their characteristics are reported. Results obtained from qualitative chemical tests are tabulated. Total alkaloid content was calculated as atropine equivalent mg/100 mg using the equation based on the calibration curve: Y=0.007X+ 0.007, R2=0.999, where X is the Atropine equivalent (AE) and Y is the absorbance. Total phenol content was expressed as mg/100 mg of gallic acid equivalent of dry extract sample using the equation obtained from the calibration curve: Y = 0.017X+0.017, R2= 0.998, where X is the gallic acid equivalent (GAE) and Y is the absorbance. The present findings indicated that the usefulness of the hydroalcoholic extract of leaves of Dryopteris filix-mas in earthworm. This study suggested, hydroalcoholic extract of leaves of Dryopteris filix-mas dose- dependently produced anthelmintic activity.

Plant selection for roadside rain gardens in cold climates using real-scale studies of thirty-one herbaceous perennials

Plant selection for rain gardens along streets and roads in cold climates can be complicated, as the plants are subjected to combined stresses including periodic inundation, de-icing salts, road dust, splashes of water from the road, freezing and thawing of soil, and periods with ice cover during the winter. The purpose of this study was to identify species suited to grow in these conditions and determine their optimal placement within roadside rain gardens. Thirty-one herbaceous perennial species and cultivars were planted in real-scale rain gardens in a street in Drammen (Norway) with supplemental irrigation, and their progress was recorded during the following three growing seasons. The study highlights considerable differences between species’ adaptation to roadside rain gardens in cold climates, especially closest to the road. Some candidate species/cultivars had a high survival rate in all rain garden positions and were developed well. These were: Amsonia tabernaemontana, Baptisia australis, Calamagrostis × acutiflora ‘Overdam’, Hemerocallis ‘Camden Gold Dollar’, Hemerocallis ‘Sovereign’, Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus, Hosta ‘Sum & Substance’, Iris pseudacorus and Liatris spicata ‘Floristan Weiss’. Other species/cultivars appeared to adapt only to certain parts of the rain garden or had medium tolerance. These were: Calamagrostis brachytricha, Carex muskingumensis, Eurybia × herveyi ‘Twilight’, Hakonechloa macra, Hosta ‘Francee’, Hosta ‘Striptease’, Liatris spicata ‘Alba’, Lythrum salicaria ‘Ziegeunerblut’, Molinia caerulea ‘Moorhexe’, Molinia caerulea ‘Overdam’, and Sesleria autumnalis. Species/cultivars that showed high mortality and poor development at all rain garden positions should be avoided in roadside cold climate rain gardens. These include Amsonia orientalis, Aster incisus ‘Madiva’, Astilbe chinensis var. tacquettii ‘Purpurlanze’, Chelone obliqua, Dryopteris filix-mas, Eurybia divaricata, Geranium ‘Rozanne’, Helenium ‘Pumilum Magnificum’, Luzula sylvatica, Polygonatum multiflorum and Veronicastrum virginicum ‘Apollo’. The study also found considerable differences between cultivars within the same species, especially for Hosta cvv. and Liatris spicata. Further investigations are needed to identify the cultivars with the best adaption to roadside rain gardens in cold climates.

EKSPLORASI KERAGAMAN DAN KAJIAN TAKSONOMI PTERIDOPHYTA SEBAGAI POTENSI EKOWISATA DI KAWASAN PUNCAK DULAMAYO KABUPATEN GORONTALO

English translation. This study aims to find out the diversity of pteridophyta species and their taxonomic studies based on morphological character and analysis of Pteridophyta phenetic relationships in the peak area of Dulamayo Gorontalo Regency through exploration and interview methods. Exploration was conducted to obtain species diversity data and taxonomic data of pteridophyta by identifying and recording all morphological characteristics of pteridophyta (Rhizome, Ptiolus and Lamina) found at the research site. Further identification of the micromorphological character of pteridophyta (Scales and Trioma) was carried out at the Laboratory of Botany Of Biology Faculty of MIPA Gorontalo State University. Determination of pteridophyta diversity index using Sahon Wiener formula while phenetic relationship data is analyzed using gower General Similarity Coefficient formula on MVSP softwere. Based on the results of the study obtained 13 species of nail plants that have morphological character variations with a diversity index of H'= 1,087 which fall into the moderate category, namely species Asplenium trichomane, Phymatosorus scolopendria, Christella parasitica and Nephrolepis cordifolia found in kawsan waterfall UPSA, species Sphaerostephanos unitus, Dicksonia circutaria, Balantium antarcticum, Polybotrya alfredii, Pneumatopteris costata, Dryopteris filix-mas, Cyathea arborea, Nephrolepis biserrate and Sellaginella willdenowii are found in the Arboretum. The genetic distance obtained from the analysis of kinship relationships with the phenotic method is at a coefficient of 66% (0.69) which divides into two main clusters based on morphological character similarities.

