Malaysian Muslim Research Articles

Hibah As A Way of Islamic Wealth Management

Islamic wealth management is one of the most indispensable fields that every people should be aware of especially among the Muslims in Malaysia. There are many Islamic wealth instruments suggested in Islam such as faraid, wasiyyah and also hibah. This paper attempted to discuss on several contemporary issues with regards to the implementation of hibah in Malaysia by analysing literature reviews provided by previous researchers on the matter. This is relevant where hibah is becoming one of the major Islamic wealth management tools being used among the Muslims in Malaysia and several issues arise which triggered the need to address this matter. This concept paper tried to analyse the issues arise from different perspective provided by previous researchers. Results from the literature analysing found that several issues need to be solved to improve the current hibah implementation in Malaysia such as lack of hibah awareness, the similarity between hibah trust and conventional living trust, the absence of uniform law on hibah procedure and many more. Hence, this concept paper contributed towards addressing the Islamic wealth management issue as in hibah where it may help as a guide for future researches.

Analisis Pemakaian Hadith Daif Dalam Penetapan Hukum Syarak Menurut Mazhab Shāfiʿī

This article discusses weak hadith and its requirement for the use of rule determination of Islamic law according to Shāfiʿī school. This current study objectively provides the insights for Muslims in Malaysia relating to the methods of weak hadith’s application by Shāfiʿī school. Therefore, Malay tradition could be signified on whether it is abided or not to the rule of the school. Document research method is solely used in this study by referring to the previous works, theses and related journals. The findings reported in this paper highlighted that Shāfiʿī school does not apply weak hadith in establishing the rule of Islamic law, except as a precaution to avoid makruh conducts. Thus, if the hadith is supported by way of mutābaʿāt and shawāhid, ijmak, qiyas, and the practice of the companions of the prophet, it can be used as an argument in the rule establishment. Pertaining to faḍā’il al-ʿamal issue, it has been initiated that Shāfiʿī school has not only use weak hadith in stating reward and sin, it also used in establishing the rule of istiḥbāb. Hence, weak hadith could not specify the certain guide of an ibadah.

Qualitative Study in Identifying Reason that Motivate Malaysian Muslims in Writing Wasiyyah

While there has been increasing research interest in the Islamic estate planning areas, few studies have yielded detailed insights into the views and factors which motivate consumer in patronising wasiyyah. The qualitative research describes in this paper aimed to explore the views of Malaysian Muslims towards wasiyyah and to identify the reason that motivate Muslims in writing wasiyyah services in Malaysia. The study was framed by using the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) approach. This enabled us to examine the factors of motivation in two ways: intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation. The research participants for the current study were recruited on the basis of a consumer who has made wasiyyah in any institutions in Malaysia. Data analysis was undertaken using a framework approach and was informed by SDT. Consumers’ intrinsic motivation has been identified into three items: interest, religion, and family. Meanwhile, consumers’ extrinsic motivation also come out with three items: future rewards, awareness, and financial management. All these factors are the main thing that should be focused among marketers to come out with better strategies to increase more Muslims in writing wasiyyah as well as to avoid rising inward in frozen assets. Therefore, more research is required to examine how to raise awareness of Malaysian Muslims on the importance of wasiyyah.

Religiosity and Muslims’ intention to visit homestays: the mediating role of attitude

Purpose: This study aims to examine the influence of religiosity and attitude on the Malaysian Muslims’ intention to visit homestays in Sabah. Also, attitude is tested as a mediator in the hypothesized relationship. Research Methodology: A quantitative cross-sectional approach was applied to gather data from a sample of 251 Malaysian Muslims, and a convenience sampling method is employed to collect data for the study. Data collected were analysed using SmartPLS 3.3.2.9 software. Results: The findings indicate that religiosity and attitude significantly influence the Malaysian Muslims’ intention to visit homestays in Sabah. Additionally, the relationship between religiosity and the Muslims’ intention to visit the homestays are mediated by attitude. Limitations: The scope of the study is limited to Malaysian Muslims’ intention to visit homestays in Sabah only. Contribution: The study provides empirical evidence for the individual factor that attitude significantly mediated the linkage between Muslim’s religiosity and their intention to visit homestays. As for practical implication, the study’s findings should instigate the improving and enhancing of the homestays’ services in Malaysia according to the Islamic principles in the future. Keywords: Muslims, Intention, Attitude, Religiosity, Homestay visit

