Malatya Province Research Articles

Seismic performance assessment of structures in Malatya Province after 6 February 2023 Turkey earthquake sequences

Seismic performance assessment of structures in Malatya Province after 6 February 2023 Turkey earthquake sequences

The Effects of 6 February 2023 Earthquakes on the Production and Marketing Process of Firms in the Agriculture and Food Sector: The Case of Malatya Province, Türkiye

The Effects of 6 February 2023 Earthquakes on the Production and Marketing Process of Firms in the Agriculture and Food Sector: The Case of Malatya Province, Türkiye

Assessing the Effect of El Niño–Southern Oscillation on Apricot Yield in Malatya Province, Türkiye

Assessing the Effect of El Niño–Southern Oscillation on Apricot Yield in Malatya Province, Türkiye

An Evaluation of Living Conditions and Dietary Habits of Seasonal Migrant Agricultural Workers: The Example of Turkey

ABSTRACT Objective The nutritional status of seasonal migrant agricultural workers is negatively affected by problems with working conditions, wages, accommodations, and living conditions. This study aimed to investigate the living conditions, dietary habits, and food consumption frequency of seasonal migrant agricultural workers in Turkey. Methods This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in July and August 2022 in the neighborhoods of Akçadağ district in Malatya Province, Turkey. The sample of the study consisted of 262 seasonal migrant agricultural workers aged 15 and over who came to the region for the apricot harvest. The data were obtained using the face-to-face interview technique via a two-part questionnaire including questions on socio-demographic characteristics, living conditions, dietary behaviors and food consumption frequency. Results The mean age of the seasonal migrant agricultural workers was 24.16 ± 0.75, and they worked 12.01 ± 0.10 hours per day on average. It was determined 74.8% of the workers had access to clean water, and 50.4% did not think they had an adequate and balanced diet. It was found only 57.3% of the workers had a normal body mass index, 80.2% never ate fish, 53.8% never ate red meat, and 67.2% never drank milk, while only 34.4% were able to eat seasonal vegetables. Conclusion The findings of the study show that seasonal migrant agricultural workers in Turkey do not have suitable conditions in terms of food and accommodations, and their working conditions, wages, and health conditions are inadequate. These deficiencies have a negative effect on workers’ quality of life and health status.

Examination of emergency assembly areas based on planning criteria after the two major earthquakes on 6 February, 2023: A case study from Turkey

This study aimed to examine the compliance of post-disaster emergency assembly areas with their planning criteria in the Battalgazi district of Malatya province. This district is one of the settlements that was most affected by the two big earthquakes that occurred in Türkiye on 6 February 2023. The emergency assembly areas were evaluated qualitatively based on the criterion of “appropriateness”, with the sub-variables of “usability”, “accessibility”, and “safety”. They were also evaluated quantitatively based on the criterion of “adequacy” with the sub-variable “per capita m2”. There are a total of 103 neighborhoods in the district. However, there are only eight emergency assembly areas in total within its boundaries. According to the results of this study, only 7.5% of the current population of the district resides within 500 m of the emergency assembly areas. The fact that four emergency assembly areas (Hürriyet Park, Şehit Kemal Özalper High School, the Community Garden, Battalgazi Municipality) are situated next to each other and there are emergency assembly areas in only six of the 103 neighborhoods within the municipal boundaries shows that were significant problems in the decisions made regarding their locations. In addition, it was determined that there were disadvantages in terms of accessibility and usability within the criterion of appropriateness, while there were some positive aspects in terms of safety. When examined with regard to the criterion of adequacy, it was determined that the emergency assembly areas at Mişmiş Park, the Community Garden, Battalgazi Municipality, and Şehit Kemal Özalper High School were most adequate, while the emergency assembly areas at Hürriyet Park, Fırat Neighborhood Mukhtar, Nevzat Er Park, and 100 Yıl İmam Hatip Secondary School were least adequate.

