Mainstream Research Research Articles

Exploration of the Relationship between Planning Research Investment and National Macro Development—An Empirical Study Based on Papers since 1950

The world is accelerating globalization and urbanization; thus, planning plays an irreplaceable role in the macro development, especially in sustainable development. Planning research is important in turning theories of planning into urban practices. This research based on the theory that planning research is crucial, as it represents that planning-related activities improve processes in urbanization. However, the current understanding of the importance of planning research is limited. There is no research on the interaction between planning research and macro national development to support the importance of planning or its research. This study uses 750,000 articles on urban planning fields from WoS from 1950 to the present. Firstly, the study concludes the investment pattern changes of the global planning research. Over the past 70 years, the total number and diversity of countries engaged in planning research have grown rapidly, and developing countries have gradually integrated into the mainstream research community and become the main contributors. Secondly, the investment intensity and characteristics of planning research are consistent with the speed and characteristics of urbanization, which proves that to some extent, the demand of urbanization development drives the investment of planning research. Then, according to the different characteristics of planning research investment in different countries, this paper summarizes the main investment characteristics of major countries, analyzes the development rule behind the investment characteristics, and predicts the interaction with the international political and economic pattern. By analyzing the relationship between planning research intensity and urbanization, it is found that the investment intensity of planning research has a time rule with urbanization and has different interactions in different stages of urbanization development. It was found that the intensity of planning research was strongly correlated with HDI, and the amount of research was crucial.

Deep Learning in Neuroimaging: Overcoming Challenges With Emerging Approaches.

Deep learning (DL) is of great interest in psychiatry due its potential yet largely untapped ability to utilize multidimensional datasets (such as fMRI data) to predict clinical outcomes. Typical DL methods, however, have strong assumptions, such as large datasets and underlying model opaqueness, that are suitable for natural image prediction problems but not medical imaging. Here we describe three relatively novel DL approaches that may help accelerate its incorporation into mainstream psychiatry research and ultimately bring it into the clinic as a prognostic tool. We first introduce two methods that can reduce the amount of training data required to develop accurate models. These may prove invaluable for fMRI-based DL given the time and monetary expense required to acquire neuroimaging data. These methods are (1) transfer learning − the ability of deep learners to incorporate knowledge learned from one data source (e.g., fMRI data from one site) and apply it toward learning from a second data source (e.g., data from another site), and (2) data augmentation (via Mixup) − a self-supervised learning technique in which “virtual” instances are created. We then discuss explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), i.e., tools that reveal what features (and in what combinations) deep learners use to make decisions. XAI can be used to solve the “black box” criticism common in DL and reveal mechanisms that ultimately produce clinical outcomes. We expect these techniques to greatly enhance the applicability of DL in psychiatric research and help reveal novel mechanisms and potential pathways for therapeutic intervention in mental illness.

Praxis-Oriented Research Toward a Liberatory Disability Politics: A Contemplative Inquiry Approach

Knowledge extraction and the absence of reciprocity between scholars and grassroots practitioners in mainstream disability research are topics of concern for scholar-activists committed to disability justice in cultural and social studies research. Critical methodologies such as praxis-oriented research and scholar-activism in disability studies have sought to decenter Euro-American notions of expertise and nondisabled expert knowledge by centering disabled grassroots knowledge and leadership in all aspects of the disability experience. Overall, the literature demonstrates that emancipatory methods such as scholar-activism and praxis-oriented research have had a liberatory effect on disability studies inquiry. It also suggests that nondisabled researchers in other areas have yet to critically examine their role in perpetuating systemic ableism in their research practices. This article builds upon and extends the existing literature by considering disability studies scholars’ methodological interventions in traditionally dominant fields such as anthropology and policy studies. To keep with a praxis-oriented approach to research, the article uses a contemplative inquiry approach to discuss these interventions. Concluding remarks discuss the political significance of praxis-oriented research and its role in subverting unbalanced power dynamics between academic researchers and disabled grassroots practitioners, thus enabling a move toward a liberatory disability politics.

Letter to the Coeditors: Toward an Architectonic in Academic Advising: Scholarly Inquiry in Academic Advising (2nd Edition)

Letter to the Coeditors: Toward an Architectonic in Academic Advising: <i>Scholarly Inquiry in Academic Advising (2nd Edition)</i>

Recent Research Progress: Discovery of Anti-Plant Virus Agents Based on Natural Scaffold.