Halal Food Facilities in Japan from The Perspective of Malaysian Muslim Tourists

In addition to being a popular destination for tourists worldwide, Japan is getting high marks for its efforts to become a halal-friendly tourist destination. Halal or Islamic tourism is a market segment that is fast growing not only in Muslim countries but globally due to the rapid growth of the Muslim population. Japan is at the top of the list of countries that increase their hospitality to Muslim customers. The purpose of this study is to investigate the perspective of Malaysian Muslims tourists towards halal food facilities based on their experience of a visit to Japan. Surveys via the questionnaire are the method used for data collection. The outcome of the study shows that respondents are very concerned about the halal status of food due to their understanding of the concept of halal food. Therefore, most of them only choose food that is believed to be permitted especially those with halal logo. Halal food is relatively easy to get at the airport and major tourist attractions. The presence of Muslim workers in halal premises adds to their confidence in the halal food provided. In terms of cost, respondents are less satisfied because the cost of halal food is relatively expensive.

Muslim Female Healthcare Personnel Dress Code: A Proposed Guideline

Introduction: The struggle of Muslim women to comply with Islamic teaching while working in the healthcare sector has been a long-standing issue. Following the case of a Muslim nurse who was allegedly fired for non-adherence to the short-sleeve uniform rule, the Malaysian Muslim Consumers Association highlighted the need for a uniform guideline to prevent similar instances. Yet, no guideline has been issued to date. Materials and Methods: This conceptual study employed library research method to gather relevant materials. Library research was able to retrieve guidelines from seven Muslim-minority countries but none from Muslim-majority countries. Document analysis of the materials gathered was undertaken. The different guidelines were compared, with special reference to awrah-related issues. Results: Several major issues that healthcare personnel dress code considers are the safety, health, cleanliness, and comfort for both patients and healthcare personnel. Islamic dressing requirement is not only in line with clinical practice but Islam also highly promotes maintenance of safety, health, cleanliness, and comfort. The widely adopted ‘bare below the elbows (BBE) policy is the only practice that may contradict Islamic rules. However, some healthcare institutions in Muslim-minority countries allow modifications of uniform rules on religious grounds; some of the modifications are not observed in Muslim-majority countries. When providing direct patient care that requires BBE, the use of disposable over-sleeves is a good alternative to adhere to both clinical and Islamic standards. Conclusion: Healthcare personnel dress code policy that is concordant to both clinical and Islamic standards is possible although it may require greater resources.

Studies on Ibn Khaldun by Muslim Scholars in Malaysia

Ibn Khaldun is undoubtedly a renowned figure in Malaysia’s Islamic context. His outstanding attributes have always been highlighted in numerous studies among Muslim scholars in Malaysia. Hence, this study aims to identify the previous studies on Ibn Khaldun by Malaysian Muslim scholars. This research is qualitative in nature and it deploys a text analysis method which focuses on studies by Muslim scholars in Malaysia from the year 2000 to 2018. The findings revealed that there are ninety studies from various forms of sources including journal articles, dissertations, theses, conference proceedings, chapters in book and books. This research is a qualitative research design. Document research method is used to gather the data related to Ibn Khaldun from various sources like books, theses, web pages, journals and related papers about Ibn Khaldun. The systematic literature review method is used to assess the studies that have been conducted about Ibn Khaldun. Content analysis method that is used in this research only focused on the studies that are conducted by Muslim scholars in Malaysia from the year of 2000 to 2018. Besides, there are five main research themes on Ibn Khaldun which are thoughts and civilization, thoughts and philosophy, education, economy, and politics. This research is deemed important in order to empower studies on Ibn Khaldun’s attributes which at the same time would contribute towards the expansion of his thoughts in Malaysia.

