Main Lane Research Articles

Design and development of multi drop auto-walk

At present environment, especially in the urban cities, peoples are very busy and moving continuously and rapidly. With the advancement in technologies, there is a huge opportunity to full fill this people flow experience. Autowalk which is also called as walkalator or movelator is a device used as a mode for transporting the peoples horizontally or laterally from one point to another. The proposed device consists of a pulley with belt arrangement or can be a pallet type of arrangement which is being driven by a motor. Autowalk available in the market today can only transport the people from one point to another, however, for the place where people has to move in a wide spread direction, rather than the point to point there is a need for some devices or some modifications in the existing setup to satisfy those needs. In this multidrop autowalk the people flow traffic is optimized by providing the sub-platform which moves simultaneously along with the main lane. This multidrop autowalk can be widely used in departmental stores, airports, shopping malls, theme park, exhibitions, etc.

The Car Following Model with Relative Speed in Front on the Three-Lane Road

An improved car following model on one road with three lanes is presented in this paper, which considers the relative velocity in front on the main lane and the left and the right adjacent lanes. The stability criterion and neutral stability curve are obtained by linear stability theory. The nonlinear stability analysis is investigated further to get the solution of the modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation and get the three areas of stability, metastability, and unstability. The new LRVD model (left and right lane velocity difference model) with bigger stable area can stabilize middle lane traffic flow better, which is proved by the linear theory, nonlinear theory, and the simulation. The LRVD model shows if drivers on the middle lane pay more attention to more cars in front on the two side lanes on the three-lane road, the middle lane traffic flow is certain to be more stable in real life. On the complex three-lane road, if intelligent traffic management system based on the huge traffic data for drivers is applied in real life, it is very helpful to ensure traffic safety, which is also the trend of transportation development in future.

Design of Automated Merging Control by Considering Acceptability of Drivers on Main Lane

Design of Automated Merging Control by Considering Acceptability of Drivers on Main Lane

Traffic queue proposal solution on T-junction by utilizing arena simulation software (case study of Dinoyo T-Junction Malang City)

Dinoyo T-junction is one of the intersections with the densest traffic in the city of Malang. This is because T-junction is connecting several major campuses in the Malang city and it is one of the main traffic lanes in town. This study conducted a simulation study of traffic queue on T-junction utilizing Arena simulation software, by giving some proposals solution through simple experiments. Research outcome show that a reduction of red lights duration by 15 seconds in traffic queue simulation for each segment on Dinoyo T-junction be able to gives a significant queue reduction result.

Dynamic Stability Control Criterion for an Asphalt Surface Course under Different Traffic Volumes

To control the rutting resistance of a semi-rigid-base asphalt pavement under different traffic volumes, a rutting test is conducted to simulate the actual pavement internal temperature field on full-depth asphalt surface course samples excavated from different sections (different corresponding traffic volumes) and rutting depths in an expressway reconstruction and extension project. The relationship between dynamic stability and rutting depth on the main lane is analyzed. The dynamic stability control criteria, which are dynamic stabilities corresponding to 15 mm rut depth, to fit the traffic volumes of different sections are determined. The accumulative equivalent axles of different sections are collected and calculated. The relationship between the dynamic stability control criterion of each section and its accumulative equivalent axle is analyzed to obtain a fitting equation. A dynamic stability control criterion for the asphalt pavement structure at heavy traffic level is suggested based on this fitting equation. Afterward, a method of determining the dynamic stability control criterion for the entire asphalt surface course under different traffic volumes is recommended.

Apriori-based text mining method for the advancement of the transportation management plan in expressway work zones

This study contributes to knowledge by advancing the transportation management plan (TMP) development efforts for expressway work zones. Using text mining techniques to a large-scale transportation data set that contains descriptively narrated texts, this research analyzes the association between words related to the type of work being performed and the type of lane closure in expressway work zone areas. It found that recurrent everyday tasks and bridge repair works tend to cause shoulder lane closure, while works—such as tunnel repair, night work, pavement, median barrier, road surface repair, and line marking—are more associated with main lane closure. Moreover, the findings further clarify the characteristic patterns shared between the number of closed lanes, and the respective lane position in two- and three-lane expressways. These offer significant insights into the decision-making process for the development of work zone TMPs, which can further be integrated into the various components of TMP to make the plan more effective and, at the same time, ensure an efficient throughput flow throughout the work zone, reduced congestion, and improved safety.

