Mainstream Principles Research Articles

PUBLIC SERVICE LOGIC: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW AND FUTURE RESEARCH AGENDA

Public Service Logic (PSL) has emerged as a prominent topic in contemporary discussions on the fundamentals of public service delivery, challenging the mainstream principles dominated by New Public Management (NPM). Essentially, PSL is grounded in a service-dominant approach, while NPM follows a product-dominant approach. This distinction implies that public services should focus on co-creating value rather than relying solely on one-sided product delivery. This study aims to systematically analyze the literature on PSL through a systematic literature review method. The review is crucial for understanding the dynamics and trajectory of PSL research, as well as identifying existing research gaps to inform future research agendas.

Using the Flipped Classroom Model to Prevent Sexual Violence in Special Needs Children

The Flipped Classroom learning is designed to develop a future learning model for Special Needs Children (SNC). This article investigates students' perceptions of the impact of learning transitions on the prevention and handling of sexual violence in integrated children with disabilities using gender mainstreaming principles and teacher beliefs. This research utilizes a mixed methods approach within a concurrent design structure that combines primary research using quantitative surveys with semi-structured qualitative interviews. The delivery of sex abuse material through traditional methods such as lectures or tutorials is replaced with flipped Classroom learning through instructional videos. This study found that the transition was generally well-received by students with SNC in inclusive schools. Engaged students tended to perform well in the flipped Classroom learning environment. However, scaffolding in the form of teacher beliefs and gender mainstreaming to prepare students for the transition to flipped Classroom learning is key to promoting knowledge acquisition, performance, engagement, collaboration, and overall positive student experiences.

PUTUSAN HAKIM ATAS PEMENUHAN HAK-HAK ISTRI PADA KASUS CERAI GUGAT DALAM PERSPEKTIF CEDAW

This study aims to identify the dimension of gender justice in the judge's decision on the divorce case in the Tasikmalaya City Religious Court Decision No. 2000/Pdt. G/2021/PA Tmk which requires the husband (defendant) to pay 'iddah, mut'ah, and madhliyah to the wife (plaintiff). This normative-empirical legal research uses a philosophical approach. The principle of gender equality in CEDAW becomes the theory of analysis of the subject matter of this study. The results of the study show that there is a dimension of gender justice in the judge's decision at the Tasikmalaya City Religious Court No. 2000/Pdt.G/2021/Pa.Tm which is in line with the three principles of the CEDAW convention. First, the principle of substantive equality in the judge's gender-fair decision for the rights of plaintiffs is manifested juridically in the decision of the Tasikmalaya City Religious Court. Second, the principle of non-discrimination in the judge's decision that is gender fair to the plaintiff's rights based on the defendant has no longer provided a living. Third, the principle of state obligation on gender-fair judges' decisions for plaintiffs' rights based on gender-responsive laws on women's rights after divorce. The theoretical implications of this study show that the principle of gender mainstreaming in the CEDAW convention can be transformed into the decision of a Religious Court judge regarding a lawsuit case. The limitation of this study has not examined the variety of factors that often make judges passive, so that if the plaintiff does not demand a grant from the defendant, then the plaintiff does not get material rights from the plaintiff.

The Paradigma of legal science in a global digital society

Digital society development is transforming reality in a manner that impacts all aspects of our society: the economic, the social, the political and, in consequence, the legal. Not surprisingly, this digital revolution compels us towards a general rethinking of the paradigms of legal science, which must now be examined in the light of this new reality. At the same time, the urgent need to respond to binding international commitments that have been acquired in an effort to demonstrate a commitment to inclusive societies and non-exclusionary citizen models inevitably requires incorporation of the principle of gender mainstreaming, which can only be understood from the iusfeminist methodology from which it originates. This inevitably leads us to consider the relationship between a concept of law that regulates (or should regulate) our social and individual life, and a jurist-agent model that, by its own action or omission, will shape and legitimise the same and, consequently, the need for critical, meditative thinking in the area of philosophy of law.