Factors Influencing of Malaysian Muslim Women Consumers in Choosing Non-Certified Halal Foreign Brand Makeup Products in Mid Valley Megamall Kuala Lumpur

Malaysia placed second among the top 10 of Halal Cosmetics country. Even though Malaysia is a halal hub, the awareness on halal products tends to be focusing on food products. In this millennial era, Malaysian Muslim women prefer foreign brand makeup products without halal certificate. Hence, this study attempts to identify factors influencing Malaysian Muslim Women Consumers towards choosing foreign brand makeup products and level of Halal understanding on choosing the products. It is significant because foreign brand makeup products are favoured by most of the consumers. Global brands seem to capture the developing countries consumers’ hearts because of the promised better standards of living and lifestyle. To begin with, a face -to- face interview has been conducted among 20 Malaysian Muslim Women consumer. The conversations were recorded and transcribed into a qualitative content analysis. Based on the findings, the factors influencing Malaysian Muslim Women in choosing foreign makeup products are divided into internal and external factors. Internal factors include quality, trust, loyalty, effectiveness, brand, price, safety, ingredients, confident and wide range of products while for the external factor is solely the influencer. While, the levels of halal awareness among Malaysian Muslim Women were categorized into basic, intermediate and advanced. This present work will be beneficial to the producer and manufacturer of halal market in promoting halal cosmetics to fulfil the demands especially for makeup products because Muslim consumers will purchase halal products if it is available in the market.Keywords: Halal Cosmetics, Makeup products, Malaysian Muslim Women, and Halal Beauty Industry

Buy Muslim-made first – does halal consciousness affect Muslims’ intention to purchase?

PurposeBuy Muslim’s First campaign started with the primary aim of urging the Muslim community to be more vigilant about halal or Shariah-compliant products, leading to a number of halal-related issues, triggered by the exploitation or misuse of the halal logo in Malaysia. The purpose of this study is to gain an understanding of the purchase intention for Muslim-made products by applying the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Halal consciousness was integrated as a moderating influence on the purchase intention of Muslim-made products.Design/methodology/approachData collection was performed through a self-administered questionnaire which was distributed through convenience sampling method. Therefore, a useful sample comprising 152 Malay Muslim participants aged over 18 was collected. For hypothesis testing, hierarchical multiple regression analysis was implemented.FindingsIt was found that the participants’ attitudes towards the purchase of Muslim-made products and their perceived behavioural control significantly influenced their purchase intention, but the subjective norm did not impact this intention. Furthermore, halal consciousness moderated the relationships among all the independent and dependent variables. Halal consciousness moderated the relationship between participants’ attitudes towards Muslim-made products and their perceived behavioural control towards the purchase intention; however, this moderation did not occur through the subjective norm and the purchase intention.Research limitations/implicationsAs the findings of this study were limited to the Muslim population in Malaysia, it might be difficult to generalize for other nations that have no similarities with the Malaysian Muslim culture.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study may support Muslims to implement more effective marketing strategies that attract the target customers to purchase Muslim-made products. Effective promotion may attract potential customers as well.Originality/valueThe halal consciousness among Muslim consumers is important for the moderation and prediction of consumers’ intention to purchase Muslim-made products.

Do different Halal certificates have different impacts on Muslims?