Plant virus diseases, also known as “plant cancers”, cause serious harm to the agriculture of the world and huge economic losses every year. Antiviral agents are one of the most effective ways to control plant virus diseases. Ningnanmycin is currently the most successful anti-plant virus agent, but its field control effect is not ideal due to its instability. In recent years, great progress has been made in the research and development of antiviral agents, the mainstream research direction is to obtain antiviral agents or lead compounds based on structural modification of natural products. However, no antiviral agent has been able to completely inhibit plant viruses. Therefore, the development of highly effective antiviral agents still faces enormous challenges. Therefore, we reviewed the recent research progress of anti-plant virus agents based on natural products in the past decade, and discussed their structure-activity relationship (SAR) and mechanism of action. It is hoped that this review can provide new inspiration for the discovery and mechanism of action of novel antiviral agents.

Pole Feature Extraction of HF Radar Targets for the Large Complex Ship Based on SPSO and ARMA Model Algorithm

Radar target characteristics need to be accurately extracted to enhance the role of high-frequency (HF) radar target recognition technology in modern radar, sea and air monitoring, and other applications. The pole characteristics of radar targets have become a mainstream research focus because of their inherent advantages for target recognition. However, existing pole extraction methods for complex targets generally have problems in early- and late-time responses aliasing and target information loss. To avoid this problem, this study proposes a new method to extract radar target poles based on the special particle swarm optimization algorithm (SPSO) and an autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model. This method, which does not involve the distinction between early-and late-time responses, is used to estimate an approximation of the entire scattering echo of the target. Then the parameters of the model are precisely optimized with the help of a particle swarm optimization algorithm combined with opposition-based learning and inertia weight decreasing. Strategy. Owing to the characteristics of the azimuth consistency of the target poles, a sliding window is used to calibrate the positions of multi-azimuth poles in the complex plane. The method was demonstrated to be feasible with good performance when it was applied to extract the pole features of ships at different azimuths in the high-frequency band.

Advancements in Artificial Intelligence-Based Decision Support Systems for Improving Construction Project Sustainability: A Systematic Literature Review

This paper aims at evaluating the current state of research into artificial intelligence (AI)-based decision support systems (DSS) for improving construction project sustainability. The literature was systematically reviewed to explore the use of AI in the construction project lifecycle together with the consideration of the economic, environmental, and social goals of sustainability. A total of 2688 research papers were reviewed, and 77 papers were further analyzed, and the major tasks of the DSSs were categorized. Our review results suggest that the main research stream is dedicated to early-stage project prediction (50% of all papers), with artificial neural networks (ANNs) and fuzzy logic (FL) being the most popular AI algorithms in use. Hybrid AI models were used in 46% of all studies. The goal for economic sustainability is the most considered in research, with 87% of all papers considering this goal, and there is evidence given of a trend towards the environmental and social goals of sustainability receiving increasing attention throughout the latter half of the decade.

PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER DISIPLIN ANAK: SEBUAH TINJAUAN DARI PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI

Both environmental influences and education in the family and society have contributed significantly to form a child’s character, including his or her discipline character. This research is a qualitative approach that was conducted by soliciting ten parent respondents. Based on data collected through observation, interviews, and supporting documents, this research agrees with mainstream research findings of Islamic education research which is to mould the child’s discipline character in order to provide provisions for his or her future life, namely (1) the child grows and develops because of the parental upbringing. Therefore, his or her character reflects the values that exist in the family. (2) Societal environments and education have assumed a second role when the child socializes with his or her peers and with a wider social environment. As a result, greater influences will affect the development of the child. The formation of good character needs to be instilled in the child to live a life and grow positively. (3) Generally, the child grows up due to the influence of stimulus from the family and peers. If the stimulus is positive, the child will grow well and vice versa. The research suggests that parents, society, and especially Islamic education should invest greatly for the development of discipline character in the child due to his or her potential grows rapidly.

Contemporary leadership in hospitality: a review and research agenda

PurposeThis paper aims to provide a comprehensive, structured, objective bibliometric review of the main leadership styles investigated in the hospitality industry from 1977 to 2021 (September) and depicts this field’s conceptual structure.Design/methodology/approachBibliometric analysis techniques such as bibliographic coupling were used using several software applications (VOSviewer, BibExcel and Pajek, among others) to identify trends and research gaps in this literature. The paper provides an overview of the evolution of research activity on different leadership styles that yields important insights into research trends, most-researched themes, main authors and key journals.FindingsA total of 287 publications on leadership from the Web of Science and Scopus databases were summarized. The number of studies on leadership has been growing since 2013, evincing persistent interest in the topic. Eleven main streams of leadership research in the hospitality literature were detected and characterized, with transformational and servant leadership emerging as the most common approaches. Possible evolution of the topics and future research lines were also identified.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings can guide practitioners and scholars to further explore and implement emerging leadership styles in the hospitality sector. The paper also presents future research avenues to advance the field of leadership.Originality/valueThe current review provides a valuable framework for examining key leadership styles, understanding the most-researched styles and illustrating leadership's critical role in organizational and individual outcomes in hospitality businesses.

