Major Success Factors Research Articles

Development and implementation of online Dutch L2 courses in adult education: educators’ and providers’ perceptions of constraints and critical success factors

ABSTRACTThis study examines educators’ and providers’ perceptions of constraints and critical success factors of the development and implementation of online L2 learning. The focus is on Dutch L2 learning in adult education in Flanders. Semi-structured interviews with seven educators (shaping pedagogies/curricula) and six providers (organizing/offering language programmes) were conducted. Consequently, a focus group consisting of 12 teachers of Dutch (L2) and teacher trainers was run. The findings show that the main perceived constraints of the design and implementation of an online curriculum are negative beliefs about the effectiveness of online language learning, costs, a lack of technical and pedagogical support and insufficient teacher ICT-skills. The perceived major critical success factors are course design, technological facilities, (technical, financial and pedagogical) support, learner skills and attitudes, and competencies of instructional designers. Although many literature references were found concerning the importance of assessment, teacher skills and the role of the faculties, these were hardly mentioned during the interviews. The findings of this study call for a better financial framework, more collaboration among different stakeholders in the field, a focus on online teacher skills, adequate pedagogical and technical support and for a framework for quality assurance in online language learning.

Success factors for adherence in hyposensitization.

For the success of an immunotherapy regimen, adherence is a major success factor. The goal of our study was to identify the factors that positively and negatively influence patient compliance, and to create strategies to improve it. Four questionnaires were designed for different patient groups: A – after immunotherapy; B – during immunotherapy; C – before immunotherapy; D – no experience with immunotherapy. From March to October 2008, 790 questionnaires were collected. For the first group, questionnaire A was answered by 272 patients. Of these, 15.8% had dropped out of immunotherapy. Women had higher dropout rates than men (16.8% vs. 12.3%). The following aspects of immunotherapy were viewed by the patients as negative: time consuming (69.5%), adverse reactions (62.5%), insufficient patient information (53.7%), no change in use of symptomatic medication (33.8%) and no change in symptoms (60.7%). Despite the mentioned drawbacks, 74% of all patients would still recommend allergen immunotherapy. Questionnaire B was completed by 281 patients. In this group, 8.7% had already considered dropping out. The following unfavourable aspects were identified: time consuming (66.2%), adverse reactions (61.9%), insufficient patient information (54.8%), no change in symptoms (51.2%) and use of symptomatic medication (47.0%). Despite this, up to 95.4% of all patients would recommend immunotherapy. Questionnaire C was filled-out by 55 patients. The following reasons were rated by the patients as “important” or “very important” for the decision to start hyposensitization: long-lasting symptom alleviation (100%), few adverse reactions (98.2%), comprehensive patient information (96.3%), easy integration into daily routine (89.1%), re-assessment of therapy by doctor (83.3%) and reduced need for symptomatic medication (81.8%). Questionnaire D was filled in by 182 participants. 89% had already heard the term hyposensitization before. Their general knowledge regarding this therapy was average (3.23 on a scale of 1 – 6; where 1 = optimum). Long-lasting symptom alleviation (99.5%), comprehensive patient information (97.8%), easy integration into daily routine (96.1%), reduced symptomatic medication use (92.6%) and re-assessment by doctor (88.8%) were considered “very important” or “important” characters in the desired immunotherapy regime. Adherence to the hyposensitization schedule is essential for its success. The treating doctor should aim at choosing the right therapy and working out an individualized patient treatment plan. Equally important is providing information to the patient throughout the duration of the treatment. The doctor should assist the patient to create an optimized time schedule to help make the therapy less time-consuming.

ONLINE GROCERY RETAILING IN GERMANY: AN EXPLORATIVE ANALYSIS

The paper focuses on the German food retailing industry with its market characteristics and the status quo of online food retailing in Germany by analysing data from market research institutes and consumer direct questionnaire. The paper examines the consumers’ perceptions of online as well as offline grocery shopping. As a result, an online grocery model was created using PLS-SEM modelling. It illustrates all major success factors related to the consumer’s willingness to shop for groceries online in Germany. The main factors influencing the willingness to shop for groceries online are awareness of benefits, need for more convenience, and change of the lack of trust in the new distribution channel. We identified some consumer groups that are more open to online shopping as they benefit more from online grocery shopping. Especially working mothers and young professionals are the consumer groups with a high potential interest.