Association of 2D:4D finger length ratio of People Working in different professions with personality traits

BackgroundThe ratio of the index finger (2nd finger) to the ring finger (4th finger) (2D:4D) can give information about harmony between personality and career of individuals. The developing technology makes it difficult to choose a profession. AimThis study aims to contribute to the career choice of individuals by analyzing the relationship between the 2D:4D finger digit ratio and personality traits of individuals working in different professions (Educator, Worker, Housewife, Civil servant, Healthcare professional/EWHCH). MethodThe participants were three hundred twenty-five individuals living in the province of Malatya. The SPSS 26.0 software was utilized in the data analysis. The p value of 0.05 was accepted as significance level in comparison tests. ResultsA statistically significant difference was determined between the participants, who had the 2D shorter than the 4D in right hand, in terms of professional groups (p < 0.05). In healthcare workers, a low level (r = 0.305) positive correlation was found between right hand 2D4D and both control (r = 0.264) and curiosity and left hand 2D:4D, and a low level (r = 0.255) negative correlation was found between Conscientiousness and right hand 2D:4D in housewives. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups (educator, worker, housewife, civil servant, healthcare professional) in terms of total score of the Five-Factor Personality Inventory (FFPI) and scores of extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience subscales (p < 0.05). A weak positive statistically significant correlation was detected between the healthcare professionals’ score of Career Adapt-abilities Scale (CAAS) control subscale and the right-hand 2D:4D ratio. Conclusions: It is suggested to investigate the 2D:4D ratio over different professional groups. The present study is important since it gives information about personality and associates such information with the 2D:4D ratio.

The Correlation Between Eighth-Grade Students’ Metacognitive Reading Awareness, Reading Intrinsic Motivation, and Reading Habits

Reading, which improves language and mental skills, is the most effective way to reach information from the past to the present. The study tried to determine the relationship between the metacognitive reading awareness, reading intrinsic motivations, and reading motivations of eighth-grade students. The study group consists of 132 eighth-grade students in a secondary school in the Battalgazi district of Malatya province—the research design is a relational screening model. The metacognitive reading awareness scale,” “Intrinsic Reading Motivation Scale,” and “Book Reading Habit Scale” were used as data collection tools. As a result of the analyses, the students got moderate scores from the metacognitive reading awareness, intrinsic motivation, and book reading habit scales. Moreover, no notable difference was found in students’ metacognitive reading strategies, reading motivations, and reading habits according to gender. The study suggests no significant link exists between “metacognitive reading awareness” and “intrinsic motivation to read,” based on the correlation analysis conducted on the three scales. Nonetheless, there were exceptionally high positive correlations among the sub-dimensions of the scales.

Opinions of Psychological Counselor and Guidance Teachers Taking Work in Earthquake Psychosocıal Support Works (Malatya Province Example)

This study was carried out with psychological counselor/guidance teachers working within the scope of psychosocial support services in the earthquake region of Malatya in 2020. The research was carried out by using the phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research models, with the focus group interview method. 11 psychological counselors/guidance teachers participated in the study. During the interview, video and audio recordings were taken and the interviews were deciphered. Content analysis method was used to analyze the findings. When the findings of the study were examined, it was revealed that the motivation of the participants to provide psychosocial support services was prior experience and encouragement. Encouragement; In the title, the support and experience of the Guidance and Research Center Directorate (RAM), attending the coordination meeting and communicating with colleagues are mainly included. Findings were obtained that the participants did not feel professionally competent before starting psychosocial support activities. However, towards the end of the studies, there are also findings regarding the development of professional competence. It was found as the most extraordinary event that some of the relatives of the people who died due to the earthquake found solace in death. Participants stated their expectations and suggestions regarding post-earthquake psychosocial support activities.

The Effects of Workload Excess on Quality of Work Life in Third-Level Healthcare Workers: A Structural Equation Modeling Perspective.

