Majus Extracts Research Articles

Exploring the antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Chelidonium majus extracts against oral microorganisms

Chelidonium majus (Papaveraceae) is a widely utilized medicinal plant species known for its various effective biological activities. This study investigated the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of C. majus against oral microorganisms. To assess its biological activities, C. majus fractions were obtained using 80% methanol, n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (BuOH), and water. Antioxidant assays, including DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging tests, as well as total polyphenol and flavonoid content determination, were conducted. Notably, the EtOAc fraction exhibited the highest antioxidant activity than that of the other fractions, both in terms of DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities. Furthermore, it contained the highest contents of phenolic and flavonoid compounds in the EtOAc extract (212.00 mg CAE/g, 135.70 mg NE/g). In addition, antimicrobial assays using various antimicrobial tests against oral microorganisms, namely S. mutans, S. gordonii, S. sobrinus, and S. sanguinis, were conducted to investigate the antibacterial effect, revealing that the EtOAc fraction showed the greatest inhibition. Furthermore, LC-MS analysis of the EtOAc fraction identified biologically active compounds, including phenolic compounds such as fisetin, quercetin, and coumaroylimalic acid. Based on these findings, C. majus, with its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, is a promising candidate for improving oral health.

LB1762 A Tropaeoloum majus extract mitigates SASP-related inflammation induced by stress in vitro and in vivo

LB1762 A Tropaeoloum majus extract mitigates SASP-related inflammation induced by stress in vitro and in vivo

ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF THE FOMITOPSIS PINICOLA TRUNE EXTRACT IN THE COMPOSITION OF POLYETHYLENE FILMS

Scientific literature shows that the thallus of Fomitopsis pinicola is sufficiently rich in secondary metabolites with pronounced antioxidant properties. However, the experiments showed that ethanol extracts of F. pinicola compared with extracts of higher plants (for example, Chelidonium majus) were characterized by low antioxidant properties, both in the polymer composition and according to biochemical analysis. The induction period of oxidation of polyethylene films with extracts of F. pinicola was 3.25 times lower than the induction period of oxidation of similar polymer films with C. majus extracts. It is assumed that this result is a consequence of the presence of most phenolic compounds of F. pinicola within melanins. In the composition of these pigments, phenolic compounds are sedentary and cannot diffuse in the polymer melt. In addition, a number of reactive functional groups will not exhibit their antioxidant properties because of spatial difficulties.
 Extraction conditions (extractant, time), under which the obtained F. pinicola extracts confirm high antioxidant properties in polyethylene films, significantly exceeding the antioxidant properties of C. majus extracts, were experimentally determined during the studies. It is shown that to obtain highly effective antioxidant F. pinicola extracts for polymer stabilization it is most rational to use acetone as an extractant. The recommended extraction time is at least 5 days.

Determination of Selected Isoquinoline Alkaloids from Chelidonium majus, Mahonia aquifolium and Sanguinaria canadensis Extracts by Liquid Chromatography and Their In Vitro and In Vivo Cytotoxic Activity against Human Cancer Cells.

The search for new substances with cytotoxic activity against various cancer cells, especially cells that are very resistant to currently used chemotherapeutic agents, such as melanoma cells, is a very important scientific aspect. We investigated the cytotoxic effect of Chelidonium majus, Mahonia aquifolium and Sanguinaria canadensis extracts obtained from different parts of these plants collected at various vegetation stages on FaDu, SCC-25, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. Almost all the tested extracts showed higher cytotoxicity against these cancer cells than the anticancer drug etoposide. The highest cytotoxicity against the FaDu, SCC-25, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines was obtained for the Sanguinaria candensis extract collected before flowering. The cytotoxicity of extracts obtained from different parts of Chelidonium majus collected at various vegetation stages was also evaluated on melanoma cells (A375, G361 and SK-MEL-3). The highest cytotoxic activity against melanoma A375 cells was observed for the Chelidonium majus root extract, with an IC50 of 12.65 μg/mL. The same extract was the most cytotoxic against SK-MEL-3 cells (IC50 = 1.93 μg/mL), while the highest cytotoxic activity against G361 cells was observed after exposure to the extract obtained from the herb of the plant. The cytotoxic activity of Chelidonium majus extracts against melanoma cells was compared with the cytotoxicity of the following anticancer drugs: etoposide, cisplatin and hydroxyurea. In most cases, the IC50 values obtained for the anticancer drugs were higher than those obtained for the Chelidonium majus extracts. The most cytotoxic extract obtained from the root of Chelidonium majus was selected for in vivo cytotoxic activity investigations using a Danio rerio larvae xenograft model. The model was applied for the first time in the in vivo investigations of the extract's anticancer potential. The application of Danio rerio larvae xenografts in cancer research is advantageous because of the transparency and ease of compound administration, the small size and the short duration and low cost of the experiments. The results obtained in the xenograft model confirmed the great effect of the investigated extract on the number of cancer cells in a living organism. Our investigations show that the investigated plant extracts exhibit very high cytotoxic activity and can be recommended for further experiments in order to additionally confirm their potential use in the treatment of various human cancers.