A comparison of methodologies for estimating delivered forest residue volume and cost to a wood-based biorefinery

Plant location can be a major factor in the financial success of a company when feedstock transport costs are high, such as for wood-based biorefineries. Biorefineries sited near large amounts of forest residue can better mitigate against the risk of reduced feedstock availability due to exogenous market constraints. Two methodologies for estimating the volume and cost of delivered forest residues to a biorefinery are presented. Both methodologies are based on data provided by the U.S. Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program. The first methodology is past-predictive in that it uses individual state Timber Product Output (TPO) datasets, while the second methodology is future-predictive in that it uses a spatially explicit economic optimization model of the U.S. forestry sector coupled with stand data at FIA plot locations to project near- and medium-term residue volumes. A Total Delivered Feedstock Cost Model is used with both biomass estimation methods to enable comparison of facility supply curves. A case study assesses four pulp mills, considered as candidate repurposed biorefinery locations, for their ability to procure sufficient biomass under average- and low-yield scenarios utilizing both methods. The facility that procures sufficient feedstock to meet annual biorefinery demand at the least cost under both yield scenarios theoretically provides the least risk to investors in terms of insufficient feedstock availability. The past-predictive methodology was found to be best-suited for refining a list of candidate facilities for further analysis. The future-predictive methodology is best-suited for a robust analysis of facilities using multiple economic and policy scenarios.

Target-directed Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry: A Study on Potentials and Pitfalls as Exemplified on a Bacterial Target.

Target-directed dynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) is an emerging technique for the efficient identification of inhibitors of pharmacologically relevant targets. In this contribution, we present an application for a bacterial target, the lectin FimH, a crucial virulence factor of uropathogenic E. coli being the main cause of urinary tract infections. A small dynamic library of acylhydrazones was formed from aldehydes and hydrazides and equilibrated at neutral pH in presence of aniline as nucleophilic catalyst. The major success factors turned out to be an accordingly adjusted ratio of scaffolds and fragments, an adequate sample preparation prior to HPLC analysis, and the data processing. Only then did the ranking of the dynamic library constituents correlate well with affinity data. Furthermore, as a support of DCC applications especially to larger libraries, a new protocol for improved hit identification was established.

Towards successful adoption of Halal logistics and its implications for the stakeholders

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand the major critical success factors (CSFs), which are instrumental for effective adoption and implementation of Halal logistics (HL) in Halal supply chain (HSC) environment.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 15 CSFs/CSF clusters were identified and used to develop an interpretive structural modelling-based hierarchal and structural model. Further, analysis categorises driving and dependence power of factors. MICMAC has been undertaken to analyse how these CSFs and their hierarchies relate, with paths and levels.FindingsIt was found that there is a need to develop proper guidelines, standards and codes, to train the Halal logisticians. Robust ICT and its appropriate implementation seems as the backbone of the HSC. HL emerges as a key component for the Halal industry to succeed, and the same is required to extend the integrity of the Halal products from the farm to the fork. That’s to develop Halal as an intrinsic characteristic. Thus, organisations should have support from specific CSFs. The paper provides managerial implications, recommendations for effective implementation of HL and further in identifying the pull effect of HL.Research limitations/implicationsThe model so developed is contextual and based on the perception of qualified experts, and they can have biasness of Halal meat supply chain.Originality/valueAn academic research taking views from different stakeholders with findings valuable to researchers and the policy planners.

Technology management in global competition and competitive advantage

Technology is a major factor for success in the global competitive environment. In today's world, by technological development, competition become more intense and new opportunities arise. Obtaining an advantageous position in the global competitive environment depends on satisfying consumer demands with best quality at an affordable cost. However, achieving and maintaining competitive advantage is not only possible with low cost and high efficiency but also with right technology management. Meeting the changing needs and demands, ensuring competitive advantage and realizing economic growth depends on following technological developments and adapting new technologies to production activities and processes. In this context, it is necessary to understand the relationship between technology and competition, form necessary strategies, realize research and development activities for new technologies, make necessary investments and carry out the process of technology management. Technology management becomes essential for economic growth and sustainability of companies. This study aims to evaluate the impact on competitive advantage of technology management by putting out the importance of technology management.