Examining the workload and working conditions of healthcare workers is crucial regarding the quality of the work life of employees and the quality of services provided. This study aims to determine the effects of the perceptions of workload on the quality of work life of health personnel working in two different tertiary hospitals affiliated with the Ministry of Health and the Higher Education Institution in Türkiye with structural equation modeling. This study was conducted in two hospitals in Malatya province: İnönü University Turgut Özal Medical Center affiliated with the Higher Education Institution and Malatya Training and Research Hospital affiliated with the Ministry of Health. The mean score of the Individual Workload Perception Scale was 106.18 ± 16.5, and the mean score of the Work-related Quality of Life Scale was 66.39 ± 15.33. Total workload scores had a statistically significant positive effect on total quality of work life scores (β1 = 0.98; p = 0.001). It was concluded that there was a statistically significant relationship between workload and quality of work life and age, unit of employment, working time in the profession, and hospital type.

Parents' attitudes and refusal towards childhood vaccinations and associated factors

The aim of this study is to determine the demographic characteristics of vaccine refusals in Malatya province, identify reasons for vaccine hesitancy, and guide future intervention efforts. Data for this descriptive study were collected through face-to-face interviews using a socio-demographic form developed by researchers, reasons for non-vaccination, and the short form of the "Turkish Vaccine Hesitancy Scale" and "Parental Attitudes towards Childhood Vaccinations" (PACV) scales. Statistical analysis included chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman correlation test. Vaccine hesitancy was found in 86.0% of parents who did not vaccinate their children. The most common reasons for non-vaccination were "lack of confidence in vaccine content" (65.1%), "observation of side effects in others after vaccination" (19.8%), and "exposure to negative statements about vaccines on social media". As the educational level of both parents increased, non-vaccination due to a lack of confidence in vaccine content was more common. There was no relationship found between the presence of vaccine hesitancy and socio-demographic characteristics. Parents who do not vaccinate have low confidence in vaccines, and the influence of media, particularly press and social media, is significant in vaccination decision-making. Efforts should be made by both healthcare professionals and policymakers to increase confidence in vaccines and prevent access to misinformation about vaccines, thus minimizing vaccine hesitancy.

The Effect of Verbal Intelligence Games on Primary School 2nd Grade Students’ to the Verbal-Linguistic Intelligence Areas and the Turkish Course Attitudes

The aim of this research is to determine the verbal-linguistic intelligence levels, which is one of the intelligence areas determined in line with Gardner's Multiple Intelligence Theory, and their attitudes towards the Turkish lesson, and to examine the effects of verbal intelligence games on the development of this intelligence area and their attitudes towards the Turkish lesson. This research was carried out using a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control group, one of the quantitative research methods. The study group of the research consists of 2nd grade primary school students studying in public schools in Yeşilyurt district of Malatya province. As data collection tools in the study, the "Multiple Intelligence Scale for Children" developed by Susar Kırmızı (2006) to determine the verbal-linguistic intelligence levels of the students, and the "Attitude Scale Towards Turkish Lesson" developed by Topçuoğlu Ünal and Köse (2014) to determine their attitudes towards the Turkish lesson. used after obtaining necessary permissions. During the research process, the verbal intelligence games "resfebe", "deleted letters", "missing letters" and "cryptic word" games were applied as a lesson hour two days a week for eight weeks. With the control group students, educational activities continued in a pre-planned manner. For the statistical analysis of the obtained data, an appropriate analysis program was used and the statistical data were interpreted by tabulating. According to the research findings, it was concluded that verbal intelligence games were effective in the development of verbal-linguistic intelligence areas of primary school 2nd grade students and in developing positive attitudes towards the Turkish lesson. Based on these results, it has been suggested that activities for verbal intelligence games should be given more place in primary school programs and even mind games should be included in the curriculum as an independent discipline area by associating them with other lessons at primary school level.

Investigation of in vitro antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of hawthorn vinegar obtained from Endemic Crataegus tanacetifolia (Poir.) Pers.