Contributions to the chorological study of some ferns in the Republic of Moldova

The article presents a synthesis of research on the chorology of some fern species on the territory of the Republic of Moldova. The Phylum Fern (lat. Polypodiophyta) includes the oldest higher plants, and nationally, the species Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott and Athyrium filix femina (L.) Roth. are considered rare ferns, included in the Red Book of the Republic of Moldova (2015), the category of vulnerable plants (VU), which fully feel the negative impact of natural and anthropogenic factors. The current environmental changes, including climate change, also felt on the territory of the Republic of Moldova, require mapping the spatial distribution of native species and tracing future trend in their chorology under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors. The spatial distribution of the species targeted in the study based on the use of modern research methods, with the use of Geographic Information Systems, the species spatially distributed depending on the description of their location in the bibliographic sources.

CHARACTERIZATION IN TERMS OF COMPOSITION AND PHYTOTOXICITY OF AQUEOUS SPORES EXTRACT

In this study, we used aqueous extracts of fern spores and solution of AgNO3 and HAuCl4 for the synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles Au:Ag in different proportions: 1:1 and 1:10. The spores used come from 2 species of ferns: Asplenium scolopendrium and Dryopteris filix-mas. For the characterization of the extracts with or without bimetallic nanoparticles we applied Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Phytotoxicity was tested using Pisum sativum seeds. Each extract was tested in 2 dilutions: 1:10 (D10) and 1:100 (D100). The parameters, which we determinate were the root and stem growth and fresh biomass. Root growth was stimulated in variants with Asplenium scolopendrium extract: without nanoparticles both dilution and with Au:Ag nanoparticles 1:10 D10. The highest values obtained for the stem were at D10 at the variants with Asplenium scolopendrium extract with or without bimetallic nanoparticles. The influence of extracts on fresh biomass was smaller than on the growth of root and stem.

ECOLOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL SPECIFICS OF SOIL AND PLANT COVERING OF URBAN LANDSCAPES (IN THE TOWN OF BROVARY AS AN EXAMPLE)

The results of the pollutants content research in urbanized landscapes soils of Ukraine (on the example of Brovary city, Kyiv region) were shown. The total and mobile contents data of chemical elements (Ni, Co, Zn, V, Pb, Cr, Cu) were obtained and analyzed using the methods of landscape-geochemical studies, analytical and statistical methods. The dependences of the vegetation resistance in cities to the level of soil cover contamination and the degree of heavy metals income have been established. The geochemical characteristics (such as the value of the accumulation coefficients; concentration of soil and vegetation cover; index of biogeochemical activity of the species within Brovary city) were analyzed.&#x0D; Throughout most of the city territory, the level of soil contamination is above average. Soils are characterized by the following association of heavy metals: Cu&gt; Pb&gt; Zn&gt; Co&gt; Cr&gt; V&gt; Mo&gt; Mn&gt; Ni. The dominant association is distributed heterogeneous throughout the city, forming geochemical anomalies depending on the source of contamination. The maximum technogenic load was recorded in urban soils areas within zones of transport infrastructure, production and communal-warehouse facilities.Woody vegetation is the most actively absorbed copper, manganese from the soil, and the least intensively absorbed chromium, vanadium and nickel. The biogeochemical activity coefficient of the research species is the following: Acer platanoides - 7,26, Betula pendula Roth. - 7,07, and Populus deltoides - 7,05, Pínus sylvestris - 1.32 and Alnus incana - 3.37. The biological absorption coefficients of manganese and copper are high because these metals have the ability to form strong complexes with organic matter. Biological absorption coefficients of vanadium and chromium is low for the researched plant species because these chemical elements are immobile in soils.&#x0D; For the city of Brovary, the presence of polyelemental contamination of soil and vegetation has been established. According to the indicators of the gross content of VM, the main pollutants are Cu, Zn, Pb and Mn. Concentrations of gross and mobile forms of VM exceed background values ​​and maximum concentration limits in 17-28 times. The maximum of man-caused load was recorded in the urban soils of the transport infrastructure zone and the zone of production and communal-warehouse facilities.&#x0D; Regularities of formation of elemental composition of plants of urban areas undergo significant changes in comparison with natural conditions, which is due to the strengthening of the role of foliar absorption of pollutants from the air and their high content in soils. The greatest ability to bioaccumulate has a male thyroid (Dryopteris filix-mas Schott) and birch (Convolvulus arvensis). The highest coefficient of biogeochemical activity of the studied species is Acer platanoides - 7.26, hanging birch (Betula pendula Roth.) - 7.07 and Canadian poplar (Populus deltoides) - 7.05, the lowest - Scots pine (Pínus sylvеstris ) - 1.32 and gray alder (Alnus incana) - 3.37. Weakly and very weakly, most of the studied plant species capture vanadium and chromium, which are relatively sedentary in the soil.&#x0D; Further research is needed to analyze the physicochemical parameters of soils, the coefficients of transition of metals to plants relative to their content in organic and mobile form in order to establish the relationships that characterize the process of translocation of chemical elements.&#x0D; Keywords: landscape-geochemical conditions, heavy metals, soils, vegetation.