Latino Student Persistence Strategies in Transferring from Community College to Tier 1 Universities: A Phenomenological Analysis

<p style="text-align:justify">This study is a departure from discussions on why community college students do not transfer in large numbers, but instead, provides an analysis of Latino students from community college who have successfully transferred to Tier 1 universities. The conceptual framework included student engagement theory (Kuh, 2003), the support for student autonomy (Koestner et al., 2015), and the importance of students studying to mastery (Sarwat & Irshad, 2012). These theories were applied to the central research question, ‘What strategies do Latino students from a community college use to create a successful transition from community college to Tier 1 colleges and universities?’ The researcher generated six themes on how Latino students experienced successful transfer: institutional support, student transfer experiences, strategies to adapt, financial support, studying to mastery, and family support as major factors for academic success. These findings would be significant to student development specialists in community colleges. Further, such findings can be used to support Latino community college students as they sought transfer to four-year colleges and universities.</p>

Forecasting the Implementation Success of AMT in SMEs using an Integrated AHP-TOPSIS Approach

The adoption of Advance Manufacturing Technology (AMT) requires careful planning at each level of organization due to large capital investments involved in newer technology. It has been seen in many cases that the AMTs have improved the firm's peformances, however according to recognized practitioners there is still a possibility of project failure due to adoption of this new technology. Hence it is always practiced to identify the major success factors that influence the adoption of AMTs. This study proposes a hybrid model for AMT justification which takes account thirteen factors and their relative importance in the justification phase. The justification phase comprises of three sub-phases: identification of critical factors; calculation of priority weights and ranking of critical factors and determination of possibility of successful adoption of the technology. The results showed that in order to have fruitful result from AMT investment, the strategic issues, technology transfer and continuous support of management should be properly organized to avoid the barriers in successful adoption of advance technologies.

Role of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) on tenocytes and myoblasts-potential application for treating rotator cuff tears

The post-surgery integrity of the tendons and muscle quality are the two major factors in success of rotator cuff (RC) repair. Though surgical techniques for rotator cuff repair have significantly improved in the past two decades, there are no effective treatments to improve tendon-to-bone healing and muscle quality after repair at this point in time. Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) have previously been used for promoting fracture healing. Previous studies have shown that PEMF has a positive role in promoting osteoblast precursors proliferation and differentiation. However, PEMFs effect on tenocytes and muscle cells has not been determined fully yet. The purpose of this study is to define the role of a commercially available PEMF on tenocytes and myoblasts growth and differentiation in vitro. Human rotator cuff tenocytes and C2C12 murine myoblasts were cultured and treated with PEMF for 2 weeks under regular and inflammatory conditions. Our results showed that 2 weeks treatment of PEMF enhanced gene expressions of growth factors in human rotator cuff tenocytes under inflammatory conditions. PEMF significantly enhanced C2C12 myotube formation under normal and inflammatory conditions. Results from this study suggest that PEMF has a positive role in promoting tenocyte gene expression and myoblast differentiation. Therefore, PEMF may potentially serve as a non-operative treatment to improve clinical incomes rotator cuff tendon repairs. Results © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:956-964, 2017.

Contribution of Hyoid and Tonsillar Procedures to Outcome in Multilevel Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Background/Objective: In multilevel surgery for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), the contribution of distinct operative steps is still unclear. The aim of the present study is to retrospectively compare different combinations of multilevel surgeries in order to estimate the contribution of hyoid and tonsillar procedures to the outcome. Methods: A total of 45 patients were selected in a retrospectively matched case-control study from a database of patients who underwent surgery for OSA at our institution: group A (n = 15) had hyoid suspension, tonsillectomy, and radiofrequency-assisted uvulopalatoplasty (RAUP); group B (n = 15) had hyoid pharyngoplasty with resection of the hyoid body and preepiglottic fat tissue, tonsillectomy, and RAUP; and group C (n = 15) had hyoid suspension and RAUP but no tonsillectomy, because the tonsils had already been removed. The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was defined as the primary outcome measure. Results: The postoperative AHI significantly improved in groups A and B, in which all patients had a tonsillectomy. However, the improvement in the patients of group C, who had no tonsillectomy, was not significant (p = 0.08). Conclusion: The patients having undergone multilevel surgery without tonsillectomy showed significantly poorer postoperative results, suggesting that the effectiveness of hyoid procedures at the level of the hypopharynx may be limited. However, removal of the tonsils is a major predictive factor for postoperative success.