In this study, the in vitro antidiabetic, antioxidant activity and total flavonoid content (TFC) and total phenolic content (TPC) of vinegar obtained from endemic Crataegus tanacetifolia (Lam.) Pers. (Rosaceae), (hawthorn) were examined. The hawthorn vinegar obtained from Malatya province (MS) and the vinegar (TS) obtained from Konya were used as study material. Their antidiabetic activity was determined by α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory methods. Antioxidant activities were determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and ferrous iron chelating (FCA) assays. The absorbance were read in the Elisa reader and evaluated with Excel and GraphPad programs. The MS has been found to have higher α- amylase (95.12± 3.71%) and α-glucosidase inhibitory (81.62 ± 0.33%) effects. The TS demonstrated (94.13 ± 3.85%) α-amylase and (75.35 ± 2.19%) α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, respectively. The TPC was found to be in TS (467.59 ± 6.73) mg GAE/mL MS (328.46 ± 5.50) mg GAE/mL. The TFC was found as (1.94 ± 10.36) mg CE/mL and (1.32 ± 10.96) mg CE/mL in TS and MS vinegar, respectively. The FCA was found to be in TS (33.37 ± 0.53%) MS (31.08 ± 10.87%). The DPPH radical scavenging activity was found as (73.82 ± 2.12%) in TS and (80.12 ± 4.45%) in MS. ABTS radical scavenging activity was found to be the highest in TS with (82.51± 0.78%) and in MS found as (78.65 ± 0.55%). The antidiabetic, antioxidant activity, TPC and TFC determinations of these vinegars were performed for the first time with these methods.

Awareness of Health Tourism: A Study on Healthcare Professionals in Malatya Province

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı sağlık çalışanlarının sağlık turizmi konusunda farkındalık düzeylerini ve sağlık turizmi farkındalığının demografik değişkenlere göre ne derece farklılaştığını belirlemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle Mayıs 2022'de Malatya ilinde faaliyet gösteren bir kamu hastanesinde görev yapan 350 sağlık çalışanından anket uygulaması ile veri elde edilmiştir. Yapılan istatistiki analizler sonucunda sağlık çalışanlarının genel anlamda sağlık turizmi farkındalığının orta düzeyde olduğu (3,40/5,00) tespit edilmiştir. Ek olarak, sağlık çalışanlarının sağlık turizmi farkındalığının incelenen cinsiyet, yaş, öğrenim durumu, meslekteki geçirilen yıl, çalışılan birim ve gelir düzeyi değişkenlerine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde farklılaştığı tespit edilmiştir. Erkek çalışanların ve lise mezunlarının farkındalığının yüksek olduğu, 39-45 yaş aralığındaki çalışanların sağlık turizminin sorunları hakkında daha bilinçli olduğu, hastane yönetiminde çalışan personelin farkındalığının yüksek olduğu ve en fazla beş yıldır görev yapmakta olan çalışanların diğerlerine göre sağlık turizmi konusunda daha bilinçli oldukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre sağlık kurumu yöneticilerine ve gelecek çalışmalara önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Anadolu sarıçamının (Pinus sylvestris L. var. sylvestris) doğal yayılış alanı ve vejetasyon bileşimi

Anatolian Scots pine (P. sylvestris var. sylvestris) forests spreading in the northern part of Anatolia, Türkiye, and covering 2.1 million hectares show great variation in terms of the vegetation composition depending on both ecological conditions and human interference. The spreading and/or growing of Scots pine is mostly related to the sunny cold, subhumid continental climatic conditions as well as the cold and semiarid climate. It begins at the coastal belt of the Black Sea coast and rises up to 2700 m in the NE part of Anatolia, and continues towards the semiarid continental part of Central Anatolia. Scots pine is associated with Fagus orientalis, Castanea sativa, Tilia rubra, T. tomentosa, Alnus barbata, A. glutinosa, Quercus sp., etc. in the lower belt of the Black Sea coast, with Picea orientalis and Abies nordmanniana in the eastern upper belt of the Black Sea Mountains, and with Abies bornmulleriana in the middle and western parts of the Black Sea Region. It is composed of Pinus nigra and A. nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani in the backward or southern parts of the Black Sea Region. Pure Scots pine stands occur in the subhumid continental part of NE Anatolia and the semiarid-subhumid continental part of Inner Anatolia. This study aims to highlight the natural occurrence of its forests, and to introduce their main vegetation composition reflecting ecological conditions.