The acceptability of cognitive behaviour therapy in Indonesian community health care

Abstract Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is considered to be the most empirically supported treatment in the Western world. However, many authors emphasize the need for cultural adaptations of CBT for patients in a non-Western context. Before considering such adaptations, it is important to investigate the reasons and the degree to which this type of treatment should be adapted. One important factor is the acceptability of CBT by local health care consumers in non-Western countries, for which there is only very limited empirical evidence. This explorative study aimed to investigate the acceptability of CBT’s principles and specific interventions in Indonesia. Lectures and video clips were developed, demonstrating various mainstream CBT principles and procedures. These were presented to 32 out-patients and mental health volunteers from various Indonesian community health centres (Puskesmas), who were asked to rate to what extent they considered the presented materials to be acceptable in accordance with their personal, family, cultural and religious values. Acceptance in all four value domains was rated as very high for the general features of CBT, as well as for the content of the video clips. There were no significant differences in acceptability between the value domains. The presented study suggests that mainstream CBT applications, which are slightly culturally adapted in terms of language, therapist–patient interaction and presentation, might resonate well with consumers in community health centres in Indonesia. Key learning aims (1) Adapting CBT to non-Western patients should be based on empirical evidence. (2) The potential need for adaptation of CBT might depend on the acceptability of unadapted CBT. (3) Acceptability is assumed to be related to patients’ values.

Pengaruh Ketimpangan Gender pada Perempuan terhadap Kondisi Ketersediaan Air Bersih Rumah Tangga di Desa Maradesa Timur Kabupaten Sumba Tengah

Clean water is a basic human need that supports the sustainability of life and public health. The ability to access clean water determines the amount of household clean water stored, domestic activities and clean, healthy behavior. Women are mostly responsible for water availability in East Nusa Tenggara (73,4%) and based on a gender perspective, this is gender inequality. The study aims to determine the influence of gender inequality on women on water availability in a household setting. This research was an analytical survey with a cross-sectional design. This research was conducted in East Maradesa Village, Central Sumba Regency in 2020 on 124 families with a sample of 95 women. The data analysis used multiple regression with α=0,05 (5%). The result indicated that gender inequality simultaneously had a significant effect on water availability with a meaning level of 9% (p=0.009; F=4.087; adjusted R2=0.09). The government needs to create a program with gender mainstreaming principles, and provide gender education through the family planning development program for communities in the village of East Maradesa, Central of Sumba.

An Exploration of The Role Played by Men During Pregnancy and Childbirth in Kenya

According to gender mainstreaming principles, male involvement during pregnancy and childbirth is a pivotal strategy for improving birth outcomes. The objective of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of the role played by husbands and fiancées during pregnancy and childbirth. To gather data, 135 Antenatal care (ANC) attendees, 30 non-ANC-attendees, 5 nurses and 8 TBAs were interviewed from 10 randomly selected health facilities from 18 health facilities that offer comprehensive health care. This information was collected between 2017 and 2018 in Kitui West- Sub-County, Kenya and was collected through asking two pertinent questions; a) Whether expectant women sought permission before choosing place of delivery, b) Who determined final place of delivery. The study utilized quantitative and qualitative methods of study. Analysis of the study was done by content. From the results; 50 percent of Final place of delivery indicated that; 64 percent out of 135 ANC-attendees delivered in a health facility, 34 percent out of this number were encouraged by significant others. Fifty six percent out of the significant ones were husbands who directed their wives to deliver in a health facility. Out of 49 ANC-attendees who delivered at home, 36.7 percent were influenced by significant others. Out of these significant others, 27 percent were husbands. On the other hand, 6 respondents out of 30 non- ANC-attendees, delivered at home having been instructed by their husbands.

Impacto de género

En la IV Conferencia Mundial sobre la Mujer de Naciones Unidas se introduce el principio de transversalidad como nueva estrategia en las políticas públicas de igualdad. Para hacer de la igualdad eje de todas las políticas en el Estado español se adoptó la Ley 30/2003, de 13 de octubre, sobre medidas para incorporar la valoración del impacto de género en las disposiciones normativas que elaborara el Gobierno. Surge así la voz impacto de género que trataremos de definir en este artículo, así como su desarrollo y aplicación. La obligatoriedad de elaborar informes de impacto de género en las disposiciones normativas se mostraba como una herramienta idónea para desarrollar la transversalidad en todas las políticas, sin embargo, los análisis sobre la implementación de esta Ley han demostrado que la carencia de una metodología específica ha limitado sus potenciales efectos. Se espera que la regulación que establece el Real Decreto 1083/2009 y su posterior actualización permita una mejor aplicación.