Resistance to change in the case of mergers and acquisitions: part 2

PurposeMergers and acquisitions (M&As) are inherent to firms evolving in today’s business world, whether they be corporate giants, SMEs or start-ups. While the ultimate objective of an M&A is to improve the newly constructed firm’s performance, financial and technical impacts are but some of the considerations the organization will need to face. Indeed, employee resistance appears to be a major factor in the overall success of this strategic move. Throughout this three-part paper, the purpose of this paper is to provide a thorough overview of the forces at play in employee resistance to change, its influence on the M&A’s success, and the ways to address such resistance.Design/methodology/approachBased on existing empirical studies, industry expert findings and academic reviews, this paper sought to link together the concepts of communication at a time of change, leadership, employee involvement, feeling of adherence to the firm (the four key pillars), and their respective influences in how they may handicap or aid the firm in achieving its M&A objectives.FindingsAlthough it may seem like a straightforward concept, resistance to change in the turbulent time that is a merger and acquisition situation is anything but simple. Classic assumptions of resistance being a negative force or participation being a requisite part of overcoming resistance are challenged. At the same time, leadership and employee feeling of adherence to their previous organization play a supporting role when compared to the significant influence of communication pre, during, and after the merger. The ensuing portrait is thus multifaceted and underscores the complexity of handling an M&A at the human resources level.Research limitations/implicationsWhilst the paper allowed to identify and link the different factors at play, a thorough empirical study in order to compare and contrast those factors at an M&A’s different stages (pre-during-post), and thus evaluate their respective importance, would be commendable.Practical implicationsIn providing an overview of several aspects at play in employee resistance to change, this paper allows a management practitioner to consolidate their knowledge on the process’ four key pillars.Social implicationsBy illustrating not only its – expected – negative outcomes, but by also providing a glimpse at some potential benefits in terms of increased merger performance, this paper gives managers incentives to not always challenge but also embrace their employee’s resistance to change as a healthy part of the firm’s transformation process.Originality/valueThis literature review provides an overview of resistance to change and draws parallels between the concepts explored herein and the M&A situation, which would be useful to the general practitioner undergoing an M&A.

Resistance to change in the case of mergers and acquisitions: part 3

PurposeMergers and acquisitions (M&As) are inherent to firms evolving in today’s business world, whether they be corporate giants, SMEs or start-ups. While the ultimate objective of an M&A is to improve the newly constructed firm’s performance, financial and technical impacts are but some of the considerations the organization will need to face. Indeed, employee resistance appears to be a major factor in the overall success of this strategic move. Throughout this three-part paper, the purpose of this paper is to provide a thorough overview of the forces at play in employee resistance to change, its influence on the M&A’s success, and the ways to address such resistance.Design/methodology/approachBased on existing empirical studies, industry expert findings and academic reviews, this paper sought to link together the concepts of communication at a time of change, leadership, employee involvement, feeling of adherence to the firm (the four key pillars), and their respective influences in how they may handicap or aid the firm in achieving its M&A objectives.FindingsAlthough it may seem like a straightforward concept, resistance to change in the turbulent time that is an M&A situation is anything but simple. Classic assumptions of resistance being a negative force or participation being a requisite part of overcoming resistance are challenged. At the same time, leadership and employee feeling of adherence to their previous organization play a supporting role when compared to the significant influence of communication pre, during and after the merger. The ensuing portrait is, thus, multifaceted and underscores the complexity of handling an M&A at the human resources level.Research limitations/implicationsWhilst the paper allowed to identify and link the different factors at play, a thorough empirical study in order to compare and contrast those factors at an M&A’s different stages (pre-during-post), and thus evaluate their respective importance, would be commendable.Practical implicationsIn providing an overview of several aspects at play in employee resistance to change, this paper allows management practitioners to consolidate their knowledge on the process’ four key pillars.Social implicationsBy illustrating not only its – expected – negative outcomes, but by also providing a glimpse at some potential benefits in terms of increased merger performance, this paper gives managers incentives to not always challenge but also embrace their employee’s resistance to change as a healthy part of the firm’s transformation process.Originality/valueThis literature review provides an overview of resistance to change and draws parallels between the concepts explored herein and the M&A situation, which would be useful to the general practitioner undergoing an M&A.