Kükürtlenmiş Kayısıların Raf Ömrünü Uzatmada Kükürtün Etkisinin Kinetik İncelenmesi

In this study, sulphurized apricots with different sulfur values were obtained from the factory in Malatya province. These apricot samples were kept at market temperature values (4, 26 and 40°C) in the package offered for sale, and their sulfur dioxide values were determined daily. As a result of the experimental periods, reduction rate and other data were determined by calculating the sulfur dioxide in the sample. Also, loss rate and kinetics of sulfur dioxide were determined from its change over time at different temperatures. From the results obtained, important findings such as shelf life of sulphurous apricots at different temperatures in the package, deterioration and effect of the sulfur dioxide value on the shelf life were obtained. According to the analysis results of apricots containing different amounts of sulfur, when the moisture and SO2 loss in dried apricot samples during their stay on the shelf were examined in the kinetic study, it was determined that it was suitable for the first order kinetic model for 4°C and the second order kinetic model for 26 and 40°C. From the experimental results, quite low sulfur removal values were obtained for the samples offered for sale after 980 hours at 4°C and 525 hours at 26°C. Moisture and SO2 losses accelerated after approximately 740 hours at a temperature of 40°C. In the sample containing 3280 ppm sulfur dioxide during shelf storage at 4°C, there was an 11% loss of sulfur dioxide after 980 hours. A 46% sulfur dioxide loss was determined in the same samples after 740 hours at 40°C. It has been determined that sulfur dioxide loss is greater at higher temperatures. When the storage conditions of the samples were examined in terms of humidity, it was observed that apricots lost their moisture in the range of 52-85% after 29 days at temperatures of 4 and 40 °C. Based on the fact that the water activity of the packaged sulfurized dried apricots offered for sale is 25%, in this study, an average shelf life of approximately 25 days was determined according to this value.

Acoustical environments in the textile industry facilities: A case study of Malatya Province, Türkiye

In the past few decades, the textile industry in Türkiye has been developing rapidly with raw materials, industrialization, and employment opportunities. The use of complex machine processes in mass production methods in the textile industry, creates working conditions with high noise levels are created. In this paper, indoor acoustic performance in the textile industry was discussed and the interpretation of the acoustic environment by the employees was analyzed. The textile industry facility in Malatya, Türkiye was examined as a case study. The employees' daily noise exposure levels (LEX,8h) and sound pressure levels were measured. Additionally, Weinstein's Noise Sensitivity Scale (WNSS) and noise annoyance structured questionnaire were applied to the employees. The highest noise exposure level was 92,8 dB, and the lowest noise exposure level was 86,9 dB. In conclusion, the statistical relationship between noise sensitivity and noise annoyance of employees with the demographic properties was examined and the noise annoyances were analyzed in detail. It was found that there was a significant and positive relationship between the noise sensitivity and noise annoyance of the employees (r = 0,523, p = 0,000 &lt; 0,05). Suggestions have been developed to improve indoor acoustic performance and reduce noise in the textile industry.

The traumatic effect and consequences of the earthquake in the political context

The aim of this research is to examine the post-earthquake trauma effect in Malatya and to reveal the situation in terms of different variables. The research was carried out with the relational screening model. The study group of the research consists of people (N=342) affected by the earthquake in Malatya province and its districts. The Post-earthquake Stress Level Determination Scale (DSSDB) Scale was used in the study. According to the results of the research, the general average of determining the post-earthquake stress level was low. It has been revealed that women's post-earthquake stress level perception of the overall scale and its sub-dimensions is higher than that of men. Again, those with a low income level (below 10,000 TL and between 10,001 TL and 15,000 TL) had higher post-traumatic stress than those with an income level (over 25,001 TL). In this case, if the income level is good, the post-earthquake stress remains at a low level.