Educación sustentable no formal para conservar los manglares en zonas costeras con estudiantes de Sociología, UAGro

Ante la crisis ambiental surge la importancia de la educación. Las universidades tienen el compromiso de fomentar la sustentabilidad, de ahí que sea necesario que la dimensión ambiental figure en el currículo para desarrollar iniciativas transversales y actividades que contribuyan no solo a comprender la crisis ambiental, sino también a intervenir en ella con estrategias. En tal sentido, la presente investigación (desarrollada entre enero y septiembre de 2019) tuvo el propósito de identificar la dimensión ambiental en el plan de estudio de la Escuela Superior de Sociología (PEESS) dependiente de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero (UAGro) para luego implementar y evaluar un curso-taller no formal sobre educación ambiental, el cual estuvo enfocado en el tema de la conservación de los manglares.
 En síntesis, fue un estudio mixto, con un enfoque de investigación-acción que se contempló en tres fases: en la primera se realizó un diagnóstico para identificar la dimensión ambiental en el currículo, para lo cual se aplicó una entrevista diseñada con variables como inclusión de la dimensión ambiental en el PEESS, percepción de la crisis ambiental, importancia de la educación ambiental y manglares. La segunda fase comprendió el diseño y elaboración con su respectiva planeación didáctica del curso-taller. Para este se siguió una metodología constructivista y de competencias. Las temáticas que se definieron fueron educación ambiental y conservación de los manglares. La tercera fase estuvo conformada por la aplicación y evaluación del referido curso-taller.
 Los resultados indican que en el PEESS escasamente se integra la dimensión ambiental debido a que las unidades de aprendizaje que lo conforman no vinculan dicha temática con sus objetivos. La universidad, por tanto, debe incorporar en sus planes de estudio la educación ambiental como tema transversal no formal, de manera que los estudiantes promuevan competencias ambientales para enfrentar con propuestas de solución las problemáticas ambientales actuales. En la segunda fase, fue posible preparar un curso-taller sobre Educación Ambiental para conservar los manglares con una base científica, contempló dos sesiones, actividades y métodos de evaluación y en la tercera fase se asistió a la aplicación y evaluación realizada. Ello permitió saber que el aprendizaje y los aprendizajes en educación Ambiental para conservar los manglares fueron adquiridas.
 El Modelo Educativo de la UAGro establece la sustentabilidad y, por tanto, la introducción de temas transversales como el medio ambiente y otros temas. Sin embargo, el PEESS apenas contempla esta dimensión. Autores como Yanez y Álvarez (2019) afirman que distintos países deben incorporar el principio de transversalidad curricular en la enseñanza de la Educación Ambiental para el desarrollo sostenible a través de sus sistemas educativos. Linares, Tovilla y De la Preza (2004a) consideran que la Educación Ambiental es necesaria para ayudar a crear conciencia sobre el problema que afecta a los manglares en la actualidad. También establecen que, a través de talleres para la protección de los manglares, se ha logrado involucrar a algunas personas sobre el aprovechamiento del manglar y sus recursos.

The Destruction of the Heterosexual Family? The Discourse of Opponents of the Gender Mainstreaming Educational Curriculum in Baden-Württemberg, Germany

The implementation of gender mainstreaming principles in the educational curriculum of the German Federal state Baden-Wurttemberg has caused protests that have gained significant attention in media. Using discourse analysis this article investigates how the media discourse of opponents constructs risks and dangers of gender mainstreaming. It will be shown that opponents perceive gender mainstreaming as a governmental hidden agenda aimed at destroying the heterosexual families by questioning the assumed “natural order” of hetero-normativity and patriarchy as the ruling ideology in public schools. Implying that harmful knowledge about Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transsexual, Transgender, Intersex, Queer (LGBTTIQ) ways of life would disturb the binary gender identity of pupils and sexualize them prematurely, gender mainstreaming is understood as the core mechanism to accomplish this hidden agenda implemented through the disciplinary power of schools. Referring to biological and religious arguments the opponents’ discourse is based on sexualizing non-heteronormative life by intermingling categories of gender and sexuality. Therefore, our findings imply that in order to support gender mainstreaming in society a greater public awareness for the difference between gender and sexuality is needed, so that bias of defining LGBTTIQ life through sexual practices becomes obvious to the audience of this discourse.