570 Targeting JAK/STAT and Wnt/b-catenin pathways and 5a-reductase activity to develop an effective anti-hair loss product

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a multi-cause pathology resulting in hair cycle deregulation and production of short, fine hair. New insights into hair follicle biology and understanding of AGA have brought new strategies to treat it. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the interest of using ingredients targeting well-known and innovative biological targets to develop an effective anti-hair loss product. The active ingredients were evaluated on their ability to regulate the hair cycle. Activation of the Wnt/b-catenin pathway in hair follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPC) was assessed using a reporter gene assay strategy. Inhibition of interleukine-6-induced JAK/STAT pathway activation in outer root sheath keratinocytes (ORSK) was assessed by measuring STAT3 phosphorylation. Conversion of testosterone (T) to DHT by the enzyme 5a-reductase (5aRed) in HFDPC was assessed by analysing T metabolism using radiolabelled T. A lotion containing these ingredients was tested on 60 subjects for 3 months, 2 applications per week for 1 month then 1 application per week for the following 2 months. The anagen/telogen (A/T) ratio was assessed by phototrichogram analysis. The combination of Nasturtium officinale and Tropaeolum majus extracts increased the activation of Wnt/b-catenin by 38% in HFDPC. Garcinia Mangostana extract significantly reduced JAK/STAT activation in ORSK by 33%. Glyceryl laurate significantly reduced T to DHT conversion by 42% suggesting that 5aRed activity was inhibited. When tested on 60 subjects, the lotion significantly increased the number of anagen hairs in subjects’ scalp and the A/T ratio, and also significantly decreased the number of telogen hairs after 3 months of treatment. Hair follicle biology is an ever-evolving science and targeting newly described biological pathways such as the JAK/STAT pathway with well-chosen ingredients will provide patients with effective anti-hair-loss solutions matching their needs and expectations.

Chelidonium majus WATER EXTRACT INITIATES PLATELET AGGREGATION AND INHIBITS FIBRIN POLYMERIZATION IN BLOOD PLASMA

Chelidonium majus is a well-known source of biologically active compounds. Most of them are alkaloids, which are used in researches and for tradition medicine. In this study, we explored the influence of C. majus crude total extract onto blood coagulation system in vitro, primary and secondary hemostasis. Aim. To study influence of C. majus extract onto blood coagulation process. Methods. Turbidimetry of blood plasma, APTT test with chromogenic substrates, and platelet aggregation were used in the work. Results. We demonstrated moderate stimulating effect of the extract on platelets (the rate of platelet aggregation increased up to 10%, followed by disaggregation). Extract also increased the rate of platelet aggregation stimulated by 12.5 mcM of ADP. We observed the increase in the plasma clotting time in the presence of the extract, that corresponded to the 274, 411, 685, 1370 mcg of dry extract, from 70 s in control to 80, 90, 170 and 180 s, respectively, in turbidimetry test of plasma stimulated by APTT-reagent. However, APTT test with the chromogenic substrate of thrombin (S2238) did not show significant influence of this plant’s extract on thrombin activity. Conclusions. Thus, we can conclude that anticoagulant activity of Chelidonium majus extract corresponded to the direct inhibition of fibrin polymerization.

