Anadolu sarıçamının (Pinus sylvestris L. var. sylvestris) doğal yayılış alanı ve vejetasyon bileşimi

Abstract

Anatolian Scots pine (P. sylvestris var. sylvestris) forests spreading in the northern part of Anatolia, Türkiye, and covering 2.1 million hectares show great variation in terms of the vegetation composition depending on both ecological conditions and human interference. The spreading and/or growing of Scots pine is mostly related to the sunny cold, subhumid continental climatic conditions as well as the cold and semiarid climate. It begins at the coastal belt of the Black Sea coast and rises up to 2700 m in the NE part of Anatolia, and continues towards the semiarid continental part of Central Anatolia. Scots pine is associated with Fagus orientalis, Castanea sativa, Tilia rubra, T. tomentosa, Alnus barbata, A. glutinosa, Quercus sp., etc. in the lower belt of the Black Sea coast, with Picea orientalis and Abies nordmanniana in the eastern upper belt of the Black Sea Mountains, and with Abies bornmulleriana in the middle and western parts of the Black Sea Region. It is composed of Pinus nigra and A. nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani in the backward or southern parts of the Black Sea Region. Pure Scots pine stands occur in the subhumid continental part of NE Anatolia and the semiarid-subhumid continental part of Inner Anatolia. This study aims to highlight the natural occurrence of its forests, and to introduce their main vegetation composition reflecting ecological conditions.