A review of knowledge hiding in team: evaluation of critical research streams

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to systematically review knowledge hiding (KH) behaviors in the team context. KH behavior is regarded as unethical and antisocial behavior, detrimental to team development and performance. The nature of its existence should not be allowed in team activities.Design/methodology/approachApplying a systematic literature review, this study investigated 39 related quantitative studies on KH behavior of employees in team and group contexts. This study discusses the fundamental concept of KH, analyzes current research findings, identifies relevant gaps in the team and group context and sheds light on future direction.FindingsFindings observed that the KH phenomena had gained the interest of scholars since the year 2010. Five main research streams identified in this systematic review are role of leadership, team creativity and innovation, underlying theory, multilevel modeling and KH scale.Research limitations/implicationsThe value of this paper is subjected to the specific notion of KH in team background where knowledge sharing should have been promoted instead of KH. This systematic review serves as insight and recognition on the importance of mitigating KH in team. Existing current literature, future research work and trends of KH in the organization may benefit from this new and anticipated behavior within the knowledge management field.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this review is the first to review KH behavior in the team context.

Laser welding of carbon-fibre-reinforced polyetherketone and 304 stainless steel: Cost-effective approach using prefabricated holes

Laser welding of carbon-fibre-reinforced polymers and metals has broad industrial applications. Although methods, such as manufacturing surface microstructures, have been developed to enhance the strength of laser welding, they have not been widely promoted and applied because of their high cost and complex manufacturability. In this work, an economical approach for laser welding of carbon-fibre-reinforced polyetherketone (CFRP–PEEK) and 304 stainless steel by fabricating holes on metal surfaces was investigated. The effects of prefabricated holes with diameters ranging from 0.3 to 1.5 mm were comprehensively studied. The economy of pulse equipment and the convenience and efficiency of the punching process make this method promising for large-scale industrial applications. Based on the optimised process parameters of the laser welding test, it was found that an appropriate prefabricated hole can increase the joint strength by nearly four times, which is comparable to the results of current mainstream research. The main mechanism for increasing the strength is the pyrolysis of CFRP–PEEK, which generates high-pressure bubbles; these bubbles then extrude the molten CFRP–PEEK into the prefabricated holes. The prefabricated holes further promote the heat dissipation effect of stainless steel and reduce the heat accumulation during welding. The molten CFRP concentrated in the prefabricated hole solidifies, avoiding solidification on both sides of the prefabricated hole. This difference in the solidification state greatly reduces the formation of shrinkage holes, which enhances the strength of the joint.

The Science (or Nonscience) of Research Into Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS).

This Viewpoint paper presents a timely and constructive critique of mainstream SIDS research. It is concerning that twenty-first century medical science has not provided an answer to the tragic enigma of SIDS. The paper helps explain why this is so and illustrates possible shortcomings in the investigation of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome/Sudden Unexplained Infant Death (SIDS/SUID) by mainstream researchers. Mainstream findings are often based on questionable and dogmatic assumptions that return to founding notions such as the Triple Risk Hypothesis and the contention that the mechanisms underlying SIDS/SUID are heterogeneous in nature. The paper illustrates how the pathological findings in SIDS have been under-investigated (or ignored) and that key epidemiological risk factors have slipped from memory. This apparent amnesia has resulted in failure to use these established SIDS facts to substantiate the significance of various neuropathological, neurochemical, or other research findings. These unsupported findings and their derivative hypotheses are therefore ill-founded and lack scientific rigor.ConclusionThe deficits of SIDS “science” revealed in this paper explain why the SIDS enigma has not yet been solved. To make progress in understanding SIDS, it is important that researchers, as scientists, uphold standards of research. Encouragement for new directions of research is offered.

Application of LSTM algorithm combined with Kalman filter and SOGI in phase-locked technology of aviation variable frequency power supply.