The Halal is one of the most essential concepts for Muslims and many associations worldwide issue Halal certificates of their own. We investigated in what ways Muslims treat different Halal certificates using instant coffee as an example. We can regard that if Muslims perceive different values for different Halal certificates, they regard Halal certificate more like a commercial certificate while if they perceive almost the same value, they regard the certificate as the religious certificate. We conducted a choice experiment to gather data in Malaysia and applied a conditional logit model. We supposed that there were packed instant coffees from the same company produced in 6 different countries (with/without Halal certificate logo of the produced country) and we compared their valuation for each Halal certificate. Our results showed that although Malaysian Muslims were not familiar with Halal certification logos other than Malaysia, they perceived almost the same values for Halal certificates from 6 different countries, indicating that they regarded different Halal certificates in the same way. This result implied that Muslims found the Halal concept as a religious concept and not as a commercial one.

Knowledge, attitude, perception of Muslim parents towards vaccination in Malaysia

ABSTRACT Malaysia is a predominant Muslim country and the recent surge in vaccine-preventable disease enticed us to conduct a survey to measure the Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of Muslim parents toward vaccination process. The data were collected under four segments such as demography, Knowledge, Attitude and Perception. The questionnaire had high internal consistency (0.823) for Cronbach’s alpha. The sociodemographic determinants such as marital status (OR = 1.12; 0.91–1.38;p < .05), education level (college OR = 1.35; 1.12–1.64;p < .05, secondary OR = 1.22; 1.01–1.47;p < .05) and the occupation of parents (OR = 1.25; 1.07–1.45;p < .05) were observed affecting the Knowledge score significantly. Majority of Malaysian Muslim parents believed that “vaccine is not prohibited in Islam” and most of them also rejected the belief that “all vaccines are non halal and hence should be avoided”. None of the sociodemographic determinants significantly affected the Attitude and Perception score of the Muslim parents. It was observed that the Attitude and Perception score did not establish any association with any of the socio-demographic determinants and hence the null hypothesis that Malaysian Muslim parents had positive Attitude and good Perception toward vaccination process was accepted.

The Impact of Buy Muslim First (BMF) Campaign to Young Muslim Consumer.

The Buy Muslim First (BMF) campaign has been going on since 2018 but is slow and inactive. In 2019, this campaign received the Attention of the Malaysian Muslim community, sparking awareness of the Muslim community. Because of emerging issues such as non-Muslims who were not respected Muslims on food production issues. Such as aspects of food preparation that were not consistent with the halal concept, including cleanliness and the quality guaranteed by Islam. The campaign that encourages Muslim buyers to prioritize the purchase of Muslim products, where Muslim traders will issue zakat and thereby develop the social economy of Muslims. This research is a quantitative study using descriptive and inferential approaches. The main objective of this research is to analyze the impact of BMF campaign on the purchasing behaviour of young Muslims. Using the Muslim consumer behaviour study model Based on 100 respondents representing the young group was selected to answer the questionnaire using the Likert scale method. Data from the questionnaire were analyzed using SPSS Multiple Regression tests, the result of F test is 6.595> value F. then the main findings of this study explain that there is the influence of BMF campaign on young Muslim users is 21.7% (based on R Square value). Four main aspects influence the behaviour of young buyers are Intention, Expenses, Religious Brotherhood and power in purchasing. All these aspects will have a direct impact on Muslim traders, it is hoped that there will be a continuation study to study these four aspects that have a significant impact on the behaviour of Muslim consumers