Numerical study of energy recovery from the wakes of moving vehicles on highways by using a vertical axis wind turbine

The wind energy restored in the wakes of high-speed moving vehicles on highways has considerable potential but has yet to be used. In this study, a vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) is used to recover energy from the wake of vehicles on highways. The VAWT is designed to be placed on the medians of the highway and produce power from the wakes of vehicles on both sides. To evaluate the performance of the VAWT and to determine the mechanism of interactions between the moving vehicle and the turbine, three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulations based on the Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes equations are performed. Five typical situations, including one car on the passing lane, one bus on the passing lane, two opposite moving cars on the passing lane, one car on the fast main lane, and one bus on the fast main lane, are considered and studied. Results show that the VAWT could generate power from the wakes of vehicles on the passing lane. The maximum average power coefficient is 0.00464, which corresponds to an average power of 139.60 W.

고속도로 졸음쉼터 제원 산정 및 설계기준 정립에 관한 연구

본 연구는 고속도로 졸음쉼터 현황 조사 및 문제점 도출을 통해 졸음쉼터의 제원 산정 및 설계기준 수립을 위한 개선안 제시를 목적으로 한다. 고속도로 졸음쉼터 진입부를 감속변이구간, 감속차로, 진입연결로로 분류하고, 진출부는 진출연결로, 가속차로, 가속변이구간으로 분류하여 차량의 본선 주행속도, 진출입연결로의 시 종점부 주행속도, 감속도 및 가속도 등을 고려하여 구간별 적정길이를 산정하였다. 또한 졸음쉼터 주차부를 주차형태, 횡단구성 주차공간의 길이 등으로 구분하고, 실제 졸음쉼터를 이용하는 차량의 이용률, 중차량 비율, 졸음쉼터 내 설계속도 등을 고려하여 합리적인 설계기준을 정립하였다. 본 연구를 통해 제시된 고속도로 졸음쉼터 설계기준은 향후 졸음쉼터 계획 및 재정비 시 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 고속도로 졸음쉼터의 규정 및 산정 결과를 고려한 졸음쉼터의 설치기준 정립은 휴게시설 및 고속도로 교통사고 예방은 물론 이용률 증가 및 안전성 측면의 향상을 가져올 것으로 판단된다. This study investigated current status of rest area for drowsy drivers on the highways and drew the related issues to define specifications and design criteria regarding expressway rest area for drowsy drivers on the highways. Based on the investigation result, geometric structure specifications and improvement plans are suggested. The entry part of a rest area for drowsy drivers on the highways was divided into deceleration transition section, deceleration lane and entry connection road while the exit part was divided into exit connection road, acceleration lane and acceleration transition section. The optimum length was estimated by considering the main lane vehicle traveling speed, traveling speed at the beginning/end point of entry/exit connection roads, deceleration and acceleration. In addition, reasonable design criteria were suggested by dividing the parking section of rest area for drowsy drivers according to parking style and cross-section composition, and length of parking space and then considering the ratio of vehicles using rest area for drowsy drivers, the ratio of heavy vehicles, and the design speed within a rest area for drowsy drivers. It is believed that the suggested design criteria on rest area for drowsy drivers on the highways can be utilized in the future planning and maintenance of rest area for drowsy drivers. Additionally, the defined criteria on installing rest area for drowsy drivers on the highways will prevent traffic accidents in resting facilities and highways as well as improve usage and safety of them.

Modelling of land use change in Indramayu District, West Java Province

Indramayu District into a strategic area for a stopover and overseas from East Java area because Indramayu District passed the north coast main lane, which is the first as the economic lifeblood of the Java Island. Indramayu District is part of mainstream economic Java pathways so that physical development of the area and population density as well as community activities grew by leaps and bounds. Growth acceleration raised the level of land use change. Land use change and population activities in coastal area would reduce the carrying capacity and impact on environmental quality. This research aim to analyse landuse change of years 2000 and 2011 in Indramayu District. Using this land use change map, we can predict the condition of landuse change of year 2022 in Indramayu District. Cellular Automata Markov (Markov CA) Method is used to create a spatial model of land use changes. The results of this study are predictive of land use in 2022 and the suitability with Spatial Plan (RTRW). A settlement increase predicted to continue in the future the designation of the land according to the spatial plan should be maintained.

Health Impact Assessment of Tram Network Expansion in Barcelona, Spain.

Introduction: The tram is one of the safest modes of transport in urban areas. It is associated with low numbers of traffic incidents, air pollution, noise emissions, and increments in physical activity. Barcelona, Spain, is proposing to extend their tram system, by connecting two main lanes to create an expanded tram network. This health impact assessment (HIA) aims to estimate the potential health risks and benefits of the new tram network in Barcelona, Spain. Methods: A quantitative HIA was performed, accompanied with stakeholders interviews. Measurements of particulate matter less than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) inside of the car, tram, and among pedestrians were performed. Traffic fatalities by mode of transport were collected from city records and the risk of fatality per km traveled by mode were estimated. Physical activity was estimated based on the metabolic equivalent of task for each activity and mode of transport. As a secondary analysis, carbon dioxide (CO2) emission reduction by the substitutio...