Vascular plants– phyto-indicators of geoactive zones in mountains and plains

The research was conducted in the Perm Region. Geo-structural analysis, phyto-indication, and biolocationwere used. Prior to this, forest ecosystems were studied by classical methods, in which it was found that the combinedinfluence of the density of microcenosis and the tree genotype determines the size of trees by only 40 %. It follows that 60%of the factors that determine the size of trees in different phytocenotic and soil conditions remain unknown. Therefore,we then began to study small geoactive zones (MGA-zones) with the hypothesis that they are related to the “small ringstructures of loose deposits of the earth’s crust” by Yu. I. Fivensky. Favorable MGA zones with a size of 1.0-3.0 m are foundwith a frequency of 220-250 pcs./ha and the pine tree is preserved 39 times better, increases the trunk volume by 46 %,forms 200-year-old forests, and its large trees are their indicators. Networks of them can be used as an energy frameworkand, for example, in a forest nursery, their energy in the conditions of cold spring increased the germination of spruceseeds by 7 times. Apparently, the forest species evolved using the energies of these zones; in any case, all the tree species westudied significantly increased their longevity and size. It shows promising sites with structures of Yu. I. Fivensky, whererings of hellebore (Verátrum lobeliánum Bernh.), fern (Dryopteris filix mas L.), and the highest trees of Siberian spruce(Picea obovate Leded) were previously discovered for the first time.) and Siberian cedar pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour).

Testing The Effectiveness Of Biological Herbicide In Coffee Plantations In Various Agro-ecological Conditions

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of biological herbicide formulas on smallholder coffee plantations in various agro-ecological conditions, namely smallholder coffee fields in the medium plains and plateau. The study concluded that the weeds found in the medium plains coffee fields were 17 species. The dominant weeds were Cynodon dactilon 38.1%, Asystasia gangetica 19.3%, Ageratum conyzoides 10%, Borreria latifolia 5.4%, Acmella paniculata 3.3%, and Clydemia hirta 3.3%. These six types of weeds dominate the land at 79.4%. Meanwhile, in the plateau, there were 20 types of weeds. The dominant weeds were Brachiaria ramosa 17.8%, Synedrella nodiflora 10.4%, Digitaria cyliaris 8.7%, Mikania micrantha, 8.7%, Brachiaria setigera 8.5%, Dryopteris filixmas 7.8%, Ottochloa nodosa. 5.7%, Hyptis rhomboidea 4.3%, Brachiaria reptans 3.9%, and Clidemia hirta 3.5%. These ten types of weeds dominate the land for 79.3%. Herbicides formulated Unihaz 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 were effective in controlling weeds in smallholder coffee plantations, both in the medium plains and plateau.