UNDERSTANDING QURANIC WORD OF KHIFTUM: A COMPARATIVE PERCEPTION ON POLYGAMY AMONG INDONESIAN AND MALAYSIAN SOCIETY

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare Indonesian and Malaysian Muslims in understanding the term of polygamy in Qur’an according to surah Annisa: 3 through their perspectives and perceptions of the word of khiftum.&#x0D; Methodology: This is a qualitative study which employs library material analysis with enrichment from questionnaire field observation and interview. Several material objects used such as Alwafi dictionary and Diwan dictionary. The difference in its meaning was analyzed by lexical decomposition. Field research was conducted in Indonesia and Malaysia. The impact of distinguishing between the words of khiftum meaning with polygamy’s theme in both countries compared and examined by descriptive statistics analysis.&#x0D; Main Findings: It was found that perception, the culture of context on polygamy and social views as well as legal policies of government on polygamy were influential in the translation of the word of khiftum in Qur’an.&#x0D; Applications: The significance of this research is to understand the correlation of different cultural backgrounds with people's insight into the related verses and people's responses to the practice of the verses.&#x0D; Novelty/Originality of this study: The current research contributes to the literature by providing in-depth knowledge about polygamy in two different cultures in light of the Quran and Islam. it will reveal the different meanings of the word of khafa, and describe the Malaysian and Indonesian Muslim points of view on the issue of polygamy as stipulated in Qur’an. The significance of this research is to understand the correlation of different cultural backgrounds with people's insight into the related verses and people's responses to the practice of the verses.

Malaysian Muslim investors’ behaviour towards the blockchain-based Bitcoin cryptocurrency market

PurposeThis study aims to examine the factors that could increase the investment in the Bitcoin market among Malaysian Muslim communities.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a survey questionnaire to collect data for a sample of 200 Muslim respondents in Malaysia. Subsequently, the collected data was analysed using structural equation modelling, as well as basic descriptive statistics and one sample test.FindingsThe findings showed that compatibility, awareness and facilitating conditions have a significant impact on Malaysian Muslim communities’ investment in the Bitcoin market.Originality/valueIt is worth emphasizing that this is one of the earliest studies that examine the Muslim communities’ perception and willingness to invest in the Bitcoin market. Hence, it is expected to be one of the foundations for future studies in this area.

Identifying the important attitude of Islamic brands and its effect on buying behavioural intentions among Malaysian Muslims

PurposeMulti-national corporations (MNC) are investing in Malaysia to serve Malay Muslims by carrying the tag line “we are Islamic” for their products. Academicians defined it, as “Islamic brand/s”. Islamic brand/s further divided into three subcategories, namely, Islamic brand/s by compliance, Islamic brand/s by the customer and Islamic brand/s by country of origin. This study aims to identify the important aspect of the Islamic brand/s among the Malaysian Muslims, and it identifies, which Islamic brand aspect motivate Malay consumers to buy Islamic brands.Design/methodology/approachThe conceptual model takes on in the current study was the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). The data was collected from three states of Malaysia (Penang, Kuala Lumpur and Johor Baharu) from 236 Malaysian Muslims through a structured survey instrument. Smart-partial least squares 3 statistical software was used for analyses.FindingsAmong Malaysian Muslims, the most important attitude is the Islamic brand/s by origin (country of origin) followed by the Islamic brand/s by the customer and Islamic brand/s by compliance.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was conducted in three states of Malaysia, and the results are based on three attitudes of Islamic brands as independent variables and buying behavioural intentions (BI) construct of TPB.Practical implicationsCurrent study valuable for local businesses, MNCs, other Islamic and halal institutes. This study put light and give awareness of the positioning of the Islamic brand/s. Plus the intentions of users in selecting Islamic brand/s.Originality/valueThis research pursues to clarify consumers’ buying BIs in buying Islamic brand/s in Malaysia.

Perceived quality association as determinant to re-patronise Shariah-compliant brand restaurants