A Study of Collision Risk Estimation and Users Evaluation at Merging Section of Urban Expressway in Japan

For usability of urban expressway in Japan, there are some problems due to the limitation of spatial con-straint. As the result of the limitation, there are merging sections that do not have enough length and set a right-side entrance ramp which is connected to the passing lane, directly. Therefore, unfamiliar drivers such as female and/or elderly drivers are subjected to stress and aware of danger when they merge onto the expressway and it is necessary to measure these situations quantitatively from the viewpoints of both traffic conflict risk and users evaluation. The purpose of this study is to estimate collision risk by using Surrogate Safety Measure and evaluate Quality of Service for drivers at merging sections of urban expressway in Japan. We focused on each ve-hicle merging movements and traffic conflicts at three on-ramps, which has different geometries, by im-age processing technology. First, in order to elucidate the occurrences of collision risk in merging section, we analyzed the collision risk between a merging vehicle and a main lane vehicle by using the Possibility Index for Collision with Urgent Deceleration (PICUD) index. It is shown that the position of conflicts is affected by the amount of traffic volume. Second, we conducted discriminant analyses for the results of the PICUD estimation in order to reveal the influence factors of collision risk at each merging section. As the result of discriminant analyses, it is found that the percentage of merging position and traffic volume of main lane have a huge effect on collision risk for merging movement. In addition, both the percentage of heavy vehicles and the existence of other merging vehicle at a time trigger rear-end collision risk. Fur-thermore, we examined some countermeasures to reduce collision risk in objective merging sections by sensitivity analysis and proposed a Level of Service index which is based on the rank of rear-end collision risk considering users’ subjective evaluation.

Cooperative vehicle path generation during merging using model predictive control with real-time optimization

This paper proposed a cooperative merging path generation method for vehicles to merge smoothly on the motorway using a Model Predictive Control (MPC) scheme which optimizes the motions of the relevant vehicles simultaneously. The cooperative merging is a merging in where the most relevant vehicle in the main lane would accelerate or decelerate slightly to let the merging vehicle merge in easily. The proposed path generation algorithm can generate the merging path ensuring the merging vehicle can access the whole acceleration area, and do not exceed it. We have introduced a state variable to the optimization problem by which the merging point for the merging vehicle is optimized. The simulation results showed that the cooperative merging path can be successfully generated under some typical traffic situations without re-adjustment of the optimization parameters.

Real-time illumination invariant lane detection for lane departure warning system

Lane detection is an important element in improving driving safety. In this paper, we propose a real-time and illumination invariant lane detection method for lane departure warning system. The proposed method works well in various illumination conditions such as in bad weather conditions and at night time. It includes three major components: First, we detect a vanishing point based on a voting map and define an adaptive region of interest (ROI) to reduce computational complexity. Second, we utilize the distinct property of lane colors to achieve illumination invariant lane marker candidate detection. Finally, we find the main lane using a clustering method from the lane marker candidates. In case of lane departure situation, our system sends driver alarm signal. Experimental results show satisfactory performance with an average detection rate of 93% under various illumination conditions. Moreover, the overall process takes only 33ms per frame.

Traffic flow optimization on roundabouts

The aim of this article is to propose an optimization strategy for traffic flowon roundabouts using amacroscopic approach. The roundabout is modeled as a sequence of 2 × 2 junctions with one main lane and secondary incoming and outgoing roads. We consider two cost functionals: the total travel time and the total waiting time, which give an estimate of the time spent by drivers on the network section. These cost functionals areminimized with respect to the right ofway parameter of the incoming roads. For each cost functional, the analytical expression is given for each junction. We then solve numerically the optimization problem and show some numerical results. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Slip ramp design for dedicated truck lanes using microscopic traffic simulation