Protective efficiency of Chelidonium majus extract against hepatoimmune and DNA changes induced by aflatoxin B1

Suppressive effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) on topsin induced ovarian toxicity and oxidative stress in albino ratsSaber A. Sakr,Hoda A. Mahran, Asmaa M. Abdel-Maksoud

Effects of Extracts Derived from Roots and Stems of Chelidonium majus L. on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in the Model of Equine Plasma

Greater celandine (Chelidonium majus L., Papaveraceae) is a perennial herbaceous plant, with an upright and spreading stem, large leaves, and yellow flowers collected on the tops of the stems in rare umbel inflorescence. The main aim of the study was an assessment of the oxidative stress biomarkers [2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), carbonyl derivatives content of protein oxidative modification (OMP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC)] and also activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, ceruloplasmin) in the equine plasma after treatment by extracts derived from roots and stems of C. majus collected from rural and urban agglomerations. Plant materials were collected from natural habitats on the territory of the Kartuzy district in the Pomeranian province (northern part of Poland). Our results demonstrated that statistically significant reductions in lipid peroxidation byproducts were noted after incubation with extracts derived from roots of C. majus collected from both urban (by 35 %, p <0.05) and rural (by 34 %, p <0.05) agglomerations compared to the control samples. Stem extracts derived from C. majus also reduced TBARS levels, but only extracts derived from C. majus were collected from the rural areas; a statistically significant decrease (by 21 %, p <0.05) was observed compared to the control samples. The lowest values in the content of the aldehydic derivatives of OMP were observed after incubation with extracts derived from roots of C. majus collected from both rural and urban areas. On the other hand, levels of ketonic derivatives of OMP were significantly increased after incubation with extracts derived from stems of C. majus collected from both rural and urban areas compared to the control samples, in contrast to extracts derived from roots of C. majus collected from urban areas, where there was a statistically significant reduction in ketonic derivatives of OMP (by 15 %, p<0.05) compared to the control samples. A significant increase in the TAC levels was observed after incubation with root and stem extracts of C. majus collected from both urban and rural areas, but the highest values were observed after incubation with extracts derived from roots of C. majus collected from rural areas (by 66.7 %, p <0.05) compared to the control samples. Stem extracts of C. majus collected from urban agglomerations were found to be most effective in increasing catalase activity (by 115 %, p <0.05). Both root and stem extracts of C. majus collected from rural areas caused a statistically significant reduction in ceruloplasmin levels. These in vitro studies indicate that extracts from this plant are a significant source of natural antioxidants that could prevent the progression of various disorders caused by oxidative stress. However, the proportions of secondary metabolites responsible for the antioxidant activity of C. majus extracts are currently unclear. Therefore, further studies are needed to isolate and identify the antioxidant compounds present in the plant extracts. Screening of C. majus plant for other biological activities including antioxidant activities is essential and may be effective for searching the preventive agents in the pathogenesis of some metabolic diseases.

The Cultivation of Chelidonium majus L. Increased the Total Alkaloid Content and Cytotoxic Activity Compared with Those of Wild-Grown Plants.

The effect of cultivation practises on both the phytochemical profile and biological activity of aqueous ethanol extracts of Chelidonium majus L. was studied. Extracts were prepared from aerial parts of the same plant population collected in the wild and grown under organic farming conditions. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses of alkaloids and flavonoid derivatives were performed by LC/MS methods, and the cytotoxicity of lyophilised extracts was studied in B16-F10, HepG2, and CaCo-2 cells. Coptisine was the dominant alkaloid of extracts prepared from wild-grown plants, whereas after cultivation, chelidonine was the most abundant alkaloid. The total alkaloid content was significantly increased by cultivation. Ten flavonol glycoconjugates were identified in C. majus extracts, and quantitative analysis did not reveal significant differences between extracts prepared from wild-grown and cultivated specimens. Treatment with C. majus extracts resulted in a dose-dependent increase in cytotoxicity in all three cell lines. The extracts prepared from cultivated specimens showed higher cytotoxicity than the extracts prepared from wild-grown plants. The strongest cytotoxic effect of cultivated C. majus was observed in B16-F10 cells (IC50 = 174.98 ± 1.12 µg/mL). Cultivation-induced differences in the phytochemical composition of C. majus extracts resulted in significant increases in the cytotoxic activities of the preparations.