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between perceived quality association and purchase intention to re-patronise Shariah-compliant brand restaurants among Muslims in Malaysia, particularly in the Klang Valley.Design/methodology/approachBy purposive sampling, the researcher focused on particular characteristics of a population that are of interest that are best to answer the questionnaires and have a specific type of people who can provide the coveted information. By using a self-reporting questionnaire, data from 531 respondents were obtained and analysed using structural equation modelling-partial least square.FindingsThe results showed that perceived quality association has significant and positive influences on intention to re-patronise Shariah-compliant brand restaurants. Atmospheric ambience, food taste, value for money and service personnel were indicators of perceived quality rather than characterising the content of perceived quality. Amongst the four indicators, service personnel were the most important elements for the perceived quality association and were followed by food taste. Delicious food at a reasonable price was the third criterion that is prioritised by consumers in choosing restaurants. Moreover, the atmospheric factor loading showed the lowest among the three dimensions because atmospheric ambience was the last choice when consumers re-patronise Shariah-compliant brand restaurants. Therefore, it is important for Shariah-compliant brand restaurants to concentrate on service personnel aspect and food taste in formulating their marketing strategies to sustain their competitive advantage. These insights could be used to overcome the challenges of purchase intention of Shariah-compliant brand restaurants.Research limitations/implicationsThe first limitation is that the data for this paper were gathered from casual dining sit-down restaurants in Malaysia, especially in the Klang Valley. Thus, the findings may not be generalised to other types of restaurants. There are various types of restaurants in Malaysia; thus, the outcomes might be not similar to this research. Second, it was found that several respondents asserted that the topic of this paper is sensitive in nature, even for Muslim consumers. Thus, the researcher had to clarify the reasoning of the paper and the definition of Shariah-compliant brand restaurants despite the definition has been written on the first page of the questionnaire.Originality/valueMeasuring service quality by making comparisons between the customers’ expectations and the perceived performance has received much attention from both researchers and marketers. The importance of perceived quality originates from its beneficial impact on purchase intentions. This paper represents the perceived quality association as a second-order reflective model consisting of four dimensions: atmospheric ambience, food taste, value for money and service personnel, and these dimensions must be highly correlated. Buying patterns of food consumption vary between individual, from culture to culture, society to society and country to country. In managing Shariah-compliant brand restaurants, the production and food process should be governed by specific rules in Shariah. By giving real information and no false promise, the Shariah-compliant brand restaurants will gain welfare and consumers’ trust to purchase.

De-colonizing public spaces in Malaysia: dating in Kuala Lumpur

This article discusses places and practices of young heterosexual Malaysian Muslims dating in non-private urban spaces. It is based on research conducted in Kuala Lumpur in two consecutive summers 2016 and 2017. Malaysian law (Khalwat law) does not allow for two unrelated people (where at least one of them is Muslim) of opposite sexes to be within ‘suspicious proximity’ of one another in public. This law significantly influences behaviors and activities in urban spaces in KL. In addition to the legal framework, the beliefs of Malaysian Muslims significantly influence the way they perceive space and how they behave in the city. The article discusses the empirical theme, beginning with the participants’ narratives of their engagement with the dominant sexual and gender order in non-private spaces of KL. Utilizing questionnaires, interviews and observations, this article draws upon a qualitative research project and questions the analytical usefulness of the notion of public space (as a Western construct) in the context of an Islamic, post-colonial, tropical, global city.

Factors Influencing Muslims to Choose Hibah: Empirical investigation using Logit Approach

When a Muslim dies, there are four main things should be settled upon his death: funeral expenses, debt settlement, will and faraid. Upon settling funeral and debt of the dead, estate management is one of the obligations required to be carried out by the heir using faraid. Nevertheless, based on the recent statistics issued by Amanah Raya Berhad, there are more than RM60 billions worth of properties of the deceased’s in Malaysia have been frozen from being distributed to the respective heirs. Unfortunately, 95% of the properties belong to Muslims. Among reasons of the undistributed properties are due to unawareness of the heirs, cost of property claims and law restriction. If this situation continuously happens, there will be a waste of capital in economy. To avoid this problem, hibah (inter vivos) and will were suggested to be used as tools to avoid problems in distributing the wealth and properties to the heirs. However, there are limitations in the use of these tools. Hence, the purpose of this research is to investigate behaviour of Malaysian Muslims in managing their estate specifically on Hibah and further to determine the factors that influence Muslim to choose Hibah. This is an empirical study which employed Logit Model analysis of data collected from survey to Muslim in Malaysia. This study manages to collect 406 questionnaires and based on the result it shows that income and knowledge are significant in explaining the Muslim behaviour to choose Hibah. This imply that Muslim would more likely to choose Hibah as to their estate planning if they have more income and knowledge about Hibah; either basic or technical knowledge.