Resistance to change in the case of mergers and acquisitions: part 1

PurposeMergers and acquisitions (M&A) are inherent to firms evolving in today’s business world, whether they be corporate giants, SMEs or start-ups. While the ultimate objective of an M&A is to improve the newly constructed firm’s performance, financial and technical impacts are but some of the considerations the organization will need to face. Indeed, employee resistance appears to be a major factor in the overall success of this strategic move. The purpose of this paper, three part, is to provide a thorough overview of the forces at play in employee resistance to change, its influence on the M&A’s success, and the ways to address such resistance.Design/methodology/approachBased on existing empirical studies, industry expert findings and academic reviews, this paper sought to link together the concepts of communication at a time of change, leadership, employee involvement, feeling of adherence to the firm (the four key pillars) and their respective influences in how they may handicap or aid the firm in achieving its M&A objectives.FindingsAlthough it may seem like a straightforward concept, resistance to change in the turbulent time that is a merger and acquisition situation is anything but simple. Classic assumptions of resistance being a negative force or participation being a requisite part of overcoming resistance are challenged. At the same time, leadership and employee feeling of adherence to their previous organization play a supporting role when compared to the significant influence of communication pre, during and after the merger. The ensuing portrait is thus multifaceted and underscores the complexity of handling an M&A at the human resources level.Research limitations/implicationsWhilst the paper allowed to identify and link the different factors at play, a thorough empirical study in order to compare and contrast those factors at an M&A’s different stages (pre-during-post), and thus evaluate their respective importance, would be commendable.Practical implicationsIn providing an overview of several aspects at play in employee resistance to change, this paper allows a management practitioner to consolidate their knowledge on the process’ four key pillars.Social implicationsBy illustrating not only its – expected – negative outcomes, but by also providing a glimpse at some potential benefits in terms of increased merger performance, this paper gives managers incentives to not always challenge but also embrace their employee’s resistance to change as a healthy part of the firm’s transformation process.Originality/valueThis literature review provides an overview of resistance to change and draws parallels between the concepts explored herein and the M&A situation, which would be useful to the general practitioner undergoing an M&A.

Export experience and key success factors in cross-border trade: Evidence from Southern Africa

Orientation: Cross-border trade (CBT) is an important economic activity that contributes to the development of many economies of the developing world.Research purpose: The two primary aims of the study were to find out the major factors needed to succeed in cross-border trading and whether the importance of these factors significantly decreased with export experience.Motivation for the study: The economic contribution of cross-border trade (CBT) is often understated. As a result, it does not get the attention it deserves.Research design, approach and method: Data were collected in Gauteng from 146 cross-border traders from 10 Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries. A cross-sectional research design was used.Main findings: The major key success factors were found to be skills/knowledge in; markets and supplies; financial management; and border issues. The importance of these factors was found to not significantly change with levels of export experience.Practical/managerial implications: Stakeholders should know that small firms of differing export experience require the same interventions to succeed. Interventions should empower traders to better access markets and supplies, improve their financial management skills and ease border constraints.Contribution/value-add: Few studies on cross border trading have been carried out in the Southern African Development Community region. The key success factors and the constraints in this type of trade had not been adequately explored. The economic contribution of CBT, which usually goes unnoticed, was highlighted. Interventions to appropriately address the challenges faced, such as trading legitimacy and border harassment, were suggested.

Investigation of Major Success Factors on Building Construction Projects Management System in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Major success factors (MSFs) in construction industry are inputs to project management practice which can lead directly or indirectly to project success. Ethiopia is one of the developing countries which cannot achieve its construction project goals due to lack of adherence to different major success factors. This is also true in in the study area of Addis Ababa. The purpose of this study was to investigate major success factors in building construction projects of Addis Ababa. The data collection was conducted using questionnaire, desk review and interview. 120 questionnaires were distributed to 7 contractors, 4 clients, 5 consultants and 2 others companies. From 120 questionnaires, 81 questionnaires were returned back and used for analysis. From 68 identified major management success factors; decision making effectiveness, project delivery system, timely decision by owner/owner’s representative, contractor’s cash flow, leadership skills of project manager and adequacy of fund are the most significant success factors. Considering results of this research, in order to accomplish building construction projects successfully the management should have effective decision making ability. The project delivery system also has great role for accomplishing building projects successfully.

Fédération Internationale Des Ingénieurs Conseils (FIDIC) Variation Order Clause

To paraphrase the Greek philosopher Heraclitus, change is the only constant in construction projects. Changes in scope occur as projects progress from design through practical completion. FIDIC General Conditions Clause 13 [1] is one of the most important terms and implementing. It is also major factor for project success. Once all project parties understand and fairly use this clause, the impact will be minimising the expected disputes by 50% at least. Thus, this paper is considering illustrated variation order clause by flow chart technique to ensure that all the engineers are handling easily those subclasses.