With the development of computer technology, the concept of computer automatic control has gradually penetrated the research field of aircraft power control, and intelligent power control systems have become mainstream research. The present work aims to improve the performance of the broadband phase-locked loop (PLL) based on the linear Kalman filter. Specifically, this paper first introduces linear Kalman filter and second-order generalized integrator (SOGI). Then, SOGI is added to PLL based on the linear Kalman filter. The purpose is to use the infinite gain effect of SOGI at the central angular frequency to eliminate the time-varying angular frequency component in the error when the system inputs SOGI to achieve a better filtering effect. Then, the system's stability analysis and parameter settings are carried out to establish an intelligent phase-locked method of aviation variable frequency power supply. Finally, simulation experiments are performed. The experimental results demonstrate that PLL via the linear Kalman filter with SOGI can solve the problem that the output phase angle contains high-frequency components when the power supply voltage distortion rate is 10%. This scheme has a strong anti-interference ability under power grid voltage imbalance. The accuracy of the Long and Short-term Memory network used here is about 80%, which can well realize the intelligent aviation power frequency conversion control method. The research reported here provides a reference for establishing smart phase-locked technology of aviation variable frequency power supply.

Entrepreneurial motives, entrepreneurial success and life satisfaction of refugees venturing in tourism and hospitality

PurposeA burgeoning stream of tourism and hospitality research highlights the role of entrepreneurship in bringing about positive social and economic outcomes for both refugees themselves and their host countries. Yet little has been done so far both in mainstream entrepreneurship research and tourism scholarship to explore how motivations influence perceived entrepreneurial success of refugees and how this eventually affects their subjective well-being. To address this gap, the present study aims to propose and empirically test a conceptual model postulating relationships between contextual and individual entrepreneurial motives, perceptions of entrepreneurial success and life satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachThis study draws on quantitative data collected through 172 surveys of refugee entrepreneurs venturing in different subsectors within tourism and hospitality in Turkey and the UK. A structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the proposed theoretical model.FindingsThe results reveal that contextual and individual entrepreneurial motives have a significant positive impact on perceived entrepreneurial success. As predicted, perceived entrepreneurial success is found to have a significant positive impact on life satisfaction. A multigroup analysis involving host country (Turkey vs the UK) and mode of entry (founder vs takeover) indicates no significant difference based on host country, whereas the strength of relationships for takeovers is relatively greater as compared to founders.Practical implicationsThis study advocates that the reductionist approach viewing refugees as temporary “outsiders” who are in consistent need of public provision, and welfare services should not prevail against their ability to achieve self-efficiency through entrepreneurship. Hence, policies need to be oriented toward supporting refugee entrepreneurial activities over various business stages and modes of entry. More importantly, ensuring high success rates among refugee entrepreneurs should be viewed as a pivotal tool to address the well-being of refugees, their families and their fellows.Originality/valueWhile previous research identifies drivers of entrepreneurship success and the potential favorable outcomes, none of these studies empirically models refugee entrepreneurship motives, self-reported entrepreneurial success and life satisfaction as a distinct and growing cohort of entrepreneurs. This study makes significant theoretical contributions to the corpus of literature on the social outcomes of entrepreneurship and provides timely implications for policymakers to use entrepreneurship as a market-based solution to address refugees’ subjective well-being.

An Epistemological Strategy for Initiating Scientific Revolution against WEIRD Psychology.

This paper, a reply to the thought-provoking paper The WEIRDest People in the World? (Henrich, Heine & Norenzayan, 2010), makes the fundamental argument that most research paradigms from Western mainstream psychology, including theories, methods, and research procedures, are all very WEIRD once moved to non-Western cultures. We thus face not only biased samples but also a deeply WEIRD psychology. Implanting such a research paradigm into non-Western societies may result in an episteme of self-colonization by formulating a mentality of normative Eurocentrism, which may hinder not only the understanding of a local culture. Through this paper I draw on Kuhn's (1962) Structure of Scientific Revolutions to argue that a crisis is needed to initiate a scientific revolution against WEIRD psychology. I then draw on Hwang's (2019a) epistemological strategy as a path for constructing culture-inclusive theories to compliment Western theories found in mainstream psychology.