Dedicated Truck Lanes (DTL) are planned in the United States along freight-intensive corridors, namely Corridors of the Future. In rural areas along these corridors, slip ramps will provide access to heavy vehicles between the truck-only lanes (TOL) and the general purpose lanes (GPL) to subsequently enter and exit the facility using an interchange. This paper examines the distance between the slip ramp and an interchange required by heavy vehicles to enter and exit the facility using a microscopic traffic simulation program, VISSIM. This distance consists of a merge, link, and a diverge segment. The procedure for determining this distance included (a) examining the acceleration/deceleration characteristics of vehicles, (b) specifying the parameters in VISSIM based on vehicle characteristics and driver behavior, (c) coding and simulating the traffic on DTL in VISSIM, (d) analyzing the speed–flow relation for passenger and heavy vehicles for the various lengths of merge, link, and diverge segments on the GPL, slip ramps, merge, and diverge segments of TOL, and (e) determining the slip ramp distance to (and from) the interchange for level, upgrade, and downgrade. To determine the different segment lengths, a rotatable central composite design (RCCD) was used to generate a reasonable number of cases required for simulation. Simulation of peak period traffic on level grades indicated that the lengths of segments were directly proportional to the average speed of heavy vehicles. As the slip ramp distance from and to the interchange depended on the lane change behavior of drivers, a sensitivity analysis was performed for the safety distance reduction factor (SDRF), the main lane change parameter in VISSIM. This paper provides state departments of transportation with design recommendations for slip ramp design for the Corridors of the Future project. The paper also provides a unique application of microscopic simulation to highway facility design.

Gap Selection and Path Generation during Merging Maneuver of Automobile Using Real-Time Optimization

This paper has proposed a gap selection and path generation method during merging maneuver of automobile. In this method the merging problem of one merging vehicle and multiple main lane vehicles i...

Research on Remote Condition Monitoring System in Coal Mine

In this paper, the signal sources of communication system are described in coal mine firstly, and then a kind of remote condition monitoring system based on the OFDM technology is presented. This system makes wire communication combined mutually with wireless communication by tandem adapter. Wireless communication is used in mining area or in the time of sudden accident, Power line or fiber-optic is used in main lane. This system makes use of the advantage of OFDM technology to provide many kinds of access service in mine. There are different grades and different rates for many consumers at the same time in these access services. The different modulation methods of sub-carries in this system increase flexibility and adaptability. The system not only fulfils the usual demand of produce communication monitoring, but also considers sudden accident, attains the state where the mining area arrives where the signal transports. This paper analyzed feasibility of the system based on some simulation tests finally.

2A2-H01 運転支援に向けた合流運転行動のモデリング(【交通・物流部門】カー・ロボティクスとITS)

In the present paper, driver models of merging behaviors into the main lances from a side lane was proposed for application to driver assistance systems. The first model, a merging position judgment model determines the position where the driver merges based on the states of vehicles driving in the main lanes before merging. The second model, a merging timing judgment model judges whether the host vehicle can merge into the main lane in the current states of the vehicles. Driving simulator experiments with 10 participants were conducted to build models. The accuracy of the models was evaluated by comparing the drivers' behaviors and the model output. The rate of correct judgment by the merging position judgment model was 79% according to the experiments. Furthermore, a prototype of a merging assistance system was developed using the proposed driver models. The simulator experiments with the assistance system demonstrated that high subjective rating by the participants for the appropriateness of the assistance and decrease of mental workload in merging.

Automated on‐ramp merging control algorithm based on Internet‐connected vehicles

With the rapid development of Information and Communication Technologies, vehicular networks that communicate with each other will have an innovative application in traffic safety and congestion. This study describes a preliminary study on an automated on-ramp merging control algorithm for vehicles on freeways under condition of Internet-connected vehicles. On the basis of vehicular operation characteristics during the merging process analysis, a cooperative driving algorithm based on Internet of vehicles was designed to achieve ramp merging without collision. Then two on-ramp merging cases, including one vehicle and two vehicles merging into the platoon on main lane, were discussed in detail. Simulation works were carried out and the results proved that the on-ramp merging algorithm was effective, but the vehicle following the leading vehicle on ramp lane is disturbed seriously by the leading vehicle. At the same time, the simulation results also showed the scenario that merging a platoon into the two vehicles on main lane affects the traffic flow more seriously than letting each individual vehicle on ramp lane consecutively to merge in between the two vehicles in the main lane under the same initial condition.

Study on Control Design of Interchange Entrance Congestion Zone

Interchange entrance area is the key point which affects the overall operational reliability of an Interchange. In order to alleviate the crowded ramp merging area, improve the overall reliability of the interchange and improve traffic safety, when traffic demand increases to a certain extent, traffic control strategies should be used. According of the characteristics of the interchange ramp entrance area, the control strategy of interchange and the mainline which affect the reliability of high-speed road network most has been researched. Analyzing the geometric and traffic characteristics of the ramp merging area, different control strategies on the ramp and the mainline are proposed, that is ramp access control strategy and the main line lane running constraint strategy.