Gender Mainstreaming Principles in Indonesia’s REDD+ Program A Document Analysis

This paper analyzes publically available, published documents to conduct a systematic review of the inclusion of gender mainstreaming principles in documents related to one of the largest, most important international forest-preservation projects, Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+). Although more than 60 countries have adopted REDD+ initiatives, this document analysis focuses specifically on REDD+ in Indonesia, both because of its early adoption of REDD+ and as one of the most ecologically diverse and environmentally important countries in the world. Of the 383 documents reviewed, only 88 were found to include any mention of gender, and of those, very few included gender mainstreaming principles to a level that could be considered integrated and substantive. The distinct lack of these widely touted but seldom implemented principles should be of concern to international and national policy makers, and taken under serious consideration during the forthcoming Conference of the Parties (COP) 21 meetings in Paris. Moreover, this analysis is the first step to identifying where women’s voices may still be silent, and lays the groundwork for more extensive, on the ground research of REDD+ project sites to evaluate the extent to which gender mainstreaming is or is not incorporated into actual project implementation in Indonesia.

The health of women and girls: how can we address gender equality and gender equity?

This article focuses on the health of women and girls, and the role of addressing gender inequalities experienced by women and girls. The health of both males and females is influenced by sex, or biological factors, and gender, or socially constructed influences, including gender differences in the distribution and impact of social determinants of health, access to health promoting resources, health behaviors and gender discourse, and the ways in which health systems are organized and financed, and how they deliver care. Various strategies to address the health of women and girls have been developed at intergovernmental, regional, and national level, and by international nongovernmental organizations. These include vertical programs which aim to target specific health risks and deliver services to meet women and girl's needs, and more cross-cutting approaches which aim at "gender" policy making. Much of this work has developed following the adoption of gender mainstreaming principles across different policy arenas and scales of policy making, and this article reviews some of these strategies and the evidence for their success, before concluding with a consideration of future directions in global policy.

Polityka genderowa Unii Europejskiej - geneza i ewolucja

The purpose of this article is to assess the phenomenon of discrimination against women and ways to combat it in the EU. The starting point of consideration is an attempt to define contemporary feminism and to identify the common mani‑ festations of discrimination against women. Set against this background are the institutionalised actions taken in favour of women on a global scale as well as EUs gender policy. It was found that the gap that occurs between gender equality de jure and de facto contributed to the implementation in the EU of the principle of gender mainstreaming (active and visible to the mainstreaming of gender in all strategies, policies and programmes).

Gender justice and global policy paradigms

Over the past decade, gender equality and gender mainstreaming principles have been adopted by a number of international and regional organizations such as the United Nations (UN), the World Bank a...

HIV/AIDS in Physiotherapy Education – Mainstreaming Using UN Principles

HIV /AID S remains at epidemic levels in South Africa with onein ten people affected by the HI virus. The United Nations program for AID S(UNAID S) has defined five principles that can be used to mainstream HIV .The five key principles are: the development of a clearly defined entry point;use of existing policies, structures and frameworks; advocacy sensitizationand capacity building; distinguishing between the external (institutionalinterventions) and internal (staff risks and vulnerability) domain; and developingstrategic partnerships. A proposed HIV curriculum for physiotherapists wasbeen developed from a series of studies undertaken to understand the issues related to HIV using the principles ofmainstreaming.The purpose of this paper is to explore how each principle of mainstreaming can be applied in physiotherapyeducation and curricula.Each mainstreaming principle was considered and ways in which it could be mainstreamed into physiotherapytraining and practice, using data from the patients’, academics’ and clinicians’ experience were proposed.The five principles can be used in South African settings. In principle one the aetiology, approaches to treatment,management of conditions and symptoms are used to identify entry points for introducing HIV teaching. Relevantexamples of conditions associated with HIV include pain, stroke, specific muscle weakness patterns, fatigue andcardiopulmonary system problems (e.g. breathlessness). The role of physiotherapy in HIV management is also a goodentry point.For principle two, policies were considered. Pertinent areas such as antiretroviral use, frameworks such as theInternational Classification of Function (ICF), Worthington’s rehabilitation framework and CBR can also be integratedwith HIV physiotherapy curriculum and practice. Sensitised and aware staff as promoted in principle three,can advocate for affected patients and role model appropriate practice and attitudes in HIV management thuscontributing to reducing stigma and burnout. Integrating policies with the need to avoid risks and correct inappropriateattitudes of staff is promoted and promoting strategic partnerships and collaborative work will help provideappropriate services.Using the mainstreaming principles allows for the inclusion of HIV content in physiotherapy education and practice.Both physiotherapy curriculum and continuous professional development may use this information to respondappropriately.