In vivo activity of different feeding levels of Greater Celandine (Chelidonium Majus) extract on the growth performance and digestibility in broilers

The present research work was conducted to investigate the effect of Chelidonium Majus Extract (CME) on growth performance and digestibility in broiler chickens In vivo.

Chelidoniummajus L. Incorporated Emulsion Electrospun PCL/PVA_PEC Nanofibrous Meshes for Antibacterial Wound Dressing Applications.

Presently, there are many different types of wound dressings available on the market. Nonetheless, there is still a great interest to improve the performance and efficiency of these materials. Concerning that, new dressing materials containing natural products, such as medicinal plants that protect the wound from infections but also enhance skin regeneration have been or are being developed. Herein, we used for the first time a needleless emulsion electrospinning technique for incorporating Chelidonium majus L. (C. majus), a medicinal plant widely known for its traditional therapeutic properties, in Polycaprolactone (PCL)/Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)_Pectin (PEC) nanofibrous meshes. Moreover, the potential use of these electrospun nanofibers as a carrier for C. majus was also explored. The results obtained revealed that the produced PCL/PVA_PEC nanofibrous meshes containing C. majus extract displayed morphological characteristics similar to the natural extracellular matrix of the skin (ECM). Furthermore, the produced meshes showed beneficial properties to support the healing process. Additionally, the C. majus-loaded PCL/PVA_PEC nanofibrous meshes inhibited Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) growth, reaching a 3.82 Log reduction, and showed to be useful for controlled release, without causing any cytotoxic effect on the normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) cells. Hence, these findings suggest the promising suitability of this novel wound dressing material for prevention and treatment of bacterial wound infections.

BIOMARKERS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS IN THE MUSCLE TISSUE OF RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS WALBAUM) AFTER IN VITRO TREATMENT BY EXTRACTS DERIVED FROM STALKS AND ROOTS OF GREATER CELANDINE (CHELIDONIUM MAJUS L.)

Consistent with our previous studies, we continue to evaluate the antioxidant potential of Greater celandine (Chelidonium majus L), a representative of the Papaveraceae family, collected from northern Poland using the model of muscle tissue of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum). Therefore, in the present study, oxidative stress biomarkers [2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein oxidative modification carbonyl derivative content, total antioxidant capacity (TAC)] were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of extracts (final concentration 5 mg/mL) derived from stems and roots of C. majus. Rainbow trout muscle tissue was used in this study. Phosphate buffer was used as a positive control (blank). The results of the current study showed that stem and root extracts exhibited cytotoxic effects on cellular structures of muscle tissue by increasing the level of the lipid peroxidation biomarkers. These results suggest the possibility of using C. majus extract at 5 mg/mL as a source of pro-oxidant compounds and warrant further studies to evaluate their therapeutic potential. Levels of aldehydic and ketonic derivatives of oxidatively modified proteins and total antioxidant capacity were not significantly changed after in vitro incubation with the extracts derived from stalks and roots of C. majus. Screening of species of the family Papaveraceae for other biological activities, including antioxidant activity, is essential and may be effective in the search for preventive measures in the pathogenesis of some diseases, as well as in the prevention and treatment of some disorders in medicine and veterinary.

Chelidonine Induces Apoptosis via GADD45a-p53 Regulation in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells.

Chelidonium majus has been used as a traditional medicine in China and western countries for various diseases, including inflammation and cancer. However, the anti-cancer effect of chelidonine, a major compound of C. majus extracts, on pancreatic cancer remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that treatment with chelidonine inhibited proliferation of BxPC-3 and MIA PaCa-2 human pancreatic cancer cells. Annexin-V/propidium iodide staining assay showed that this growth inhibitory effect of chelidonine was induced through apoptosis. We found that chelidonine treatment upregulated mRNA levels and transcription factor activity in both cell lines. Increases in protein expression levels of p53, GADD45A, p21 and cleaved caspase-3 were also observed, with more distinct changes in MIA PaCa-2 cells compared to the BxPC-3 cells. These results suggest that chelidonine induces pancreatic cancer apoptosis through the p53 and GADD45A pathways. Our findings provide new insights into the use of chelidonine for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Effective Reduction of Cr(VI) and Organic Dyes Using Pd NPs/Fe3O4@nanocellulose as a Recoverable Catalyst in Aqueous Media