Colony and evolutionary dynamics of a two‐stage model with brood cannibalism and division of labor in social insects

AbstractDivision of labor (DOL) is a major factor for the great success of social insects because it increases the efficiency of a social group where different individuals perform different tasks repeatedly and presumably with increased performance. Cannibalism plays an important role in regulating colony growth and development by regulating the number of individuals in a colony and increasing survival by providing access to essential nutrients and minimizing competition among colony mates. To understand the synergy effects of DOL and cannibalistic behavior on colony dynamic outcomes, we propose and study a compartmental two‐stage model using ecological and evolutionary game theory settings. Our analytical results of the ecological and evolutionary models suggest that: (1) A noncannibalistic colony can survive if the efficiency of energy investment reflecting the DOL is greater than the relative death rate of the older population. (2) A cannibalistic colony can die out if both the efficiency of energy investment and the relative cannibalism rate (where each is also reflecting the DOL) are too large; or if the relative cannibalism rate alone is too small. (3) From our numerical analysis, cannibalism can increase or reduce the colony's total population size, which greatly depends on the benefit of egg cannibalism increasing or decreasing of adult's lifespan. (4) A cannibalistic and noncannibalistic colony can experience bistability due to cooperative behavior. (5) In the evolutionary settings, DOL can prevent colony death and natural selection can preserve strong Allee effects by selecting the traits with the largest investment on brood care and the lowest cannibalism rate. (6) Evolutionary dynamics may increase the fitness of the colony, i.e., the successful production of workforce which results in the increase of total worker population size, colony survival, and reproduction. Our results suggest both cannibalism and DOLs are adaptive strategies that increase the size of the worker population, and therefore, persistence of the colony.

Use of a locking plate “notched head T-plate®” for the fixation of an ilial body fracture in a dog

Several types of implants may be used to treat iliac fractures in dogs, of which osteosynthesis with plate is the most described and recommended in the literature. The type of plate and screw are major factors in osteosynthesis success. The use of locking plates has been advocated for this purpose, as they do not allow the plate-bone-screw unit to shift, providing angular stability and rigidity to the system. The present study aimed to describe the unprecedented use of a locking notched head T-plate in the treatment of a caudal body of ilium fracture. A two year old male mongrel dog was attended after falling from a third floor height, with two days of evolution. The animal was in standing position, and during orthopedic examination non-weight bearing lameness of the right hind limb, instability, and crepitus in the right body of ilium, with considerable swelling and pain. The radiographic examination allowed diagnosing a complete fracture of the caudal body of ilium with decrease of the pelvic canal diameter. The patient underwent surgery, and the fracture was stabilized with an LCP notched head T-plate. The patient evolved satisfactorily, with good weight-bearing of the affected limb within 24 hours of surgery, and complete recovery with medical discharge after 60 days of postoperative period, with consolidation of the fracture.

Learning Problems in Children of Refugee Background: A Systematic Review.

Learning problems are common, affecting up to 1 in 10 children. Refugee children may have cumulative risk for educational disadvantage, but there is limited information on learning in this population. To review the evidence on educational outcomes and learning problems in refugee children and to describe their major risk and resource factors. Medline, Embase, PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, and Education Resources Information Center. English-language articles addressing the prevalence and determinants of learning problems in refugee children. Data were extracted and analyzed according to Arksey and O'Malley's descriptive analytical method for scoping studies. Thirty-four studies were included. Refugee youth had similar secondary school outcomes to their native-born peers; there were no data on preschool or primary school outcomes. There were limited prevalence data on learning problems, with single studies informing most estimates and no studies examining specific language disorders or autism spectrum disorders. Major risk factors for learning problems included parental misunderstandings about educational styles and expectations, teacher stereotyping and low expectations, bullying and racial discrimination, premigration and postmigration trauma, and forced detention. Major resource factors for success included high academic and life ambition, "gift-and-sacrifice" motivational narratives, parental involvement in education, family cohesion and supportive home environment, accurate educational assessment and grade placement, teacher understanding of linguistic and cultural heritage, culturally appropriate school transition, supportive peer relationships, and successful acculturation. Studies are not generalizable to other cohorts. This review provides a summary of published prevalence estimates for learning problems in resettled refugee children, highlights key risk and resource factors, and identifies gaps in research.