Specificitŕ del restauro del moderno

The paper begins with a brief overview of the history of the restoration of the modern and then goes on to explore the specific characteristics, posing the question of whether the new technical problems in the practice of restoring the modern are to be sought in the basic mainstream principles, theories and traditional methods of restoration or whether they constitute a powerful tool to develop, perhaps experimentally, a renewal of the general approach to conservation in architecture. Although it is important not to generalise in the approach to intervention on modern architecture, very specific situations were discovered in terms of historical investigation, analysis of degeneration and the lines of designs for intervention which are also illustrated with specific cases.

An Elusive Goal? Gender Equity and Gender Equality in Health Policy

Variations in the health of men and women are well known: men have poorer life expectancy than women in virtually every country, and there are differences between women and men in patterns of morbidity across the life course. These variations reflect both biology and gender, and health systems play a part through the services they offer. In recent years a number of national governments and international bodies have paid increasing attention to gender inequalities, and gender mainstreaming has been adopted by as a key policy objective at various levels of governance. While gender mainstreaming has resulted in some successes, analysis of the depth of change suggests a less optimistic view, reflecting the persistence of barriers to gender mainstreaming in health, which include a lack of resources, uncertainty over the goals of gender mainstreaming, and notional rather than genuine adoption of gender mainstreaming principles. Underlying these barriers however, is the use of bureaucratic and systems-based approaches to gender mainstreaming. The failure to challenge underlying gender relations of power allows gender strategies to become technocratic exercises which achieve results in terms of the boxes ticked, but not in relation to what matters: the health and health opportunities of both women and men.

Text and anti-text in teaching the economics of the firm

How can an instructor facilitate a critical examination of the theory of the firm found in mainstream microeconomics principles texts? We suggest not presenting a single alternative paradigm, where students might feel constrained to choose one over the other, but rather an 'anti-text' that shows a variety of different critical perspectives. The limitations as well as the ideology of the mainstream texts are revealed both by what they say and what they don't, by the evidence that is ignored and by the myths that are perpetuated. Attempts by firms to influence consumer demand and the legal, regulatory and political environment are off limits for mainstream texts; in addition firms such as non-profits and cooperatives are ignored. The focus is on the mythical perfectly competitive firm with 'u'-shaped costs, constricting it to remain a small, powerless, price-taking entity.

A Complex-Systems Approach to Pastoral Commons

In recent years a new approach has begun to emerge in commons scholarship that draws on complex systems thinking and that makes use of concepts such as fit, scale, and the adaptive renewal cycle. This paper explores what complex systems thinking has to offer for commons scholarship by applying these concepts to the pastoral commons of the Gabra ethnic group of north-central Kenya. The concepts of fit and scale can help us to understand why some features of the institutional regime of the Gabra do not conform to mainstream principles such as clearly defined boundaries, clearly defined membership rules, and subsidiarity. The notion of the adaptive renewal cycle can help us to describe and understand some aspects of dynamics of Gabra institutions, especially those related to the management of shallow wells. Applying the adaptive renewal cycle to larger and longer scales highlights the possibility that the Gabra social–ecological system is becoming increasingly brittle, with evolving institutional arrangements putting more and more constraints on adaptation and especially on nomadic mobility. An examination of the distinctive nature of dryland pastoral commons, and in particular a complex systems approach to this examination, suggests a number of issues that relief and development organizations should consider, including how to foster novelty and innovation through all the phases of the adaptive cycle.

Europeanization through its instrumentation: benchmarking, mainstreaming and the open method of co-ordination … toolbox or Pandora's box?

Understanding Europeanization through its instrumentation raises the issue of the supposed neutrality of policy tools used as soft modes of action. The aim of this article is to assess how this ‘new governance’ tends to guide policy-making on a specific path. Indeed, European construction cannot be restricted to the direct impact of Community law or to the indirect effects of economic integration. A new form of non-constraining co-ordination has been developing since the mid-1990s. In order to explain how the cognitive mechanisms of Europeanization work, we open the ‘toolboxes’ that allow European institutions to have an effect on national representations and practices. The use of benchmarking for building the European Research Area, the elaboration of gender equality policy according to the principle of mainstreaming, and the open method of co-ordination (OMC) in the field of pension reforms, illustrate how such policy instruments lead national governments to meet the competitiveness requirements of the Lisbon strategy.