Attitudes and behaviors of individuals aged 90 and over towards rational use of drugs: cross-sectional research

Introduction: The current study was aimed to evaluate the attitudes and behaviors of individuals 90 years and older living in Malatya regarding rational drug use. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out with people aged 90 and over (n=1022) living in Malatya province and its districts. Face-to-face interview method was used to collect study data. In the first part of the form used for data collection, the descriptive characteristics of the participants were questioned, and in the second part, the attitudes and behaviors towards rational drug use were examined. Rational drug use features are evaluated by World Health Organization (WHO) prescribing indicators. Results: The frequency of rational drug use was 84.1%, and the rate of over-the-counter drug use was 19.2% among individuals 90 years and older. 52.3% of the participants had over-the-counter medication at home for use, when necessary, without doctor's recommendation. The most commonly available over-the-counter group of drugs at home were painkillers. Conclusion: The frequency of rational drug use in individuals aged 90 and older has been determined higher than in the literature on individuals aged 65 and older. Education, guidance and counseling programs can be created to increase rational drug use within elderly people communities. Keywords: rational drug use; oldest-old; elderly; attitude; behavior

The Views of Classroom Teachers on the Instruction of Current Issues

The present study aimed to determine the views of classroom teachers on the inclusion or exclusion of current issues in classroom instruction, to investigate these views based on the definition of current issues, the methods and techniques employed in the instruction of current issues, the analysis of the instruction, and the positive and negative consequences of the instruction of these issues in the classroom. The present research was conducted with the case study method. The maximum diversity sampling method was employed to assign the study group members. The study group included 10 classroom teachers employed in seven primary schools in Battalgazi, Yesilyurt, Doğanşehir, and Hekimhan districts in Malatya province, Turkey. The study data were collected with a semi-structured interview form. Content analysis and continuous comparative data analysis were employed. The participants stated that the discussion of current issues in the classroom would lead to positive outcomes such as the development of student empathy, instruction of tolerance for different ideas, development of the problem-solving skills, sensibility, and communication skills, and negative outcomes such as problems in peer relations, behavioral disorders, negative reactions, and conflict. It was determined that classroom teachers mostly discussed controversial issues such as Covid 19, environmental pollution and natural disasters, and the student-initiated discussions on Covid 19 and natural disasters in the classroom. About 20% of the participating primary school teachers stated that the level of proficiency of their colleagues was low in the instruction of current events.

Geotechnical and Structural Investigations in Malatya Province after Kahramanmaraş Earthquake on February 6, 2023

Two earthquakes with moment magnitudes of 7.7 and 7.6 occured on February 6, 2023, at 04:17 a.m. (with local time, GMT+3) in Kahramanmaraş-Ekinözü Pazarcık and at 13:24 p.m. (with local time, GMT+3) in Kahramanmaraş-Elbistan, respectively, in Turkey. The earthquake was felt in a wide area within Turkey and caused structural destructions and heavy damage of buildings, especially in eleven cities including Adana, Adıyaman, Diyarbakır, Gaziantep, Hatay, Kahramanmaraş, Kilis, Malatya, Osmaniye, Şanlıurfa and Elazığ. The aim of this study was to present the detailed field investigation in Malatya province which was one of the most affected city in the region. The strong ground motion records have been analyzed and PGA distribution maps were presented. Structural defects in damaged and collapsed buildings were examined, and design and manufacturing defects were examined. The performance of soil structures was examined, and the defects demonstrated were evaluated in the context of the geological environment. The study is essential in terms of evaluating the damage and possible causes of the building stock in Malatya city center and its districts after the earthquake. In this sense, a holistic evaluation has been carried out, which can be a useful resource for Anatolian cities with typical building characteristics.