In this work, the extract of the roots plant of Chelidonium majus (greater celandine) was used to synthesize a magnetically reusable Pd nanoparticles supported by Fe3O4@nanocellulose through a green synthesis method. The Pd NPs/Fe3O4@nanocellulose catalyst as an impressive catalyst was prepared via reduction of Pd2+ ions using Chelidonium majus extract as bioreductant agent. The synthesized Pd NPs/Fe3O4@nanocellulose was characterized using vibrating sample magnetometer, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis techniques. This heterogeneous catalyst represented excellent activity for full degradation of Cr(VI) in the presence of formic acid at 50 °C, and reduction of methylene blue, methyl orange, rhodamine B and congo red in the presence of NaBH4 as a reducing agent at room temperature. The synthesized catalyst was also reused four times for the reduction reactions without significant activity loss.

Ammi majus an Endemic Medicinal Plant: A Review of the Medicinal Uses, Pharmacological and Phytochemicals

Recently, most of the rural areas people are using alternative medicine for the treatment of diseases because they believe that natural medicine is always safe and economical. In the Gulf region, the Ammi majus (A. majus) is used traditionally as a safe and sustainable herbal medicine to treat various chronic ulcers. A. majus extracts showed significant biological activity such as antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidant, relaxant effect, cardiovascular effect, hypotensive etc.

Effect of some Plant Extracts and Media Culture on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Moringa oleifera

This research was carried out at the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani. This study was applied to determine the effect of some extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Ammi majus and different types of soil on seed germination, seedling growth and phytochemical contents as well as fresh and dry weights of Moringa olefera. The significant effects of some extracts were observed on the studied parameters of the moringa plant. The highest germination percentage of moringa recorded by the seeds treated with 10 g/L of Ammi majus extract. The greatest germination rate of moringa seeds (81.3) exhibited at control treatments of both extracts. The highest stem elongation was demonstrated by 5 g/L G. glabra and pet moss media. The maximum score of stem length of moringa (107.33 and 97.33 cm) was achieved from the combination 10 g/L G. glabra and A. majus with peat moss media, whereas the lowest value (44.33 cm) was stated by the interaction of control and peat moss. In addition, the greatest value of stem diameter (5.75 cm) was noticed by the interaction pet moss and 10 g/L A. majus. The number of leaf in moringa showed the maximum score when the seeds treated by 5 g/l G. glabra, peat moss and their combination. Whereas, the root number characteristic of moringa revealed the maximum values when the seeds treated by 5g/l G.glabra (23.44), pet moss (25.67 ) and its combination (32). The best results of dry biomass weight including shoots and leave were achieved in 5,10 g/L G. glabra and A. majus with peat moss combination, High value of the TPC, TFC and antioxidant – DPPH (3.955, 0.171 and 86.197, respectively) recorded by the interaction of 10 g/L A. majus with loam and significantly superior on other treatment. These results confirm the effectiveness of aqueous extracts of different plant and media cultures on seed germination, plant growth and phytochemical content of M. olefera.

Effects of Chelidonium majus and Ascophyllum nodosum Extracts on Growth and Photosynthesis of Soybean

Herbal extracts used in agriculture are formulated from plants (or other organisms) as alternatives to synthetic chemicals that could have adverse effects on growers, consumers, or the environment. In this study, the effects of two herbal extracts on soybean were assessed: <em>Chelidonium majus</em> (C7: Celext 07) and <em>Ascophyllum nodosum</em> (ST: Stimulagro). A standardized approach for germinating seeds and monitoring early seedling growth for 15 days (SOP-Soybean) was used to evaluate the effects of these extracts. Growth characteristics, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic rate were measured on the fifteenth day after sowing (DAS). A combination of <em>C. majus</em> and <em>A. nodosum</em> (C7+ST), both 1 g L<sup>−1</sup>, was the most beneficial treatment and significantly increased shoot height (13.2%), dry mass (10.7%), and photosynthetic rate (20.3%). In a separate experiment, foliar application of the same compounds was performed on the tenth and twentieth DAS, with sampling on the thirtieth DAS. Foliar applications with 1 g L<sup>−1</sup> of <em>A. nodosum</em> (ST) significantly enhanced the dry mass (23.5%), and the photosynthetic rate was increased even at 10 days after application (22.5%). Therefore, seedling exposure to <em>C. majus</em> (C7) and <em>A. nodosum</em> (ST) and foliar applications of <em>A. nodosum</em> (ST) stimulated the growth and development of soybean. These natural compounds seem to have the potential to act as growth stimulants for soybean and should be tested for their capacity to improve field growth and yield.