RELIGIOUS EXTREMISM AND RADICALISATION OF MUSLIMS IN MALAYSIA:

This study discusses the reasons behind the rise of religious extremism in Malaysia within the framework of international politics and the world order by highlighting the ties of Malay Muslims with the Mujahidin, Al Qaeda and the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) over the last four decades. For that purpose, a qualitative analytical approach is used, referencing secondary sources such as academic journal articles and scholarly books. In understanding the situation, online newspaper articles were also considered as secondary sources to extract the data to understand the destructive situation in Malaysia, which has gradually become a fertile ground for the sowing of radical ideas. The paper highlights that since the 1970s, religious extremism and radicalism have intensified due to the Cold War politics, the conflict between Palestine and Israel, and, later, foreign invasions of Muslim nation-states, giving rise to many local religious extremist groups with their relations to international extremist groups. Analysis of the secondary sources reveals the existence of a radical understanding of Islam by a substantial portion of the population, thus suggesting that the authorities should pay attention to extremist influences on the moderate nature of social relations in multi-ethnic and multi-religious Malaysia. At the same time, the paper argues that this negative transformation cannot be explained by external factors alone, as the internal factors have played an important role in the radicalisation of Malay society. The paper concludes with several practical recommendations such as improvisation of religious education that emphasises on peaceful cohesion, and discontinuation of foreign intervention policies and overgeneralisations. These recommendations are to regulate the escalation of extremism and radical understanding of Islam in Malaysia, which considerably threatens national security and citizens’ wellbeing.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: Al Qaeda, ISIS, Islamic radicalism in Malaysia, mujahidin, religious extremism.&#x0D; &#x0D; Cite as: Jaafar, M. I., &amp; Akhmetova, E. (2020). Religious extremism and radicalisation of Muslims in Malaysia: The Malay ties with the Mujahidin, Al Qaeda and ISIS. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 5(1), 104-123. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol5iss1pp104-123

Issues on Purification of Surgical Instruments Practice from Najasah (Najis) of a Dog

Introduction: From Quran, dogs were mentioned several times in different perspectives. Surah al-Maidah , informs that a hunting dog’s catch is lawful to be eaten. An authentic hadith about a prostitute who gave water to a dog and her sins were forgiven and was promised heaven. Case report: MrJ, 35 years old gentleman, sustained 3cm x 2cm over left leg following a dog bite. Patient underwent emergency operation and appropriate antibiotic given. After operation, the nurse had washed entire surgical instruments with taharah soap, washed it again six times with water and followed by enzymatic detergent before sending for autoclaving. Discussion: The status of dog impurities and how to clean it derived from hadith narrated by Abu Hurairah: ‘Rasulullah PBUH said: ‘Cleaning a utensil that has been licked by a dog is by washing it seven times and one of the washing cycle is mixed with soil”. Majority Muslims in Malaysia follow Shafi'i sect, where dog’s saliva and all its body are considered ritually mughallazah. Thus, if touched, they are required to cleanse the body part that came into contact with a specific Islamic ritual as mentioned. Up to date, there is no official guideline from KKM or JAKIM related to this. Surgical instruments used for the operation related to dog bite injury were not in direct contact with the dog. This practice imposes unnecessary steps for staffs. Apart from that, there are no study done on the effect of commercially manufactured soil-based soap to surgical instruments. The information regarding content also unclear. Surgical instruments are sensitive and expensive, thus improper handling can expedite damage to the instruments. Conclusion: KKM and JAKIM are recommended to produce SOP regarding this issue. Effort should be done to produce medical grade soil-based cleansing agent. Study should be done to evaluate the safety to surgical instruments.