Environmental Finance: An Interdisciplinary Review

• We provide a systematic review of environmental finance. • Environmental finance research has experienced significant growth in recent years. • Current main research streams are identified and reviewed. • Emerging research themes are proposed and analyzed. • We provide an interdisciplinary research agenda for environmental finance. Environmental finance has gained considerable attention globally as an emerging interdisciplinary research area. This study uses bibliometric analysis to systematically review major studies on environmental finance-related areas published since the 1970s. Through a bibliometric analysis of 892 environmental finance-related articles sourced from the Web of Science database, we identified the main research streams and illustrated the trending research themes of environmental finance. We find that publications related to environmental finance have increased exponentially over the past decade. Current research streams include corporate and social responsibility (CSR), climate negotiations, natural gas price volatility, national policy, and cost comparisons. Further analysis of the recent five years of literature shows that emerging research topics include climate finance, sustainable finance, firm value, climate risk, and green bonds. Finally, we conclude with a future research agenda for environmental finance.

Asymmetrical six-phase induction motor drives based on Z-source inverters: Modulation, design, fault detection and tolerance

Multiphase machines are becoming one of the mainstream research topics during the last decade, especially in high-reliability based systems. Among the different configurations of the multiphase machines, Asymmetrical Six-Phase Induction Motor (ASPIM) with a spatial displacement of 30° is popular as it has a better magnetomotive force (MMF) distribution. This paper therefore concerns with detecting and mitigating the operation of ASPIM during healthy and faulty modes. Recently, the Z-source Inverter (ZSI) technology has attracted great concerns of the researchers. The key idea of this paper is to combine together the technologies of ASPIM and ZSI. This combination produces a very high reliable drive system. Traditional modulation methods associated with the ZSI are modified in this paper to be convenient for ASPIM drives. Besides, the impedance network design procedures are introduced. Moreover, the Vector Space Decomposition Fault Detection (VSDFD) method has been applied to detect open-circuit faults and used to select the proper post-fault operation. An experimental setup has been established in the laboratory to validate the proposed ideas. Finally, the actual machine parameters are measured and used to investigate the system performance via simulation and experimental results in both healthy and faulty conditions.

The contribution of the Visegrad four automotive industry to economic growth

In the countries of the Visegrad Four (V4) (Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary, Slovakia), significant and modern car production capacities were built due to foreign direct investment inflows. According to the results of mainstream research, the automotive industry can make a substantial contribution to the growth of the GDP of the affected national economy. In the V4 countries, the opposite has taken place in the automotive industry over the past decade. Automotive production increased in the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Slovakia but decreased in Poland. The study seeks to answer the question of the close relationship between automotive output and changes in GDP in the countries concerned. The correlation calculation results show that the automotive industry has a powerfully positive effect on GDP growth in countries where the sector's contribution is significant and growing dynamically.

International Trade in Services and FDI: A Review and Bibliometric Analysis (2000-2020)

International trade in services is the engine of the world economy. Under complex and volatile international happenings, it is worth evaluating where the world service trade and FDI pattern will go. Therefore, it is necessary to gauge the trade-related research of service trade and FDI. This paper systematically reviewed the research on international trade in service and FDI through qualitative and quantitative research methods, which made up for the deficiency of the existing reviews in this field. This paper used VOS viewer software to carry out a bibliometric analysis of 1097 documents from Scopus (2005-2020). The study found that authoritative journals in this field are concentrated in the economic field and the quality of publications is high. The cooperation between scholars is not close, and papers are mainly distributed in North and South America, East Europe, South and Central Asia, and partially Australia. The results of document co-citation showed that international trade in services and FDI is diversified into mainstream research fields, like trade liberalization, FDI in the financial industry, international competitiveness, TRIPS, TRIS, GATT, and corporate diplomacy. With further analysis of the above knowledge structure, we can master the development track of international trade core areas in services and lay a foundation for exploring new development trends.

Manipulating impact damage modes in composite laminates by helical pitch angle and ply thickness

The low compressive strength after impact (CAI) of composite laminates greatly limits their industrial application. At present, mainstream research focuses on material modification, especially resin toughening. In this paper, we consider a different research thinking: microstructure design. If impact damage modes in laminate are inevitable, which kinds of impact damage modes (or combinations) are less harmful to CAI strength? If some impact damage modes are less harmful, then we can manipulate these specific impact damage modes by microstructure design. In this paper, to manipulate specific impact damage modes, we adopted two design strategies: using thin-ply and bouligand structure, and realized four typical impact damage modes. We found a relatively harmless combination of impact damage forms to maximize the CAI strength, namely, t=0.12mm;γ=30°. The numerical results revealed that when the ply thickness or the pitch angle is too large or too small, impact damage becomes more serious and extreme, which greatly reduces the CAI strength.