Core Imprinting: An Alternative and Economic Approach for Depleting Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Herbal Extracts

AbstractDue to the high toxicity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, in 2011, the German Federal Institute of Risk Assessment recommended that their daily intake limit should be no more than 0.007 µg/kg body weight. The risk of ingesting these substances in herbal preparations, either from their inherent presence in plants or through contamination with pyrrolizidine alkaloid-containing weeds, should not be underestimated. A promising molecular imprinted polymer was developed previously to minimise exposure to these compounds. Due to the high costs of the template and the risk of template bleeding, an alternative and more economic pyrrolizidine alkaloid depleting strategy is still required. Core imprinting, which focuses on the most important structural element in the target molecule, was investigated using triethylamine and tetraethylammonium as easily available and cheap alternative templates. The suitability of core imprinting was demonstrated using a pyrrolizidine alkaloid standard solution if an excess of an alternative template compared to monocrotaline was used for imprinting. Matrix trials in pyrrolizidine alkaloid-spiked Mentha piperita, Chelidonium majus, Glycyrrhiza glabra, and Matricaria chamomilla extracts containing Echium vulgare revealed better pyrrolizidine alkaloid binding than demonstrated for the original molecular imprinted polymer. Echimidine and echimidine-N-oxide were depleted in the range of 31.8–70.0 and 26.1–45.1%, respectively. However, solvent-dependent differences in pyrrolizidine alkaloid binding and inherent plant analytical marker compounds were observed. Hence, binding of analytical marker compounds was better minimised in methanolic than in ethanolic extracts. The present study reveals core imprinting to be an economic alternative approach for depleting pyrrolizidine alkaloids in plant extracts.

Modulatory Effect of Chelidonium majus Extract and Its Alkaloids on LPS-Stimulated Cytokine Secretion in Human Neutrophils.

Due to certain differences in terms of molecular structure, isoquinoline alkaloids from Chelidonium majus engage in various biological activities. Apart from their well-documented antimicrobial potential, some phenanthridine and protoberberine derivatives as well as C. majus extract present with anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects. In this study, the LC–MS/MS method was used to determine alkaloids, phenolic acids, carboxylic acids, and hydroxybenzoic acids. We investigated five individually tested alkaloids (coptisine, berberine, chelidonine, chelerythrine, and sanguinarine) as well as C. majus root extract for their effect on the secretion of IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils). Berberine, chelidonine, and chelerythrine significantly decreased the secretion of TNF-α in a concentration-dependent manner. Sanguinarine was found to be the most potent inhibitor of IL-1β secretion. However, the overproduction of IL-8 and TNF-α and a high cytotoxicity for these compounds were observed. Coptisine was highly cytotoxic and slightly decreased the secretion of the studied cytokines. The extract (1.25–12.5 μg/mL) increased cytokine secretion in a concentration-dependent manner, but an increase in cytotoxicity was also noted. The alkaloids were active at very low concentrations (0.625–2.5 μM), but their potential cytotoxic effects, except for chelidonine and chelerythrine, should not be ignored.

Applicability of a Monolithic Column for Separation of Isoquinoline Alkalodis from Chelidonium majus Extract.

Isoquinoline alkaloids are the main group of secondary metabolites present in Chelidonium majus extracts, and they are still the object of interest of many researchers. Therefore, the development of methods for the investigation and separation of the alkaloids is still an important task. In this work, the application potential of a silica-based monolithic column for the separation of alkaloids was assessed. The influence of the organic modifier, temperature, salt concentration, and pH of the eluent on basic chromatographic parameters such as retention, resolution between neighboring peaks, chromatographic plate numbers, and peak asymmetry were investigated. Based on the obtained results, a gradient elution program was developed and used to separate and quantitatively determine the main alkaloids in a Chelidonium majus root extract.